2024年牛津译林版英语中考八年级上册知识点复习及综合训练

中考八上复习Unit14确切的___________代替___________着迷的___________可怕的___________错误_________建议___________课程___________出席___________榜样________正确的___________（反义词）确定的（反义词）___________活跃的（反义词）___________可能的（反义词）___________气球___________封面___________；总统___________乏味的（人）___________（物）___________文化___________登山者___________无用的___________兴高采烈的___________入场券___________；物理___________更近一步___________语言___________外国的___________口渴的___________诚实的___________幽默（名词）___________（形容词）___________礼貌的（副词）___________笔直的___________高度___________重量___________比赛___________游泳者___________社会的___________耐心的___________（反义词）___________杰出的___________不快乐___________Unit58开始（名词）___________严重的___________主要的___________危险（名词）___________关闭的___________厚的（比较级）___________人类___________疾病（名词）___________接受___________缓慢的___________否则___________市场___________提供___________完美的___________空间_________渔民（复数）_________政府___________社会（复数）___________记录___________旅行者________描述_________理解___________说话人___________地址（复数）___________自然（形容词）___________激动人心的____________________深的（比较级）______________打架（过去式）___________突然（形容词）___________瞌睡（比较级）___________光亮光泽（名词）___________（形容词）________（比较级）___________大声地（比较级）___________度数___________糟糕的___________温度___________阵雨___________记忆___________牙痛________乡下____________紧张的____________事故__________安全__________(形容词)___________（比较级）________（副词）________（名词）有雾的___________(比较级)活着的____________几乎___________地震__________水灾（复数）__________村庄_____________方向_____________寂静的___________烙饼____________铁路____________工作日___________keypoints万能公式：It’s+adj.(forsb.)todosth.形容词和副词的比较级（1）比较级的基本结构：比较级+than（2）标志词语much,even,alittle，far（3）变化规律(5)不规则(5)例： good/well⇒better⇒best bad/ill/badly⇒worse⇒worst（好坏多少远）much/many⇒more⇒most little⇒less⇒least far⇒farther⇒farthest（强调距离，具体的）far⇒further⇒furthest（强调程度，抽象的）平级比较：基本结构：asadj./adv.(原形)as否定形式：notas/so+adj./adv.原形+as=比较级+thananyother+单数theother+复数 anyoftheother+复数theother两者中另一个常用搭配：one…theother…（常考只有两边的词：coin/paper/street/road/card/river） other+n.名词=others another泛指三者及以上的另一个discuss(sth.)withsb.discuss+特殊疑问词+todosth.have+时间+off放多长时间的假后缀ly：adj.+ly=adv.例：real⇒reallybad⇒badlyusual⇒usuallycareful⇒carefullypossible⇒possibly terrible⇒terribly（以ble结尾的去e+y）特殊词：polite⇒politelyplete(adj.完整的，完全的)⇒pletely当主宾一致时，用反身代词gettothefinalof=beinthefinalof进入决赛plan（过去式：planned；现在分词：planning）paysb.+（money）todosth.pay（money）forsthyou'dbetter（not）dosth.advisesb.（not）todosth.建议（不）做某事advisedoingsth.否定前缀un,in,im：①un:uncertain,unfortable,unimportant,uninteresting,unpopular,unpleasant等②in:inactive,incorrect,inplete,indirect等③im:impatient,impossible,impolite,improper等④特殊dis:dishonestcatchfire失火，动作beonfire状态screaminfear恐慌地尖叫runinalldirections=runineverydirectionedown崩塌eover越过eout出版earound拜访，绕道eoff脱落，离开efrom来自eback回来，恢复eineonbreakdown损坏，破坏breakinto破门而入breakoff停止中断breakup解散may可能，可以不可能：can’t禁止：mustn’ttemperature：温度只有高低，high/low;price：价格也是thenumberof……的数目，动词用单数；anumberof:许多=alotofnotalittle=quite非常notabit=notatall一点也不abit后面跟形容词或副词，abitof+不可数名词；alittle不可数名词或者形容词比较级putin安装putdown放下putup张贴举起putoff推迟延迟advisesbtodosth建议某人做某事spendasmuchtimeaspossibledoingsth.花费尽可能多的时间做某事preventsbfromdoingsth.阻止某人做某事hadbetter（not）dosth最好（不）做某事疑问词+todosth表示目的用todosth.,意思翻译“为了”Whydoyouehere?—Totellyouthetruth./Dowhatyoucantogetgoodresults./makelawstopreventtheseCan’twaittodosth.bebusydoingsth./betoobusydoingsth.todosth太忙于做某事而不能做某事havefundoingsth.=haveagoodtimedoingsth.很高心做某事hearsbdosth听到某人做某事hearsbdoingsth.听到某人正在做某事；keepdoingsth一直不停做某事findit+形容词+todosthIt’s+形容词比较级+todosththantodosth.understandtheimportanceof…明白…的重要性leadtolessandlessspace导致越来越少的空间takeactiontodosthrightaway立刻采取行动做某事asaresult结果havepityonher同情她insteadofdoingsth.代替做某事makethesamemistake犯相同错误becrazyabout对……痴迷causealotofproblems引起许多问题dropbelowzero下降到零度inthethirties三十几左右中考八上练习一、单项填空（本大题共15分，每小题1分）Thechildreninkindergartensaretooyoung,soit’shardforthemtosit__________thewholeclass.A.among B.through C.across D.between—Neverdropthingsfromthebuildingagain!They__________hurtpeoplebadly.—Iamterriblysorry,Mr.Green.Iwon’tdoitanymore.A.should B.may C.must D.need—Stayinguplate__________lotsofhealthproblems.You’dbettergotobedearlier.—OK,mum.Iwon’tstayupanymore.A.causes B.iscausing C.caused D.wascausing—Moneyisveryimportant.However,wecan’tbuyloveandfriendshipwithit.—Iagreewithyou.Moneydoesn’tmean__________.A.everything B.nothing C.anything D.something“Don’tbeafraidofmakingmistakes__________you’resoyoung.Justbebraveandhaveatry!”GrandpatoldlittleTom.A.if B.but C.so D.since—Excuseme,__________isitfromheretoWuxiNo.2Hospital?—Aboutfiveminutesonfoot.Youseethetrafficlights?Justturnrightthere.A.howlong B.howoften C.howfar D.howmuch—I’vetriedmybest,butIstillfailed.—Don’tbesad.Youshouldlearnto__________theresultandkeeptrying.A.accept B.cause C.record D.prevent—Doyoufindthedishtastesdifferent?—No.Thechangeinthetastemaybetoo__________,soIdidn’tnoticeit.A.serious B.awful C.slight D.terrible—Howaboutthispinkcoat?It’syoursize.—Great!That’s__________whatIwant.I’lltakeit.A.finally B.mainly C.nearly D.exactly—Thetemperature__________oftenthesedays.—Soitdoes.Thehighesttemperaturewas18℃yesterday,butitis6℃today.Anditwillbe10℃tomorrow.A.changes B.rises C.drops D.staysAfterenteringhighschool,Biffmadefriendswithsomeotherstudentswiththesame__________andstartedtheDIYClubtogether.A.height B.interest C.quality D.personality—Whydothesepeopleliveinthetents?—Becausetheirhouses__________intheterriblestormlastnight.A.calmeddown B.brokedown C.turneddown D.camedownDon’tbelievethecaradvertisement.Mycardoesn’twork__________theadvertisementshows.A.asgoodas B.sobetteras C.aswellas D.sobestasEveryonewantstobelucky.__________,someunluckypeopleknowthetruthoflovebetter. A.Atlast B.Infact C.Asaresult D.Inthebeginning—Goodnews!You’vepassedtheMathstest.—Hooray!__________,I’mworryingaboutit.A.Noway B.Soundsgreat C.Atfirst D.Tobehonest二、完形填空（本大题共10分，每小题1分）先通读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 Attheageof16,Einsteinwasalwaysbusyplayingwithagroupofmischievous(顽皮捣蛋的)kids.He16hisfinalexam.Onemorning,whenEinsteinwasabouttogo17withhisfriends,hisfatherstoppedhimandsaid,“Einstein,youspendtoomuchtimeplaying.I’m18aboutyou.”“Takeiteasy,Dad.Myfriends,JackandRobert,alsodidbadlyintheexam,butdon’ttheystillgettofish?”“Myboy,youcan’t19likethat,”hisdadsaid.“Thereisastorythatpeopletellinourhometown.Listentoitnow.”“Thereweretwocatsplayingontheroof(屋顶).Onecatfelldownthechimney(烟囱)whileholdingtheothercat.Whenthetwocatsclimbedoutofthechimney,oneofthecatshadsoot(烟灰)onhisface,20theothercat’sfacewasclean.Seeingthesootfacedcat,thecleancatthoughtitsfacemustbe21,soitquicklyrantotheriversideandwasheditsface.Thesootfacedcatsawthecleanfacedcatandthoughtitsfacewasalsoclean,soitjustwalkeddownthestreet22.”“Einstein,23canbeyour‘mirror(镜子)’.Youshouldthinkbyyourself.Ifyoujust24others,youwillneverlearn.”Hearingthis,Einsteinwentbacktohisroom.Hedecidedtostudyinsteadof25aboutwhathisfriendsweredoing.Later,hebecameagreatperson.A.missed B.passed C.finished D.failedA.shopping B.fishing C.swimming D.skatingA.crazy B.bored C.sorry D.worried A.dress B.fish C.think D.playA.because B.since C.while D.whenA.dirty B.shiny C.colourful D.cheerful A.carefully B.happily C.sadly D.luckilyA.somebody B.everybody C.anybody D.nobodyA.teach B.plain C.follow D.chooseA.caring B.hearing C.talking D.writing阅读理解BOnWorldWildlifeDay,3March,peopleallaroundtheworldholdactivitiestocelebrateitandtoraiseawareness(提升意识)oftheimportanceofprotectingwildlife.Here’ssomeinformationabouttheday.Howdiditfirststart?InDecember2013,theUnitedNationsGeneralAssemblydecidedtochooseadaytoraiseawarenessoftheimportanceofprotectingwildanimalsandplants.=1\*GB3①TheydecidedtocallitWorldWildlifeDayandchose3Marchasthedatetocelebrateit.Whyisitsoimportant?Earthishometomanydifferentspecies(物种)ofplantsandanimals.Wedependon(依赖)theair,thewater,thefoodandtheenergytolive.Eachspeciesisimportant.WorldWildlifeDaytriestomakepeopleknowthesefacts.=2\*GB3②Whatproblemsarewildlifefacing?Sadly,manyhumanactivitiessuchashunting,farmingandbuildingareputtingwildlifeindanger.Wearecuttingdowntoomanytrees,clearingtoomuchgroundandbuildingsomanyroadsthatwearedestroying(破坏)thelivingspaceofwildlife.=3\*GB3③29Youcanjointhelocalactivitiesandraisemoneyforgroupstoprotectwildlife.Youcanalsosharephotosaboutprotectingwildanimalswithyourfriendsandfamily.=4\*GB3④Whenyoudothesethings,youwon’tbealone.MillionsofpeoplearefightingforabetterfutureforourEarth.Whichofthefollowingisthebestfor29? A.Whyshouldyouhelp? B.Whatcanyoudotohelp? C.Whatarepeoplefightingfor? D.Whocandothesethingswithyou?Thefollowingsentencewouldbestbeputin_____________.“Nearly1/4ofallspeciesmayextinct(灭绝)inthenext50years.”A.① B.② C.③ D.④What’sthebesttitleofthepassage?A.WaystoHelpWildlifeinDangerB.WildlifeFacingSeriousProblemsC.WildlifeDay:ProtectingLifeonEarthD.DoOneThingADaytoChangetheWorldCWhenIgottoschooltoday,everybodywasactingallstrangearoundme,andatfirstIdidn’tknowwhatwasup.ThenIremembered:IstillhadtheCheeseTouchfromlastyear.IgottheCheeseTouchinthelastweekofschool,andoverthesummerIforgotaboutit.TheproblemwiththeCheeseTouchisthatyou’vegotituntilyoucanpass(传递)itontosomeoneelse.Butnobodywouldevengetwithin(在...之内)30feetofme.Everytimetheysawme,theyscreamed“Ah~GregHeffleyising!”IknewtheCheeseTouchwouldstickwithmeforthewholeschoolyear.Luckily,anewkidnamedJeremyPindlewasintheclassroom,soIpassedtheCheeseTouchontohim.MyfirstclasswasMaths,andtheteacherputmerightnexttoAlexAruda,thecleverestkidinthewholeclass.Ifthekids’lastnamesstartwiththefirstfewletters(字母)ofthealphabet(字母表),theteacherwillcallthemmost,andthat’swhytheyendupbeingthecleverest.Somepeoplethinkthat’snottrue,butIcanproveit.Youseethepictureontheleft?AlexArudaisatopstudent,whileChristoperZiegelisdifferent.Icanonlythinkofonekid.Hebrokethelastnamerule,andthat’sPeterUteger.Peterwasthecleverestkidintheclassallthewayupuntilthefifthgrade.Whenwekeptsayinghisinitials(首字母)outloud,itsoundedfunny.ThisgavePeteradifficulttime.Thesedays,Peterdoesn’tputuphishandatall,andhe’sprettymuchaCstudent.IfeelalittlebadaboutthewholeP.U.thingandwhathappenedtoPeter.Whatdoestheword“prove”meaninParagraph3?A.证明 B.质疑 C.修改 D.撤回IfsomeonegetstheCheeseTouch,_____________.A.heshouldplaytricksonothersB.othersmaykeepawayfromhimC.hecan’tpassitontosomeoneelseD.itwillstickwithhimforthewholeschoolyearWhatdidPeterUtegerthinkofthosekidswhentheykeptsaying“P.U.!”outloud?A.Activebutstrange. B.Crazyandcareless.C.Humorousbutimpatient. D.Noisyandimpolite.Whatcanyouinfer(推断)fromthepassage?A.PeterUtegerbroketheclassruleinthefifthgrade.B.Thekidsintheclassdon’tplaywithJeremyPindlenow.C.ChristoperZiegelisoneofthetopstudentsintheclassnow.D.JeremyPindlegottheCheeseTouchfromAlexArudalastweek.四、词汇运用(A)根据句意和汉语注释，在答题卡对应题号的横线上，写出单词的正确形式。WhentheteachertoldKimnottotalkinclass,hisfaceburnedwith_________(羞愧)._________(扔)awayuselessthings,anditwillmakeyourhomecleanandtidy.Oldpeople_________(容易地)feellonely,soweshouldgotovisitthemoftenandcareaboutthem.Itwastimeforbed,soCindyturnedoffthelightandtheroombecamedarkand_________(寂静的).(B)根据句意，在答题卡对应题号的横线上，写出括号内所给单词的适当形式。Excuseme,couldyoupleasespeakalittlemore_________(slow)?Ican’tfollowyou.Thepriceofhouses_________(rise)quicklylastyearandmanypeoplewereworriedaboutit.Theysaidgoodbyetoeachotherattherailwaystationandthetrainleftinthe_________(direct)ofShanghai.Thereislessandlesslivingspaceforwildanimals,soweshouldacttoprotectthe_________(nature)world.五、动词填空Doctorsadviseus_________(noteat)after8p.m.becauseit’sbadforourhealth.—Hurryup!MarkandCarol_________(wait)forusatthebusstop.—Justaminute!I’ming.Chip,youshouldn’tplayputergamesbeforeyoufinish_________(clear)yourdesk.—Dr.Liisnotinhisofficeatthemoment.MayItakeamessageforyou?—I_________(call)himlater.Thankyou.—WhatdidyoutalkaboutwithMarry?—Nothing.She_________(make)acalltosomeone,soIjustnoddedtoherandwentaway._________(drink)aglassofwateraftergettingupeverymorninganditmayhelpyoukeepfit.六、阅读填空先通读下面的短文，然后根据短文内容，在文章后表格的空白处填入最恰当的单词。所填单词必须写在答题卡对应题号的横线上。每个空格只能填一个单词。 Havingapetdogathomecanbegoodforkidsinmanyways.Havingapetdogisnotaneasything.Youmusttakecareofitproperly(适当地). Youshouldstartbygivingyourpetfoodandfreshwater.Makeaproperfeedingschedule(时间表)andfollowittomakesureyourpeteatshealthily.Youcanalsobeagoodpetownerbymakingsureyoucleanupafteryourpet.Thismeanscleaningyourpet’scageorhelpingitpickupdroppings(粪便).Makesureyoualwayswearglovestodothecleaning.Don’tforgettowashyourhandsafterthat.Youneedtowalkyourpetdogeveryday.Andyoushouldspendatleasttenminutesadayplayingwithyourpetsoitwillfeellovefromyou.Yourpetshouldbetrained(训练)properlytomakesureitliveswell.Awelltrainedpetwillalsomakelesstroublewhenitmeetsotherpetsandstrangersoutsideofyourhome.What’smore,yourparentsmayhavetheirownhouserulesforthepet.Ifyouareunclear,youcantalkwithyourparentsabouttherulesandwritethemdown,thenputthemuponthewall.Youshouldmakesureyourpetfollowstheserules,evenwhenyourparentsarenotathome.HowtoBeaGoodPetDogOwnerLookafterthepet1foodandfreshwaterforyourpet2thepetproperlyontimeCleanyourpet’scageorlivingarea3towashyourhandsaftercleaningTakeyourpetfor4walksSpendtimeplayingwiththepetTrainthepetDiscusstheruleswithyourparents5andputuptherulesonthewallMakesureyourpetfollowstherules七、完成句子（本大题共6分，12小题每空0.5分,35小题每小题1分）按所给的汉语，用英语完成下列句子，并将答案写在答题卡对应题号的横线上。过量的工作和过少的休息可能会导致疾病。Toomuchworkandtoolittlerestmay_____________________.玛丽同情那位老人，让她住在自己的公寓里。Mary______