2024届山东省济宁市高三下学期二模英语模拟试题（有答案）

2024届山东省济宁市高三下学期二模英语模拟试题注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AForthe150thanniversaryofthefirstImpressionistexhibition,theMuséed’Orsay,whichhousestheworld’slargestcollectionofthiscurrent,isofferingamajorretrospective(回顾展)ofthisartistictrendwithParis1874:InventingImpressionismfromMarch26toJuly14.150yearsago,onApril15,1874,inaluxuriousphotographerNadar’sstudioinnorthernParis,BertheMorisot,EdouardDegasandClaudeMonetcametogetherasacooperativelimitedcompanytoopenthefirstImpressionistexhibition,amovementthatwouldforeverchangethecourseofarthistory.Theretrospectivewilltakevisitorsonavirtualtourtotheverymoment150yearsago.Duringthe40-minuteimmersive(沉浸的)tour,visitorswillspendavirtualeveningwiththefamousimpressionistsandtravelbysteamtraintoBougival,westofParis,wheremanyofthemworked.Visitorswillthentourthemainexhibition,whichopensintoagallerywithRenoir’sLaParisienneandLaDanseusethatfeaturedinthe1874exhibition,andotherimpressionistpaintings,drawingsandsculptures.“Theimmersiveexperienceisuniqueandinnovative.Youcangointothisexhibitionandrelivetheeveningwiththeartistsanddiscovertheoriginofthismovement.Wewanttorecreatetheemotionforvisitorsofthe1874exhibition,”saidAbastado,directorofdigitaldevelopmentattheMuséed’Orsay.Guidelines:*Theexperienceissuitableforchildrenof11y/oandabove;childrenunder8y/oareprohibited.*Weremindyouthat,inviewofthetechnologyused,virtualrealityexperiencesarenotrecommendedforpeoplewithbalanceorvisiondisorders.*Walkersandmotorizedwheelchairsarenotpermittedinthece,butmanualwheelchairsareaccepted.1.What’stheretrospectivemainlyaimedat?A.Protectingculturaldiversity. B.Fuelingpeople’sloveforart.C.Showinghonortolateartists. D.Markingthebirthofamovement.2.Whatcanbeexperiencedduringthevirtualtour?A.Paintingapictureonthespot. B.Drivingasteamtraininperson.C.Meetingfamousimpressionists. D.Stayingovernightinthegallery.3.Whoisthemostsuitabletovisittheexhibition?A.Aneight-year-oldboy. B.Anadultwithawalker.C.Avisually-challengedgirl. D.Ateenagerinamanualwheelchair.BTravellingseemedlikefalsehoodtome.IgrewtiredofbackpackersexpressingtoomuchpraiseabouthowpettingababyelephantinThailand“transformed”them.Globe-travelingtomeheldnomorepromisethanfindingafewbillsinthepocketofanoldcoat.IneededsomethingdeeperthananEat,Play,Lovemoment.Oneday,Vasilis,myGreekbestfriend,remindedmeofourdecade-oldpromise:afterourfinalexams,IwouldvisithishometowninAthens.Maybe,itwastimetomakegoodonthatpromise.Ifinallyboardedtheplane.Vasilispickedmeupattheairport.Ismiled,thinkinghowimprobablethismomentseemedallthoseyearsago.Thedecade-longwaitprovedtobewellworthit.Everystepthroughtheancientstreetsrevealednewwonders.However,noneofthemtrulymattered.Whatwouldforeveraltermyperceptionoftravelwasachanceencounterwithalocal.VasilisandIwerewanderingAthenswhenaspecialsoundcaughtourattention—arhythmicclinkingdisturbingthequietnessoftheresidentialstreet.Curiously,wefollowedthesoundtoahumbleworkshop.Inside,awelder(焊工)gavenomindtoourpresencebwarmth....Heworenoflashyprotectivesuit—thiswasjustanotherdayforhim,anotherdancewithfireandmetalthathadbecomesecondnature.Underthesunshade,hisorangecatrestedinthecomfortingwarmth...Asthemancontinuedwelding,Ifeltabitofenvy.Ienviedhispeaceandcontentment.Iadmiredthesimplicityheembodied.Iimaginedthewelderhappy,findingfulfillmentinhiscraft(手艺)andreturningtohislovingfamily....Themomentmovedmetotears.Leavingtheworkshop,rainblendingwithtears,Irealizedhoweasilylife’spoetrycouldpassunnoticed.HomeagaininMontreal,Istopsimplypursuingbetterthings,betterexperiencesandbetterpeoplethatarenevergrasped.Irealizetherealjourneyisinward—toappreciatelife’sordinarymagic.Thatsurebeatspettinganybabyelephant.Imaynothavereturnedhome“transformed,”butI’llalwaysthinkofthewelderandhiscat.4.Whichaspectoftravellingmakestheauthorfeeluneasy?A.Shortageofadequatefunds. B.Discomfortindietaryhabits.C.Overstatementoftravel’seffects. D.Dangerofpettingbabyanimals.5.WhatdrovetheauthortogotoAthens?A.Meetingacommitment. B.Exploringauniquelandscape.C.Receivingfurthereducation. D.Escapingfromthecurrentlife.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“poetry”inparagraph6probablyreferto?A.Poemswrittenbymasters. B.Peaceandsimplicity.C.Spiritofcraftsmanship. D.Specialsoundinthestreet.7.Whichofthefollowingcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.FriendshipLastsForever B.TravellingShapesaBetterSelfC.PursuitofHappinessNeverStops D.TheOrdinaryMakesExtraordinaryCIn2022,theNatureConservancylaunchedtwo5-yearpilotprojectsatworkingranches(牧场)inKansasandNewMexicotodetermineifvirtualfencesenablelandmanagerstobetterperformregenerativemanagementpracticesandtoassesspotentialbenefitsforbiodiversityandforranchers’bottomlines,aswellasimpactsonsoilcarbonstorage.ApplaudedbytheU.S.DepartmentofAgricultureasaclimateadaptionstrategy,virtualfencingisaninnovativetechnologythatenablesrancherstouseasmartphoneorwebapptoremotelymonitorandcontrolwhereandwhencattlegraze(吃草).Virtualfencescanreducetheneedforphysicalfences,whichrequiresignificanttime,expenseandlabortomaintain.Physicalfencesalsolimitlandmanagersintheirabilitytochangegrazingboundariestoadapttoseasonalchangesinvegetationortoexcludecattlefromecologicallysensitiveareas.Thecowsareoutfittedwithbattery-operated,GPS-enabledcollarsthatsendoutaradiofrequencytocommunicatewithreceptiontowers,creatingvirtualgrazingboundariessetbyarancher.Whenacowapproachestheedgeofthevirtualboundary,thecollarproducesasoundsignalingittoturnaround.Ifthecowproceedstocrosstheboundary,itreceivesamomentarymildshock,signalingthatit’sgonetoofarandshouldrejoinitsgroup.Grasslandsaretheleastprotectedhabitatonearthandoneofthemosteffectivecarbonsinks,storingupto20%oftheworld’ssoilorganiccarbon.Unfortunately,grasslandsarecontinuingtorapidlydisappearforseveralreasons.Forecologicalhealth,mostgrasslandecosystemsneedperiodsofdisturbancetoaerate(使透气)thesoil,stimulateplantgrowthandrecyclenutrientsintothesoil.Rancherscompletethisdisturbance-restcyclebymanagingthetiming,location,herdsizeandintensityofgrazingactivities,allofwhichcanbetime-consumingandpainstaking.“Currently,thecostsofvirtualfencingarestillhigh,butinthelongrunitcanhelplandmanagersbettercarryoutmanagementpracticesthatregeneratelandhealth,helpaddressclimatechangeandbiodiversityloss,”saidWilliamBurnidge,directoroftheNatureConservancy.8.What’sstressedconcerningvirtualfencinginparagraph2?A.Itssmartdesign. B.Itsmajoradvantages. C.Itswideapplication. D.Itsworkingprinciples.9.Whatdoesthemildshockindicatetothecow?A.It’stimetoreturn. B.It’stimetograze.C.It’sindanger. D.It’sinawrongdirection.10.What’sunavoidableforrancherstocompletethedisturbance-restcycle?A.Intenseefforts. B.Pollutedsoil. C.Financialfailure. D.Ecologicalimbalance.11.What’sMr.Burnidge’sattitudetovirtualfencing?A.Intolerant. B.Objective. C.Doubtful. D.Conservative.DOverthepastfewmonths,I’vebeeninvitedtospeakwithwell-knownwriters,musiciansandfilmproducersregardingmyrecentbook,Extraterrestrial.Priortotheseconversations,Iwasonthereceiving(andadmiring)endoftheirartisticwork,butnowtheywerecuriousaboutmyownresearchasascientist.Thereverseledmetorecognizethesimilaritiesbetweeninnovationintheartsandthesciences.Insciencesandartsalike,creativityappearsmagicallyasanunpredictablefountainofinspirationfromthesubconscious(潜意识).Itsunexpectedcontentbreaksroutineswithintraditionalthinking.Itdeliverssomething.newthatisdistinctfromcommonpractices,oftentakingpeopleoutoftheircomfortzonebecauseitisaheadofitstime.Asaresult,manyinnovatorsarelaughedatanddeniedtherecognitiontheydeservewhentheyneeditthemost.Therearemanyexamplesofsuchcircumstances.In1933FritzZwickyinferredtheexistenceof“darkmatter”,butittookfourdecadesforthisconcepttogainrecognitionwithintheastronomycommunity.VincentvanGoghwasconsideredamadmanandafailurethroughouthislife.Today,hispaintingsareamongthemostexpensiveeversold,though.Typically,lifeofferstwowaysofacquiringobjects.Oneisbycollectingavailableitems,andtheotherisbycreatingthingsthatneverexistedbefore.Whereasmostitemsontheshelvesofsupermarketsaremass-produced,productsthatarenewlycreatedbyartistsorscientistsareoriginallyunique.Justlikeagingwine,aproductofcreativeworkacquiresqualityovertime.Itiscoloredbytheresponseoftheaudienceaswellasbyimitations.Theinitialcircumstancesareareminderofanadmirablebaby.Itisfascinatingforascientistoranartisttowatchtheinteractionoftheircreationwiththeworld,justasitisforparentstowatchtheirchildren.Creativityinartsandsciencesestablishesabackdropforhumanexistence,asthecontentitinventsgivespleasureandmeaningtoourlives.Thehumanactofcreationisaninfinite-sumgame,fromwhichallofusbenefit.Andwecanallparticipateinthecreativeprocess.12.Whichcanbestreplacetheunderlinedword“reverse”inparagraph1?A.Priority. B.Assumption. C.Shift. D.Preference.13.Whatcanbestdescribecreativityinsciencesandarts?A.Ittendstobeforecastable. B.Itmirrorscommonbeliefs.C.Itusuallyleadsthetimes. D.Itenjoysinstantacceptance.14.Whatcanbeinferredfromparagraph4?A.Creativeworkswithstandthetestoftime. B.Mass-produceditemsarepreferable.C.Oldwinecan’tbeputintonewbottles. D.Inventivenessstartsfromchildhood.15.What’sthepurposeofthelastparagraph?A.Toclarifyaconcept. B.Tolaunchanappeal.C.Toofferanentertainment. D.Toadvocatealifestyle.第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Providingfeedbackisanessentialpartofpersonalandcareerdevelopment.16Oneofthemosteffectiveandclassicmethodstomakeiteasierforboththegiverandreceiveristhefeedbacksandwichtechnique,sometimesalsoreferredtoasacompliment(赞美)sandwich.Ifyouareseekingtoenhanceyourcareergrowth,learningaboutthefeedbacksandwichcanbeagame-changer.17Ratherthansimplyfocusingonwhatwentwrong,itensuresthatthepersonreceivingthefeedbackalsoknowswhatwentwell.Theprocesscanbebrokenintothreeparts.Amanagerorsuperiorstartsbyprovidingpositivefeedbacktoencourageapersontocontinuetheirgoodwork.Afterward,theycommunicateconstructivefeedbackforthepersontoimprove.Thisfeedbackaimstobespecific,behavioral,andrelevanttothesituation.18Thefeedbacksandwichtechniqueisahighlyusefulmethod.Itcanhelpsoftentheblowofcriticism.Bystartingandendingwithpositivefeedback,it’seasierfortherecipienttoreceivetheconstructivecriticismwithoutfeelingattacked.19Asweallknow,criticismisawkward,butwhenyou’regivingpotentiallynegativefeedback,it’seasierwhenyou’realsoservingitupwithtwocompliments.Additionally,itenablesthemeetingoraninteractiontoendonapositivenote.20Manypeopleareknowledgeableaboutthistechnique,whichmightmakeitsoundinsincereorpredictableifnotdonecorrectly.Also,whenfeedbackbecomesaroutine,employeescanstarttoperceivepositivefeedbackassimplyaformofsugarcoatingthenegatives,thusreducingitsvalue.Hence,positivefeedbackshouldnotsimplybeseenassomethingtocushionthenegative,butshouldbedeliveredsoastoreinforceandencouragegoodperformance.A.It’sessentialtobeawareofitslimitations,though.B.Similarly,itisalsoeasierforthegivertoofferfeedback.C.Themanagerthenendsthefeedbacksessionwithpositivefeedback.D.Thetechniquemayleadtounclearandindirectpersonalcommunication.E.Deliveringconstructivecriticism,however,canbechallengingifnotdonecorrectly.F.Itmaynotbeforeverysituation,butitcanmakenegativefeedbackmoredigestible.G.Thistechniqueinvolvesusingconstructivefeedbackwrappedbetweentwolayersofpositivefeedback.第二部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。I’dbeenexploringthe40-hectarewoodsaroundourcottagemywholelifeandIknewthewaywell.Soitwasa21whenIfoundmyselflostthere.OnedullcoldFebruaryafternoon,Ihadasudden22tohikethehillwithmytwodaughters.Puttingonoursnowshoes,weimmediately23northwestward.Whilemakingourwayupthehill,mydaughtersstoppedoccasionallytoinvestigateunknownplantsandtolookattheabandoneddeerbeds....Thesereallymadetheir24.Astheshadowsstartedto25,wemovedfurtherup.Soon,wearinessbeganto26enthusiasm.Wedecidedtoreturn.Insteadofbacktrackingoverour27route,Ichosetowalkdownthesteep(陡峭的)sideofthehill,28mygeneralsensethataheadofuslaythestreamthatwouldguideustotheroad.Butastheterrain(地形)leveledout,Ihadmyfirstmajormomentof29:Wherewasthestream?Wereweoffcourse?Iinstinctively(本能地)pulledoutmyphonetogetmylocation,butit30inmyhandinthecoldair.31,Istartedfeelingabitpanicky.However,Iquickly32myself,reassuringmydaughterstocontinuewalking.Focusingonthelandmarks,Ispottedafamiliartreeandeventually33theroad.Thatwinter’sdaytaughtmeavaluablelessonabouthabitualrelianceontechnology.Ifmyphonehad34then,ImighthavedirectlyfollowedtheGPS,ignoringtheold35ofdependingonsurroundingsandlifeskills.21.A.challenge B.shock C.reward D.reminder22.A.discovery B.response C.worry D.urge23.A.escaped B.drove C.headed D.looked24.A.reputation B.dream C.day D.way25.A.lengthen B.swing C.emerge D.fade26.A.fuel B.witness C.overlook D.outpace27.A.original B.rough C.offbeat D.roundabout28.A.appreciating B.trusting C.envisioning D.assessing29.A.curiosity B.comparison C.doubt D.anticipation30.A.died B.slipped C.flashed D.rang31.A.Reportedly B.Admittedly C.Seemingly D.Surprisingly32.A.exposed B.composed C.defended D.behaved33.A.gotoff B.laiddown C.cameacross D.madeout34.A.worked B.remained C.changed D.overheated35.A.theory B.standard C.practice D.routine第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。TheNanjingHongshanForestZoo,oncestrugglingtosustainits36(survive),hasundergonearemarkableturnaround.Ithasbecomeapopulardestination37visitorscanglimpsediverseanimalsandappreciatethebeautyandsignificanceoflife.Themanbehind38U-turnisShenZhijun,ananimalwelfareadvocate.LastAugust,ShentooktotheInternet39(publicize)hisdecade-longreformefforts—acomprehensivecampaigntransformingtheconventionalzoointoaconservation-focusedsanctuary(保护区).Duringhis30-minutespeech40(title)AZoo’sPursuit,Shenshowcasedthesuccessfulchangesthathehadperformed.Afterwitnessingthehelplessandhopelessexpressionsoftheanimals,Shen’steamsetaboutmakingchanges.41(initial),theyremovedanimalshows,whichtraditionallyserveasthefinancialbackboneofzoos.Subsequently,theytransformedthepark’slandscape,cleverlyusingthe42(exist)mountainousterrainofHongshantoreproducethenaturalhabitatsofanimalsinthewild.Plus,theyintroduced“multi-levelvillas”whereanimalsbelongingtothesameecologicalzonebutnotoccupyingthebaseofthefoodchaincan43(house)together,basedontheirecologicalandgeographicaldistribution.Thiszoohasemerged44themostanimal-friendlyzooinChina.Strikingabalancebetweenrespectinganimals’dignityandprovidingvisitorswithenjoyableexperiencesisachallengingtask,45Shen’steamhassuccessfullyachievedit.第三部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节(满分15分)假定你是李华,你校外教Ryan拟举办英语读书会(EnglishReadingBar)活动,想了解哪类图书更能吸引学生。请你给外教写一封邮件，内容包括：1.推荐的图书类别；2.推荐理由。注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。DearRyan,Bestregards,LiHua第二节(满分25分)阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。TheChampionofNoScoreMaggiehatedTuesdays-Tuesdaysmeantgymclass,gymclassmeantpickingteamsandpickingteamsmeantMaggiewouldbepickedlast.Asanewcomer,she’dcomeupwithaspecialtitleforeachclassmatetoremembertheotherkids.TherewasKevin,ChampionoftheCleanDesk,Lynnie,ChampionofKnowingtheAnswerFirst....Thinkinghard,shefinallydecidedherowntitle:ChampionofQuiet.MaggiefeltblueasTuesdayfellagain.Mr.Murphy,thegymteacher,askedforvolunteercaptainstopicktheirownbasketballteams.Theusualhandsshotintotheair.Maggiesighedandglancedtoherright.ShecaughttheeyeofJasmine,ChampionofAwkward,agirlwhowassometimespickedlast,too.ThenMaggiehadanidea.SowhenMr.Murphyaskedifanyoneelsewantedtovolunteer,Maggiefeltherhandslowlyrise.LookingagainatJasmine,shetookabigbreath.Maybeitwastimeforhertousehervoice.“Maggie?”Mr.Murphysmiled.“Youwantaturn?”“Yes,”shesaid.Theclasswhispered.Maggieleadingateam?“Yes,”sheansweredagain,louderthistime.Mr.MurphywavedMaggietothefront,wheretheotherthreecaptains-ChampionofJumpingRope,ChampionofNeverMissesaShot,andChampionofDoesn’tKnowHowtoLose-stood,readytochoosetheirteams.“Maggie,yougetfirstpick,”saidMr.Murphy.“Jasmine,”announcedMaggie.Theclasssnickered.Ajoke?Morethanonce,Jasminehadtriedtoscoreonthewrongbasket.Eyeswide,JasminetookherplacebesideMaggie.Theotherthreecaptainscalledoutfamiliarnames—thebestplayersonthebasketballcourt.ItwasMaggie’sturnagain.“IchooseFrank.”Frank(ChampionoftheUntiedShoelace)couldnotthrow,orcatch.Heknewwhatitfeltliketobethelastpick.Butnottoday.Threeverytalentedteamstookshape.AndthentherewasMaggie’steam.Maggielookedatherteammates.TherestoodJasmineandFrank,plusGillian(ChampionofChatter)andGeorge(ChampionofSleepy).“Ihavechosentheworstteaminthehistoryoftheworld,”Maggiethoughttoherself.注意：1.续写词数应为150个左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Handinhand,theMaggieteamwalkedontothecourt.Theydidlosebig,butsomethingpositivebegantounfoldinthem.

答案及评分标准第一部分阅读第一节1--3DCD4-7CABD8-11BAAB12--15CCAB第二节16-20EGCBA第二部分语言运用第一节21-25BDCCA26-30DABCA31-35BBDAC第二节36.survival37.where38.the