中考英语真题分类汇编-1、选择型阅读-

(2019安徽)AItisexpectedthatPacificIslandcountrieswillbecomepopularwithChinesetouristsin2019.Whichoneshouldyouchooseforyoursummerholiday?CountryWhatyouneedtoknowLanguageWhatyouneedtodoPapuanewguineaItisthelargestoneofthePacificIslandcountries.Boththemainlandanditsislandsareperfectfordeepseadiving（潜水）.English&TokPisinGodeepseadivingintheSolomonSea.KingdomofTongaTongaisaheadoftherestoftheworld;it’sthefirstcountryintheworldtostartanewday.English&TonganVisittheRoyalPalaceofTongan.TheRepublicofVanuatuItsitsbetweenHawaiiandAustralia.InVanuatu,you’llfindtheworld’sonlyunderwaterpostofficeinthecapital,PortVilla.English,French&BislamaSendapostcardfromtheunderwaterpostoffice.FijiFijiisoneoftheworld’sbest-knownplacesforyourholiday.Theisland’sbluesea,white-sandbeachesandtheforestsarewellworthseeing.Fijian&EnglishGodivingonManaIslan.71.Whichcountryisthefirstonetostartanewday?A.PapuaNewGuinea. B.KingdomofTonga.C.TheRepublicofVanuatu. D.Fiji.72.PeoplegotoFijifortheirholidaysmainlybecause_________.A.thingstherearewellworthseeing. B.theunderwaterpostofficeisexciting.C.theywanttostayintheRoyalPalace. D.itisthelargestPacificIslandcountry.73.WhichlanguageisspokeninallthefourPacificIslandcountries?A.TokPisin. B.French. C.Bislama. D.English.74.Whatisthepurposeofthetext?A.Toaskforsomehelp. B.Tointroducelanguages.C.Toansweraquestion. D.Toofferholidaychoices.体裁：应用文话题：国家与民族词数：177【主旨大意】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四个太平洋岛国巴布亚新几内亚、汤加共和国、阿努阿图共和国和斐济的特色、语言和特色旅游景点。【答案】71-74BADD【解析】71.B细节理解题。从Whatyouneedtoknow列第三行“it’sthefirstcountryintheworldtostartanewday.”知，KingdomofTonga（汤加共和国）是世界上第一个开始新的一天的国家。故选B。72.A细节理解题。从表格最后一行Fiji部分Whatyouneedtoknow列“Theisland’sbluesea,white-sandbeachesandtheforestsarewellworthseeing.”知，斐济这个岛国有蓝色的大海、白色海滩和森林都是值得一看的。故选A。73.D总结归纳题。从Language列列举的语言分析知，英语是四个岛国的共同语言。故选D。74.D观点意图题。从文章开头“Whichoneshouldyouchooseforyoursummerholiday?（你应该选择去哪个岛国去度你的暑假呢？）”知，这些信息的主要意图就是提供假期选择。故选D。(2019安徽)B Haveyoutriedtorunorwalkforexerciseandthengivenup?Ifyouansweredyes,youshouldtryanewkindofexercise:aquatic(水中的)exercise.Aquaticexerciseislikeexerciseonland,butyoudoitinaswimmingpool.Moreandmorepeoplearetryingaquaticexercise. Aquaticexercisefeelseasierthanexercisingonland.Why?Youweighabout90%lessinthepool.Itisbetterforyourkneesthanrunningorwalking.Waterisabout1000timesthickerandheavierthanair.Tomovethroughthewater,yourbodyhastoworkfourtimesashard.Asaresult,youcanburnmorecalories(卡路里). Infact,mostpeoplesaytheyfeelmorerelaxedinthewater.Theystopthinkingaboutthethingsthatmakethemworried.Theyfeelincontroloftheirbodies.Thecool,quietenvironmentmakesthemfeelgood. Butwhatifyouareafraidofthewater?Noproblem!Thereisnothingtoworryabout.Aquaticexerciseissafeandeasytolearn.Itdoesn’trequireanyspecialskills.Youdon’tevenneedtoknowhowtoswim.Aquaticexerciseisforeveryone.75.WhatisParagraph2mainlyabout?A.Differencebetweenairandwater. B.Weightchangeofone’sbody C.Theadvantagesofaquaticexercise. D.Thewaystodoaquaticexercise.76.Whatdomostpeoplethinkofaquaticexercise?A.Relaxing. B.Worrying. C.Challenging. D.Boring.77.Accordingtothetext,aquaticexerciseis________.A.doneingroup B.fitforeveryone C.difficulttolearn D.donewithspecialskills78.Inwhichpartofamagazinecanwereadthetext?A.Culture. B.Health. C.Nature. D.Travel.体裁：说明文话题：体育健身词数：195【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了在水中锻炼比陆地锻炼的优点和锻炼技巧，号召人们进行水中训练。【答案】75-78CABB【解析】75.C段落大意题。阅读第二段知，水中锻炼比陆地容易，因为人在水中比在陆地上要轻90%，由于水密度比空气厚而且重，因此在水中锻炼需要更大的力气，因此会燃烧更多的热量。也就是说，本段主要谈论了水中锻炼的优点。故选C。72.A细节理解题。从第三段“Infact,mostpeoplesaytheyfeelmorerelaxedinthewater.”知，大多数人认为在水中锻炼更感觉放松。故选A。73.B细节理解题。从第四段“Aquaticexerciseisforeveryone.”知，水中锻炼适合每个人。故选B。74.B推理判断题。本文主要谈论的是水中锻炼的好处，因此应该出现在报纸的“健康”部分。故选B。(2019安徽)CLikemanyhighschoolgraduates,MaggieDoynedidn’tgostraighttocollege.ShedecidedtotravelandarrivesinwesternNepalin2006.Awarhadjustendedthereandletmanychildrenlivingonthestreets.Theywereoftenforcedtoworkathardphysicaljobsforlittlemoney.Oneday,whilewalkingdownacountryroad,Doynesawalittlegirlbreakinguprocks,Shesoonlearnedthat7-year-oldHimasoldtherockstosupportherfamily.Withdeepsadness,shedecidedtopayHima’stuition(学费)forschool.Encouragedbythechangesinthechild,Doynethought,“Ifwecanhelponechild,whynot10?”Doynefeltthatthestreetchildren’sgreatestneedwasahome.Shefoundapieceoflandforsaleandboughtitwith$5,000shesavedfromyearsofbabysitting(当临时保姆).In2008theKopilaValleyChildren’sHomewassetup.Withthehelpfromthecommunity,anothergoalwasreachedin2010—theKopilaValleySchool.Over350childrennowattendtheschoolandover50liveinthehome.Today,Doynelivesinthehomeandis“mum”tothekids.79.WhendidMaggieDoynetraveltowesternNepal?A.In2006 B.In2007 C.In2008 D.In201080.WhydidHimabreakuptherocks?A.Todophysicalexercise. B.Tobuildanewschool . C.Togetmoneyforherfamily. D.Torepairthecountryroad.81.WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph3?A.Thestreetchildrenonceworkedasbabysitters.B.Doynegotsomesupportfromthecommunity.C.Doyneborrowedmuchmoneyfromthegovernment. D.Over5,000childrenattendtheKopilaValleySchool.82.Whichofthefollowingmightbethebesttitleforthetext?A.MaggieDoyneALonelyTraveller B.WarinWesternNepalC.MaggieDoyneMumtoMoreThan50 D.AGirlLivedonHerown体裁：记叙文话题：社会行为词数：194【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。因为一场战争，尼泊尔很多孩子无家可归。一个高中毕业生MaggieDoyne看到这个现象，倾其所有办起了一个收容所和一个学校帮助这些街道孩子。【答案】79-82ACBC【解析】79.A细节理解题。从第一段“ShedecidedtotravelandarrivesinwesternNepalin2006.”知，MaggieDoyne于2006年决定旅行到尼泊尔西部。故选A。80.C细节理解题。从第二段“Doynesawalittlegirlbreakinguprocks,Shesoonlearnedthat7-year-oldHimasoldtherockstosupportherfamily.”知，Doyne看见一个7岁小女孩Hima砸碎石头的目的是用那些碎石头卖钱支持家庭。故选C。81.B细节理解题。从第三段“Shefoundapieceoflandforsaleandboughtitwith$5,000shesavedfromyearsofbabysitting”知，Doyne曾经当过临时保姆，而不是那些街道孩子当过保姆；从“Withthehelpfromthecommunity,anothergoalwasreachedin2010—theKopilaValleySchool.”知，Doyne得到社区的帮助；本段没有提及Doyne从政府借钱；从“Over350childrennowattendtheschool”知，超过350个孩子而不是超过5,000个孩子进入了这个学校。综上所述选B。82.C标题归纳题。本文主要谈论的是Doyne帮助尼泊尔街道孩子的故事。从文章最后知，这些孩子都叫她“妈妈”。因此用C作为文章标题是合适的。故选C。(2019安徽)DTheworldusesaboutathousandmillion(百万)tonsofwateraday.Waterisahumanrightandeveryoneshouldhavetheirshare.Yetmorethan700millionpeoplearoundtheworldhavetroublegettingclean,safewater. Treatingwastewaterisagoodwaytoprovidefreshwaterforus.Anditalsohelpstheenvironmentbykeepingwasteoutofriversandoceans.80%ofwastewateraroundtheworldisnottreatedatall,anditisrunningintooceans.Butnowwehavegotthetechnologytotreatandreusethewastewater.While75%ofourplanetiscoveredwithwater,only2%isfreshwater–thatcomesfromrivers,lakes,iceandsnow.Therest,98%ofthewater,isinseasandoceans.Itistoosaltytodrink.Thendesalinationbusinessescomein.Morethan19,000factorieshavebeenbuiltaroundtheworld,mostlyincoastalcountries.Theyprocess(加工)morethan92milliontonsofwatereveryday.Butthetechnologytheyuserequiresalotofenergy. Scientistsareworkingtocreatealesscostlytechnology.Theywanttoproduce20timesmorecleanwaterandmakesureeveryonehasenough.Butfornow,theworldstillfaceseachdaywithnothavingenoughwaterforeveryone.83.Howmanypeoplehaveredoubleingettingcleanwateraroundtheworld?A.Under10million. B.Only19million.C.About92million. D.Over700million.84.Treatingwastewaterhelpstheenvironmentby________.A.storingwasteiniceandsnow B.lettingwasterunintooceansC.keepingwasteoutofricersandoceans D.sendingwastetocoastalcountries85.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“desalination”inParagraph3mean?A.远洋运输 B.潮汐发电 C.食盐销售 D.海水淡化86.Atpresent,thetechnologytoprocesswater________.A.needsmuchenergy B.savesmuchmoneyC.satisfieseveryone D.causespollution87.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A.Watershouldbeahumanright. B.Thewaterproblemisstillserious.C.Ourplanetiscoveredwithwater. D.Everyonehasenoughcleanwater.体裁：说明文话题：环境保护词数：217【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。尽管我们这个世界有75%的水覆盖，但是能饮用的水却少之又少，有许多人面临缺水的窘境，可是，我们每天却生产大量废水，因此将废水循环利用显得尤为重要。人们纷纷在想方设计处理废水，以达到每个人都有水喝的目的。【答案】83-87DCDAB【解析】83.D细节理解题。从第一段“Yetmorethan700millionpeoplearoundtheworldhavetroublegettingclean,safewater.”知，世界上还有超过7亿人缺少干净、安全的饮用水。故选D。84.C细节理解题。从第二段“Anditalsohelpstheenvironmentbykeepingwasteoutofriversandoceans.”知，处理废水工程也能通过阻止废水进入河里和海洋帮助保护环境。故选C。85.D词义猜测题。从划线单词前一句“Itistoosaltytodrink.”知，海洋水太咸了不能饮用。因此海水淡化业务就跟进了。故选D。86.A推理判断题。从第三段“Butthetechnologytheyuserequiresalotofenergy.”知，加工水的技术需要很多能量，而这些能量是需要钱的。由此推知，加工水需要许多钱。故选A。87.B推理判断题。阅读最后一段知，科学家正在考虑减少加工水的技术成本，但到现在为止，世界任然每天面临每个人都没有足够的水的风险。由此推知，现在水问题仍然是一个严重的问题。故选B。三、阅读理解（共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项,A(2019江苏连云港)SeaWorldSSeaWorldcelebrates50yearswithaSeaofSurprises.StepunderthewavesatSeaWorldSanDiego’sall-newExplorers’Reef.Go“hand-in”totouchashark,acrab,orthousandsoftinycleanerfishthatwillbiteplayfullyatyourfingers.Andyoucanenjoyanall-newShamu’sCelebration:LightUpTheNightshow.TOUR:A14ADULT:$111CHILD(3-10):$105SanDiegoZooTakeawalkonthewildsideattheSanDiegoZoowithoneofthemostkindsofwildanimalsintheworld.TheSanDiegoZoocovers100acresandbrings4,000animals,representing800kinds；togetherinoneplace.TheZoohassomeofthemostbeautifulandrarecreaturesintheworldandoffersyouagreatchancetovisitwildanimals.TOUR:A13ADULT:$90CHILD(3-11):$72LegolandCaliforniaOfferingafulldayofwonderfuladventures,Legolandgivesfun,imagination,andentertainmenttotoday’syoungstersandtheirfamilies.AtLegolandCaliforniaeveryoneinthefamilybecomesaheroonmorethan50superrides,showsandattractions.TOUR:A16ADULT:$109CHILD(2-12):$104UniversalStudiosHollywoodGobehindthescenesontheworldfamousStudioTourtoexplorewhereHollywoodmoviesaremade.Then，faceexcitingrides,showsandattractionsthatputyouinsidesomeoftheworld’sbiggestmovies.TOUR:A6ADULT:$138CHILD(3-12):$9631. Tom,aged11，whohasonlyS100andiscrazyaboutrides,canchooseTour______________.A. A6 B.A13 C.A14 D.A1632. Itcanbeknownfromthepassagesthat___________.A.visitorscanstepunderthewavesandenjoy50showsandattractionsatSeaWorldB.theSanDiegoZoocovers100acreswithoneofthemostkindsofwildanimalsintheworldC.youngstersandtheirfamiliescanenjoyahalfdayofwonderfuladventuresinLegolandD.youwillbeputinsidealloftheworld’sbiggestmoviesinUniversalStudiosHollywood33. Thefourpassagesaboveprobablycomefrom____________.A.asportsreport B.astorybookC.asciencemagazine D.anadvertisementposter体裁：应用文话题：海报——旅游景点介绍词数：235【主旨大意】本文介绍了海洋世界，加州乐高乐园，圣地亚哥动物园，好莱坞环球影城四处景点的旅游项目和门票价格。【答案】31-33ABD【解析】31.A细节理解题。根据题干中的关键词“aged11,onlyS100和ride”可知，汤姆11岁，非常喜欢骑马，并且身上只有一百元，从这三个条件中去寻找适合的。先从价格上排除A和D两项；A6中含有ride项目的。故选A。32.B细节理解题。A项：游客们可以在海底享受50场海洋世界的表演和景点。与海报内容不符，排除。B项：圣地亚哥动物园占地100英亩，是世界上野生动物种类最多的动物园之一。与海报内容相符。C项：孩子们和家人可以在乐高乐园享受半天的奇妙冒险，与海报内容不符。D项：你将置身于好莱坞环球影城世界上最大的电影中，与海报内容不符。故选B。33.D推理判断题。分析四个方框中的内容可知，它们都是旅游景点介绍，属于海报类。故选D。B(2019江苏连云港)ThenAlicesawasmallglasstable.Therewasalittlegoldenkeyonit.Shepickeditupandputitinallthelocksonthedoorsbutitdidn’topenanyofthem.Shemovedacurtainononeofthewallsanddiscoveredanotherdoor,averysmallone.Sheputthekeyinthelock.Itwasexactlytherightsize!Sheopenedthedoorandlookedthroughit.Attheendofalowpassageshesawabeautifulgarden.Itwasfullofbrightlycolouredflowersandfountains.‘Oh,howbeautiful!’shesaid.‘I’dlovetogotherebutI’mtoobigtogetthroughthedoor.’Shewalkedbacktothetable.Therewasabottleonitnow.‘I’msurethatbottlewasn’ttherebefore，’shesaid,alittleconfused.Sheputdownthekeyandpickedupthebottle.Shereadthewords“DRINKME”onit.Alicewasn’tastupidgirl.Shedidn’tdrinkitimmediately.Firstshelookedatthebottlecarefully.Therewasn’talabelonitthatsaid“POISON”.Sosheputthebottletoherlipsanddrank.‘Mmm，it’snice，’shesaid,ittastedlikecherrytart,pineapple,roastturkeyandtoast—allthethingsthatshelikedtocat—soshedranksomemore.Andsomemore.Soonthebottlewasempty.‘Whatacuriousfeeling，’shesaid.I’mgettingsmallerandsmaller.’Itwastrue!ShewasnowassmallashercatDinah.‘Good!Icangothroughthedoorintothegarden,’shesaid.But,poorAlice!Whenshegottothedoor,shedidn’thavethekey!Itwasonthetable.Shecouldn’treachitbecauseshewastoosmallnow.Shesatdownandcried.Afterawhileshesaid,‘Alice!’‘Stopcrying!Cryingdoesn’thelp!Dryyourtearsimmediately!’Whenshelookedatthetableagain，shesawasmallglassboxunderit.Shepickeditupandopenedit.Therewasasmallcakeinside.Ithadthewords“EATME”onit.Sheputasmallpieceofitinhermouth.‘IfIgrowbiggerIcanreachthekey,’shethought.‘AndifIgrowsmallerIcangounderthedoor.’Butnothinghappenedsoshefinishedit.34. Fromthepassagewecanknowthat______________.A. atfirstAlicecouldgothroughthedoorintothegardeneasilyB. thenAlicefoundtherewasalittlegoldenkeyonasmallwoodentableC. AlicewasassmallasherrabbitDinahaftershedranksomethinginthebottleD. Alicesawasmallglassboxwithasmallcakeinitunderthetable35. Alicedidthefollowingthingsintheorderof__________.a. Shesawabeautifulgardenattheendofalowpassage.b. Shemovedacurtainanddiscoveredanotherdoor.c. Sheputasmallpieceofthecakeinhermouth.d. Sheputthebottletoherlipsanddrank.e. Shecriedbecauseshecouldn’treachthekey.A.a-b-c-d-e B.b-a-d-e-c C.d-a-b-c-c D.b-d-c-a-c36. Theunderlinedword“it”inthelastparagraphrefersto__________.A.thesmallbox B.theglasstable C.thesmallcake D.thegoldenkey37. Accordingtothepassage,thebestwordstodescribeAliceare___________A.carefulandbrave B.curiousandhelpfulC.cleverandfriendly D.organizedandstrange体裁：记叙文话题：故事——爱丽丝历险记词数：408【主旨大意】本文节选《爱丽丝梦游仙境》，讲述了小姑娘爱丽丝历险的故事。【答案】34-37DBCA【解析】34.D细节理解题。由倒数第三段中“shesawasmallglassboxunderit.Shepickeditupandopenedit.Therewasasmallcakeinside.”可知，本题答案为D。其他三个选项与原文不符。35.B细节理解题。通读全文可知，爱丽丝发现另一个门，通过门看到一个漂亮的花园，门太小过不去，找到一瓶饮料，喝了饮料身子变小，身子变小了够不到了桌子上的钥匙，发现一块面包。故选B。36.C词义猜测题。由上一段中“‘IfIgrowbiggerIcanreachthekey,’shethought.”可知，爱丽丝想变大，但是，她把面包吃完了，什么也没发生。这里的it指面包。故选C。37.A推理判断题。从文中的句子“Alicewasn’tastupidgirl.Shedidn’tdrinkitimmediately.Firstshelookedatthebottlecarefully.”可知，爱丽丝很细心；从喝过饮料之后身子变小她也没有惊慌失措，说明她很勇敢。故选A。C(2019江苏连云港)Youthinkit’s“cool”tocarryyourbackpacksandheadouttoschool,don’tknowexactlyhowtochoose,load,liftandwearthem—theseaaccessories（配件）canbeapainintheback.Nottomentiontheneck,headanBackpackscaninfluenceyourhealth.Carryingaheavyloadimproperlypoorbodyposition;andevenhurtthespinalcolumn（脊柱）.Thiscancausemusclestrain,headaches,back,neckandarmpain.Forexample,ifitiscarriedononeshoulder,aheavybackpackforcesthemusclesandspinetobalancetheunequalweight.Thismayincreasethepossiblebackproblemslaterinlife.Morethan50percentofyoungpeoplesufferbackpainbytheirteenageyears.Researchshowsthatthiscouldbemainlycausedbyimproperuseofbackpacks.Here’ssomeadvicetohelpyoucarrybackpackscomfortablyandsafely.Choosetherightbackpack.Forgetleather（皮革）！Itlooksgreat,butit'sfartooheavy.Goforcanvas（帆布）.Pickapackthathastwowide,adjustable,comfortableshoulderstraps（带子），alongwithahiporwaiststrap,andplentyofpockets.Makesurethepackfitsproperlyanditssizeissuitableforthewearer’sbody.Packingitproperly.Onlyputinthepackwhatisneededforthatday.It’sagoodideatoknowwhateachobjectweighs.Thetotalweightofthefilledpackshouldbenomorethan10to15percentofthewearer’sownbodyweight.Packheaviestobjectsclosetothebody,andplacelittleonesoutside,awayfromtheback.Puttingthebackpackon.Putthepackonasmoothsurface,atwaistheight.Putonthepack,oneshoulderatatime,thenadjust（调整）thestrapstofitcomfortably.Rememberwhenliftingabackpack,oranything,toliftusingthearmsandlegsandtobendattheknees.Therightwaytowearabackpack.Bothshoulderstrapsshouldbeused,andadjustedsothatthepackfitsthebody,withouthangingtooneside.Backpacksshouldneverbewornoverjustoneshoulder.Youshouldbeabletomoveyourhandsbetweenthebackpackandyourback.Thewaiststrapshouldalsobeworn.Taketheaboveadvice,andyoumaynotcomplainbackpain,numbnessorweaknessinyourarmsandlegsanymore.38. Whatcouldmainlycausesomeyoungpeopletosufferbackpainbytheirteenageyears?A. Toomuchhomework. B.Poortreatmentforbacks.C.Improperuseofbackpacks. D.Unhealthysleepposition.39. Whichofthefollowingdoesthewritersuggest?① Chooseleatherbackpacksbecauseitlooks“cool”togotoschool.② Pickapackthatitssizeissuitableforthewearer’sbody.③ Makesurethebackpackcontainsonlywhatisneededforthatday.④ Packheaviestobjectsclosetothebody,andplacelittleonesoutside.⑤ Putthepackonasmoothsurface,abovethewaistheight.A.①②④ B.①③⑤C.②③④D.②③⑤40. Ifaboyweighs40kg,howheavyshouldhisfilledbackpackbeatmost?A.About4kg. B.About6kg. C.About10kg. D.About15kg.41. Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A. Someproblemsthatteenagersfaceintheirstudyatschool.B. Thesuitablebackpackmaterialthatyoushouldchoose.C. Thegoodinfluencethatbackpackshaveonyourhealth.D. Someadviceonhowtocarrybackpackscomfortablyandsafely.体裁：说明文话题：77.科普知识词数：411【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了关于背包的使用不当会造成肌肉拉伤、头痛、背部、颈部和手臂疼痛等症状，作者给出了一些关于正确使用背包的建议。【答案】38—41CCBD【解析】38.C细节理解题。根据短文第三段中Researchshowsthatthiscouldbemainlycausedbyimproperuseofbackpacks.可知，背包的使用不当是主要原因导致一些年轻人在青少年时期遭受腰痛，故选C。39.C推理判断题。根据短文第五段Makesurethepackfitsproperlyanditssizeissuitableforthewearer’sbody.可知，②是正确的；第六段中Onlyputinthepackwhatisneededforthatday.和最后一句Packheaviestobjectsclosetothebody,andplacelittleonesoutside,awayfromtheback.可知，③④正确，故选C。40.B计算题。根据短文第六段中Thetotalweightofthefilledpackshouldbenomorethan10to15percentofthewearer’sownbodyweight.可知，填充包的总重量不应超过佩戴者自身体重的10%至15%。一个人体重40公斤，那么他的背包总重量最多是6公斤，故选B。41.D主旨大意题。文章主要讲述的是关于如何正确使用背包的方法，故D符合题意。D(2019江苏连云港)Thehumanbodyisamachinethatcanraiselotsofinterestingquestions.Why,forexample,areyawns（呵欠）contagious（传染的）？What’supwithice-creamheadaches?Hereareanswerstotheseandotherquestionsaboutourbodies.WhydoIgetaheadachewhenIeaticecreamtooquickly?Scientistsaren’texactlysurewhatcausesthebrainfreezewhenweeaticecreamorothersuper-coldfoodstooquickly,thoughsomebelieveit’stheresultofchangedbloodflowinthenervoussystem.Bloodvesselsintheheadtightentostopthelossofbodyheatandthenrelaxtoletbloodflowrise;thatsuddenrushofbloodiswhatcausestheheadache.Youcanimproveanice-creamheadachebyrapidlyrubbingyourtongueacrosstheroofofyourmouthtohelpwarmupthings.WhatcausesmystomachtomakealowcontinuousnoisewhenI’mhungry?Actually,yourstomachmakesnoisewhetheryou’rehungryorfull;youjusthearitmoreclearlywhenyou’rehungry.Thinkofyourdigestivetract（消化道）asareallylongtubelinedwithsmoothmuscletissue.Thesemusclesmovefood,fluidsandgasthroughyourdigestivetract._________________________________.Itcanmakeyoufeelembarrassed（尴尬的）butisnothingtoworryabout.WhydoIblushwhenI’membarrassed?Whenyou’reembarrassed,yourbrainreleasesashotofadrenaline（肾上腺素），whichmakesyourheartraceandbloodvesselsbecomelargerinsize.Allthishappenstoincreasebloodflowandoxygendeliverythroughoutthebodyinafight-or-flightreaction（抗反）.Therearealotoftinybloodvesselsinyourface,whichturnnoticeablyredderfromthissuddenrushofblood.Asfortheactualfunctionofblushing,researchersarestilltryingtofindthatoneout.Whyareyawnscontagious?Haveyoueveryawnedinfrontofsomeone,onlytohavethemyawnrightback?It’sacommonthing,butresearchersdon’thaveagoodexplanationforit.Theydo,however,knowthishappensonlywithhumansandchimpanzees（黑猩猩）.Abiggerquestionpuzzlingscientistsiswhyweyawnatall.Itusedtobethoughtthatyawningshowedthatoxygentothebrainwasnotenough,butthat’sjustamyth.Agrowingbodyofresearchnowshowsthatyawningisnature’swayofkeepingourbrainscool.42. Whatisthemeaningoftheunderlinedwordtighten?A.变松 B.变紧 C.变短 D.变长43. Whichofthefollowingsentencescanbefilledintheblank?A. Andthat’swhatyou’rehearingwhenyourstomachmakesnoise.B. Andthat’swhyyou’resohungrywhenyourstomachisempty.C. Andthat’swhatmakesyoufeeluncomfortablewhenyou’refull.D. Andthat’showitmakesadifferencetoyourdigestivetract.44. WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?A. Thereisnowayforyoutoimproveanice-creamheadache.B. Researchershavefoundouttheactualfunctionofblushing.C. Yourstomachmakesnoiseonlywhenyouarehungry.D. Researchersdon’thaveagoodexplanationforwhyyawnsarecontagious.45. Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?A.SomeInterestingFacts B.OurStrangeBodyC.SomeUsefulDiscoveries D.OurAmazingFeelings体裁：科普说明文话题：13.卫生与健康41.身体部位77.科普知识词数：419【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了我们的身体器官的一些奇怪的现象，并对这些现象作出了一些科学的解释。【答案】42—45BADB【解析】42.B猜词大意题。根据第三段中Bloodvesselsintheheadtightentostopthelossofbodyheatandthenrelaxtoletbloodflowrise.可知，头部的血管收紧，以阻止身体热量的流失……，由此可知单词tighten意为“变紧”，故选B。43.A填空题。根据第五段中Itcanmakeyoufeelembarrassed（尴尬的）butisnothingtoworryabout.可知，肚子发出的响声让人感到尴尬，故选A。44.D推理判断题。根据短文最后一段It’sacommonthing,butresearchersdon’thaveagoodexplanationforit.可知，研究人员没有对打哈欠会传染作出一个好的解释，故D项表述是正确的。45.B标题归纳题。本文主要讲述了关于我们身体的器官会有一些奇怪的问题，并对这些问题给出了一些科学的解释，故B项能概括文章大意。A(2019·江苏南京)WILLTHEWORLDAT12:01A.M.onJan.1,2019becompletelydifferentfromhowitwasat11:59p.m.onDec.31,2018?Notreally.Butpeoplemakeabigdealofflipping(翻动)overthecalendar.Forexample,youmakeaNewYearresolution,apromisetoyourselfthatyou’lltrytobebetterintheyearahead.Maybethatmeansbeingnicertoyourfamilymembers,orreadingnewsmoreoften.Myresolutionistohaveapet.Myfavouritepetisinthepuzzleontheright.Trytofindit.THERULES1.Youmayonlymoveacrossordown.2.Yourpathmustspelloutrealwords!26. SamEhrenwrotethispassageon_______.A.Jan.l,2019 B.Jan.1,2018C.Dec.30,2018 D.Dec.31,201827. Whatdoestheunderlinedword“resolution”meaninthepassage?A.Promise. B.Entertainment. C.Humour. D.Secret.28. Fromthepuzzle,wecanfindthewriter'sfavouritepetisa_______.A.mouse B. dog C.cat D. bird体裁：说明文话题(20)游戏与休闲话题(22)娱乐活动词数：114【主旨大意】本文是小品文。2018年底12月31日的11:59和2019年1月1日的12:01，在时间维度上相差的一分钟没有什么大的差别，但对人们来说是翻过了日历的一页。新年伊始人们开始许下新年美好的愿望，作者要求根据图示猜测其新年决心要拥有的宠物是什么。本文是一篇说明文。作者认为跟时间微差异一样，我们许下小愿望就应该为之付诸行动。【答案】26—28CAC【解析】26.C细节理解题。从图片下面一行字“BySAMEHRENDEC.30.2018”提示，直接得出制图的时间是Dec.30,2018。故选C。27.A词义推测题。题干意为：文中带下划线的“resolution”是什么意思？根据后半句apromisetoyourselfthatyou’lltrytobebetterintheyearahead.的描述，可以知道resolution和promise意思相当。故选A。28.C细节理解题。题干意为：从拼图中，我们可以发现作者最喜欢的宠物是什么。把四个选项和字谜和移动规则相比对，可以较容易得出答案是cat。故选C。B(2019·江苏南京)MikeIsaacandIarereportersofStudentDaily.Forthetopicsofournewspapernextmonth,wevisitedSunshineElementarySchoolonMay10.Weinterviewedsomestudentsandhereiswhattheysaid.29. WhatdidMikeIsaacandthewritervisitSunshineElementarySchool for?A. Forenvironment protection. B.Forwildlifeprotection.C. Forgoodmannersinschool. D.Fortopicsofthenewspaper.30. WhatmaycausepeopletobemadatoneanotherinAndrewVargas'sopinion?A.Losingmoreoxygen B.Speakinginaloudvoice.C.Cuttingdownmoretree.D.Huntingtigersformedicine.31. Whotalkedabouthealth?A. JoslynFrace.B.JaydenMitchell.C.AndrewVargas.D.JosephTruong.体裁：应用文话题8.人际交往话题(42)体育健身话题(72)人与自然话题(74)环境保护词数：187【主旨大意】这是一篇应用文。作者和迈克•艾萨克作为学生日报的记者，为了征集报纸下个月的主题。他们于5月10日访问了阳光小学的四个小学生，让他们“说出你的想法”，倾听他们真实的心声。【答案】29—31DBB【解析】29.D细节理解题。根据第一段Forthetopicsofournewspapernextmonth,wevisitedSunshineElementarySchoolonMay10.的交代，for后面跟的就是目的，即Fortopicsofthenewspaper。故选D。30.B细节理解题。根据题干可以迅速定位到AndrewVargas小气泡里寻找到答案：Whenpeopleareloud,itcausesthemtobemadatoneanother.故选B。31.B细节理解题。题干意为：谁谈论健康？JaydenMitchell的话中有：Noteveryoneishealthy,soweshouldhavemoreexercise.等描述。故选B。C(2019·江苏南京)Q:Atrecess（课间休息）,Idon’tknowwhattodobecauseallmyfrinesareplayinggamesIdon’tlikeordon’twanttoplay.SoIendupstandingbymyselfatrecessdoingnothing.WhatshouldIdo?AlexRider,13,Bloomfield,N.J.A:Doyoubelieveintimetravel,Alex?Becauseyoujustdraggedme40yearsintothepast.WhenIwas13,halfmyfriendsthrewthemselvesintokickballatrecess—whichwastoovigorous(剧烈的A:Doyoubelieveintimetravel,Alex?Becauseyoujustdraggedme40yearsintothepast.WhenIwas13,halfmyfriendsthrewthemselvesintokickballatrecess—whichwastoovigorous(剧烈的)formerightafterlunch.So,likeyou,Istoodaroundalot.Then,oneday,myteacher,Susie,askedme,“Whatdoyouwanttodo?”Ihadnoanswerforher.Butsuddenly,itcametome:marbles!Iaskedafewfriends,andtheywerehappytojoinme.Now,I’mnotsuggestingyouplaymarbles,onlythatyouconsiderwhatyoufeellikedoingandcan