英美概况英文课件英国宗教

Chapter

4ReligionPart

OneBritish

ReligionLearning

FocusThe

Church

of

EnglandPuritanismReligious

“Roller

Coaster”British

Literature

and

the

BibleReligion

and

EducationReligions

and

ValuesIntroduction

to

British

and

American

Culture•

在英国，每个人都享有宗教自由，因此，在英国各中心地区也形成了多种不同的宗教信

仰蓬勃发展的局面。英国有两个“官方的”教堂：即英格兰教堂［英国圣公教会］和苏格兰教堂［长老教派］，除此之外，各种不同的宗教和数不胜数的教派在英国都可以找到自己的代表。绝大多数的英国人都信奉基督教，尽管当前去教堂做礼拜的信徒人数并不多，每周大约只有110万人。穆斯林是英国国内最大的非基督教团体［超过150万人］，此外，佛教、印度教、锡克教和犹太教也拥有大量的信徒，而且数量还在不断增长。•

悠远而多元化的宗教历史在英国的另一个产物就是遍布英国各地令人叹为观止的教堂、寺

院和修道院建筑。格拉斯敦伯雷修道院，是以往凯尔特举行宗教活动的地方，曾经在亚瑟王的传奇故事中扮演过重要的角色；坎特伯雷大教堂的戏剧色彩也非常浓厚，相传圣奥古斯汀于公元

597年从罗马来到英国传福音，五年之后，他主持修建了坎特伯雷大教堂。有很多个性鲜明的历史人物都脱胎于英国的宗教历史，其中包括在英国发动新教改革的亨利八世、充满神秘色彩的圣帕特里克，现在每年世界各地都庆祝他的节日；以及大名鼎鼎的罗宾汉传奇故事中十二世纪时的狮心王里察德等等。基督宗教约占71.6%总人口。伊斯兰教：约占2.7%总人口。印度教：约占1%总人口。其他:约占1.4%总人口。不明/没有宗教人士约占23.1%总人口近年来基督教信徒在英国有下滑趋势。Before

You

ReadWarm-upWhat

is

the

state

church

in

the

U.K.?When

do

people

normally

go

to

church?Was

Shakespeare

influenced

by

the

Bible?Is

Oxford

a

religious

university?Introduction

to

British

and

American

CultureReligious

FreedomIntroduction

to

British

and

American

CultureThe

Protestant

ChurchChristianityIslamThe

Catholic

ChurchHinduismBuddhismThe

Church

of

EnglandBritish

State

ChurchThe

Church

of

EnglandPositionThe

most

important

denomination

in

theU.K.

;

the

established

church

of

the

U.K..Head

of

the

churchQueen

Elizabeth

IISpiritual

leaderThe

Archbishop

of

CanterburyPolitical

functionMany

senior

church

officials

also

sit

in

thHouse

of

LordsArchbishop

ofCanterburyIntroduction

to

British

and

American

CultureTime

of

establishment16th

Century

in

the

ReformationFeatureBoth

Catholic

and

ProtestantRoleMany

members

are

involved

in

a

widerange

of

public

bodies.

It

has

the

mostfollowers

of

any

denomination

in

Britaintoday.More

than

16,000

churches42

cathedralsChrist

Church,

Dore,Sheffield,

EnglandThe

Church

of

EnglandIntroduction

to

British

and

American

CultureThe

Roman

Catholic

ChurchDry

A..How

did

it

come

to

the

U.K.?The

Roman

Empire

left

it

in

the

5th

centuafter

the

conquest

in

the

British

Isles

What

is

the

landmark

of

its

establishment?The

first

church

built

in

Canterbury

in

597.When

did

it

reach

its

height?In

the

Middle

Ages.Introduction

to

British

and

American

CultureThe

Roman

Catholic

Church

How

many

catholic

people

are

there

in

the

U.K.?About

6

million

people.

How

many

catholic

provinces

are

there

in

theU.K.?Eight

Catholic

provinces.

Where

is

the

central

placeof

worship?Westminster

Cathedralin

London.Interior

of

Westminster

CathedralIntroduction

to

British

and

American

CultureThe

Protestant

Churchand

PuritanismThe

ReformationMartin

Luther

led

thebreakaway

from

the

RomanCatholic

Church

in

1517.

Theycalled

themselves“Protestants”

because

theywere

protesting

against

theteachings

and

customs

of

theRoman

Catholic

Church.Introduction

to

British

and

American

CultureThe

Protestant

Churchand

PuritanismIntroduction

to

British

and

American

CultureTudor

Religious

“Roller

Coaster”Introduction

to

British

and

American

CultureTudor

Religious

“RollerCoaster”Monarch

Henry

Edwards

VIII

VIMary

IThe

RomanCatholicChurchLanguages

of

theBibleEnglishEnglishEnglish

&LatinLanguages

of

theservicesLatinLatinEnglish

&LatinMarriage

ofpriestsNoYesYesTheProtestantReligionsChurch

ofEnglandTheProtestantChurchElizabeth

ITheChurch

ofEnglandLatinEnglishNoIntroduction

to

British

and

American

CultureWorshipDefinition:Worship

is

a

form

of

Christian

service

that

people

attend

ichurches.Services:Prayers,

singing,

Bible

reading,

a

sermon••••Time:

on

SundaysPlaces:

abbeys,

chapels,

churchesOccasions:

new

births,

marriages,

deathsCeremonies:

baptisms,

weddings,

funeralsIntroduction

to

British

and

American

CultureBritish

Literatureand

the

Bible

Famous

British

writers

havebeen

influenced

by

the

Bible:Old

Testament

and

the

NewTestamentShakespeareThe

Merchant

of

VeniceKing

LearSonnetsJohn

MiltonParadise

LostParadise

RegainedIntroduction

to

British

and

American

CultureChristian

ArchitectureIntroduction

to

British

and

American

CultureReligion

and

British

EducationOne

of

the

purposes

of

setting

up

a

university

in

theold

times

was

to

serve

the

church.Oxford

University:In

the

12th

century,

an

educational

center

of

thechurches.Until

1870,

only

Anglicans

were

admitted.Nowadays,6

religious

permanent

private

halls;Many

Colleges

have

Christian

names,

such

asChrist

Church,

Jesus

College

and

Trinity

College.Most

of

the

colleges

have

their

own

chapels

andchurches.Introduction

to

British

and

American

CultureReligion

and

British

EducationThe

Church

of

England

schools:Students:

around

one

millionState

schools:

4,660Quality:

70%

positiveIntroduction

to

British

and

American