2023年盐城市大丰区中考一模英语试题（含答案与解析）

2023年盐城市大丰区中考一模英语试题本试卷分为第I卷和第II卷两部分。全卷共120分,考试时间100分钟。第I卷(选择题,共65分)一、补全对话(共5小题,每小题2分,计10分)根据语境，从所给的选项中选出合适的选项填在横线上，选项中有一项为多余选项。Hi,Lucy．Areyoufreeafterschooltomorrow?I’dlikeyoutogotothecitylibrarywithme．I’mafaidIcan’t____1____Sure!FridayeveningisOK．Butisthereanythingspecialabouttomorrowevening?Yeah．Totellthetruth,Ireallydon’twanttomisstheliveshowofthe“ChineseBridge”Competition．Ihaven’theardanythingaboutit．____2____ItisaninternationalcompetitiontoencouragemoreyoungstudentsofvariouscountriestolearnChineselanguageandlearnaboutChina．Everycompetitionhasaspecialtheme．____3____Whatisthethemeofthecompetitionthisyear?LearningChinese,CreatingBrigherFuture!Sureitis．ChinesehasbecomeabridgetoconnectChinawiththerestoftheworld．____4____．Ican’tagreemore．WhenandwherecanIwatchit?Itisshownat17:30everyThursdayonHunanTVstation．____5____Solet’swaitandsee!A．Soundsgreat!B．Youdohaveapoint．C．Areyougoingtowatchit?D．Canyoutellmemoreaboutit?E．Ican’twaittoenjoythecharmofChinese．F．Howaboutthedayaftertomorrowinstead?二、完形填空(共15小题,每小题1分,计15分)阅读短文,从短文后所给四个选项A、B、C、D中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Ijumpeduphighintheairandlandedinthesandpit．“It’s3．55meters!”thereferee(裁判)announced．Theresultwasmybestbythen,butIwasnot___6___withit．Ihavebeencompetinginthelongjumpsinceprimaryschool．Soforme,Iwaslikelytosucceed．Butthistime___7___seemedfarfromme．Aftertryingseveraltimes,Ilostheartandwantedto___8___．AsIreachedthelastroundofthejump,myworryandself-doubtbuiltupinside．Itseemedthatallmy___9___hadbeenmeaningless．Istoodatthestartinglinewithmymindtotallyblank(空白的)andmyhands___10___．Afterhearingmyclassmates’cheersaroundme,Istartedrunning．Itriedusingmyarmsandshoulderstorunfaster,butmybodystartedtoshowsignsof___11___．Asthehighlightofthisterm,thislong-awaitedsportseventbecamemyWaterloo．___12___failurewasthelastthingIwanted．___13___mybestfriendscametocomfortme,Icouldn’tevensayaword．TheytoldmeIhaddoneagoodjobandthattheywere___14___me．Whattheysaidgavememuchconfidenceandthosewordswerelikewarm____15____,blowingawaythedarkcloudsinmyheart．Icometorealize,____16____thisexperience,thatfailureisthemostcommonthinginlife．Wemeetdifferentkindsoffailureseverywhere．Failuremakesusbetterunderstand____17____andourdisadvantages．Anditcanmakeusgetstrongerandstronger．That’sbecauseitnotonlyallowsustoget____18____fromit,butalsomakesusimproveourselves．What’smore,failureoffersusachanceto____19____ourbadfeelingswithfriends,whichcanhelptodevelopourfriendships．ThisiswhatI’velearnedinthelongjump．IfIencounter(遇见)anydifficultyinmylifelateron,Iwill____20____thinkofthisexperience．Withmyheadheldhigh,IthinkIwillfacetheproblemsaheadmorebravely．6．A．satisfied B．patient C．strict D．careful7．A．stress B．truth C．victory D．peace8．A．giveup B．stayup C．putup D．setup9．A．hopes B．efforts C．questions D．secrets10．A．warm B．dirty C．smart D．wet11．A．happiness B．sadness C．tiredness D．business12．A．Receiving B．Avoiding C．Refusing D．Accepting13．A．When B．Because C．Since D．Before14．A．angrywith B．worriedabout C．proudof D．crazyabout15．A．winds B．colours C．moods D．words16．A．without B．towards C．through D．against17．A．yourselves B．ourselves C．itself D．themselves18．A．classes B．subjects C．lessons D．items19．A．mix B．share C．compare D．exchange20．A．certainly B．comfortably C．highly D．heavily三、阅读理解(共20小题,每小题2分,计40分)(一)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项A、B、C、D中,选出最佳选项。(A)BEATTHEHEAT:ExtremeHeatHeat-relateddeathscanbeprevented．WHAT:Extremeheatorheatwaveshappenwhenthetemperaturereachesveryhighlevels．WHO:WHERE:HOWTOAVOID:21．Whichsituationisthemostdangerousaccordingtothematerial?A．Anoldmaninapark． B．Adisabledwomaninahouse．C．Achildinaclassroom． D．Anoutsideworkerataconstructionplace．22．Howtoavoidheat-relateddeathsaccordingtothematerial?①Drinkwater．②Staycool．③Goswimming．④Wearlight-colouredclothes．A．①②③ B．①②④ C．①③④ D．②③④23．Whichonecanshowtherelationshipbetweentimeandthetemperatureinacar?OutsideTemperature27℃A．B．C． D．(B)It’sapopularbeliefthatfishcan’trememberanythingforlongerthansevenseconds．Itmayseemsadtothinkthattheydon’trememberwhatthey’veeatenorwherethey’vebeen,andtheydon’tknowyouoranyoftheirfriends—everymomentintheirlifewouldbelikeseeingtheworldforthefirsttime．Butdon’tbesoquicktofeelsorryforthem．Arecentstudyhasfoundthatfishhavemuchbettermemoriesthanweusedtothink．Infact,certainkindsoffishcanevenremembereventsfromaslongas12daysago,BBCreported．Inthestudy,researchersfromMacEwanUniversityinCanadatrainedakindoffishcalledAfricancichlids（丽鱼科鱼）togotoacertainareaoftheirtank（鱼缸）togetfood．Theythenwaitedfor12daysbeforeputtingthembackinthetankagain．Thissuggestedthattheycouldremembertheirpastexperiences．Researchersusedcomputersoftwaretowatchthefish’smovements．Theyfoundthataftersuchalongbreakthefishstillwenttothesameplacewheretheyfirstgotfood．Infact,scientistshadbeenthinkingforalongtimethatAfricancichlidsmighthaveagoodmemory．Anearlierstudyshowedthattheybehavedoffendedlyinfrontofcertainfish,perhapsbecausetheyrememberedtheirpastfights．Butuntilthelatestfindings,therewasnoclearevidence（证据）．“Iffishareabletorememberthatacertainareahassafefood,theywillbeabletogobacktothatareawithoutputtingtheirlivesindanger,”leadresearcherTrevorHamiltontoldLiveScience．24．Fromthefirstthreeparagraph,thewriterdevelopsthearticleby________．A．givingdifferentopinions B．makingasurveyC．showingthesamefeeling D．sharingsomestories25．Theunderlinedword“offendedly”hastheclosestmeaningto________．A．sadly B．madly C．silently D．properly26．WhatTrevorHamiltonsaidinthelastparagraphtellsus________．A．it’seasyforfishtofindaplacewithsafefoodB．it’sdangerousforfishtofightfortheirfriendsC．it’snecessaryforfishtoremembertheirhomeD．it’simportantforfishtohaveagoodmemory(C)“IwishIhadstraighthair”;“I’dliketobetaller”．Attimes,weallwanttolookabitmorelikesomeoneelse．However,thepicturesweseeonTVandsocialmediacangiveusimproperideasabouthowourbodies“should”look．Thetruthisthateverybodyisdifferent—andthat’sagoodthing．Acceptingandfeelinggoodaboutourbodiesisreallyimportantforourself-confidence．Bodyconfidenceiswhensomeoneacceptsandbehaveskindlytowardstheirbody．Thatincludesoursizeandshapeskincolor,appearanceandanyphysicaldisabilities．JadeParnellfromtheCentreforAppearanceResearch(CAR),saysthathavingbodyconfidenceis“aboutbeingacceptingofyourbodyandwhatitdoesforyou”．Ifyoufeelpositively(积极地)aboutyourbody,youaremorelikelytotakecareofit．Researchhasevenshownthatyouaremorelikelytotakepartinactivitiesandperformwellinschool．However,feelingagitatedaboutyourbodycouldmakeyoustepback,dolesswellatschoolandevenfeeldown．Parnellsaysthatthecostoftryingtoachievethe“perfect”appearanceishigh．Shesays,“Ifyou’respendingalotoftimetryingtolookacertainway,youwillhavelesstimetospendwithfriendsandtomakeimportantmemories．”It’simportanttorememberthateverybodyisdifferent．Todevelopapositivebodyimage,Parnellsays,“Trytotalkpositivelyaboutyourownbodyandotherpeople’sbodies．Trynottopaytoomuchattentiontoappearance．Instead,thinkaboutwhatyourbodydoesforyou;doyourlegsmakeyourunreallyfast?”Shealsosuggeststreatingyourbodywellbyeatingdifferentkindsoffoods,exercisingtofeelgoodandtohavefun,andgettingplentyofsleep．Rememberthatyouaremorethanhowyoulook．27．ThewriterthinksthatthepicturesonTVandsocialmedia________．A．areperfectforpeopletofollow B．mayspreadwrongideasoflooksC．implyeveryoneisdifferent D．showpeoplehowtobehavekindly28．JadeParnellwillagreethatyoushould________．A．acceptyourbodyasitis B．avoidtalkingaboutothers’bodiesC．spendmoremoneyonyourappearance D．rememberwhatyouusedtobelike29．Payingmuchattentiontoachievingthe“perfect”lookmayleadto________．A．havingmorewonderfulexperiences B．moretimeforlookingafterourbodyC．havingmorefunwithfriends D．lesstimeforsomethingmoreimportant30．Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?A．Toencouragereaderstotakemoreexercise． B．Toremindreadersnottoeattoomuchfood．C．Toleadreaderstobuildupbodyconfidence． D．Toadvisereaderstotreattheirfriendswell．(D)Now,theLawoftheJunglesaysthatifthereisadisagreementabouttherightofaman’scub(幼崽)tobepartofthePack(兽群),hemustbespokenforbyatleasttwomembersofthePackwhoarenothisfatherandmother．“Whospeaksforthisman’scub?”askedtheleaderofthewolfPackAkela．Therewasnoanswer．MotherWolfgotreadyforafight,herlastfight．Thereisonlyonenon-wolfallowedatthePackCouncil,asleepybrownbearcalledBaloo．BalooteachesthewolfcubstheLawoftheJungle．Heisacceptedbythewolvesbecauseheeatsonlynutsandrootsandhoney．NowBaloostooduponhishindquarters(后腿)andshouted．“Ispeakfortheman’scub．LethimrunwiththePack,andbecomepartofthePackwiththeothersIcanteachhimtheLawoftheJungle．”“Weneedanotherone,”saidAkela．“Baloospeaksfortheman’scub,andheistheteacherofouryoungcubs．WhospeaksbesidesBaloo?”Ablackshadowcameintothecircle．ItwasBagheera(美洲豹)theBlackPanther．EverybodyknewBagheera,andnobodywantedtomakehimangry．“Akela,andthewolfPack,”heshouted．“TheLawoftheJunglesaysthatacubcanbesavedifsomeonepaysapriceforhim．NowIcangiveyouonefatrecentlykilledbull,ifyouaccepttheman’scubaccordingtotheLaw．Isitdifficulttodecide?”Mowgli,theman’scub,wasstillveryinterestedinthestones,andhedidnotnoticewhenthewolvescameandlookedathimonebyone．Atlasttheyallcamedownthehillforthedeadbull,andonlyAkela,Bagheera,Baloo,andMowgli’swolffamilywereleft．ThetigerShereKhanroaredallnight．HewasangrybecausethewolvesacceptedMowgliinthePack．“Itwasagooddecision,”saidAkela．“Menandtheircubsareverywise．Hemaybeahelpintime．”“Yes,ahelpintimeofneed;fornoonecanhopetoleadthePackforever,”saidBagheera．“Takehimaway,”hesaidtoFatherWolf,“andteachhimliketheotherwolfcubs．”—FromMowgli’sBrothers31．Whospokefortheman’scubatlast?A．ShereKhanandAkela． B．MotherWolfandFatherWolf．C．BangheeraandBaloo． D．Mowgliandyoungwolves．32．HowdidBagheerahelpMowglitobeacceptedbythePack?A．Byteachinghimliketheotherwolfcubs． B．BygivingthePackonefatkilledbull．C．ByfightingwithwolvesandShereKhan． D．ByhelpingAkelakillthetigerShereKhan．33．WhywasthetigerShereKhanangry?A．BecausehereallywantedMowglitobeinthePack．B．BecausealltheanimalsinthePacklaughedathim．C．BecauseMowgliwasfinallyacceptedbythewolves．D．BecauseFatherWolfwantedtoaskhimtogoaway．34．Whichistherightorderofwhathappenedinthestory?①FatherWolftaughtMowglilikeotherwolfcubs．②Akelaaskedifanyonewouldspeakforthecub．③ThetigerShereKhanroaredallnightangrily④TheotherwolveslookedatMowglionebyone．⑤TheLawoftheJungleareacceptedbymostanimals．A．②④⑤③① B．⑤②③④① C．②⑤④③① D．⑤②④③①35．Whatcanweinfer(推断)accordingtothepassage?A．MowglimighthelpthewolfPacklater．B．BalootaughtthewolfcubstheLawoftheJungle．C．MotherWolfdidn’twanttokeeptheman’scub．D．EveryoneinthejunglewasafraidofShereKhan．阅读下面短文，将所缺信息还原，从短文后选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有一项为多余选项。HaveyoueverwatchedLiuGenghong’svideostodosomeexercise?Physicalexerciseisgoodforourmind,bodyandspirit．Today,workingoutthroughonlinevideosisbecomingverypopular．SincetheInternetiswidelyused,it’sveryeasyforustodoso．___36___Oneofmyfriends,LinFei,followedshortworkoutvideostododailyexercise．“Withliveprograms,Ifeellikeworkingoutwithmyfriends,whichencouragesmetoholdontothelastminute．”shesaid．___37___“IhaveafearofworkingoutatthegymbecauseIdon’tlikebeingwatchedbyothers．Workingoutathomemakesworkingoutmuchmoreenjoyable．”hesaid．___38___WhenItoldmyplantomyeldersister,aP．E．teacher,sheremindedmethatworkoutvideoscouldbehelpfulbutmightstillcarrysomeproblems．“Withoutbeingwithsomeoneinperson,youwillbelesswillingtoworkouttoyourbest．Workingoutatthegymallowsyoutohaveadviceinrealtimeandgetpushedharder．”mysistersaidtome．“Well,ifyoureallywanttohaveatry,first,chooseproperprogramsorvideos．That’sveryimportant．Andthenaskyourfriendsforadvice．___39___Anyway,don’tbeaddicted(沉迷的)toit．Youshouldtrydifferentwaystoworkouttobehealthy．”Athersuggestions,Ifinallyfollowedanonlineworkoutprogramwithpersonalizedhelpthatisheldforthreemonths．Afterthefirstperiodoftraining,IfeltitverypracticalandhelpfulwhenIputintherightamount(量)ofworkalongwithastrongwill．Comparedwithgoingtothegym,usingonlinevideostoworkoutisamuchcheaperandtime-savingchoice．___40___A．Withtheirexamples,Idecidedtogiveitatry．B．Thatmeanswecanworkoutanytimeanywhere．C．Fromthevideos,IcangetwhatIwanttogetmyhealthimproved．D．Theirexperiencescangiveyouagoodsightintowhatyoucanexpect．E．ButitcanbedifficultsometimeswhenI’mtoolazyortoobusytosticktoit．F．Anotherfriendofmine,Michael,toldmethatworkoutvideoslethimfeelsocomfortable．第II卷非选择题(共55分)四、词汇运用(共20小题,计25分)阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词或短语并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整，每个词或短语限用一次。bringhappytimeendhegladfindoutexampleinsteadofbuildIntheclosingyearsoftheSuiDynasty,aterriblefloodhappenedontheXiaoRiveroutsidethecityofZhaozhou．Thefloodbroughtdownalargestonebridge．Peoplehadrebuiltthebridgemany____41____．Butitwasstillwashedawayoverandoveragain．“What’swrongwithit?”LiChun,themostfamouslocalengineeratthattime,asked____42____．Heworkeddayandnightatthedrawingofthebridgeand____43____thatthestonesupports(支柱)couldn’tstandtheforceoftheflood．Oneday,anideacameintohismind!Hethoughtofbuildingbow-shapedarches(拱)____44____stonesupports．Andtherewouldbeonlyonebigarch,supportedateach____45____bytwosmallones．Whenfloodscame,thewaterswouldrunthroughthefoursmallarches,____46____littleinfluenceonthebridge．Hewasgreatlyexcitedbytheidea,anddanced____47____rightathisdesk．AnewZhaozhouBridge____48____．Itwassafeandbeautiful．ThelocalpeopleofZhaozhouwerevery____49____thattheproblemofthestonebridgewasfinallyworkedout．Now,thisgreatstonebridgewithahistoryofover1,300yearshasbecomeaclassical____50____ofChina’sarchedbridges．ItshowsthewisdomandcreativityoftheChinesepeople．根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整。每空限一词。Kevinisaspecialswimmer．Hetookriskstoswiminverycoldplacesbecausehewantedpeopletopayattentiontoenvironmentalp____51____．Asaboy,KevinvisitednationalparksandhelearnedtheEarthisinpoorcondition．Hefeltw____52____,andhewantedtoprotecttheEarth．In2009,hewenttoswiminwaternearNorthPoletodrawp____53____attentiontothemeltingglaciers(融化的冰川)．Kevinsaidthattheswimwassopainfulthatitwouldbehisl____54____timeswimmingincoldwater．In2016,heh____55____aboutalakeintheHimalayas(喜马拉雅山脉)．Itwasformedbymeltingglaciers．Hedecidedtoswimincoldwateragain．Itwasdifficulttoswiminthelake．Theairwass____56____thinthatitwashardtobreathe．Hetoldpeoplea____57____hisexperiencesonTV．HewantedpeopletoknowthatglaciersintheHimalayasaredisappearingbecauseofglobalwarmingandthatthere’sl____58____waterforpeopleinnearbycountrieslikeChina,India,andPakistan．FromKevin’sstory,welearntwolessons．WelearnthatpeoplecandoalotofharmtotheEarthw____59____realizingit．Also,welearnthatifwec____60____thewaywethink,wecandosomethingtoprotectourenvironment．Withthenewwayofthinkinginourminds,wecanenjoyabrightfuture．五、读写综合(计30分)阅读与回答问题。The2022BeijingWinterOlympicscametoanendsuccessfullyonthetwentiethofFebruarylastyear．Abeautifulpictureofwillowbranchesappearedattheclosingceremony．Theelegantdancersholdingshiningwillowbranchesgatheredonthestagetosaygoodbyetothefriendsafar．InancientChina,willowbrancheswereoftenusedasagifttofriendsandfamilymemberswhowouldleave．Doyouknowwhywillowbranchesareasymbolofsayinggoodbye?Onereasonisthatwillowtreesarestrong．Theycanliveinanysoil,wetordry,northorsouth．Becauseofthisspecialfeature,whensayinggoodbyetolovedones,givingawillowbranchisawaytotellthemyouhopetheywilleasilygetusedtotheirnewlivingenvironment．Anotherreasonisthat,inChinese,thepronunciationforthewillowtree“柳”issimilartothecharacter“留”．SogivingawillowbranchinancientChinawaslikeaskingtheotherstostay．It’ssaidthiscustombecamepopularduringtheHanDynasty．Atthattime,Baqiao,abridgeinChang’an,wasacommonplacetosaygoodbye．Peopleoftenstoppedthereandhandedwillowbranchestopeoplewhoaregoingtodepart．Willowbranches,asasymbolofsayinggoodbye,wereoftenmentionedinpoems,especiallyatthetimeoftheTangandSongdynasties．根据上面短文的内容回答问题（每小题答案不超过6个单词）。61．Whatappearedattheclosingceremonyofthe2022BeijingWinterOlympics?62．Wherecanwillowtreeslive?63．Howmanyreasonsarementionedinthepassageforexplanation?64．Whendidthecustombecomepopular?65．Whatcanyoulearnaboutwillowbranchesfromthepassage?（二）书面表达（共1题,计20分）66．阅读是语言学习的重要途径。请你结合下面的问题，以”HowreadingimprovesmyEnglish”为题，根据写作要求，用英语写一篇短文，向校刊的英语专栏投稿。Whatdoyouliketoread?InwhichwaysdoesreadinghelpyouimproveEnglish?…写作要求1．词数100词左右，开头已给，不计入总词数；2．文中不能出现真实姓名、校名等信息；3．语言通顺，意思连贯，可适当发挥。HowreadingimprovesmyEnglishReadingplaysanimportantroleinmyEnglishlearning．___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________参考答案1．F2．D3．A4．B5．E【解析】【导语】本文是一则对话，两人一起要去看“汉语桥”比赛。【1题详解】根据“Hi,Lucy．Areyoufreeafterschooltomorrow?I’dlikeyoutogotothecitylibrarywithme”以及“Sure!FridayeveningisOK．”可知明天放学后不行，但是星期五晚上可以，选项F“后天怎么样？”符合语境，故选F。【2题详解】根据“Ihaven’theardanythingaboutit”可知此处希望对方给自己介绍一下，选项D“你能多告诉我一些吗？”符合语境，故选D。【3题详解】根据“ItisaninternationalcompetitiontoencouragemoreyoungstudentsofvariouscountriestolearnChineselanguageandlearnaboutChina．Everycompetitionhasaspecialtheme．”可知此处是对于对方的介绍的评价，选项A“听起来太棒了！”符合语境，故选A。【4题详解】根据“Sureitis．ChinesehasbecomeabridgetoconnectChinawiththerestoftheworld．”以及“Ican’tagreemore．”可知是指非常同意对方的说法，选项B“你说得有道理。”符合语境，故选B。【5题详解】根据“WhenandwherecanIwatchit?”以及“Solet’swaitandsee!”可知自己迫不及待要去看了，选项E“我迫不及待地想欣赏汉语的魅力。”符合语境，故选E。6．A7．C8．A9．B10．D11．C12．D13．A14．C15．A16．C17．B18．C19．B20．A【解析】【导语】本文主要讲述了作者在一次跳远中由于紧张失败了，朋友给了他很大的鼓励并从这次经历中明白了失败的意义。【6题详解】句意：截止到现在，这个结果是最好的，但是我对它并不满意。satisfied满意的；patient有耐心的；strict严格的；careful小心的。由“Theresultwasmybestbythen”可知这个结果是最好的，但“but”表转折，说明作者并不认为是最好的，即对自己的结果并不满意，故选A。【7题详解】句意：但是这一次，胜利似乎离我很遥远。stress压力；truth真相；victory胜利；peace和平。根据前一句“Soforme,Iwaslikelytosucceed．”可知对作者来说是有可能成功的，但“but”表转折，说明作者担心这次不一定成功，故选C。【8题详解】句意：经过数次的尝试，我失去了信心，想要放弃。giveup放弃；stayup熬夜；putup张贴；setup建立。由“lostheart”失去信心可知，作者想要放弃，故选A。【9题详解】句意：好像我所有的努力都没有意义。hopes希望；efforts努力；questions问题；secrets秘密。根据前一句“AsIreachedthelastroundofthejump,myworryandself-doubtbuiltupinside．”当我跳到最后一圈的时候，忧虑和自我怀疑在心里堆积。可知作者此刻没有信心，觉得自己的所有努力都白费了。故选B。【10题详解】句意：我站在起跳线上，脑子一片空白，手心发汗。warm温暖的；dirty脏的；smart聪明的；wet湿的。根据“mymindtotallyblank”我头脑一片空白和前一句“myworryandself-doubtbuiltupinside”内心充满忧虑和自我否定可知作者的手心发汗，非常紧张，故选D。【11题详解】句意：我试着用胳膊和肩膀让自己跑得更快些，但我的身体开始表现出疲惫的信号。happiness幸福；sadness悲伤；tiredness疲惫；business生意。由前半句“Itriedusingmyarmsandshoulderstorunfaster”可知作者想跑得快，但“but”表转折，说明身体并没有所想那样给力，“tiredness”符合情景，故选C。【12题详解】句意：接受失败是我最不想要的。Receiving收到；Avoiding避免；Refusing拒绝；Accepting接受。根据前一句“Asthehighlightofthisterm,thislong-awaitedsportseventbecamemyWaterloo．”可知期待已久的比赛成了作者的滑铁卢，失败是他不愿意接受的，故选D。【13题详解】句意：当我最好的朋友过来安慰我时，我甚至没有说一句话。When当……的时候；Because因为；Since自从；既然；Before在……之前。由前一句可知作者失败了，所以当朋友宽慰他时，他没有说一句话，故选A。【14题详解】句意：他们告诉我我已经做的很好了，他们为我感到骄傲。beangrywith生……的气；beworriedabout担心；担忧；beproudof对……骄傲；becrazyabout对……疯狂。由前半句“TheytoldmeIhaddoneagoodjob”他们说我做的很好了，可知他们为作者感到自豪，故选C。【15题详解】句意：他们说的话给了我很大的信心，这些话就像暖风一样，吹走了我心中的乌云。winds风；colours颜色；moods心情；words话语。根据后半句的“blowingaway”吹走，可知这些话就像暖风一样，故选A。【16题详解】句意：通过这次经历，我开始意识到失败是生活中最常见的事情。without没有；towards朝向；through通过；against反对。根据“Icometorealize,．．．thisexperience,thatfailureisthemostcommonthinginlife．”可知通过这次比赛，作者意识到失败是生活里的常事，故选C。【17题详解】句意：失败让我们更好的了解自己和自己的缺点。yourselves你自己；ourselves我们自己；itself它自己；themselves他们自己。根据“ourdisadvantages”和“and”表并列，可知“understandourselves”了解我们自己，故选B。【18题详解】句意：那是因为它不仅让我们从中学到东西，而且还能够提升我们自己。classes课；subjects科目；lessons教训；items物品。根据前一句“Anditcanmakeusgetstrongerandstronger．”失败能让我们变得越来越强大，可知我们能从失败中得到教训，学到东西，故选C。【19题详解】句意：更重要的是，失败给我们提供了一个机会去和朋友分享我们的坏情绪，这有助于发展我们的友谊。mix混合；share分享；compare比较；exchange交换，交流。根据上文的“mybestfriendscametocomfortme”和“TheytoldmeIhaddoneagoodjob”可知当我们遇到失败时，朋友在我们身边，我们可以和朋友倾诉我们的坏情绪。故选B。【20题详解】句意：如果我之后在生活里遇到任何困难，我肯定会想到这次经历。certainly当然，肯定；comfortably舒服地；highly极度，非常；heavily沉重地。根据“ThisiswhatI’velearnedinthelongjump．”可知这次比赛对作者影响很大，让他明白了失败的意义，所以下次再遇到失败，作者当然会想到这次经历，故选A。21．D22．B23．C【解析】【导语】本文主要讲述了一些防暑知识。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据WHO中“Outsideworkers”及WHERE中“Constructionplaces”可知，施工场所的户外工作者是中暑风险最大的。故选D。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据HOWTOAVOID中的内容可知，喝足够的水，保持凉爽及穿浅色衣服能够避免中暑，即①②④。故选B。【23题详解】推理判断题。根据图中提到的三个时间可知，时间越长，车内温度越高，且由“Timepassed:20minutes”可知，20分钟的时候，车内温度是43度，选项C符合。故选C。24．A25．B26．D【解析】【导语】本文通过实验证明鱼的记忆比人们想象的要更久。【24题详解】推理判断题。根据“theydon’trememberwhatthey’veeatenorwherethey’vebeen,andtheydon’tknowyouoranyoftheirfriends”可知，第一段通过陈述不同的观点来引出本文主题，故选A。【25题详解】词义猜测题。根据“Anearlierstudyshowedthattheybehavedoffendedlyinfrontofcertainfish,perhapsbecausetheyrememberedtheirpastfights”可知，它们在某些鱼类面前表现得很无礼，可能是因为它们记得过去的争斗，所以划线词语与madly同义，故选B。【26题详解】推理判断题。根据“Iffishareabletorememberthatacertainareahassafefood,theywillbeabletogobacktothatareawithoutputtingtheirlivesindanger”可知，如果鱼能够记住某个区域有安全的食物，它们就能回到那个区域，而不会有生命危险，由此可推知鱼的记忆力好是很重要的，故选D。27．B28．A29．D30．C【解析】【导语】本文主要介绍了身体自信的积极影响，并引导读者建立身体信心。【27题详解】细节理解题。根据“However,thepicturesweseeonTVandsocialmediacangiveusimproperideasabouthowourbodies‘should’look．”可知，我们在电视和社交媒体上看到的图片可能会给我们传递错误的外貌观念。故选B。【28题详解】细节理解题。根据“JadeParnellfromtheCentreforAppearanceResearch(CAR),saysthathavingbodyconfidenceis‘aboutbeingacceptingofyourbodyandwhatitdoesforyou’．”可知，JadeParnell认为要接受自己的身体原本的样子。故选A。【29题详解】细节理解题。根据“Ifyou’respendingalotoftimetryingtolookacertainway,youwillhavelesstimetospendwithfriendsandtomakeimportantmemories．”可知，把太多的精力放在追求“完美”的外表上，可能会导致花在更重要的事情上的时间更少。故选D。【30题详解】主旨大意题。根据“Acceptingandfeelinggoodaboutourbodiesisreallyimportantforourself-confidence．”并结合全文内容可知，文章讲述了身体自信对于我们的积极影响，所以这篇文章的主要目的是引导读者建立身体信心。故选C。31．C32．B33．C34．D35．A【解析】【导语】本文节选自《莫格利的兄弟》，讲述了狼群接受莫格利的过程。【31题详解】细节理解题。根据“Baloostooduponhishindquarters(后腿)andshouted．”、“Ispeakfortheman’scub．”、“EverybodyknewBagheera,andnobodywantedtomakehimangry．”和“TheLawoftheJunglesaysthatacubcanbesavedifsomeonepaysapriceforhim．”可知，Bangheera和Baloo为幼崽说话了。故选C。【32题详解】细节理解题。根据“NowIcangiveyouonefatrecentlykilledbull,ifyouaccepttheman’scubaccordingtotheLaw．”可知，Bagheera给了兽群一头肥牛。故选B。【33题详解】细节理解题。根据“ThetigerShereKhanroaredallnight．HewasangrybecausethewolvesacceptedMowgliinthePack．”可知，因为Mowgli最终被狼群接受了。故选C。【34题详解】细节理解题。根据“Now,theLawoftheJunglesaysthatifthereisadisagreementabouttherightofaman’scub(幼崽)tobepartofthePack(兽群),hemustbespokenforbyatleasttwomembersofthePackwhoarenothisfatherandmother．”可知，如果人类幼崽想加入兽群，必须要有至少两名兽群成员替他说话，说明丛林法则被大多数动物所接受，⑤排第一，排除A和C；根据“Mowgli．．．andhedidnotnoticewhenthewolvescameandlookedathimonebyone．Atlasttheyallcamedownthehillforthedeadbull”和“ThetigerShereKhanroaredallnight．HewasangrybecausethewolvesacceptedMowgliinthePack．”可知，狼一只接一只过来看他，最后都走向了死去的肥牛，老虎看到狼群接受了Mowgli，所以很生气，整晚在生气地咆哮，所以④排在③之前，排除B。故选D。【35题详解】推理判断题。根据“Menandtheircubsareverywise．Hemaybeahelpintime．”和“Yes,ahelpintimeofneed”可知，Mowgli以后可能会帮助狼群。故选A。36．B37．F38．A39．D40．E【解析】【导语】本文主要介绍了通过网络视频进行锻炼变得越来越流行，作者通过朋友的事例及自己姐姐的建议也进行了尝试，并取得了一定的效果。但是太懒或太忙的时候，坚持下去也很困难。【36题详解】根据空前“SincetheInternetiswidelyused,it’sveryeasyforustodoso．”可知互联网的广泛运用，使得我们可以随时随地跟着网络视频进行健身；B选项“这意味着我们可以随时随地锻炼。”符合。故选B。【37题详解】根据空后“‘IhaveafearofworkingoutatthegymbecauseIdon’tlikebeingwatchedbyothers．．．．’hesaid．”可知，此处是介绍另一个朋友的情况；F选项“我的另一个朋友迈克尔告诉我，健身视频让他感觉很舒服。”符合。故选F。【38题详解】根据空后“WhenItoldmyplantomyeldersister,aP．E．teacher．．．”及上文可知，有了朋友们案例，作者决定尝试跟着视频进行锻炼，并把计划告诉自己的姐姐；A选项“有了他们的例子，我决定试一试。”符合。故选A。【39题详解】根据空前“Andthenaskyourfriendsforadvice．”可知，要向朋友们寻求建议，因为他们的经历会很有帮助；D选项“他们的经历可以让你清楚地看到你所期待的东西。”符合。故选D。【40题详解】根据空前“Comparedwithgoingtothegym,usingonlinevideostoworkoutisamuchcheaperandtime-savingchoice．”可知，与去健身房相比，使用在线视频锻炼是一个更便宜、更节省时间的选择，但是能否坚持下来取决于个人；E选项“但是当我太懒或者太忙而无法坚持的时候，这可能会很困难。”符合。故选E。41．times42．himself43．foundout44．insteadof45．end46．bringing47．happily48．wasbuilt49．glad50．example【解析】【导语】本文主要讲述了赵州桥的历史。【41题详解】句意：人们曾多次重建这座桥。根据“Peoplehadrebuiltthebridge”和备选词汇可知，人们多次重建大桥，many后接名词复数，故填t