历年真题重点讲解3

刖

《北京地区成人本科学位英语统一考试最新预测试卷》是中国人民大学英语三级红

宝书系列的重要的一本书，编者根据新大纲的考试要求和最新命题方向，精心编制了

这10套模拟题，目的是帮助考生在夯实基础、强化提高的基础上检查复习效果，体验

临场实战的感觉。

本书特点之一：

内容新，针对性强，选材广泛，关注历年真题常涉及领域。帮助考生模拟演练,

检查复习效果，发现问题与不足，在最后阶段进行针对性地提高。

本书特点之二：

本书是根据考试大纲的要求，结合作者近几年辅导和命题研究的经验，在近几年

考试情况的基础上，命制的10套与大纲要求完全一致的模拟试题。在编写这10套题

时，既注重文章内容的深度和广度，使其覆盖更广的知识面，又注重了考题难度的要

求，力求接近考题。

编者

于中国人民大学

模拟试题一

PartIReadingComprehension(30%)

Directions:Therearethreepassagesinthispart.Eachpassageisfollowedbysome

questionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,C

andD.Youshoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronthe

AnswerSheetwithasinglelinethroughthecenter.

Passage1

Questions1to5arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

Whatexactlyisalie?Isitanythingwesaywhichweknowisuntrue?Orisit

somethingmorethanthat?Forexample,supposeafriendwantstoborrowsomemoneyfrom

you.Yousay“IwishIcouldhelpyoubutI'mshortofmoneymyself."Infact,youarenot

shortofmoneybutyourfriendisinthehabitofnotpayinghisdebtandyoudon'twantto

hurthisfeelingsbyremindinghimofthis.Isthisrallyalie?

ProfessorJeraldJellisonoftheUniversityofSouthernCaliforniahasmadeascientific

studyoflying.(76)Accordingtohim,womenarebelterliarsihanmee,particularlywhen

tellinga“whitelie",suchaswhenawomanatapartytellsanotherwomanthatshelikesher

dresswhenshereallythinksitlooksawful.However,thisisonlyonesideofthestory.Other

researcherssaythatmenaremorelikelytotellmoreseriouslies,suchasmakingapromise

whichtheyhavenointensionoffulfilling.Thisisthekindofliepoliticiansandbusinessmen

aresupposedtobeparticularlyskilledat:theliefromwhichtheliarhopestoprofitorgain

insomeway.

Researchhasalsobeendoneintothewaypeople'sbehaviorchangesinanumberof

small,apparentlyunimportantwayswhentheylie.Ithasbeenfoundthatiftheyaresitting

downatthetime,theytendtomoveaboutintheirchairsmorethanusual.Tothetrained

observertheyaresaying“IwishIweresomewhereelsenow."Theyalsotendtotouch

certainpartsofthefacemoreoften,inparticularthenose.Oneexplanationofthismaybe

thatlyingcausesaslightincreaseinbloodpressure.Thetipofthenoseisverysensitiveto

suchchangesandtheincreasedpressuresmakeititch.

AnothergesturewhichgivesliarsawayiswhatthewriterDesmondMorrisinhisbook

Manwatchingcalls“themouthcover”.(77)Hesaysthereareseveraltypicalformsofthis,

suchascoveringpartofthemouthwiththefingers,touchingtheupper-liDorputtingafinger

ofthehandatonesideofthemouth.Suchagesturecanbeunderstoodasanunconscious

attemptonthepartoftheliartostophimselforherselffromlying.

Ofcourse,suchgesturesasrubbingthenoseorcoveringthemouth,ormovingaboutin

achaircannotbetakenasproofthatthespeakerislying.Theysimplytendtooccurmore

frequentlyinthissituation.Itisnotonegesturealonethatgivestheliarawaybutawhole

numberofthings,andinparticularthecontextinwhichthelieistold.

1.Accordingtothepassage,a"whitelie“seemstobealie

A.thatotherpeoplebelieve

B.thatotherpeopledon'tbelieve

C.toldinordertoavoidoffendingsomeone

D.toldinordertotakeadvantageofsomeone

2.Researchsuggeststhatwomen

A.arebetterattellinglessseriousliesthanmenare

B.generallyliefarmorethanmendo

C.lieatpartiesmoreoftenthanmendo

D.oftenmakepromisestheyintendtobreak

3.Researchersfindthatwhenapersontellslies

A.hisbloodpressureincreasesmeasurably

B.helooksveryserious

C.hetendstomakesomesmallchangesinhisbehavior

D.heuseshisunconsciousmind

4.Onereasonpeoplesometimesrubtheirnoseswhentheylieisthat

A.theywishtheyweresomewhereelse

B.thenoseissensitivetophysicalchangescausedbylying

C.theywanttocovertheirmouths

D.theyaretryingtostopthemselvesfromtellinglies

5.Thetoneofthispassagetellsusthatthewriter

A.hatestolie

B.enjoyslying

C.oftentellsalie

D.triestoanalyzelying

Passage2

Question6to10arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

(78)Letchildrenlearntojudgetheirownwork.Achildlearningtotalkdoesnotlearnby

beingcorrectedallthetime:ifcorrectedtoomuch,hewillstoptalking.Henoticesathousand

timesadaythedifferencebetweenthelanguageheusesandthelanguagethosearoundhimuse.

Bitbybit,hemakesthenecessarychangestomakehislanguagelikeotherpeople's.Inthesame

way,childrenlearningtodoalltheotherthingstheylearntodowithoutbeingtaught—towalk,

run,climb,whistle,rideabicycle-comparetheirownperformanceswiththoseofmoreskilled

people,andslowlymaketheneededchanges.Butinschoolwenevergiveachildachanceto

findouthismistakesandcorrectthemforhimself.Wedoitallforhim.Weactasifwethought

thathewouldnevernoticeamistakeunlessitwaspointedouttohim,orcorrectitunlesshewas

madeto.Lethimworkout,withthehelpofotherchildrenifhewantsit,whathiswordsays,

whattheansweristothatproblem,whetherthisisagoodwayofsayingordoingthisornot.

Ifitisamatterofrightanswers,asitmaybeinmathematicsorscience,givehimthe

answerbook.Lethimcorrecthisownpapers.Whyshouldweteacherswastetimeonsuch

routinework?Ourjobshouldbetohelpthechildwhenhetellsthathecan'tfindthewaytoget

therightanswer.Letthechildrenlearnwhatalleducatedpersonsmustsomedaylearn,howto

measuretheirownunderstanding,howtoknowwhattheyknowordonotknow.

6.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisthebestwayforchildrentolearn

things?

A.Listeningtoskilledpeople'sadvice.

B.Askingolderpeoplemanyquestions.

C.Makingmistakesandhavingthemcorrected.

D.Doingwhatotherpeopledo.

7.ThewriterthinkteachersshouldNOT.

A.givechildrencorrectanswersB.allowchildrentomakemistakes

C.pointoutchildren'smistakestothemD.letchildrenmarktheirownwork

8.Accordingtothewriter,teachersinschoolshould.

A.allowchildrentolearnfromeachother

B.pointoutchildren'smistakeswheneverfound

C.conectchildren'smistakesassoonaspossible

D.givechildrenmorebookknowledge

9.Accordingtothepassage,learningtospeakandlearningtorideabicycleare.

A.differentfromlearningotherskillsB.thesameaslearningotherskills

C.moreimportantthanotherskillsD.notreallyimportantskills

10.Thetitleofthispassagecouldprobablybe.

A.LetUsTeachersStopWork

B.LetUsMakeChildrenLearn

C.LetChildrenCorrectTheirExercises

D.LetChildrenLearnByThemselves

Passage3

Questions1to5arebasedonthefollowingpassage:

(79)Johnhadboughtapacketofcigarettesjustbeforewecaughtthetrainandhe

offeredmeoneaswesettledourselvesinourcompartment.Wewereonourwaybackfrom

acampingholiday；wehadlivedroughforoverafortnightandevenacigarettewasaluxury

atthatmoment.

Ifeltinmypocketforaboxofmatches,butcouldnotfindany.

“Ihaven'tgotanyeither,“saidJohn.

Sittingoppositetouswasamanwhosefacewashiddenbyanewspaper.

“Excuseme,sir,"saidJohn,leaningacross.t4Couldyougivemealight,please?^^

Thenewspaperwasloweredtorevealaratherelderlymanwithasternface.

“Thisisanosmokingcompartment,vthemansaid.Heindicatedthenoticenearthe

window.Weapologizedandputawayourunlitcigarettes.

(80)Themanwenton,inarathermorekindlyway,towarnusagainstthedangersof

smoking.

“Ispeakasadoctor,heconcluded,andafterthathewentbacktoreadinghis

newspaper.

Whenhegotoutafewstationslater,helefthisnewspaperbehindhim.Wepickeditup,

eagertofindoutwhathadhappenedwhilewewereonholiday.

“Justlookatthis,“remarkedJohn,pointingtoaphotograph,"it'sthemanwhowas

sittingoppositeus."Underneaththephotographwasanaccountofalunatic(精神病者)who

hadrecentlyescaped.Itappearedthathelikedtopretendtobeadoctor.

11.Thefriendshadspenttheirholiday.

A.onaboatB.inatentC.onafarmD.withan

aunt

12.Theirholidayhadlasted.

A.morethantwoweeksB.justtwoweeks

C.lessthantwoweeksD.aweekortwo

13.Theman.

A.threwhisnewspaperaway

B.offeredthemhisnewspaper

C.droppedhisnewspaper

D.didnottakehisnewspaperwithhim

14.Thetwofriendsreadthenewspaper.

A.inahurryB.withgreatinterest

C.topassthetimeD.tolookatthepictures

15.Theman'sphotographwasinthenewspaperbecausehewas.

A.adoctorB.aspacemanC.amadmanD.anactor

PartIIVocabularyandStructure(30%)

Directions:Inthispart,thereare30incompletesentences.Foreachsentencetherearefour

choicesmarkedA,B,CandD.ChoosetheONEanswerthatbestcompletesthesentence.Then

markthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheetwithasinglelinethroughthecentre.

16.thefactthattheareahadbeenhitbytheseverestdroughtintwentyyears,a

fairlygoodharvestwasgatheredin.

A.InspiteB.Despite

C.InspitethatD.Despiteof

17.1objectedthemeetingwithouthim.

A.tohaveB.tohavingC.havingD.have

18.Therewasnosensehimtocomeearlysinceeverythingwasready.

A.toaskB.tohaveasked

C.inaskingD.beingasking

19.herinexperience,shehasdonequiteagoodjob.

A.ProvidedB.GivenC.SeenD.Suppose

20.Themoviestarwithyoursister,didn'the?

A.wasusedtodanceB.usedtodancing

C.usedtodanceD.wasusedtodancing

21.Everymeanssincethen.

A.hasbeentryingB.havebeentrying

C.havebeentriedD.hasbeentried

22.'Tdliketobuyanexpensivecamera.”

“Well,wehaveseveralmodelsforyou

A.tobechosenfromB.ofchoice

C.tochoosefromD.forchoosing

23.ThepictureremindsmethetimewespenttogetherinNewYork.

A.ofB.inC.forD.to

24.1oweyousomemoney.Letmepayyounow.

A.backB.forC.inD.to

25.Aloneinadesertedhouse,hewassobusywithhisresearchworkthathe

feltlonely.

A.nothingbutB.anythingbutC.allbutD.everythingbut

26.,thenewelectronicdevicetheydesignedisnowinregularoperation.

A.WiththesolvedproblemB.Withthisproblembeingsolved

C.WiththeproblemsolvedD.Withthisproblemtosolve

27.Wearelookingforwardtotothelecturebythefamousprofessor.

A.sendB.besentC.beingsentD.sending

28.1suddenlyrealizedthathewastryingtoquarrellingwithme.

A.considerB.enjoyC.avoidD.prevent

29.Itwasnotaseriousaccident;ourcarneedsonlysomerepairs.

A.majorB.secondaryC.minorD.primary

30.We'vesugar.AskMrs.Jonestolendussome.

A.runawaywithB.rundownC.runoffD.runoutof

31.Itisnecessarythatanefficientworkerhisworkontime.

A.accomplishesB.canaccomplish

C.accomplishD.hasaccomplished

32.Motherinsistedthat.

A.theyaretobebackbeforenineintheevening

B.theyoughttobebackbeforenineintheevening

C.theybebackbeforenineintheevening

D.theyhadtobebackbeforenineintheevening

33.canbejudgedfromhereyes,shehasnopersonalhostilitytous.

A.ItB.AsC.WhichD.That

34.Thepoliticianurgedthatallcitizenstothepollsonelectionday.

A.hadgoneB.wentC.mustgoD.go

35.Noonedoubtsheisthebestleaderinthecompany.

A.whetherB.ifC.whatD.that

36.Franklyspeaking,Tdratheryouanythingaboutitforthetimebeing.

A.didn'tdoB.haven'tC.didn'tD.havedone

37.Henrylookedverymuchwhenhewascaughtcheatinginthebiologyexam.

A.discouragedB.embarrassed

C.disappointedD.bewildered

38.TheAnti-JapaneseWarin1937anditeightyears.

A.wasbrokenout;lastedB.brokeout;lasted

C.broke;remainedD.hadbeenbrokenout;kept

39.Hardlyhadhefinishedhisspeechtheaudiencestartedcheering.

A.thenB.whenC.thanD.as

40.Thechildwasimmediatelyaftersupper.

A.sotiredthathewenttobedB.enoughtiredtogotobe

C.tootiredtogotobedD.verytired,hewenttobed

41.1didnotchooseanyofthethreeways,becauseIfoundsatisfactory.

A.neitherofthemB.eitherofthemC.noneofthemD.noneofit

42.Howweachancetovisityourgreatcountry!

A.lookedforB.longedforC.waitedforD.wentfor

43.Don'ttoletmeknowifthereisanythingIcandoforyou.

A.rejectB.preventC.hesitateD.refuse

44.Childrenshouldn'tleavetheirtoysonthefloor.Theyshould.

A.putoutthemB.putoffthemC.putthemawayD.putthemoff

45.Thetravelerbroughtbacksomeoftherocksfromthemountains.

A.samplesB.specimensC.selectionsD.examples

PartIIIIdentiHcation(10%)

Directions:EachofthefollowingsentenceshasfourunderlinedpartsmarkedA,B,Cand

D.Identifytheonethatisnotcorrect.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheet

withasinglelinethroughthecenter.

46.Ifyoutakeaten・orfifteen・minutesvacationintotherealmofimaginationeach

ABC

day,youmayaddmuchtotheexcitementandenjoymentofyourlife.

D

47.Susan,togetherwithherhusbandandtwosons,aretoarriveontheeveningflight.

ABCD

48.Onlyinthiswaywecanwinthematch.

ABCD

49.Scientistsandeconomistsbelievethathumanbeingcanneveruseawayallthe

ABC

mineralresourcesonEarth.

D

50.WhenIgottothecinema,thefilmhadalreadystarted;Ioughttogetthereearlier.

ABCD

51.Einstein'srelativitytheoryistheonlyonewhatcanexplainsuchphenomena.

ABCD

52.1can'thelptothinkitwouldbefuntoplaysuchanexcitinggamewiththem.

ABCD

53.Ridingontheswings(秋千)andplayingwiththeducksinthepondwasour

AB

children'sgreatestpleasurewhenwetookthemtothepark.

CD

54.Paulsuggestedthatiheymeelinthefrontoftheschoolgateatoneo'clockFriday

ABCD

afternoon.

55.Smithsoldmostofhisbelongings.Hehashardlynothingleftinthehouse.

ABCD

PartIVCloze(10%)

Directions:Thereare20blanksinthefollowingpassage,andforeachblankthereare4

choicesmarkedA,B,CandDattheendofthepassage.YoushouldchooseONEanswer

thatbestfitintothepassage.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheetwitha

singlelinethroughthecenter.

Doyouforgettoturnoffthelightsandheaterswhenyougooutofaroom?In2040it

willnot56.Theywillturnthemselvesoff-andonagainwhenyoureturn.Asensorwill

57_thepresenceofahumanandturnthesystemson,andwhenthehumans58itwill

turnthemoffagain.

Thesensorswillwork59thecentralhomecomputer,andtheywilldomuchmore

thanjustturnthefiresandlightsonandoffforyou.Theywilldetect60_electrical

appliances,plugsorswitches,61_themsothattheycannotharmanyoneandthen62_you

thattheyneed63.Theywilldetectfireandifyouareoutofthehouse,thecomputer

willcallthefirebrigade.Itwillalsocallthepolice64thesensorsdetectanintruder(I闯入

名.).Thiswillnotbetoodifficult65_thelocksonthe66doorswillbeelectronic.You

willopenthemusingyour67card一theoneyouusefor68-maybeusinganumber

69onlytoyou.

Thecomputerwillbe70thanafireman-policemanservant.Itwillbeanentertainer,

andmostofyour71_willcome72intoyourhome.Itdoesnow,73by

2040,,entertainmenf,will74muchmore.Foronething,youwillbeabletotake75_

actively,ratherthanjustwatching...

56.A.matterB.functionC.workD.mind

57.A.evaluateB.uncoverC.detectD.expose

58.A.retireB.leaveC.withdrawD.retreat

59.A.duringB.inC.throughD.between

60.A.displeasingB.unpleasantC.faultyD.mistaken

61.A.departB.isolateC.divideD.break

62.A.warnB.tellC.persuadeD.assure

63.A.mendingB.referenceC.separationD.repair

64.A.willB.shouldC.shallD.can

65.A.unlessB.ifC.whenD.because

66.A.insideB.outsideC.outstandingD.obvious

67.A.personalB.personnelC.particularD.general

68.A.hiringB.buyingC.renewing0.shopping

69.A.realizedB.adaptedC.knownD.informed

70.A.moreB.muchC.manyD.fewer

71.A.achievementsB.announcementsC.improvementD.

entertainment

72.A.onlyB.rightC.correctlyD.fast

73.A.butB.orC.otherD.then

74.A.intendB.understandC.meanD.program

75.A.partB.placeC.stepD.action

PartVTranslation(20%)

SectionA

Directions:Inthispart,therearefivesentenceswhichyoushouldtranslateintoChinese.

Thesesentencesarealltakenfromthe3passagesyouhavejustreadinthepartofReading

Comprehension.Youcanreferbacktothepassagessoastoidentifytheirmeaningsinthe

context.

76.Accordingtohim,womenarebetterliarsthanmen.

77.Hesaysthereareseveraltypicalformsofthis,suchascoveringpartofthemouthwith

thefingers,touchingtheupper-liporputtingafingerofthehandatonesideofthemouth.

78.Letchildrenlearntojudgetheirownwork.

79.Johnhadboughtapacketofcigarettesjustbeforewecaughtthetrainandheofferedme

oneaswesettledourselvesinourcompartment,(passage1)

80.Themanweaton,inarathermorekindlyway,towarnusagainstthedangersof

smoking,(passage1)

SectionB

Directions:Inthispart,therearefivesentencesinChinese.Youshouldtranslatetheminto

English.Besuretowriteclearly.

81.大学生参加社会实践是很重要的。

82.只要我们开动脑筋，一定会想出新点子。

83.这个房间恰好同那个房间一样大。

84.这就是第次世界大战爆发的地方。

85.我过去对发音注意得更多一些就好了。

模拟试题一答案详解

Passage1

-文章总体结构分析

全篇围绕“谎言”这一主题展开叙述：第一段通过举例及疑问的方式探讨究竟什么才

算是谎言；第二段介绍了南加州大学的JeraldJellison教授做过一个关于说谎的科学研

究的结论，即男人和女人说谎是不同的，而男人更可能说更严重的谎言；第三段则介

绍了说谎时行为上的一些细微的改变；第四段主要讲述了说谎时“封嘴”这一具体行

为；最后又补充说明以上举止并不能构成讲话者正在说谎的证据，而是系列的东西，

特别是说谎者所说的谎言本身。

二试题具体分析

1.【答案】C本题考查的是考生对细节的把握，答案对应于文章第一、二段。第一

段中“youdon'twanttohurthisfeelingsbyremindinghimofthis.”,第二段又用举例的方

法解释了whitelie的含义。这个例子就是"suchaswhenawomanatapartytellsanother

womanthatshelikesherdresswhenshereallythinkitlooksawful.”

2.【答案】A本题考查的也是考生对细节的把握，答案对应文章的第二段。该段比

较了男人和女人说谎的不同，而且男人更可能说更严重的谎言。参见第二段中句子

“Otherresearcherssaythatmenaremorelikelytotellmoreseriouslies,”这里的比较

就是与前一句中女人撒谎相比。

3.【答案】C本题考查的也是考生对细节的把握，答案对应于第三段第•句：Research

hasalsobeendoneintothewaypeople'sbehaviorchangesinanumberofsmall,apparently

unimportantwayswhentheylie.同样有研究侧重于当人们说谎时他们行为的一些细小

的，明显的不重要的改变，很容易看出答案C与该句符合。

4.【答案】B本题考查的也是考生对细节的把握，答案对应于第三段最后一句：The

tipofthenoseisverysensitivetosuchchangesandtheincreasedpressuresmakeititch.鼻

尖对这样的变化非常敏感，血压的增加使得它发痒，即与B选项吻合。

5.【答案】D此题考查的是考生对整篇短文的观点的理解。文章首先讲到男人女人

说谎的不同，而后又分析说谎时人们行为方式的变化等等，所以说文章是在分析说谎。

其他选项错误。

三文章长难句分析与佳句赏析

1.Infact,youarenotshortofmoneybutyourfriendisinthehabitofnotpayinghisdebt

andyoudon'twanttohurthisfeelingsbyremindinghimofthis.实际上，你并不缺钱，但

是你的这位朋友却有欠钱不还的习惯而你又不想通过提醒他这点而伤害他的感情。句

子结构分析：youarenotshortof…butyourfriendisinthehabitof,,•andyoudon'twant

to…by…；shortof…缺乏…;inthehabitof…养成…习惯;payone'sdeb还…的债；remind

sbof…提醒某人使想起…。

2.Hesaysthereareseveraltypicalformsofthis,suchascoveringpanofthemoulhwilhthe

fingers,touchingtheupper-liDorputtingafingerofthehandatonesideofthemouth.他说

有几种动作形式，例如用手指掩一部分嘴，摸上嘴唇或者一个手指支在嘴角。句子结

构分析:Hesaysthereareseveraltypicalformsofthis,suchas・••；cover,,•with*・•用•••遮盖。

四、核心词汇

shortof…缺乏…；inthehabitof…养成,••习惯；payone'sdeb还…的债；remindsbof-**

提醒某人使想起…；liar惯于说谎者；awful糟糕的;fulfill履行，实现，完成；sensitive

敏感的，灵敏的；give…away出卖…；unconscious无意识的，不省人事；attempt尝试，

努力,试图；rub擦,摩擦；context上下文；itch发痒;

五、全文翻译

谎言究竟是什么？是说一些我们知道不是真实的事情？还是甚于这些？例如，假

设个朋友向你借钱。你说‘'我希望能帮助你，但我现在自己也缺钱。”实际上，你并

不缺钱，但是你的这位朋友却有欠钱不还的习惯而你又不想通过提醒他这点而伤害他

的感情。这是一个真正的谎言吗？

南加州大学的JeraldJellison教授做过一个关于说谎的科学研究。研究显示女人比

男人更善于说谎，特别是说“善意的谎言”，例如在一个派对上一个女人称赞另一个女

人的衣服而实际上她认为那衣服很难看。然而这只是故事的一方面。其他的研究者说

男人更倾向于说一些较严重的谎言，例如承诺他们从来没想过要实现的承诺。政客和

商人似乎特别擅长于此类谎言：说谎者可从谎言中获利或在某些方面得到好处。

同样有研究侧重于当人们说谎时他们行为的一些细小的，明显的不重要的改变。

结果表明如果他们当时坐着，那么他们会更多的在椅子中移动。他们对受过训练的观

察者承认“我希望我是在另一个地方”。他们也会更多的触摸脸部的某些部分，特别是

鼻子。一个解释是因为说谎会使血压产生微小的变化。鼻尖对这样的变化非常敏感，

血压的增加使得它发痒。

另一个将说谎者出卖的举动是在DesmondMorris的书《Manwatching》中提到的

“封嘴”。他说有几种动作形式，例如用手指掩一部分嘴，摸上嘴唇或者•个手指支在

嘴角。这样的行为可以看作是一•种阻止说谎者继续说谎的下意识举动。

当然，这些举止，例如摸鼻子或者掩盖嘴唇，或者在椅子中移动都不能作为讲话

者正在说谎的证据。只是这些行为在这样的情况下更容易发生。不是一个举止就可以

将说谎者出卖，而是一系列的东西，特别是说谎者所说的谎言本身。

Passage2

一、文章总体结构分析

文章第一段主要围绕让孩子们学会判断他们自己的工作而论述，通过列举事实讲述了

要给孩子留有空间，让他们自己在学习中成长，而非总是来指导他们什么是正确的什

么是不正确的；第二段主要谈论在学校老师们总是给学生指出错误，应该让学生自己

发现错误，自己改正。

二、试题具体分析

6.【答案】D。本题考查的是考生对细节的把握，答案对应文章第一段，其中列举了大量

事实讲述要给孩子留有空间，让他们自己在学习中成长，而并非总是来指导他们什么是正

确什么不是正确。与D项更好相符。

7.【答案】C。本题考查的也是考生对细节的把握，答案对应文章第一段后两句，根据其内

容我们可以知道作者认为教师不能老是给学生指出错误，应该让学生自己发现错误，自己

改正。

8.【答案】A。本题考查的也是考生对细节的把握，答案对应文章第一段的内容。按照作

者的意思，老师要允许孩子们彼此学习。

9.【答案】Bo本题考查的也是考生对细节的把握，答案对应文章第段第四行。

10.【答案】D。本题考查的是考生对全篇文章的理解，第一段和第二段都是讲要让孩子自

己去学会技能，而不必总是老师来教•切。

三、文章长难句分析与佳句赏析

1.Lethimworkout,withthehelpofotherchildrenifhewantsit,whathiswordsays,what

theansweristothatproblem,whetherthisisagoodwayofsayingordoingIhisornot.让

他自己解决，如果他愿意的话可以在其他孩子们的帮助下，他说什么，这个问题的答

案是什么，这是否是说或者做的一个好方法。

句子结构分析：Lethimworkout…whathiswordsays,whattheansweristothatproblem,

whetherthisisagoodwayofsayingordoingthisornot。withthehelpof…在句中作插入

语成份。而workout后面跟的是三个并列成份。

2.Letthechildrenlearnwhatalleducatedpersonsmustsomedaylearn,howtomeasuretheir

ownunderstanding,howtoknowwhattheyknowordonotknow,让孩子们学习那些受过教

育的人们有朝一日要学习的，如何衡量他们自己的理解力，如何知道他们知道什么，不知

道什么。

句子结构分析：Letthechildrenlearnwhat"-,howto…，howto…。what…，howto…，how

to…为句子的三个并列宾语从句。

四、核心词汇

Judge判断；Bitbybit逐渐地;whistle吹口哨;performance执行,行为;pointout指

出；workout解决；waste浪费；routine日常事务，例行公事；

五、全文翻译

让孩子们学会判断他们自己的工作。•个孩子学说话并不是通过一直地被纠正而学会

的：如果被纠正的太多的话，他会停止说话。他在一天中注意他所用的语言和周围的人们

用的语言的不同有上千次。・点一点地，他为使他的语言像其他人的一样而作了必要的改

变。同样地，孩子们学其他所有的事情，他们都是无师自通的——走路，跑，爬，吹口哨，

骑自行车——将他们自己的行为和那些更熟练地人们进行比较，慢慢地做出必要的改变。

但是，在学校里，我们并没有给一个孩子发现自己的错误并自己改正的机会。我们全都为

他们做了。我们的做法好像是我们认为他是不会注意到错误的，除非为他指出来，或者是

他是不会改正错误的，除非我们让他改正。让他自己解决，如果他愿意的话可以在其他孩

子们的帮助下，他说什么，这个问题的答案是什么，这是否是说或者做的一个好方法。

如果是一个正确答案的问题，像是数学或者是科学，给他们答案书。让他们自己更正

自己的作业。为什么我们老师要浪费时间在如此程序化的事情上呢？我们的工作是在孩子

说他找不到得到正确答案的方法时给他帮助。让孩子们学习那些受过教育的人们有朝一日

要学习的，如何衡量他们自己的理解力，如何知道他们知道什么，不知道什么。

Passage3

一、文章大意和总体结构分析

这篇文章是一个小故事，讲述作者和朋友火车上与同车厢的旅客间发生的一件趣

事。作者和约翰准备在火车上吸烟，但是坐在对面的旅客提醒他们这是无烟车厢并忠

告了他们吸烟的害处。文章一直很符合逻辑地进行，但是最后的结尾比较出人意料”

原来坐在对面的自称为医生的旅客竟是一位刚从精神病院逃出的患者。

二、试题详解

11、B此题考查的是考生对文章信息的搜索。Wewereonourwaybackfromacamping

holidayo说明作者刚刚结束露营回来，而露营一般都会联想到tent“帐篷”。A项ona

boat"在船上"，C项onafarm"在农场上”，D