英语修辞Analogy省公开课一等奖全国示范课微课金奖课件

EnglishRhetoric英语修辞学1/34AestheticRhetoric美学修辞2/34FiguresofSpeech英语修辞格3/34FiguresofSimilarity相同修辞学4/34I.FiguresofSimilarity1.Simile2.Metaphor3.Analogy4.Personification5/34Analogy类推6/341.DefinitionofAnalogy

Analogyisalsoaformofcomparison,butunlikesimileormetaphorwhichusuallyconcentrateononepointofresemblance,7/341.DefinitionofAnalogyanalogydrawsaparallelbetweentwounlikethingsthathaveseveralcommonqualities,orpointsofresemblance.8/342.ThefunctionofAnalogy

Thefunctionofanalogydiffersfromthatofsimileormetaphor.Whilethelatterfiguresservetoheighteneffectwithvividimagery,9/342.ThefunctionofAnalogyAnalogyischieflyusedforthepurposeofpersuasionorfortheexplanationorexpositionofanidea.10/342.ThefunctionofAnalogy

Analogiesarenotlogical,butemotional.Analogyistherealmoftherhetoricofassociationinpersuasion.Itisacomparisonbetweentwounlikethings.e.g.:Corruptionandcancerarelike.11/342.ThefunctionofAnalogyAnalogy:Corruptionislikecancer.Agreedphenomenon:Cancermustbecutoutruthlessly.Conclusion:Corruptionmustbecutoutruthlessly.Sentence:Corruptionistoasocietywhatcanceristoabody.12/342.ThefunctionofAnalogyAnalogy

Theanalogycanbedevelopedthroughasmanyparallelsimilaritiesasthewritercanthinkof,toconvincethereaderthatthethingsarealikeinsomanyrespects,soaconclusiondrawnfromonethingsuggestsasimilarconclusionfromtheotherthing.13/342.ThefunctionofAnalogy

Analogy

pointsoutalargenumberofsimilaritiesbetweenthetwounlikes.

Themorepointsofsimilarity,thestrongertheanalogy.e.g.:Readingistomindwhatfoodistothebody.14/343.Analogyisusuallyconstructedinthefollowingpatterns:1)AistoBwhatCistoD.=WhatCistoD,AistoB.

(1)Foodistomanwhatfuelistoengine.(2)Theairistomanwhatwateristofish.15/343.PatternsofAnalogy2)AtoBisasCtoD.=AistoAasCistoD.(1)Foodtomanisasfueltoengine.(2)Threeistooneasnineistothree.16/343.PatternsofAnalogy3)(Just)asAistoB,(so)CistoD.=AsAdoesB,soCdoesD.=JustasAdidB,soCdidDe.g.:(1)Justasdarkcloudscannotlonghidethesun,(so)noliescancoverupfacts.17/343.PatternsofAnalogy(2)JustasDarwindiscoveredthelawoforganicnature,soMarxdiscoveredthelawofdevelopmentofhumanhistory.4)IfAwereB,CwouldbeD.e.g.Iflovewerewhattheroseis,Iwouldbeliketheleaf.18/343.PatternsofAnalogy5)AistoBthesamewayasCistoD.e.g.:Youthsaretoasocietythesamewayasnewcellsaretoabody.19/34

4.ExercisesforAnalogy

PutthefollowingsentencesofAnalogyintoChinese1).Whatsculptureistotheblockofmarble,

educationistothesoul.=Educationistothesoulwhatsculptureistotheblockofmarble.教育之于心灵如同雕刻之于大理石。20/344.PutthefollowingsentencesofAnalogyintoChinese2)Thechess-boardistheworld;

thepiecesarethephenomenaoftheuniverse;therulesofgamearewhatwecallthelawofNature.棋盘如同世界，棋子如世界上各种现象，而下棋规则则如自然规律。21/344.PutthefollowingsentencesofAnalogyintoChinese3)JustastheIndustrialRevolutiontookoveranimmenserangeoftasksfrommen’smusclesandenormouslyexpandedproductivity,sothemicrocomputerisrapidlyassuminghugeburdensofdullworkfromhumanbrainandtherebyexpandingthemind’scapacitiesinwaysthatmanhasonlybeguntograsp.22/344.Translation

oftheAnalogy翻译：正如工业革命把人从大量繁重体力劳动中解放出来，而且极大地扩大了生产力，电脑速猛地把人从许多乏味脑力劳动中解放出来，而且扩大了人们刚才开始掌握人脑容量。23/344.PutthefollowingsentencesofAnalogyintoChinese4)Theskyistobirdswhattheseaistofish.天空对于鸟儿如同大海对于鱼儿。5)Pensaretowriterswhatweaponsaretosoldiers.笔对于作家如同武器对于战兵。24/345.TranslatethefollowingintoEnglish,usingAnalogy

1)马克思对社会发展贡献如同达尔文对生物学发展贡献一样。MarxdidforthedevelopmentofsocietywhatDarwindidforthedevelopmentofbiology.Or:Justas…,so…;25/345.Translatethefollowing,usingAnalogy

2)文化多样性之于人类社会，如同生物多样性之于自然界一样。Thediversitiesofculturesaretothehumansocietywhat/thesamewayasthevarietiesofcreaturesaretonature.Or:Justas…,so….26/345.Translatethefollowing,usingAnalogy3)葡萄酒对于法国人如同啤酒对于英国人。WineistoFrenchpeoplewhatbeeristoBritishpeople.Or:As…,so….27/345.Translatethefollowing,usingAnalogy4)青年之于社会如同新鲜细胞之于人体。Youthsaretoasocietywhatnewcellsaretoabody.28/34Moreexamples1.Asthetreewillturngreeninspring,soourdreamwillcometrueinthefuture.

2.Asthelionisthekingofbeasts,soistheeaglethekingofbirds/sotheeagleisthekingofbirds.29/34Moreexamples3.Asthechildhoodshowstheman,somornigshowstheday.4.Asbloodvesselsaretoaman'sbody,sorailwayistotransportation.=Thatbloodvesselsaretoaman'sbodyissuchsorailwayistotransportation.30/34Moreexamples5.Asthemedicinehealsthewounds,sotimehealsheartbreak.6.Asemptyvesselsmaketheloudestsound,sothosewhohavetheleastwitarethegreatestbabblers.8.Aslungsaretotheanimals,soleavesaretotheplants.31/34HomeworkWriteorcollectsomesente