2021年江苏省苏州市大学英语6级大学英语六级测试卷(含答案)

2021年江苏省苏州市大学英语6级大学英

语六级测试卷（含答案）

学校:班级:姓名:考号:

一、l.Writing（10题）

1.Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessay

entitledNatureorNurture.Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsfollowingthe

outlinegivenbelow.

1.有些人认为遗传因素起决定作用；

2.也有人认为环境影响作用更大；

3.你的观点。

2.Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowritealettertoa

friendinvitinghertocometoBeijingforMay1stholiday.Youshouldwrite

atleast150wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelow.

1.假设你是李芳，给好朋友Lily写一封信。内容如下：

1.邀请她五一放假其间来北京游玩

2.简单介绍北京的名胜古迹

3.希望对方回信交流意见

ALettertoaFrien

3.StatisticsofFamilyExpensesinChina

、、Year198sl»9S2005

lum--、一

Food&Clothing67%46%20%

Recreation3%7%15%

Education6%13%22%

HeathCare6%10%16%

Others18%24%27%

1.请对图表所给出的信息进行描述

2.请对描述的内容做出原因分析

3.请针对此图表得出合理的结论并对未来进行预测

ChangesinFamilyExpenses

4.Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteacomposition

onthetopicChangesinPeople'sWaysofCommunication.Youshouldwrite

atleast150wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelowinChinese:

1.以下图为依据描述1975年和1995年人们交流通讯方式的变化情况

2.说明引起变化的各种原因

3.预测未来的情况

■Leaer

5.Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteacomposition,

onthetopicNoPainsNoGains.Yourcompositionshouldbebasedonthe

outlinegivenbelowinChinese.Yourpartofthecompositionshouldbeat

least150words.

1.请解释"NoPainsNoGains"的含义;

2.举例证明。

6.1.在大学中，室友之间和睦相处很重要；

2.有些人认为相互体谅是和睦相处的重要途径；

3.你的观点。

7.Direction：Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessay

entitledThePhenomenonofEmptyNest.Youshouldwriteatleast150words

followingtheoutlinegivenbelow.

“空巢老人”指那些到了退休年龄，身边却无子女与之共同生活的老人。

1.如今的空巢老人逐渐增多

2.这种现象出现的原因

3.如何解决由此带来的问题

ThePhenomenonofEmptyNest

8.Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessay.Youshould

writeatleast150wordsfollowingthecartoongivenbelow:

9.Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessay

entitledWhyICametoCollege.Youshouldwriteatleast150words

followingtheoutlinegivenbelow:

1.我为什么选择读大学；

2.现在读大学是否值得；

3.结论。

10.1.留守儿童的现象在农村非常普遍

2.这种现象带来的弊端

3.我诊断该如何时处理这些问题

二、2.ReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)(10题)

11.

ItcanbeinferredfromthispassagethatEmeryTobinhadadeep-rootedhatred

for.

12.

Scientistsandenvironmentaliststhinkthatglobalwanningcanbe.

A.continuedB.improvedC.controlledD.reduced

13.

Thedemandforgoodsdependstotallyonthepriceofdemandedgoods.

A.YB.NC.NG

14.AtHighTechHigh,arehiredtoteachcoursesonbiotechnology

orwebdesign.

15.

Baughman'ssuperstrong,superligh,transparentsheetcanbeinsertedinthe

windshieldstohelp.

16.

Bymanipulatinginthecountry,theFedcaninfluence

theeconomyinapositiveornegativeway.

17.

Donottrytomakethetaglinetrendy,becausesuchlinedareoften.

18.

Ayoungfatchildhasmoretogetridoffatproblemthananoldone.

19.WhyBilingualEducation?

Bilingualeducationcontinuestoreceivecriticisminthenationalmedia.This

articleexaminessomeofthecriticism,anditseffectonpublicopinion,which

oftenisbasedonmisconceptionsaboutbilingualeducation'sgoalsand

practice.Thearticlealsoexplainstherationaleunderlyinggoodbilingual

educationprogramsandsummarizesresearchfindingsabouttheir

effectiveness.

Thecombinationoffirstlanguagesubjectmatterteachingandliteracy

developmentthatcharacterizesgoodbilingualprogramsindirectlybut

powerfullyaidsstudentsastheystriveforathirdfactoressentialtotheir

success:Englishproficiency.Ofcourse,wealsowanttoteachinEnglish

directly,viahighqualityEnglish-as-a-SecondLanguage(ESL)classes,and

throughshelteredsubjectmatterteaching,whereintermediate-levelEnglish

languageacquirerslearnsubjectmattertaughtinEnglish.

Thebestbilingualeducationprogramsincludeallofthesecharacteristics:

ESLinstruction,shelteredsubjectmatterteaching,andinstructioninthefirst

language.Non-English-speakingchildreninitiallyreceivecoreinstructionin

theprimarylanguagealongwithESLinstruction.Aschildrengrowmore

proficientinEnglish,theylearnsubjectsusingmorecontextualizedlanguage

(e.g.,mathandscience)inshelteredclassestaughtinEnglish,andeventually

inmainstreamclasses.Inthisway,theshelteredclassesfunctionasabridge

betweeninstructioninthefirstlanguageandinthemainstream.Inadvanced

levels,theonlysubjectsdoneinthefirstlanguagearethosedemandingthe

mostabstractuseoflanguage(socialstudiesandlanguagearts).Oncefull

mainstreamingiscomplete,advancedfirstlanguagedevelopmentisavailable

asanoption.Gradualexitplans,suchasthese,avoidproblemsassociatedwith

exitingchildrentooearly(beforetheEnglishtheyencounteris

comprehensible)andprovideinstructioninthefirstlanguagewhereitismost

needed.Theseplansalsoallowchildrentohavetheadvantagesofadvanced

firstlanguagedevelopment.

SuccesswithoutBilingualEducation

Acommonargumentagainstbilingualeducationistheobservationthatmany

peoplehavesucceededwithoutit.Thishascertainlyhappened.Inthesecases,

however,thesuccessfulpersongotplentyofcomprehensibleinputinthe

secondlanguage,andinmanycaseshadadefactobilingualeducation

program.Forexample,RodriguezanddelaPenaareoftencitedascounter­

evidencetobilingualeducation.

Rodrigueztellsusthathesucceededinschoolwithoutaspecialprogramand

acquiredaveryhighlevelofEnglishliteracy.Hehadtwocrucialadvantages,

however,thatmostlimited-English-proficient(LEP)childrendonothave.

First,hegrewupinanEnglish-speakingneighborhoodinSacramento,

California,andthusgotagreatdealofinformalcomprehensibleinputfrom

classmates.ManyLEPchildrentodayencounterEnglishonlyatschool;they

liveinneighborhoodswhereSpanishprevails.Inaddition,Rodriguezbecame

avoraciousreader,whichhelpedhimacquireacademiclanguage.MostLEP

childrenhavelittleaccesstobooks.

DelaPenareportsthathecametotheUnitedStatesatageninewithno

Englishcompetenceandclaimsthathesucceededwithoutbilingualeducation.

HereportsthatheacquiredEnglishrapidly,and"bytheendofmyfirstschool

year,Iwasamongthetopstudents."DelaPena,however,hadtheadvantages

ofbilingualeducation:InMexico,hewasinthefifthgrade,andwasthus

literateinSpanishandknewsubjectmatter.Inaddition,whenhestarted

schoolintheUnitedStateshewasputbacktwogrades.Hissuperior

knowledgeofsubjectmatterhelpedmaketheEnglishinputheheardmore

comprehensible.

Childrenwhoarrivewithagoodeducationintheirprimarylanguagehave

alreadygainedtw

A.YB.NC.NG

2O.ThePlayofPower:AnIntroductiontoAmericanGovernment

JamesEisenstein,MarkKessler,BruceA.WilliamsandJacquelineVaughn

Switzer.ThePlayofPower:AnIntroductiontoAmericanGovernment.New

YorkSt.Martin'sPress,1996.639pp.Tables,appendices,glossary,references,

index.ISBN0-312-13662-5,“'

TherearedozensofAmericanGovernmenttextbooksonthemarket,manyof

themveryrespectedandsuccessful,someevenregardedasclassicsintheir

umpteenth（无数次的）edition.Frequentlythereislittlethatdistinguishesone

fromanother,otherthananidiosyncratic（特殊的）"conceptualframework,"

thenumberandkindsofgraphics,boxes,andphotos,orthepackageof

ancillary（辅助的）materialsavailabletotheadopter.ThePlayofPower:An

IntroductiontoAmericanGovernmentistypicalofthestandardAmerican

Governmenttextbookonthemarket.Itprovidesbalancedcoverageof

politicalandconstitutionalhistory,Americanpoliticalinstitutionsand

processes,andpoliticalparticipation.Thisbasicversiondoesnotinclude

separatechaptersonpublicpolicy,butmanypolicyissuesareaddressedin

thecoverageofthecongress,thepresidency,thebureaucracy,thecourts,and

interestgroups.

Thechaptersareorganizedinalogicalsequencebuttheyarewrittensothat

theymaybeusedinanalternativesequenceifaninstructorwouldsodesire.

Thewritingstyle,isverystraightforwardandnotunnecessarilyacademicand

jargonistic.Thetoneisrespectfulofstudentsandtheirexperiencesand,

despitemultipleauthors,itremainsconsistentthroughoutthetext.

ThereareanumberoffeaturesofThePlayofPowerthatmakeitattractive

andthatmakeitoneofthetextbooksthatIhaveusedwithsatisfactionfor

severalyears.Asissuggestedbythetitle,theauthorsdescribepoliticsasa

gameofpowerplayedbymanyplayers,thoughtheirsisnotanapplicationof

formalgametheoriestopolities.Instead,theyaskstudentstothinkofa

numberoffamiliargames,likebasketballorMonopoly(强手棋)，andthe

waysthattherules,strategies,andresourcesshapehowplayersgoabout

pursuingtheirgoalsandwithwhateffect.Theauthorsinvitestudents,then,

tolookatpolitiesasagame一a"grand"gamewithsometimesdeadly

consequences-thatisshapedbycertainrules(somefoundinthe

Constitution),thatisplayedbymanyplayers(politicians,voters,organized

interests,etc.)whobringvariousandun-equalresources(money,status,

connections,etc.)tothegame,andwhowinvariousmaterialandsymbolic

outcomes.The"gameofpolitics"metaphorissometimesdifficulttosustain

throughoutthecoverageofmanytopics,butitprovidesauseful

organizationalframework.Itdashessomeoftheidealisticnotionsof

Americangovernmentandpoliticsthatstudentsmayhavepickedupinhigh

schoolcivicsclasses,aswellasthemorecynicalnotionsthattheypickupin

thepopularmedia.Intheend,Ithinkitisusefulinhelpingstudentsmake

senseofwhogetswhat,andhow,aswellaswhodoeswhat,andwhy—and

withwhatsuccess.

AnotherattractivefeatureofThePlayofPowerisaserious,consistent,and

ultimatelysuccessfulefforttodrawonstudents'ownexperiencetouncover

therelevanceofpoliticsandgovernment.Theauthorscompareandcontrast

politicalissuesanddilemmastostudentissues,tostudentrelationshipsamong

themselves,withtheuniversity,withtheirparents,andwithlocalgovernment.

Thishelpsstudentsseetherule-makingandchoice-making,aswebasthe

tradeoffs(权衡)ofthepoliticalprocess.

TheauthorsofThePlayofPoweralsopallofffairlyeffectivelythechallenge

ofdescribingtherolesofminoritiesandwomeninAmericanpoliticalhistory

andcontemporarypolitics.Thishasbecomeanincreasinglycommon

undertakingforauthorsofAmericangovernmenttextbooks.Someauthors

weaveadiscussionofthese

A.YB.NC.NG

三、3.ListeningComprehension(10题)

21.(36)

A.Thereisdangerofaccidentsontheline.

B.Thereisnodangerofaccidentsontheline.

C.Theirspeedswillbeautomaticallyfixedbythecomputers.

D.Onetrainwillkeepasafedistancefromtheothertrains.

22.听力原文：M:Thedishisdelicious.Ineverknewthatyouaresogoodat

cooking.

W:Thanks.ButthecreditshouldgotoMary.Shepreparedeverything.Ifit

weren'tforher,I'dnevercook.Oh,pleasehavesomemore.

Q:Whatcanyouinferfromtheconversation?

(15)

A.Thewomanisanexcellentcook.

B.Thewomanisahousewife.

C.Maryhelpedalotincookingthedish.

D.Thewomanhasnevercookedbefore.

23.听力原文：W:Whereshallwespendourholidaysthisyear,Tom?Going

awayorstayingathome?

M:We'redefinitelygoingabroad,dear.ButIdon'tthinkwe'llgoawayinMay.

Idoubtifwe'llhaveenoughmoneysavedupbythen.

Q:Whycan'tthecouplegoabroadinMay?

(15)-

A.Becausetheyhavesomefinancialproblems.

B.BecausetheywillbemuchraininMay.

C.Becausetheywon'thavefreetimeinMay.

D.Becausetheycan'thaveeverythinggotreadybythen.

24.听力原文：M:Now,MissJones,youmayhavewonderedwhyIasked

youtocomesolate.Thefactis,I'dliketoseeyouinaction,sotospeak.

Wouldyousithereandtypeoutthesetworeportsformebeforetheendofthe

day?W:That'salright.

Q:WhydidthemanaskMissJonestodothetyping?

(19)

A.HeneededMissJonestoactashissecretary.

B.HeneededtokeepMissJonesbusyinaction.

C.Heneededtoconfirmifshewasqualifiedforthejob.

D.Heneededthetypedreportsbeforetheendoftheday.

25.听力原文：M:TodaysomanypeoplearetalkingaboutAIDS.IstheAIDS

epidemicveryseriousnow?

W:Oh,yeah.Tosaytheimpactonoursociety,thisdiseasewillbethemost

seriouspublic-healthproblemwearefacingnow.Onaglobalscale,it

threatenstounderminecountries,especiallyinAfrica.

M:Oh,it'ssoterrible?Whatdoyoumeanby"underminecountries"?

W:Itisaveryseriousdiseaseinthemiddleagesofthepopulation,sothatit

willgreatlyreducethenumberofpeoplecarryingoutthefunctionsofthe

society.InpartsofAfrica,it'shappeningalready.

M:WeknowthatAIDSismainlycausedbysexcontactandbloodexchange

ordrugabuse.Doyouthinkpeople'sbasicbehavior,canbealteredintimeto

stoptheAIDSepidemic?

W:Intimetohaveasignificantimpact,yes.Idon'tthinkwe'llbeperfect.

Peoplewillresponddifferently.ButforthehomosexualpopulationinSan

Francisco,therateofhomosexuallytransmitteddiseasesfelldramatically

whenaseriouseducationalprogramwasputinplace.Peoplewereobviously

willingtochangetheirbehavior,whentheyweremadetorealizehowsevere

arisktheyweretaking.

M:Whataboutgroupsnotyethardhit?Canthemessagegettothembefore

massivedeathoccurs?

W:Itiscertainlyhardertoreachpeoplewhentheydon'tseetheconsequence

ofwhatthey'redoingrightaroundthemorwhentheconsequenceisextremely

delayed.

M:Howcanwereachpeople?

W:Amassiveeducationalcampaignistheonlythingconceivableatthe

momentthatcanhelp.Toarguethatit'sdifficultandexpensiveandtherefore

weshouldn'tdoitwouldbeself-defeating.

(23)-

A.TheepidemicofAIDS.

B.ThetreatmentofAIDS.

C.ThetransmissionofAIDS.

D.TheimpactofAIDS.

26.听力原文：M:Areyousureyourememberthenameofthefilmyousaw

lastweek?

W:It'sjustonthetipofmytongue.

Whatdoesthewomansayaboutthefilm?

(13)

A.itishardtopronouncethename.

B.Itisnotgoingtobewellreceived.

C.Shehastemporarilyforgottenitsname.

D.Shehasneverheardofthename.

27.(28)

A.In1774.

B.In1765.

C.Intheseventeenthcentury.

D.Inthenineteenthcentury.

28.听力原文：W:Mike,I'msorry,butIhavetocalltotellyou...

M:What?

W:Thetruthis...Yourjobisnotsowelldone.

M:AreyoucertainIdidn'tperform,wellintheoffice?

W:Tom,you'vereceivedreprimandsseveralforlatenessandforusingwork

timeforprivatebusiness.Besides,youusethecompanycartodothingsfor

yourself.

M:IknowI'vebeenlatefortimes,formyhomeisalittlefarawayfromthe

company,andIhavetotravelovertwohourstoworkeverydayandsometimes

therearetrafficjams.I'mreallysorry.Forothers,youmayhavemywords:

theywon'thappenagain.

W:I'mafraidit'stoolate.Rightnow,yourtardinessistheleastofmy

problems.

M:Whatdoyoumean?

W:Youhavegoneagainstfileregulationssooften,andtheboardofdirectors

hasdecided.

M:Decidedwhat?Givingmemypinkslip?

W:Exactly.I'msorryithadtoturnoutthisway.You'refiredrightaway.

(20)''

A.Husbandandwife.

B.Bossandemployee.

C.Receptionistandcustomer.

D.Waiterandguest.

29.

[B3]

30.[Bl]

四、4.ReadingComprehension（ReadinginDepth）（3题）

31.

Theinfluencethatthereductionofyoungpeoplehashadoneconomymay

include.

A.theappearingofmassmarketcenteringtheyoung

B.theshiftofthemarketcenterfromthemiddle-agedtotheyoung

C.theincreaseofthepopulationwhogettoform,family

D.thetendencyforthemarkettosplitintotwo

32.SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,thereisashortpassagewith5questionsor

incompletestatements.Readthepassagecarefully.Thenanswerthequestions

orcompletethestatementsinthefewestpossiblewords.

Let'snowbrieflyconsideragenerallyhonoredbutsometimesmaligned（有

坏影响的）typeofscientist,thetheorist.Theoristsareconsideredseparately,

sincetheyaretherarest,mostfascinating,andmostimportantofthespecies

Scientificus.TheirmotivationalsystemmostoftenisthatofthePlayer,

althoughoccasionallyitisthatoftheOperator.

Althoughtheoristsareoftenviewedascold,rational,deliberatemachines,

theyaregenerallyalmosttheoppositeofthispopularpicture.Theyareusually

individualsofstrongfeelingswhohavetheego（自我）ofactorsandan

irrational,almostmysticattachmenttoparticularviewsoftheirdiscipline.

Theappearanceofcooldeliberationistheirpublicface,whichoften

representsonlytheirdisdain（轻蔑）forcontactwiththespectators.

Thereareimportantoccupationaldifferencesbetweentheoristsandother

scientists.Theoristssettheframeworkwithinwhichothersdotheirresearch.

Thoseotherthanthetheoristsdotheimportantworkoffillingindetailsof

existingtheories.Non-theoristsfulfillarelativelysafeandusefulfunction.

Theirworkcontributestosciencebutdoesnotthreatentheindividualscientist

unlessheorshehappenstoaccumulateevidencecontrarytothestatusquo.

Whatisthegeneralpersonalitymakeupoftheorists?Aretheynormal,

neurotic,orevenpsychotic?Theyrarelyfitthepatternofmiddle-class

normality,andyettheyareintenselyintouchwiththeirownreality.Perhaps

theydon'tfitanyoftheusualcategories.GeorgeBernardShawoncesaid,

"Thereasonablemanadaptshimselftotheworld;theunreasonableone

persistsintryingtoadapttheworldtohimself.Therefore,allprogress

dependsontheunreasonableman."Perhapshismessagewastotoleratethe

dissenters（反对者），thefaddists,thekooks（狂人），andingeneralthosewho

disagreewithwhatweknowarerightsolongastheydon'tbecometooviolent.

Toleratethem,notoutofanysenseofhumanitybutforcrassself-interest.A

fewofthemareinnovators,andsocietyneedstheminfinitelymorethanthey

needsociety.

Inreviewingallthegroupofscientistsandscience-trainedindividualswe

haveencountered,wefindarangeofindividualsspreadoverthewhole

spectrumofhumanbehavior,butwithsomeimportantcommon

characteristics.Scientistsareneithersupermennornaivechildren.Theyare

notfoggilyabsent-mindedorunrealistic;rather,manyofthethingsthey

considerimportantandrealareoftenquitedifferentfromthoseofthe

"everyday"world.

Bydescribingtheoristsascold,rational,deliberatemachines,theauthor

intendstoimplythattheoristsareactuallyindividualsof.

33.SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,thereisashortpassagewith5questionsor

incompletestatements.Readthepassagecarefully.Thenanswerthequestions

orcompletethestatementsinthefewestpossiblewords.

Tosaythatthechildlearnsbyimitationandthatthewaytoteachistoseta

goodexampleoversimplifies.Nochildimitates（模仿）everyactionhesees.

Sometimes,theexampletheparentwantshimtofollowisignoredwhilehe

takesovercontrarypatternsfromsomeotherexamples.Thereforewemust

turntoamoresubtletheorythan"Monkeysee,monkeydo."

Lookatitfromthechild'spointofview.Hereheisinanewsituation,lacking

areadyresponse.Heisseekingaresponsewhichwillgaincertainends.Ifhe

lacksareadyresponseforthesituation,andcannotreasonoutwhattodo,he

observesamodelwhoseemsabletogettherightresult.Thechildlooksfor

anauthority（权威）orexpertwhocanshowwhattodo.

Thereisasecondelementatworkinthissituation.Thechildmaybeableto

attainhisimmediategoalonlytofindthathismethodbringscriticismfrom

peoplewhoobservehim.Whenshoutingacrossthehouseachieveshis

immediateendofdeliveringamessage,heistoldemphaticallythatsucha

racket（喧闹）isunpleasant,thatheshouldwalkintothenextroomandsayit

quietly.Thus,thedesiretosolveanyobjectivesituationisoverlaidwiththe

desiretosolveitproperly.Oneoftheearlythingsthechildlearnsisthathe

getssomeactionsandcriticizesothers.Ifoneistomaintainthesupportof

othersandhisownself-respect,hemustadoptresponseshissocialgroup

approves.

Infindingtrialresponses,thelearnerdoesnotchoosemodelsatrandom.He

imitatesthepersonwhoseemsagoodpersontobelike,ratherthanaperson

whosesocialstatushewishestoavoid.Ifthepupilwantstobeagoodviolinist,

hewillobserveandtrytocopythetechniquesofcapableplayers;whilesome

otherpersonmaymostinfluencehisapproachtobooks.

Admirationofonequalityoftenleadsustoadmireapersonasawhole,and

hebecomesanidentifyingfigure.Weusesomepeopleasmodelsoverawide

rangeofsituations,imitatingmuchthattheydo.Welearnthattheyare

dependableandrewardingmodelsbecauseimitatingthemleadstosuccess.

Howdoesachildlearntogrowupaccordingtotheauthor?

五、5.ErrorCorrection©题）

34.

[S6]

35.

[S2]

36.

[S4]

六、6.ErrorCorrection©题）

37.[SI]

38.

[S2]

39.

[S9]

参考答案

1.NatureorNurture?Todaythewayweconsiderhumanpsychologyand

mentaldevelopmentisheavilydeterminedbythegeneticsciences.Wenow

understandtheimportanceofinheritedcharacteristicsmorethaneverbefore.

Yetwearestillunabletodecidewhetheranindividual'spersonalityand

developmentaremoreinfluencedbygeneticfactors(nature)orbythe

environment(nurture).Researchrelatingtoidenticaltwinshashighlighted

howsignificantinheritedcharacteristicscanbeforanindividual'slife.But

whetherthesecharacteristicsareabletodevelopwithinthepersonalityofan

individualsurelydependsonwhetherthecircumstancesallowsucha

development.Itseemsthattheexperienceswehaveinlifeareso

unpredictableandsopowerfulthattheycanboostorover-rideother

influencesandthereseemstobeplentyofresearchfindingstoconfirmthis.

Myownviewisthatthereisnoonemajorinfluenceinaperson'slife.Instead

thetraitsweinheritfromourparentsandthesituationandexperiencesthat

weencounterinlifeareconstantlyinteracting.Itistheinteractionofthetwo

thatshapesaperson'spersonalityanddictateshowthatpersonalitydevelops.

Ifthiswerenottruewewouldbeabletopredictthebehaviorandcharacterof

apersonfromthemomenttheywereborn.InconclusionIdonotthinkthat

eithernatureornurtureisthemajorinfluenceonapersonbutthatbothhave

powerfuleffects.NatureorNurture?Todaythewayweconsiderhuman

psychologyandmentaldevelopmentisheavilydeteminedbythegenetic

sciences.Wenowunderstandtheimportanceofinheritedcharacteristicsmore

thaneverbefore.Yetwearestillunabletodecidewhetheranindividual's

personalityanddevelopmentaremoreinfluencedbygeneticfactors(nature)

orbytheenvironment(nurture).Research,relatingtoidenticaltwins,has

highlightedhowsignificantinheritedcharacteristicscanbeforanindividual's

life.Butwhetherthesecharacteristicsareabletodevelopwithinthe

personalityofanindividualsurelydependsonwhetherthecircumstances

allowsuchadevelopment.Itseemsthattheexperienceswehaveinlifeare

sounpredictableandsopowerful,thattheycanboostorover-rideother

influences,andthereseemstobeplentyofresearchfindingstoconfirmthis.

Myownviewisthatthereisnoonemajorinfluenceinaperson'slife.Instead,

thetraitsweinheritfromourparentsandthesituationandexperiencesthat

weencounterinlifeareconstantlyinteracting.Itistheinteractionofthetwo

thatshapesaperson'spersonalityanddictateshowthatpersonalitydevelops.

Ifthiswerenottrue,wewouldbeabletopredictthebehavior,andcharacter

ofapersonfromthemomenttheywereborn.Inconclusion,Idonotthink

thateithernatureornurtureisthemajorinfluenceonaperson,butthatboth

havepowerfuleffects.

2.ALettertoaFriendDearLilyIthasbeenalongtimesincewemetlasttime.

IlearnthatyouwillhavesomedaysoffinMay1stholiday.Whynotcometo

appreciatethebeautifulscenesinBeijing?AseverybodyknowsBeijingasa

cityofgreathistoricalsignificancehasneverlostitsattractionfortourists.

Tian'anmenSquaretheGreatWalltheSummerPalacetheTempleofHeaven

MingTombstheFragrantHill...IntheendlesslistofscenicspotsIstrongly

recommendyoupayavisittotheSummerPalace.Locatedonthenorthwest

outskirtsofBeijingithasbeenconsideredthebest-preservedimperialgarden

intheworld.TheLongevityHillandKunmingLakethemajorlandscapeof

thegardenharmoniouslycombineartificialandnaturalbeautyinto

picturesquescenery.Ibelieveyouwillbefascinatedbythefinelydecorated

buildingspavilionsbridgesandtowers.Travelingdoesbenefitusinmorethan

oneway.Howdoyouthinkofmysuggestion?Iamlookingforwardtoyour

reply.YourssincerelyLiFangALettertoaFriendDearLily,Ithasbeena

longtimesincewemetlasttime.Ilearnthatyouwillhavesomedaysoffin

May1stholiday.WhynotcometoappreciatethebeautifulscenesinBeijing?

Aseverybodyknows,Beijing,asacityofgreathistoricalsignificance,has

neverlostitsattractionfbrtourists.Tian'anmenSquare,theGreatWall,the

SummerPalace,theTempleofHeaven,MingTombs,theFragrantHill...In

theendlesslistofscenicspots,Istronglyrecommendyoupayavisittothe

SummerPalace.LocatedonthenorthwestoutskirtsofBeijing,ithasbeen

consideredthebest-preservedimperialgardenintheworld.TheLongevity

HillandKunmingLake,themajorlandscapeofthegarden,harmoniously

combineartificialandnaturalbeautyintopicturesquescenery.Ibelieveyou

willbefascinatedbythefinelydecoratedbuildings,pavilions,bridgesand

towers.Travelingdoesbenefitusinmorethanoneway.Howdoyouthinkof

mysuggestion?Iamlookingforwardtoyourreply.Yourssincerely,LiFang

解析：①审题及布局.这是篇书信体作文，主要目的是邀请朋友来北京

游玩。在布局上，注意英文书信格式，具体内容根据题目中给出的提纲

展开即可.第一段问候过后邀请对方来北京度假；第二段介绍北京的名

胜古迹，这是写作的重点，可以按条目列举景点，并选择一处着重推荐；

第三段说明旅行益处颇多，询问朋友看法，希望其回复。②语言。本文

是一篇写给朋友的书信，首尾两段语育应简洁、清晰，侧重于口语化.第

二段涉及风景的