小升初音标学生版

音标

入门测一、选出下列单词划线部分发音与所给音标不相同的一项。/ə/A．nurse B．mother C．worker D．sister2．/aʊ/A．now B．yellow C．cow D．brown3./j/A．yes B．yellow C．fly D．you4./eɪ/A．make B．Kate C．cake D．bad5./i:/A．tree B．green C．read D．bread6./ɪə/A．near B．dear C．where D．here7./ɪ/A．little B．find C．gift D．swim/ʌ/A．sun B．cup C．money D．ruler/ð/A．three B．there C．that D．this10./ʊ/A．cook B．book C．good D．room二、选出单词与对应的音标。（1）meet A.[hɔ：s]（2）horse B.[buk]（3）two C.['brʌðə]（4）book D.[mi：t]（5）brother E.[tu：]三、选出下列句子中画线部分的音标，将序号填线上。A./ʌ/B./j/C./i/D./aɪ/（1）Therei____s some milk in the fri____dge.（2）Rubber du___ck likes su___nny weather.（3）They____oung girl wears ay___ellow dress at the NewY___ear party.（4）Lili li___kes eatingi___ce creams and ri____ding bi___kes.知识点讲解：音标及字母【课前热身】读读下面的绕口令，看谁读得最好Bettybeatabitofbuttertomakeabetterbutterbread.贝蒂敲打一小块黄油要做一块更好的奶油面包。TedsentFredtenhensyesterdaysoFred’sfreshbreadisreadyalready.特德昨天给弗莱德送去了十只母鸡，所以弗莱德的新面包已经准备好了。一、关于语音的几个概念:1.音素:音的最小单位,英语中有48个音素.2.音节:由元音和辅音构成的发音单位.3.元音:发音响亮,是乐音,口腔中气流不受阻碍,是音节的主要组成部分.英语中有20个元音.4.辅音:发音不响亮,是噪音,口腔中气流受到阻碍,不是音节的重要组成部分,英语中有28个辅音.二、48个国际音标：（1）元音（20个）

5个长元音：/ɑ:/

:car/arm/class/fast/ɔ:/:ball/four/walk/

ɜ:/:her/girl/early/i:/

:eat/tea/me/u:/:

two/school/food

7个短元音

：/ʌ/：up/bus/love/ɒ/ ：hot/lot/what/ə/：teacher/father/after/ɪ/：it/is/pig/ʊ/：look/good/book /e/：bed/elephant/yes/æ/：apple/happy/bag8个双元音

：/eɪ/:say/day/name/aɪ/:like/nine/five/ɔɪ/:oil/toy/boy/əʊ/:go/no/coat/aʊ/:out/now/how/ɪə/:deer/ear/dear /eə/:pear/there/air /ʊə/:sure （2）辅音（28个）

10个清辅音：/p/

/

t/

/

k/

/f/

/θ/

/s/

/ʃ/

/

h/

/ts/

/tʃ/

/tr/

pigtwocakefishthreesingshehairstudentspeachtree10个浊辅音

：/b/

/d/

/g/

/v/

/ð/

/z/

/ʒ/

/

r/

/dz/

/dʒ/

/dr/

bigdaddogverywithzoomeasurered

handsorangedrink3个鼻音：

/m/

/n/

/ŋ/

milknoseking

2个半元音：

/

j//

w/

yeswater1个边音

：/

ǀ/lemon三、26个字母概述：英语共有26个字母,这26个字母可以组成千千万万个单词,英语字母是学习英语的基础。2.在26个英文字母中，元音字母：Aa

Ee

Ii

Oo

Uu

半元音字母；其他为辅音字母

。3.26个英文字母及发音音标如下:

Aa

/ei/

Bb

/bi:/

Cc

/si:/

Dd

/di:/

Ee

/i:/

Ff

/ef/

Gg

/d3i:/

Hh

/eit∫/

Ii

/ai

/

Jj

/d3ei/

Kk

/kei/

Ll

/el/

Mn

/em/

Nn

/en/

Oo

/əu/

Pp

/pi:/

Qq

/kju:/

Rr

/a:/

Ss

/es/

Tt

/ti:/

Uu

/ju:/

Vv

/vi:/

Ww

/dʌblju:/

Xx

/eks/

Yy

/wai/

Zz

/zed/

/zi:/

以上我们可以看出,英语字母中有一些含有共同的元音音素.如:

1)含元音音素[ei]

字母:

Aa

Hh

Jj

Kk

音标:

/ei/

/eit∫/

/d3ei/

/kei/

2)

含元音音素[i:]

字母:

Bb

Cc

Dd

Ee

Gg

Pp

Tt

Vv

Zz

音标:

/bi:/

/si:/

/di:/

/i:/

/d3i:/

/pi:/

/ti:/

/vi:/

/zi:/

3)

含元音音素[e]

字母:

Ff

Ll

Mm

Nn

Ss

Xx

Zz

音标:

/ef/

/el/

/em/

/en/

/es/

/eks/

/zed/

4)

含元音音素[ju:]

字母:

Uu

Qq

Ww

音标:

/ju:/

/kju:/

/dʌblju:/

5)

含元音音素[ai]

字母:

Ii

Yy

音标:

/ai/

/wai/

【小试牛刀】1、将下列发音与音标连线footfoodgoodgoosegreatrabbit/fu:d//fʊt//greɪt//gʊd//ræbɪt//gu:s/四、认识下面人体部位并试着自己进行拼读1.eye

/ai/

眼睛

2.nose/nəuz/

鼻子

3.tooth

/tuθ/

牙齿

4.mouth

/maʊθ/

嘴巴

5.tongue/tʌŋ/

舌头6.hair/heə/

头发

7.ear/ɪə/

耳朵8.face/feis/脸9.head/hed/

头10.hand/hænd/

手11.arm/ɑ:m/

手12.foot/fʊt/脚【小试牛刀】听老师口令，指出老师所讲身体部位音标读法及组合发音元音单元音：1)[i:]发音字母:eeeaeieeiee:threetreegreensheepmeetbeefseeea:eatteameatleaveteacherteammeanspeakcleanpleasee:heshemeie:pieceei:receive2)[ɪ]发音字母:iyei:sitpictureitislistsixpigbigbuildmissy:manytwentyhappydictionarye:decidedelicious3)[æ]发音字母:aa:baghandandanthappyhatmapblackbackgladflagman4)[e]发音字母:eaeaea:headbreadsweaterbreakfastheavypleasuree:elephantrememberselllessonbetterbeddeskhotelyesa:manyany5)[ɜ:]发音字母:irurearerorir:girlshirtskirtthirtythirteenthirdbirdur:turnburnmurdernurseturtlepurpleThursdayer:learnearlyearthhearder:termheror:workworkerwordworld6)[ə]发音字母:eroroaeurureer:teacherunderrememberplayerfathermotherfarmerafteror:doctoractorforgeto:togethertomorrowtodaylessonwelepolicemana:aroundaboutagoelephantawaybananaChinae:studentchildrenopendifferentur/ure:Saturdaypicture7)[ɑ:]发音字母:araar:carfarmcardarmgardenaska:fastclasslastglassaunt8)[ʌ]发音字母:uoouoou:upsupperlunchfunrunhuntcupbuso:emotherdosebrotherloveaboveou:troubleoo:bloodflood9)[ɔ:]发音字母:alarauorourooral:allsmallwalltalktallballcallwalkar:warmquarterau:daughterautumnor:shorthorseforfortysportdoorfloorstoreour:fouryouroor:doorfloor10)[ɒ]([ɔ])发音字母:oao:orangehotlostlotfoxboxhoplotnota:wantwhatwashwatch11)[u:]发音字母:ooouoo:toozoofoodschoolroomgoosetootho:whodotwotoshoewhoseu:truetruthbluefullruler12)[ʊ]发音字母:ooouuooo:lookgoodfootbookwoodou:shouldcouldwouldu:putfullpullpusho:womanwolf【单元音练习】一、将下列单词中发[i]这个音的字母划出来pig fishinfifteensixshipbeginbehindjacketbasketballrainythinhappyheavybusycarrysunnymoneylovelystudytwentythirtywindymonkey二、根据发音规则，圈出每组中划线的元音字母发音不相同的单词。1.A.sofa B.sit C.kick D.lip2.A.ink B.gift C.jam D.ship3.A.hand B.picture C.big D.sister4.A.hot B.pick C.pig D.bill三、根据发音规则，找出每组中不发[e]的单词。1.A.cat B.well C.leg D.pen2.A.sweater B.map C.pet D.elephant3.A.egg B.ten C.tall D.desk4.A.bread B.head C.bed D.toy四、找出下列没有相同发音的词。1.A.he B.feet C.bread D.green2.A.pig B.is C.dog D.ship3.A.thirty B.bird C.her D.food4.A.she B.big C.in D.money5.A.sweets B.fish C.teacher D.we6.A.tiger B.first C.work D.shirt7.A.tree B.bean C.clean D.chin8.A.happy B.sea C.sit D.picture双元音13)[eɪ]发音字母:aayaieyeaa:namecakelategateplaneAprilay:playsaymaywaydayawayai:rainpainteighteighteeneightyey:theygreyea:greatbreak14)[əʊ]发音字母:oowoao:homecoldgonophonehostghostow:knowyellowbelowthrowblowshowrowoa:boatcoatgoat15)[aɪ]发音字母:iyighi:bikefinefindhininefivericewritelikey:mytryflybyigh:lightnighthigh16)[aʊ]发音字母:ouowou:houseoutaboutgroundcountsoundblousearoundmouseow:flowerdownnowcowhowtownbrown17)[ɒɪ]发音字母:oyoioy:boytoyoi:toiletoilnoise18)[ɪə]发音字母:eerearereeer:beerdeerear:earneardearere:here19)[ɛə]([eə])发音字母:earairereeirear:pearbearair:chairairere:therewhereeir:theirtheirs20)[ʊə]发音字母:ureure:sure【双元音练习】一、选出划线字母正确读音（）1、toyA./ɔɪ/B./eɪ/C./aɪ/（）2、hereA./ʌ/B./ɪə/C./ʊə/（）3、stairA./eə/B./æ/C./eɪ/（）4、ourA./æ/B./ʊə/C./aʊ/（）5、rideA./ɪ/B./aɪ/C./α:/（）6、horseA./αʊ/B./ai/C./ɔ:/（）7、coldA./ɒ/B./əʊ/C./ʊ/二、写出下列单词中元音字母或元音字母组的含相同元音音标例1.trainsnake/eɪ/2.playgamecake_______3.flybikeride_______4.smalltallhorse_______5.rabbithavebag_______6.boytoyenjoy______7.cowtownhow______8.homegono______9.hereearnear______10.pearstairair_____三、找出划线部分发音不同的选项,并写出音标eg.（C）/ɒ/1、A.coldB.oldC.sorry（）_______2、A.playB.gameC.taxi（）_______3、A.townB.toyC.our（）_______4、A.thisB.rideC.white（）_______5、A.smallB.appleC.walk（）_______6、A.hereB.girlC.skirt（）_______7、A.haveB.bananaC.taxi（）_______8、A.nearB.pearC.stair二、辅音[p]:peapeachpigpinkpurplemap[t]:twotootoboattentwelve[k](k、c、ck):ecapcatbikecakeblackduck[f]:fishfrogfootfacefarm[θ]:threemouth[s]:snakesingface[ʃ]:shipsheepshopshe[h]:henhousehorsehandhair[ts]:skirtsstudentsshirts[t∫]:ChineseChinapeachbeachchicken[tr]:treetraintrousers[b]:beebigbyeblackbedbearbookbanana[d]:beddaddoneedduckhead[g]:bagpigdogegggirl[v]:vestveryliveleave[ð]:with[z]:zoozebra[ʒ]:measurepleasure[dʒ]:orangejuice[dz]:wordshandsheadsfriends[dr]:drinkdressdrive[r]:rabbitredrice[m]:monkeymilksomeegame[n]:nosesonsunrunchickenpen[ŋ]:kingsingEnglish[j]:yesyellowyou[w]:waterwatermelonwhite[l]:lionlemonblueleglamp【辅音练习】找出每组单词中划线部分发音不同的词。（）1.A.yesB.yellowC.youD.my（）2.A.girlB.goodC.orangeD.dog（）3.A.whatB.whoC.whereD.when（）4.A.cupB.cityC.classD.cat（）5.A.thisB.thatC.threeD.those（）6.A.thankB.nineC.nameD.nice（）7.A.schoolB.chairC.cheapD.watch（）8.A.uncleB.thinkC.EnglishD.thin（）9.A.flyB.babyC.buyD.why（）10.A.sixB.sitC.sunD.is二、写出划线部分的字母。1..[θæŋk]______2.[ðəuz]______3.[bedz]______4.[sits]______5.[tri:]_______6.[t∫εə]______7.['orindз]_______8.[ka:]_______三、写出划线部分的音标。1.cheap2.she3.these4.age5.bag[][][][][]class7.you8.why[][][]四、找出相互对应的单词和音标。()1.onA.[∫i:]()6.GameF.[mæp]()2.deskB.[ɔn]()7.butG.[geim]()3.sheC.[desk]()8.bikeH.[bʌt]()4.hugeD.[tri:]()9.thoseI.[baik]()5.treeE.[hju:dз]()10.mapJ.[ðəuz]出门测从下列四个选项中选出所给单词的正确读音。( )1.set A、[set] B、[sit] C、[sәt] D、[sæt]( )2.court A、[kut] B、[kәut] C、[kɔ:t] D、[sit]( )3.better A、[΄betз:] B、[΄bætә] C、[be΄ta:] D、[΄betә]( )4.duck A、[dΛk] B、[dæk] C、[duk] D、[du:k]( )5.tank A、[sæŋk] B、[tiŋk] C、[teŋk] D、[tæŋk]( )6.mouse A、[maus] B、[mәus] C、[mus] D、[mΛs]( )7.cry A、[srai] B、[krai] C、[kri] D、[krei]( )8.where A、[wiә] B、[wi:] C、[heә] D、[weә]( )9.deep A、[di:p] B、[dip] C、[dep] D、[dәp]( )10.echo A、[ә΄kәu] B、[΄ekә] C、[΄ekәu] D、[æ΄kәu]找出下列划线部分发音不同的单词( )1.A.cake B.take C.nap D.wave( eaed B.eat C.tea D.seat( ever B.leg C.red D.he( ood B.too C.book D.neighborhood( ather B.crab C.shark D.car( oda B.hot C.box D.not( ike B.five C.my D.his( )8.A.order B.doctor C.boring D.corner( )at B.water C.walk D.talk( o B.no C.to D.nose( ay B.play C.they D.Sunday( ot B.not C.to D.follow( )13.A.each B.idea C.theatre D.dear( ower B.follow C.how D.brown( ide B.hi C.toilet D.bike( ou B.house C.blouse D.trousers( udy B.puzzle C.bus D.busy( ind B.diningroomC.behindD.pumpkin( eet B.coffee C.meet D.see( is B.find C.white D.kite根据音标，选择正确的单词。applefeetbearkeepheadwhitedeskelephantlampmouse/beә//wait//΄æpl//ki:p//hed//΄elifәnt//maus//fi:t//desk//læmp/