山东省烟台市福山区高三五月校际联考三模英语试题

姓名：姓名：准考证号：.绝密★启用前试卷类型：A2023年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语模拟试题本试卷共12页，满分120分。考试用时120分钟。注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号和座位号填写在答题卡上。用2B铅笔将试卷类型（A）填涂在答题卡相应位置上。将条形码横贴在答题卡右上角“条形码粘贴处”。因笔试不考听力，选择题从第二部分的“阅读”开始，试题序号从“21”开始。2.作答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案，答案不能答在试卷上。3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液，不按以上要求作答的答案无效。4.考生必须保持答题卡的整洁；考试结束后，将试卷和答题卡一并交回。祝你成功第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题分，满分分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AInSingapore,itseemslikeartisateveryturn.Lookcloselyandyou’lldiscovermasterpiecesinfrontofanofficebuilding,awalkway,andevenonarooftopgarden,whereeveryonecanappreciatethemupclose.Inordertofurtherpromoteart,festivalsareheldthroughouttheyear.Herearesomeofthebiggestartdrawstoe.ARTWALKWhen:JanuaryAnannualpublicartfestival,ArtwalktakesplaceintheculturallyrichneighborhoodsofLittleIndiaandKatongJooChiat.Visitorscanlearnaboutthefood,storiesandhistoryoftwoofSingapore’smostdistinctmunitiesonguidedwalkingtours.Theycanevenexperienceartandcultureupclosewithhands—onworkshopswithlocalartists,storytellersandculturalexperts.ARTSGWhen:MarchDuringthebiggestartfairinSoutheastAsia,morethan150oftheworld’sbestgallerieswillshowcasetheircollectionofmorethan1,000artists.Thefilmsectionwillfeaturepaneldiscussions,experimentalfilms,andnewfilm—makingpractices.SomegallerieswillalsopresentdigitaltechnologyartworkslikeAR,VR,andNFTs.SINGAPOREBIENNALEWhen:JulyTheSingaporeBiennaleisadynamiceventthatencouragesfolkstoseeartinanewlightthroughinteractiveinstallationsandexhibitions.Thehighlightsincludearttours,airperformances,afilminstallationandvariousexhibitions.SINGAPORENIGHTWhen:AugustDuringthispartylikenightfestival,theBrasBasahBugisbusinessstreetlightsupforthismultidimensionalartfestivalwithdiverselightinstallations.Buildingwallsprovidelargerthanlifecanvases(画布)forshows;undergroundtunnelsarebrilliantwithlights.Artandcreativityblossomthroughapassionforexperiments.21．WhatcanvisitorsdoinARTWALK?A．Tryoutglobalcuisines.B．Joinininteractiveactivities.C．Organizewalkingtours.D．Visitmuseumsandgalleries.22．What’sthetextmainlyabout?A．FourartshowsinSingapore.C．FourartfestivalsinSingapore.B．FourplacesofinterestinSingapore.D．FourtravelroutesinSingapore.23．WhenshouldvisitorsgotoSingaporeiftheywanttoenjoylightshows?A．InJanuary.B．InMarch.C．InJuly.D．InAugust.BJoãoCarlosMartins,the80yearoldBrazilianclassicalpianist,hadlosttheabilitytoplayforalmost20yearsduetoaseriesofunfortunateeventsinhislife.Buteverythingchangedthankstoapairofspecialbionic(仿生的)gloves.Heisoneofthebestpianistsalivetoday.HehadalreadywonacontestplayingBachwhenhewasonly8yearsold.Thenatthepeakofhisskills,hecouldplay21notespersecond.However,luckwasn’talwaysonhisside.At24yearsold,hesufferedanaccidentthatcausednervedamagetohisarm,atrophying(使萎缩)threeofhisfingers.Thenwhenhewas55,anaccidentalbraininjurypletelyparalyzedhisarm.Joãowentthrough24surgeries,butnothingcouldhelphishands,forcinghimtostopplayingthepiano,seeminglyforgood.However,Joãodidn’tgiveuponhismusicalcareer.Hebecameaconductorin2003.Hecouldn’tturnthepagesinthescore,soinstead,hejusttriedhisbesttomemorizeeveryscore,notebynote.Hestillplayedthepianosometimes,butextremelyslow,sincehecouldplayonlyonenotepersecond.Thatmighthavebeenhislife,wereitnotforanengineerwhosawthepianistplayingliveanddecidedtoworkoutsomethingtohelphim.Afteraconcert,heapproachedJoãowiththefirstpairofspecialbionicgloves.Yet,theydidn’twork.WhentheengineerfirstshowedJoãothegloves,hejokedthattheywereforboxing,nottoplaythepiano.Butneitherofthemgaveup,andaftertestingoutseveralmodels,theperfectmatchwascreated.Theglovesprovidethenecessarysupportforeachfingerandcaneven“tune”towhatheplays.Joãoknowsthathemightneverrecoverhisspeedofthepast.Buthe’sstartingover,asthoughhewerean8yearoldagain.Joãosays,itcantakeyears,buthewillkeeppushing.Hewon’tgiveup.24．WhatcanwelearnaboutJoãoCarlosMartinsfromthesecondparagraph?A．Helostthreefingersduringanaccident.B．Heshowedgreattalentforthepianoasachild.C．Hewentthroughmanyhardshipstosucceed.D．Hesufferedbraininjurieswhenhewasyoung.25．WhatdidJoãodoafteraseriesofmisfortunes?A．Heaskedengineersforhelp.B．Helosthopeforhisfuturelife.C．Hepreparedtogiveuphisdream.D．Hestruggledtocontinuehiscareer.26．WhatdidJoãothinkofthefirstpairofspecialbionicgloves?A．Theyshouldbeimproved.C．Theyweretooheavytocarry.B．Theycosttoomuchmoney.D．Theycouldbringfuntohislife.27．WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeJoãoCarlosMartins?A．Smartandhelpful.B．Giftedandconfident.C．Determinedandpositive.D．Creativeandgenerous.CBabiesaresurroundedbyhumanlanguage,alwayslisteningandprocessing.Eventually,theyputsoundstogethertoproducea“Daddy”ora“Mama”.Butwhatstillconfusesneuroscientistsisexactlyhowthebrainworkstoputitalltogether.Tofigureitout,ateamofresearchersturnedtoafrequentstandinforbabieswhenitestolanguagelearning:thesonglearningzebrafinch.“We’veknownsongbirdslearntheirsongbyfirstformingamemoryoftheirfather’ssongoranotheradult’ssong.Thentheyusethatmemorytoguidetheirsonglearning,”saidNeuroscientistToddRoberts.“It’sbeenalongtermgoalofthefieldtofigureouthoworwhereinthebrainthismemoryis.Thistypeofimitativelearningthatbirdsdoisverysimilartothetypeoflearningthatweengageinregularly—particularlywhenwe’reyoung,weuseittoguideourspeechlearning.”Robertsandhisteamhadafeelingthattheinterface(交叉区域)betweensensoryareasandmotorareasinthebrainwascriticalforthisprocess,andtheyfocusedonagroupofbraincellscalledtheNIf.“Inordertoprovethatwecouldidentifythesecircuits,wethoughtifwecouldimplantafalsememory.”First,theyusedavirustocausetheneurons(神经元)inthebirds’NIftobeesensitivetolight.Then,usingatinyelectrodeasaflashlight,theyactivatedtheneurons.Thelengthofeachpulseoflightcorrespondedwiththeamountoftimetheneuronswouldfire.Andthebirds’brainsinterpretedthattimeperiodasthelengthofeachnote.Soonenough,thebirdsbegantopracticethenotestheyhadlearned,eventhoughtheyneverreallyheardthesounds.Amazingly,thebirdsproducedtheminthecorrectsocialsituations.Theresearcherssaythisisthefirsttimeanybodyhasfoundexactlyapartofthebrainnecessaryforgeneratingthesortsofmemoriesneededtocopysounds.“Thislineofresearchisgoingtohelpusidentifywhereinthebrainweencodememoriesofrelevantsocialexperiencesthatweusetoguidelearning.Weknowthatthereareseveralneurodevelopmentaldisordersinpeoplethathavereallyfarreachingeffectsonthistypeoflearning.”28．Thezebrafinchisresearchedbecauseitssonglearningmode.A．decideswhetheritwillsingsongsB．helpsittosay“Daddy”or“Mama”C．islikethewaybabieslearnspeechD．reflectsitstalentforimitatingitsfather’ssong29．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”inParagraph2referto?A．Theinterfaceinthebrain.B．Guidancefromadults.C．Imitativelearningtypelikebirds’.D．Thewayofregularlearning.30．WhatcanwelearnfromtheresearchledbyRoberts?A．Scientistsactivatedsomeneuronsbyusinganelectrode.B．Abirdonlysingswhatitheardbefore.C．Thebrainproducestinyelectrodes.D．Birdsaresensitivetolight.31．WhatdotheRoberts’teamexpectofthislineofresearch?A．Achangeinourwayoflisteningandprocessing.B．Achancetohaverelevantsocialexperiences.C．Abetterknowledgeofthesecretsoflearning.D．Identificationofneurodevelopmentaldisorders.DWhatwillhighereducationlooklikein2050?ThatwasthequestionaddressedTuesdaynightbyMichaelCrow,presidentofArizonaStateUniversity.“We’reattheendofthefourthwaveofchangeinhighereducation,”Crowbegan,arguingthatresearchuniversitiesfollowedtheinitialestablishmentofhighereducation,publiccolleges,andlandgrantschoolsinthetimelineofAmerica.Inlessthanahalfcentury,hesaid,globalmarketpetitionwillbeatitsfastestratesofchangeever,withseveralmultitrilliondollareconomiesworldwide.Accordingtoarecentprojection,thenation’spopulationcouldreach435million,withalargepercentageofthoseresidentseconomicallydisadvantaged.Inaddition,climatechangewillbe“meaningfullyuncontrollable”inmanypartsoftheworld.Theeverydaytrendsseentoday,suchasdecliningperformanceofstudentsatalllevels,particularlyinmathandscience,anddecliningwagesandemploymentamongthelesseducated,willonlycontinue,Crowmaintained,andare,tosaytheleast,notcontributingtofulfillingthedreamofclimbingthesocialladdermobility,qualityoflife,sustainableenvironment,andlongerlifespansthatmostAmericansshare.“Howisitthatwecanhavethesegreatresearchuniversitiesandhavenegativetrendingoutes?”Crowsaidinatalk“Iholdtheuniversitiesaccountable.…Wearepartoftheproblem.”Amongthe“thingsthatwedothatmakethethingsthatweteachlesslearnable,”Crowsaid,arethestrictseparationofdisciplines,academicrigidity,andconservatism,thedesireofuniversitiestoimitateschoolsatthetopofthesocialranks,andthelackoftheputersystemabilitythatwouldallowalargenumberofstudentstobeeducatedforasmallamountofmoney.Since2002,whenCrowstartedbeinginchargeatArizonaState—whichhecallsthe“newAmericanuniversity”—hehasledmorethanthreedozeninitiativesthataimtomaketheschool“inclusive,scalable,fast,adaptive,challengefocused,andwillingtotakerisks.”Amongthoseinitiativeswerearestructuringoftheengineeringandlifesciencesschoolstocreatemorelinkagesbetweendisciplines;thelaunchoftheSchoolofEarthandSpaceExplorationandtheSchoolofSustainability;thestartofaTeachersCollegetoaddressK12performanceandincreasethestatusoftheEducationDepartmentattheuniversity;andbroadenedaccess,increasingthefreshmanclasssizeby42percentandtheenrollmentofstudentslivingbelowthepovertylineby500percent.Universitiesmuststart,Crownoted,“bybeingselfreflectivearchitects,figuringoutwhatwehaveandwhatweactuallyneedinsteadofwhatlegendtellsuswehavetobe.”Researchuniversitiestodayhave“runtheircourse,”headded.“Nowisthetimeforvariety.”Duringadiscussionafterward,Crowclarifiedandexpandedonsomeofhispoints.Hediscussed,forexample,theschool’sdistancelearningprogram.“Nearly40percentofundergraduatesaretakingatleastonecourseonline,”hesaid,whichhelpstheschooltokeepcostsdownwhileadvancinginteractivelearningtechnologies.HesaidthatArizonaStateisworkingtoincreasethetransferandpletionratesofmunitycollegestudents,ofwhomonlyabout15percent,historically,pletetheirlaterdegrees.“We’vebuiltasystemthatwillallowthemtotrackintouniversities,”particularlywhere“culturallyplexbarriers”beyondfinanceslimiteventhemostgiftedstudents.32．ThefourthwaveofchangeinAmerica’shighereducationrefersto.A．publiccollegesB．landgrantschoolsC．initialhighereducationD．researchuniversities33．WhichisNOTpartoftheAmericandreammostpeopleshare?A．Peopleenjoyaqualitylife.B．Peoplelivelongerandlonger.C．Thefreedomtomovearound.D．Anenvironmentthatissustainable.34．WhichisaninitiativeadoptedbyCrowatArizonaStateUniversity?A．RestructuringtheteachersCollege.B．LaunchingtheSchoolofLifeSciences.C．Ignoringthelinkagesbetweendisciplines.D．Enrollingmorestudentsfrompoorfamilies.35．Withthedistancelearningprogram,ArizonaStateUniversityisableto.A．enroll40%ofitsstudentsonlineB．provideanevengreaternumberofcoursesC．attractthemostgiftedstudentsallovertheworldD．keepcostsdownwithoutalossofquality第二节（共5小题；每小题分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项是多余的。Peoplerefertoneverforgettinghowtorideabikeorthrowabaseballasexamplesof“musclememory”,theresultofamotorlearning.1Itisaphenomenonthatpreviouslytrainedmusclesacquirestrengthafteraperiodofdisuse.Previousresearchhasshownthatthechangesactuallypersistinthemusclesthemselves.Inonestudyofmice,theresultssuggestthatafternucleiinmusclecellsmultiplyinresponsetoanoverloadoftraining,thoseextranucleiaren’tlostduringsubsequentperiodsofinactivity.Onceyouhavegotadditionalnuclei,youarebankingthecapacity.2Infact,arecentstudyrevealedthatlessthaneightweeksofretrainingwereneededtoreachtheposttraininglevel.Buthowquicklyyouregainyourformerfitnessdependsonhowfityouwereinitially,howlongthelayoffwas,howoldyouareandhowlongyou’dbeenexercising.3Itmeansyoustillhaveadistinctadvantagewhenitestoregainingyourformerleveloffitness.Andtheprincipleappliestobothresistancetrainingandendurancetraining.Thebestwaytoregainyourmusclememoryistostartatalevelbelowwhatyouwereaccustomedtodoing,andthengraduallyincreaseintermsofduration,frequency,thenintensity.45Youwillneverknowhowmuchmusclememoryyoumayhaveuntilyoustarttrainingagain.A．Thebestwaytotapintoitisto“getbackonthehorse”.B．Physiologists,ontheotherhand,defineitinadifferentway.C．Thisconvincestheresearchersthatmusclememorymaynotbelonglasting.D．Thatistosay,wecandothesportsautomaticallywithoutconsciousthought.E．Itisgenerallysafetoincreasetheseelementsby5percenteveryweekortwo.F．Itisevidentthatthemoreyouexercise,themoremusclememorysavingsyouwillhave.G．Allthisnewsaboutmusclememoryisencouragingforthosewhofelloffthefitnessscheme.第三部分阅读（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Whatdoyouknowaboutfashion?Thefashionindustry,whichhasbeeoneofthemost41totheplanet,ishavingamomentofpunishment.Butwhichchangesmakeadifference,andwhichonesjust42inthewash?Infact,thefashionindustryissecondonlytotheoilindustry,themostenvironmentallyunfriendlyindustry.Afriendofmine43anantiqueclothesstoreinthenorthofLondon.Businesshasbeengoodformanyyears,whichmakesheracquirealargefortune.Everyfewweeks,shevisitsavaststorehouseontheedgeofthecitytogothroughpilesofclothing.Mostofitis44,butifyouknowwhatyouarelookingfor,therearerawdiamonds.Thestorehousehasalonghistory.Itwasonceaclearinghouseforthelowqualitywoolscraps(碎料)thatwereusedtomakecheapclothingforthe45inVictorianBritain.Acenturyon,46haschanged.Nowadays,itisfullofmoderndayinferiorproducts,all47cheapclothingmadeforthemassesaroundtheworld.Exceptthatthisstuffisgoingtobeburnedorburied,notbeingreused.Theitemsaretheproductsofanindustrythat,inthepast30years,hasbeeoneofthemostsuccessfulandalsomost48ontheplanet.Knownasfastfashion,ithasfilledourwardrobes(衣柜)withcheapandcheerfulclothes.Butafterthreedecadesofcontinuousgrowth,themodelisin49withfundamentalenvironmentallimitsandthereiswidespreadagreement–evenfromwithintheindustry–thatitistimeto50.Otherwise,“Fastfashion”createsamountainofunsellable,cheapclothingthatendsupinaterribleplace.“Thefashionindustryrepresentsakeyenvironmental51,”saysKirsiNiinimäkiatAaltoUniversityinEspoo,Finland.“Eventually,thelongtermstabilityofthefashionindustry52thetotalabandonmentofthefastfashionmodel.”Likefastfood,fastfashionisallaboutinstant53onthecheap.Onewonders:Whatcanwedoaboutit?Don’tyouhaveanyclotheson?It’snotthat54.Moreimportantly,don’twaste,learntocontrolyourdesiresand55fallingintothis“Fastfashion”lifestyle.AstheguardiancolumnistLucySeagaloncesaid,the“Fastfashion”industryisprofitdriven,butconsumerswhohaveexperienced“overconsumption”willnaturallygrowtiredofit,andthemarketwillhaveitschoice.41.A．convincingB．interestingC．confusingD．damaging42.A．carryoutB．eoutC．setoutD．breakout43.A．buildsB．runsC．supportsD．controls44.A．expensiveB．useless C．worthlessD．attractive45.A．businessmen B．childrenC．localsD．masses46.A．little B．few C．muchD．many47.A．onbehalfofB．intheformofC．forthesakeofD．intermsof48.A．effectiveB．destructiveC．preventiveD．alternative49.A．quarrelB．argumentC．fightD．conflict50.A．tellthetruthB．hitthebreaksC．pavethewayD．breaktheice51.A．threatB．effectC．problemD．protection52.A．resultsfromB．consistsofC．bringsaboutD．relieson53.A．ambitionB．actionC．satisfactionD．attraction54.A．farB．extremeC．badD．plex55.A．enjoyB．imagineC．missD．avoid第二节（共10小题；每小题分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。YinetFerrer,thefirstprizewinnerof2022’sFifthInternationalClassicalChinesePoetryRecitationContestinCuba,saidshehasbeeninspiredbyChinesepoetry.BypresentingBuSuanZiYongMeiorOdetothePlumBlossominEnglish,56famouspoem,Ferrerwonherentrance57theonlinecontestandkeptcontestingtillthefinal.“EventhoughI58(offer)manyawardsinmystudentlife,noneofthemmakesmeprouderthanthisone,”saidFerrer.“Thispoemsendsaverystrongmessageofbeingoptimisticandfaithfulinlife59(overe)difficulties,nomatterwhatthecircumstances.”ShebeganstudyingChinesein2015,60(attend)acourseattheHouseofChineseArtsandTraditionsinHavana’sChinatown.ShesaidChinesepoetrycould61(lock)vastknowledgeaboutChina’srichcultureanditsworkethics(道德).ThestudyoftheChineselanguageandculturehasbeenmoreandmorepopularinoverthepastfewyears,thankstotheworkof62(institution)suchastheConfuciusInstitute,63hasseenthousandsofstudentsgraduatesinceitsfoundingin2009.“Chinesepoemsconveysthe64(beautiful)ofourlanguage,whichcreatesan65(effect)andimportantplatformtopromoteourvalues,principle