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Unit4TheNightingaleandtheRose1/38教学目标:经过《夜莺与玫瑰》使学生对神话故事中爱情展开讨论并了解作者OscarWilde透过表面神话故事所隐含对人生评论。教学内容:作者及背景知识介绍;文章结构及写作格调、技巧赏析;掌握重点词汇及完成练习;2/38教学重点:识别关键词汇及分析了解难句。教学方法:讲授、问答、讨论、模仿、练习、作业等。3/38Unit4
TheNightingaleandtheRoseI.
BackgroundKnowledge
Abouttheauthor:OscarWilde’searlyschoolyears
4/38In1871,OscarwasawardedaRoyalSchoolScholarshiptoTrinityCollegeinDublin.Again,hedidparticularlywellinClassics,earningfirstinhisexaminationsin1872andearningthehighesthonortheCollegecouldbestowonanundergraduate-aFoundationScholarship.In1874,OscarcrownedhissuccessesatTrinitywithtwofinalachievements.
HewontheCollege'sBerkeleyGoldMedalforGreekandwasawardedascholarshiptoMagdalenCollege,Oxford.5/381874-1878,HehadabrilliantcareeratOxford,where
hewonthePrizeforEnglishverseforapoem.EvenbeforehelefttheUniversityin1878Wildehadbecomeknownasoneofthemostaffectedoftheprofessorsoftheaestheticcraze,andforseveralyearsitwasasthetypicalaesthetethathekepthimselfbeforethenoticeofthepublic.6/38OscarWilde’sworks
Poems
1881
TheHappy
PrinceAndOtherTales
1888DorianGray
1890TheHouseOfPomegranates
1891TheBalladofReadingGoal
18987/38Plays:
LadyWindermere'sFan
1892.
AWomanofNoImportance
1893.
AnIdealHusband1895
TheImportanceofBeingEarnest
18958/38Criticism:
amanoffargreateroriginalityandpowerofmindthanmanyoftheapostlesofaestheticismundoubtedtalentsinmanydirectionsasatypicalaesthetethat
hekepthimselfbeforethenoticeofthepublicapoetofgracefuldictionplaywrightofskillandsubtlehumor
adramatistwhoseplayshadallthecharacteristicsofhisconversations
Allthesepieceshadthesamequalities--aparadoxicalhumourandapervertedoutlookonlifebeingthemostprominent.Theywerepackedwithwittysayings,andtheauthor'sclevernessgavehimatonceapositioninthedramaticworld9/38OscarWilde’sbelief
Artforart’ssakeTheonlypurposeoftheartistisart,notreligion,orscience,orinterest.Hewhopaintsorwritesonlyforfinancialreturnortopropagandizepoliticalandeconomicinterestscanonlyarousefeelingofdisgust.10/38QuotesfromOscarWilde’sWorks:
QuotesonMenMenbecomeold,buttheyneverbecomegood.
LadyWindermere'sFan.
Richbachelorsshouldbeheavilytaxed.
Itisnotfairthatsomemenshouldbehappierthanothers.
InConversation.
Menarehorriblytediouswhentheyaregoodhusbands,andabominablyconceitedwhentheyarenot.
AWomanofNoImportance.
LadyWindermere:...Idon'tlikecompliments,andIdon'tseewhyamanshouldthinkheispleasingawomanenormouslywhenhesaystoherawhileheapofthingsthathedoesn'tmean.
LadyWindermere'sFan.
11/38QuotesonWoman
Oneshouldnevertrustawomanwhotellsoneherrealage.
Awomanwhowouldtellonethat,wouldtelloneanything.
AWomanofNoImportance.
Cryingistherefugeofplainwomenbuttheruinofprettyones.
LadyWindermere'sFan.
Womenknowlifetoolate.
Thatisthedifferencebetweenmenandwomen.
AWomanofNoImportance.
Womenaremeanttobeloved,nottobeunderstood.
TheSphinxWithoutaSecret.
12/38QuotesonLoveOneshouldalwaysbeinlove.
Thatisthereasononeshouldnevermarry.
InConversation.
Toloveoneselfisthebeginningofalife-longromance.PhrasesandPhilosophiesfortheUseoftheYoung.
Amancanbehappywithanywomanaslongashedoesnotloveher.
ThePictureofDorianGray.
Youngmenwanttobefaithfulandarenot;oldmenwanttobefaithlessandcannot.
ThePictureofDorianGray.
13/38II.TextAnalysis
Structure1)
Nightingalestruckbythe“themysteryoflove”2)Nightingalelookingforaredrosetofacilitatethelove3)Nightingalesacrificingherlifeforaredrose4)Studentdiscardingtheredrose14/38Genreofthisstoryanditscharacteristics:
Fairytales-fairiesplayapart
-containsupernaturalormagicalelements
-children’sstories
-fullofveiledcommentsonlife15/38Characteristics:1)personificationofbirds,insects,animalsandtrees2)
vivid,simplenarration---typicaloftheoraltraditionoffairytales3)repetitivepattern16/38Symbolicmeaningsof“Redrose”,“Lizard”“Butterfly”and“Nightingale”:
Symbolicmeanings:Redrose---truelove,whichneedsconstant
nourishmentofpassionsofthelovers.
Lizard---cynic(cynicalpeople)
cynic:apersonwhoseeslittleornogoodinanythingandwhohasnobeliefinhumanprogress;personwhoshowsthisbysneeringandbeingcontemptuous.Nightingale---atruthful,devotedpursuerof
love,whodarestosacrificehis
ownpreciouslifeStudent---notatruelover,ignorantoflove,notpersistentinpursuinglove17/38Wilde’scommentsinalettertooneofhisfriends(May1888):Thenightingaleisthetruelover,ifthereisone.
She,atleast,isRomance,andthestudentandthegirlare,likemostofus,unworthyofRomance.
So,atleast,itseemstome,butIliketofancythattheremaybemanymeaningsinthetale,forinwritingitIdidnotstartwithanideaandclotheitinform,butbeganwithaformandstrovetomakeitbeautifulenoughtohavemanysecretsandmanyanswers.
18/38Otheranalyses
1)TheStudent'sone-sidedpreferenceforwordknowledgeoveremotionsisclearfromthemomenthefirstseestherose.
"Itissobeautiful,"hesays,"thatIamsureithasalongLatinname".
TheStudent,theyoungwoman,andtheirsocietyareallone-sidedpsychically.
Theyhavedevaluedthe"capacitytolove",heresymbolizedbyboththeNightingaleandtherose.
2)Therelationshipofheadandheart
isacentralconcernofWilde'sfairytales.
Promisingtoprovidetheredrose"outofmusicbymoonlight"andto"stainitwithmyownheart's-blood,"theNightingaleasksoftheStudentonlythathe"willbeatruelover,forLoveiswiserthanPhilosophy,thoughsheiswise,andmightierthanPower,"
ButtheStudentcannotunderstandwhattheNightingalesays,"forheonlyknewthethingsthatarewrittendowninbooks.”Hehastoomuch"head"knowledgeandalmostno"heart"knowledge.19/383)WildeisrightthattheonlyloveristheNightingale.
Thewholenessitachievesissymbolizedbythediscarded,devaluedrose.
Intheend,theStudentandtheyoungwomanrejectthewholenessofferedbythatsymbol.20/38Figurativespeechesusedinthetext:
1)Personification
---
givehumanformsorfeelingstoanimals,orlife
andpersonalattributestoinanimateobjects,ortoideasandabstractions.
e.g.
Time,youoldgypsyman,
Willyounotstay,
Putupyourcaravan
Justforoneday?2)Simileandmetaphor
Simile:…hervoicewaslikewaterbubblingfromasilverjar.
…aswhiteasthefoamofthesea…
Metaphor:...andthecoldcrystalmoon21/38Writingtechniques:
Climax--derivedfromtheGreekword“ladder,”impliestheprogressionofthoughtatauniformoralmost
uniformrateofsignificanceorintensitye.g.
Icame,Isaw,Iconquered.Somebooksaretobetasted,otherstobeswallowed,andsomefewtobechewedanddigested.Anti-climax:
---statingone’sthoughtsinadescendingorderofsignificanceorintensity,oftenusedtoridiculeorsatire.22/38eg.
1.
Asaseriousman,IlovedBeethoven,Keats,andhotdogs.
2.ForGod,forAmerica,forYale.
3.Youmanageabusiness,stocks,bonds,people.
Andnowyoucanmanageyourhair.23/38Syntacticdevice:Inversion…yetforwantofaredroseismylifemadewretched.(foremphasis)…Crimsonwasthegirdleofpetals,andcrimsonasrubywastheheart.
Shepassedthroughthegrovelikeashadowandlikeashadowsheshesailedacrossthegarden.
NightafternighthaveIsungofhim.24/38I.LanguagePoints1.jewels(gems):emeralds(绿宝石),
ruby(红宝石),
sapphire(蓝宝石),jade(翡翠)diamondplants:daisy(雏菊),rose,
oak-tree(橡树)daffodil水仙花
animals:nightingale,lizard(蜥蜴),butterflysubjects:philosophy,metaphysics(形而上学),
logicstringedinstruments:harp(竖琴),violin25/382.want:1)theconditionorqualityoflackingsomethingusualornecessary
for/fromwantof因为缺乏
Theplantsdiedfor/fromwantofwater.
stayedhomeforwantofanythingbettertodo.2)pressingneed;贫困
toliveinwant=toliveinpoverty3)somethingdesired:
inwantof=inneedof
Areyouinwantofmoney?
He’sapersonoffewwantsandneeds.26/383.fling1)
tothrowviolently,withforce
Don’tflingyourclothesonthefloor.2)tomoveviolentlyorquickly
Sheflungherselfdownonthesofa.
Sheflungbackherheadproudly.3)todevoteto
Heflunghimselfintothetask.27/384.bloomvi.toproduceflowers,yieldflowers,comeintoflowerorbeinflower开花
Therosesareblooming.blossom1)
vi.(ofaseed
plant,esp
atreeorplant)toproduceoryieldflowers,bloom
Theapplestreesareblossoming.2)vi.todevelop
Theirfriendshipblossomedwhentheyfoundouthowmanyintereststheyshared.28/385.ebbn.
1.Thetideisontheebb.
2.Thefinancialresourceshavereacheditslowestebb.vi.1)fallbackfromthefloodstage
Thetidewillbegintoebbat4o’clock.
2)tofallawayorback;declineorrecede
Thedangerofconflictisnotebbingthere.29/386.lingervi.1)tobeslowinleaving,especiallyoutofreluctance
Thechildrenlingeredatthezoountilclosingtime.2)toproceedslowlylingeroverone’swork(磨洋工)3)topersistWinterlingers.vt.topass(aperiodoftime)inaleisurelyoraimlessmanner.
Welingeredawaythewholesummeratthebeach.30/38
7.see
1)seeaboutdoing:attendto,makearrangementsfor,dealwith安排,处理
Itistimeformetoseeaboutcookingthedinner.2)seesomethingout:tolastuntiltheendof熬过,度过
Willoursuppliesseethewinterout?
Itwassuchabadplaywecouldn’tseeouttheperformanceandweleftearly.3)seethroughsb./sth
Thepaperistoothicktoseethough.
Itwasahardtimeforus,butwemanagedtoseeitthrough.4)seetosomething:toattendto,takecareof负责,留心
IfIseetogettingthecarout,willyouseetoclosingthewindows?31/388.go1)goaboutsomething:toperformtodo从事,着手
togoaboutone’sbusiness
Don’tgoaboutthejobthatway.2)goaftersb/sth
togoafterajob,agirl,aprize3)goagainstsb/sth
Opinionisgoingagainstus.
Thecasemaygoagainstus.4)goalong:vi.toagreewith,support
We’llgoalongwithyou/yoursuggestion.32/385)goround
vi.萦绕,
Thereisatunegoingroundinmyhead.
Iftherearenotenoughchairstogoround,somepeoplehavetostand.6)gobackonsth
Don’tgobackonyourpromise.
Nevergobackonyourfriends.背叛,出卖7)goby
vi.
Heletthechancego
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