福建省泉州市2023-2024学年高二上学期1月期末教学质量监测英语试题

保密★启用前20232024学年度上学期泉州市高中教学质量监测高二英语2024.01(试卷满分：150分，考试时间：120分钟)注意事项：1.答题前，考生须在试题卷、答题卡规定的位置填写自己的准考证号、姓名。考生应认真核对答题卡上粘贴的条形码的“准考证号、姓名”与考生本人准考证号、姓名是否一致。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束，考生须将试题卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C。1.Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?A.GotoGermany.B.Consultherteacher.C.Giveupthechance.2.Whatwillpeopledoatthebeachthisweekend?A.Haveabeachparty.B.Joinamunitydance.C.Doabeachcleanup.3.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Awarmworkmate.B.Afortablehouse.C.Abigdinner.4.WhatdoesMrSmithdiscussaboutonsocialmedia?AHumorousstories.B.Futureplans.C.panynews.5.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?A.Teacherandstudent.B.Librarianandborrower.C.Fellowclassmates.第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。6.Howlongwillthesciencefairprobablylast?A.Fourdays.B.Fivedays.C.Sixdays.7.What’sthewomanespeciallyinterestedinaboutthesciencefair?A.Thespaceexplorationshow.B.Thechemistryexperiments.C.Thelecturesonmodernphysics.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。8.HowdoesChristopherfeelaftergoingtothegym?A.Energetic.B.Confident.C.Relaxed.9.WhatdoesChristopherdowhenwatchingbirds?A.Heclassifiesthebirds.B.Hefocusesonrarebirds.C.Hewritesreportsonbirds.10.HowlongdoesChristopherspendonbirdwatchingeveryseason?A.About3hours.B.About6hours.C.About8hours.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。11.HowoldwasJ.K.RowlingwhenshefirsthadtheideaforHarryPotter?A.32.B.30.C.25.12.WhatdidJamesJoycedobeforehisfirstbook?A.Heworkedasasecretary.B.Hestudiedmedicine.C.Heservedasacareeradvisor.13.Whatisthewomanupsetabout?A.Howtochooseareliablecareeradvisor.B.Howtofinishhermedicalstudiessmoothly.C.Howtomakeaclearfuturecareerplan.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。14.Whatisthewoman’sattitudetowardstheeffectofeducationontheenvironment?A.Positive.B.Critical.C.Unclear.15.Whatdoesthemanthinklawscanhelptodo?A.Recyclelitters.B.Locatepollutants.C.Saveresources.16.WhatdoesJerrysuggestpeopledoindividually?A.Educateotherpeople.B.Refuseharmfulproducts.C.Findnewresources.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。17.What’sthetopicofthespeech?A.Ideasaboutaveragestudents.B.StudyrequirementsatU.S.universities.C.ThepositionofstudentsonU.S.campus.18.Whydomanystudentstakeparttimejobs?A.Tocovertheirdailyexpenses.B.Topaymoneybacktobanks.C.Tosavemoneyforthefuture.19.Whatisthespeaker’ssuggestionforthediversestudentbody?A.Showingrespect.B.Collectingideas.C.Havingdiscussions.20.Whomightbethelisteners?A.Professors.B.Freshmen.C.Parents.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ABestMoviesof2023Determiningthe“best”moviesissubjectiveandcanvarydependingonpersonaltastesandpreferences.However,herearesomehighlyratedmoviesfrom2023thatreceivedpositivereviews.SpiderMan:AcrosstheSpiderVerse140min|Animation,Action,Adventure☆Rate8.7MilesMoralestravelsacrosstheMultiverse,wherehemeetsateamofSpiderPeople.Whentheheroesfightoverhowtohandleanewthreat,Milesmustredefinewhatitmeanstobeahero.Directors:JoaquimDosSantos,KempPowers,JustinK.ThompsonVotes:310,763GuardiansoftheGalaxyVol.3150min|Action,Adventure,edy☆Rate7.9StilldepressedfromthelossofGamora,PeterQuillgathershisteamtodefendtheuniverseandoneoftheirown—amissionthatcouldmeantheendoftheGuardiansifnotsuccessful.Director:JamesGunnVotes:350,483Wonka116min|Adventure,edy,Family☆Rate7.4Withdreamsofopeningashopinacityknownforitschocolate,ayoungandpoorWillyWonkadiscoversthattheindustryisrunbyagroupofgreedychocolatiers.Director:PaulKingVotes:9,342Barbie(I)114min|Adventure,edy,Fantasy☆Rate7Barbiesuffersacrisisthatleadshertoquestionherworldandherexistence.Director:GretaGerwigVotes:403,759Clickheretoseemoreandvoteforyourfavoritemoviesof20231.Whichmoviegivesaninsightintothemeaningofheroes?A.SpiderMan:AcrosstheSpiderVerse. B.GuardiansoftheGalaxyVol.3.C.Wonka. D.Barbie(I).2.WhomaybemostattractedbyWonka?A.Sciencefictionaddicts. B.Actionmoviefans.C.Chocolateenthusiasts. D.Dolllovers.3.Whereisthistextprobablytakenfrom?A.Amoviemagazine. B.Amoviewebsite.C.Amovieposter. D.Anacademicpaperonmovies.【答案】1.A2.C3.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了2023年几部最好的电影。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据SpiderMan:AcrosstheSpiderVerse部分中“Whentheheroesfightoverhowtohandleanewthreat,Milesmustredefinewhatitmeanstobeahero.(当英雄们为如何应对新的威胁而斗争时，Miles必须重新定义什么是英雄)”可知，SpiderMan:AcrosstheSpiderVerse这部电影让我们深刻理解了英雄的意义。故选A。【2题详解】推理判断题。根据Wonka部分中“Withdreamsofopeningashopinacityknownforitschocolate,ayoungandpoorWillyWonkadiscoversthattheindustryisrunbyagroupofgreedychocolatiers.(梦想着在一个以巧克力闻名的城市开一家店，年轻而贫穷的WillyWonka发现这个行业是由一群贪婪的巧克力商经营的)”可知，Wonka这部电影是关于巧克力的。由此推知，巧克力爱好者最可能被该电影吸引。故选C。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据全文内容，结合标题“BestMoviesof2023(2023年最好的电影)”和第一段中“ Clickheretoseemoreandvoteforyourfavoritemoviesof2023.(点击这里查看更多，并为你最喜欢的2023年电影投票)”可知，文章介绍了2023年几部最好的电影。由此推知，本文可能出自一个电影网站。故选B。BChinesemathematicseducatorGuLingyuandeliveredalectureabouta45yearmathteachingreformprograminShanghaiatthe14thInternationalCongressonMathematicalEducation.Thereformprogram—the“QingpuExperiment”—hasinvolvedthreegenerationsofeducators.TheexperimentstartedinShanghai’sQingpuDistrictin1977whenGufoundonly2.8percentof4,300surveyedmiddleschoolstudentstherepassedatestrelatedtobasicmathknowledge,and23.5percentreceivedzeros.Sincethen,threeroundsof15yearresearchandreformsinmathteachinghavebeenlaunchedtoimprovethegenerallocalmatheducationquality.“Thefirstperiodwastoexplorepracticalwaystoimproveeducationqualityinmostmonsituations,”Gusaid.Inthisperiod,Guandhiscolleagues(同事)spentthreeyearsinsurveyingstudents’mathlearning.Theythenselectedsevenlocalschoolsand50teacherstolearnaboutproblemsandusefulexperiencesbeforescreeningoutthemosteffectiveteachingapproaches.Theapproacheswerethenpromotedinalllocalschools.Withtheirefforts,16percentofthefinalyearstudentspassedthemathtestinthegraduationexamin1979,andtherateincreasedto85percentin1986.Afterimprovingstudents’testscores,theybegantoworkonhowtomakestudentsbee“smarter”.Inthisperiod,theydevelopedanapproachtoguidingstudentstodeveloptheircognitiveabilityratherthanmerelymemorizingmathematicalconceptsandpracticingbydoingexercises.Inthepastdecade,theyhavebeenpayingmoreattentiontostudents’innovativeabilitiesandputtingforwardtheapproachofactioneducation.“ThisexperimenthelpedusfindoutproblemsinmathematicseducationinChinaandoffersolutions,inwhichwehavesummarizedourownexperiences,”saidGu.4.Whatdotheexperimentaldatainparagraph2indicate?A.Studentsshowedlittleinterestinmath.B.Studentsdiversifiedinlearningoutes.C.Studentsexhibitedlimitedmathpetence.D.Studentsweredistractedfrommathlearning.5.Whatcanwelearnfromthefirstperiodoftheexperiment?A.Oneinfivestudentspassedthefinalgraduationmathtest.B.Selectedmeasuresweretakentobooststudents’performance.C.Asurveyconcerningteachers’educationprocesswasconducted.D.Variousteachingapproacheswerepromotedacrossthecountry.6.WhathaveGuandhiscolleaguesfocusedoninthelasttenyears?A.Students’innovativeability. B.Students’memorizingability.C.Teachers’educationsystem. D.Teachers’teachingtechnique.7.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?AQingpuExperiment:a45yearmathteachingreformprogram.B.GuLingyuan:Apioneeringmathematicseducator.C.ThedevelopmentofmatheducationinChina.D.EducationreformsinQingpuDistrict.【答案】4.C5.B6.A7.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲述了中国数学教育家顾泠沅在第十四届国际数学教育大会现场发表了关于上海数学教改项目的演讲，这个为期45年的改革项目，“青浦实验”，包含了三代教育者的努力，这项实验帮助找到中国数学教育中的问题并提出了解决方法。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中的“TheexperimentstartedinShanghai’sQingpuDistrictin1977whenGufoundonly2.8percentof4,300surveyedmiddleschoolstudentstherepassedatestrelatedtobasicmathknowledge,and23.5percentreceivedzeros.(这项实验始于1977年的上海青浦区，当时顾发现，在接受调查的4300名中学生中，只有2.8%的人通过了与数学基础知识相关的考试，23.5%的人获得了零分。)”可知，4300名中学生中，只有2.8%的人通过数学基础考试，23.5%的人得零分，由此可推测出，这些数据显示出了学生们在数学上的能力不足。故选C。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Theythenselectedsevenlocalschoolsand50teacherstolearnaboutproblemsandusefulexperiencesbeforescreeningoutthemosteffectiveteachingapproaches.Theapproacheswerethenpromotedinalllocalschools.(然后，他们选择了七所当地学校和50名教师，了解问题和有用的经验，然后筛选出最有效的教学方法。这些方法随后在所有当地学校得到推广。)”可知，在实验的第一阶段，他们挑选出有效的教学方法去提高学生们的表现。故选B。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段中的“Inthepastdecade,theyhavebeenpayingmoreattentiontostudents’innovativeabilitiesandputtingforwardtheapproachofactioneducation.(在过去的十年里，他们越来越关注学生的创新能力，并提出了行动教育的方法。)”可知，在最后的十年里，他们关注学生的创新能力。故选A。【7题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“ChinesemathematicseducatorGuLingyuandeliveredalectureabouta45yearmathteachingreformprograminShanghaiatthe14thInternationalCongressonMathematicalEducation.Thereformprogram—the‘QingpuExperiment’—hasinvolvedthreegenerationsofeducators.(在第十四届国际数学教育大会上，中国数学教育家顾泠沅做了一场关于上海45年数学教改项目的演讲。这项改革项目——‘青浦实验’——涉及三代教育工作者。)”并结合下文内容可知，本文主要讲述了“青浦实验”这项为期45年的数学教改项目的具体实施情况和结果。由此可推测出，A项“青浦实验：一项为期45年的数学教改项目”最能概括本文。故选A。CWithoutshinyblacksolarpanels(太阳能板)ontheroof,theresidentsinanapartmentbuildinginIllinoisareenjoyingthebenefitsof“munitysolar”—aprograminwhichresidentscanbuyelectricityfromnearbysolarfarms,reducingplanetwarminggreenhousegasemissions(排放)andreceivingdiscountsontheirelectricbills.Thesolarenergyinmunitysolardoesn’tactuallyflowintoyourhome,butflowsintoyourarea’spowergrid(电网),providingelectricitytohomesandbusinessesinyourregion,andyougetthebenefitsofgovernmentsolarrewardsintheformoflowerelectricitybills.AmongthosesigningupfortheprogramisDickerson,73,ofOakPark,Illinois.“Tryit;you’lllikeit,”hesaid.“You’llsavemoney,andyou’llfeelgoodaboutsavingtheplanet—atleastalittlebit.”Proudlyshowingchartsoftheirelectricitycostsinarecentinterview,Dickersonandhisfellowmembersofthemunitygreenmittee,saidthey’reallpayinglesswithmunitysolarfortheirindividualhomesaswellasthemunity’smonspace.munitysolarwaspioneeredinthemid2000sasawaytobringcleanenergytothemanyAmericanhouseholdswithoutaccesstosolarpanelsforvariousreasons.“munitysolarisabouttoboosteverywhereintermsofaccess,”saidNicoleSteele,asenioradvisorintheU.S.DepartmentofEnergy.“It’sjustanotherwaytobepartofthecleanenergytransformationandseetheactualbenefits.”DickersonandhisneighbourJohnsonhavebeenprotectingtheplanetsincechildhood,suchasleavingnolitterintheforestandsortingrecyclables.Therefore,theyfounditeasytoacceptmunitysolar.Now,thebuilding’sgreennewsletter,editedbyJohnson,istrumpetingmunitysolarsavings.“Asaparentandgrandparent,it’skindoflikeaheritage,”Johnsonsaidofthiswork.“HowcouldIdosomethingthat’sbadfortheworldinwhichmygrandchildrenaregoingtolive?”8.Howdoesmunitysolarwork?A.Bydirectlytransportingenergytohouseholds.B.Byequippingresidents’rooftopswithpanels.C.Bystoringelectricityinnearbysolarfarms.D.Byprovidingelectricitythroughthepowergrid.9.WhydidDickersonandthemitteememberssignupfortheprogram?A.Topreventgreenhousegasemission.B.Toreducecostandhelpsavetheplanet.C.Toexperienceamoreconvenientenergy.D.Togetrewardsfromthelocalgovernment.10.WhatisNicoleSteele’sattitudetomunitysolar?A.Doubtful. B.Dismissive. C.Conservative. D.Approving.11.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“trumpeting”inthelastparagraphprobablymean?A.Admittingshyly. B.Statingcritically.C.Explainingsecretly. D.Announcingproudly.【答案】8.D9.B10.D11.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍美国伊利诺伊州的“社区太阳能”项目，可以减少温室气体的排放，居民也能享受电费折扣。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Thesolarenergyinmunitysolardoesn’tactuallyflowintoyourhome,butflowsintoyourarea’spowergrid(电网),providingelectricitytohomesandbusinessesinyourregion(社区太阳能中的太阳能实际上并不会流入你的家庭，而是流入你所在地区的电网，为你所在地区的家庭和企业提供电力)”可知，社区太阳能通过流入所在地区的电网为该地区的家庭和企业提供电力，故选D。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中“‘You’llsavemoney,andyou’llfeelgoodaboutsavingtheplanetatleastalittlebit.’Proudlyshowingchartsoftheirelectricitycostsinarecentinterview,Dickersonandhisfellowmembersofthemunitygreenmittee,saidthey’reallpayinglesswithmunitysolarfortheirindividualhomesaswellasthemunity’smonspace.(“你会省钱，而且你会为拯救地球而感到高兴——至少有那么一点点。”在最近的一次采访中，Dickerson和他的社区绿色委员会成员自豪地展示了他们的电力成本图表，他们说，他们为个人住宅和社区公共空间支付的社区太阳能费用都更少)”可知，Dickerson和社区成员报名社区太阳能是为了减少电费并帮助保护地球，故选B。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段中““munitysolarisabouttoboosteverywhereintermsofaccess, ”saidNicoleSteele,asenioradvisorintheU.S.DepartmentofEnergy.“It’sjustanotherwaytobepartofthecleanenergytransformationandseetheactualbenefits. ”(“社区太阳能将在各地普及。”美国能源部高级顾问NicoleSteele说。“这只是参与清洁能源转型并看到实际效益的另一种方式。”)”可知，NicoleSteele对社区太阳能持赞成态度，故选D。【11题详解】词句猜测题。根据最后一段中“Asaparentandgrandparent,it’skindoflikeaheritage(作为父母和祖父母，这有点像一种遗产)”以及“HowcouldIdosomethingthat’sbadfortheworldinwhichmygrandchildrenaregoingtolive?(我怎么能做一些对我孙子将要生活的世界有害的事情呢？)”可知，Johnson认为自己在做对子孙后代有益的事情，故应是用自豪的语气说，推测划线单词trumpeting意为“宣扬”，故选D。DAstheygrow,childrenstartdoingcertainactivitieswithouttheirparentswatchingoverthem.Andwhilemostparentsagreethatkidsbenefitfromopportunitiestobeindependent,theymaybeengaginginmore“helicopterparenting”,suggestsanewUniversityofMichiganHealthC.S.MottChildren’sHospitalNationalPoll(民意调查)onChildren’sHealth.“There’sasizablegapbetweenparentattitudesaboutpromotingchildren’sindependenceandwhattheyactuallyalloworencouragetheirchildrentodowithoutsupervision(监督),”saidMottPollcodirectorSarahClark,M.P.H.Fourinfiveparentsofchildrenaged9—11agreethatit’sgoodforchildrentohavefreetimewithoutadultsupervision.Butfewerreporttheirchildactuallydoescertainthingswithoutanadultpresent,thepollsuggests.Aboutthreeinfiveparentshavelettheirtweenagedchildstayhomefor30—60minuteswhilehalfsaytheirchildhasseparatedfromthemtofindanitematanotheraisle(过道)inthestore.Lessthanhalfsaytheirchildhaswalkedorbikedtoafriend’shouseorplayedattheparkwithafriend,andlessthanasixthofparentshavelettheirchildtrickortreatwithfriends.Thetopreasonbehindparents’hesitancytopromotesuchindependentmilestoneswassafety.“Tosomeextent,worryingaboutyourchildisnatural.Butsomeparentsarelimitingtheirchild’sindependentactivitiesduetohighlypublicizedmediareports,evenifthoseoutesareveryunlikelytooccurorcannotbeprevented,”Clarksaid.Theelementaryschoolyears,Clarknotes,isanimportantperiodfordevelopingindependencewithparentalguidance.“Beingindependentisagradualprocessofallowingchildrenincreasingamountsoffreedom,withparentstheretoteachskillsandhelpthechildunderstandthepotentialdangersoftheirchoices,”Clarksaid.“Aschildrenbeemoreexperiencedandfortablewithtasks,theycanassumeresponsibilityfordoingthemregularly.Researchshowsencouragingindependencefacilitatesachild’sselfconfidence,problemsolvingability,andmentalhealth.”12.Whatisanexampleof“helicopterparenting”?A.Saraallowingher9yearolddaughtertogoswimmingalone.B.Davidstoppinghis10yearoldsonplayingfootballforfearofdanger.C.Andersonleavinghis11yearoldtwinsinthelibraryonweekends.D.Joannainvitingher12yearolddaughtertogohikinginthemountain.13.Whatisthemainreasonbehindparents’hesitancy?A.Beingbusy. B.Fearofmediareports.C.Lackoftrust. D.Safetyconcerns.14.AccordingtoClark,whatbenefitcanchildrengainfrombeingindependent?A.Improvedphysicalhealth. B.Bettersocialskills.C.Enhancedproblemsolvingability. D.Increasedacademicperformance.15.Whatisthesuggestedapproachforparentstopromotechildren’sindependence?A.Graduallyincreasingfreedomwithparentalsupport.B.Givingchildrenpletefreedomwithoutguidance.C.Warningchildrenofthepotentialdangersoftheirchoices.D.Encouragingindependenceafterelementaryschoolyears.【答案】12.B13.D14.C15.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了一项民意调查显示，尽管大多数家长认为孩子能从独立的机会中受益，但这些家长可能仍然更多地坚持“直升机式育儿”。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Astheygrow,childrenstartdoingcertainactivitieswithouttheirparentswatchingoverthem.Andwhilemostparentsagreethatkidsbenefitfromopportunitiestobeindependent,theymaybeengaginginmore‘helicopterparenting’,suggestsanewUniversityofMichiganHealthC.S.MottChildren’sHospitalNationalPoll(民意调查)onChildren’sHealth.(随着孩子们的成长，他们开始在没有父母看管的情况下进行某些活动。密歇根大学健康中心莫特儿童医院的一项新的全国儿童健康民意调查显示，尽管大多数父母都认为孩子们从独立的机会中受益，但他们可能会更多地参与‘直升机式育儿’)”可推知，“直升机式育儿”与让孩子们不在父母看管的情况下独立做事相反，结合选项可知，B项“大卫因为害怕危险而阻止10岁的儿子踢足球”符合“直升机式育儿”。故选B。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段中的“Thetopreasonbehindparents’hesitancytopromotesuchindependentmilestoneswassafety.(家长们犹豫是否要推广这样的独立里程碑的首要原因是安全)”可知，家长们犹豫的主要原因是担心安全问题。故选D。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Researchshowsencouragingindependencefacilitatesachild’sselfconfidence,problemsolvingability,andmentalhealth.(研究表明，鼓励孩子独立有助于提高孩子的自信心、解决问题的能力和心理健康)”可知，孩子学会独立有助于提高自信心、解决问题的能力和心理健康。故选C。【15题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Beingindependentisagradualprocessofallowingchildrenincreasingamountsoffreedom,withparentstheretoteachskillsandhelpthechildunderstandthepotentialdangersoftheirchoices(独立是一个循序渐进的过程，让孩子有越来越多的自由，父母在那里教授技能，帮助孩子了解他们选择的潜在危险)”可知，家长提升孩子的独立性时，建议家长在自己的支持下逐渐增加孩子的自由。故选A。第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。ResearchbypsychologistCarolDwecksuggeststhattherearetwobasicmindsetsthatinfluencehowpeoplethinkaboutthemselvesandtheirabilities:thefixedmindsetandthegrowthmindset.Peoplewhopossessafixedmindsetbelievethatthingssuchasintelligenceareunchangeable.Thosewithafixedmindsetbelievethatsuccessisn’taresultofhardwork—it’ssimplyaresultoftalents.____16____Thosewhohaveagrowthmindset,ontheotherhand,feelthattheycanchange,grow,andlearnthrougheffort.____17____Whenthingsgettough,theylookforwaystoimprovetheirskillsandkeepworkingtowardsuccess.Bytakingbabysteps,anyonewhowantstocanchangeone’smindsetfroma“fixed”perspective(视角)toa“growthmindset”.Here’show:Acknowledgeandacceptimperfectioninselfandothers.____18____Ourimperfectionsmakeusunique.Andselfloveisagoodthing.Speedisnotimportant.____19____Instead,youfullyengageandputeffortintotheprocess,nomatterhowlongittakes.Bytheway,focusingontheprocessoftenalsoimprovesresults,becauseyoudidputalotofeffortinalongtheway.____20____Peoplewithgrowthmindsetsdon’tbelievethatfailureisareflectionoftheirabilities.Instead,theyviewitasavaluablesourceofexperiencefromwhichtheycanlearnandimprove.“Thatdidn’twork,”theymightthink,“sothistimeI’lltrysomethingalittledifferent.”Bychoosingtomaketheextraefforttobuildagrowthmindset,youcanmakeyourmentalprocessesworkforyou,resultinginagreaterlikelihoodthatyougettheresultsyou’relookingforandlivethelifeyouwanttolive.A.Believethatyoureffortsmatter.B.Viewfailuresaslearningexperiences.C.Whatworksforyoumightnotworkforsomeoneelse.D.Theytendtogiveupmoreeasilyinthefaceofachallenge.E.Weallhaveourshortingsandweaknesses—ourimperfections.F.Whenyouhaveagrowthmindset,theendresultsarelessofafocus.G.Peoplewhobelievethattheyarecapableofgrowtharemorelikelytoachievesuccess.【答案】16.D17.G18.E19.F20.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章介绍了拥有两种心态的人，以及如何把心态从“固定型”转变为“成长型”。【16题详解】根据上文“Thosewithafixedmindsetbelievethatsuccessisn’taresultofhardworkit’ssimplyaresultoftalents.(那些有固定心态的人认为成功不是努力工作的结果，而是天赋的结果)”可知，有固定心态的人认为成功不是努力工作的结果，而是天赋的结果，故他们面对挑战应是容易放弃，不去努力，D项“面对挑战，他们更容易放弃”符合语境，故选D。【17题详解】根据上文“Thosewhohaveagrowthmindset,ontheotherhand,feelthattheycanchange,grow,andlearnthrougheffort.(另一方面，那些拥有成长心态的人认为他们可以通过努力来改变、成长和学习)”和下文“Whenthingsgettough,theylookforwaystoimprovetheirskillsandkeepworkingtowardsuccess.(当事情变得艰难时，他们会寻找方法来提高自己的技能，并继续朝着成功努力)”可知，拥有成长型心态的人他们可以通过努力来改变、成长和学习，他们会寻找办法来提高自己的技能，并继续朝着成功努力，所以他们会更可能获得成功，G项“相信自己有能力成长的人更有可能取得成功”符合语境，故选G。【18题详解】根据上文“Acknowledgeandacceptimperfectioninselfandothers.(承认并接受自己和他人的不完美)”和下文“Ourimperfections(我们的不完美)”可知，空格处表达我们都有不完美的地方，E项“我们都有缺点和弱点——我们的不完美”与上下文语义一致，故选E。【19题详解】下文“Instead,youfullyengageandputeffortintotheprocess,nomatterhowlongittakes.(相反，你要全身心地投入到这个过程中，不管需要多长时间)”强调过程，空处与下文意思相反，故应是关于结果，F项“当你拥有成长型心态时，最终的结果就不会那么引人注目了”符合语境，故选F。【20题详解】根据下文“Peoplewithgrowthmindsetsdon’tbelievethatfailureisareflectionoftheirabilities.Instead,theyviewitasavaluablesourceofexperiencefromwhichtheycanlearnandimprove.(拥有成长型心态的人不相信失败是他们能力的反映。相反，他们认为这是一个宝贵的经验来源，他们可以从中学习和提高)”可知，本段是说拥有成长型心态的人把失败看作是宝贵的经验，可以从中学习和提高，B项“把失败看作是学习的经验”符合语境，故选B。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节完形填空(15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Aheartwarmingtaleoffriendshipandselflessnesshasdrawntheattentionofpeopleworldwide.InapopularTikTokvideo,SarahHallum,anursingschoolstudent,postedher____21____forakidney(肾)transplant.Littledidsheknow,hercallforhelpwould____22____theeyesandheartofSavannahStallbaumer,a____23____fromacrosstheInternet.MovedbyHallum’sstory,Stallbaumer____24____totakeaction.MsHallumwroteonFacebook:“Icouldn’tbelieveitwhenStallbaumerfirst____25____it.Infact,Ipletely____26____heratfirst.Ididn’texpectsomeonewhoIjustmetshouldbeso____27____tosavemylife—butshepersisted.”Aftergettingtested,Stallbaumerreceivedincrediblenews—shewasaperfect____28____.StallbaumersharedthenewswithHallum____29____byholdingupasignthatsimplysaid,“BREAKINGNEWS:You’regettinganewkidney.”The____30____momentwassharedonsocialmedia,givingusabriefinsightintothepowerofhuman____31____.HallumexpressedherdeepthankfulnessforStallbaumer’sselflessness,____32____theincredibleactofkindnessthathadtakenplace.ThisstoryisanevidenceofthepoweroftheInternettobringpeopletogether,eveninthemost____33____ways.Italsoservesasa____34____oftheenormouscapacity(能力)forpassion(同情)and____35____thatlieswithinusall.21.A.ambition B.ability C.charge D.need22.A.cure B.replace C.reach D.open23.A.relative B.stranger C.classmate D.nurse24.A.decided B.hesitated C.pretended D.refused25.A.encountered B.mentioned C.examined D.recognised26.A.convinced B.understood C.ignored D.confused27.A.determined B.confident C.brilliant D.petitive28.A.opponent B.genius C.student D.match29.A.excitedly B.bitterly C.loosely D.constantly30.A.amusing B.emotional C.peaceful D.heartbreaking31.A.creativity B.intelligence C.connection D.cognition32.A.conducting B.inspiring C.spreading D.acknowledging33.A.desperate B.clumsy C.unexpected D.unbearable34.A.reminder B.reward C.memory D.reliever35.A.honesty B.generosity C.courage D.patience【答案】21.D22.C23.B24.A25.B26.C27.A28.D29.A30.B31.C32.D33.C34.A35.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲述SavannahStallbaumer无私地给陌生人SarahHallum捐赠肾脏的感人故事。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在一个很受欢迎的TikTok视频中，护理学校的学生SarahHallum发布了她需要肾脏移植的视频。A.ambition雄心，野心；B.ability能力；C.charge要价，收费；D.need需要，需求。根据下文“hercallforhelp”可知，SarahHallum需要肾脏移植，故选D。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她不知道，她的求助会传到SavannahStallbaumer的眼睛和心里，一个来自互联网的陌生人。A.cure治愈；B.replace替代；C.reach到达；D.open打开。根据下文“MovedbyHallum’sstory,Stallbaumer____4____totakeaction.”可知，Stallbaumer听说了Hallum的故事，故此处指“她的求助传到了SavannahStallbaumer的眼睛和心里”，故选C。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A.relative亲戚；B.stranger陌生人；C.classmate同学；D.nurse护士。根据“fromacrosstheInternet”可知，此处指来自互联网的陌生人，故选B。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：被Hallum的故事所感动，Stallbaumer决定采取行动。A.decided决定；B.hesitated犹豫；C.pretended假装；D.refused拒绝。根据下文“Aftergettingtested”可知，Stallbaumer去做了配型测试，说明她决定采取行动，故选A。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Hallum女士在Facebook上写道：“当Stallbaumer第一次提到这件事时，我简直不敢相信。”A.encountered遭遇，遇到；B.mentioned提到；C.examined检查；D.recognised认识，识别。根据“Icouldn’tbelieveit”可知，此处指当Stallbaumer第一次提到这件事时，Hallum简直无法相信，故选B。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：事实上，一开始我完全无视她。A.convinced使信服；B.understood理解；C.ignored忽视；D.confused使困惑。根据上文“Icouldn’tbelieveit”和下文“Ididn’texpectsomeonewhoIjustmetshouldbeso____7____tosavemylife”可知，Hallum不相信一个陌生人真的会坚持帮助自己，故一开始她无视Stallbaumer，故选C。【27题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我没想到一个刚认识的人会如此坚决地要救我的命——但她坚持了下来。A.determined坚定的；B.confident自信的；C.brilliant巧妙的，聪颖的；D.petitive竞争的。结合下文的转折“butshepersisted”可知，此处指“我没想到一个刚认识的人会如此坚决地要救我的命”，故选A。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在接受检查后，Stallbaumer收到了令人难以置信的消息——她是一个完美的匹配。A.opponent对手；B.genius天才；C.student学生；D.match相匹配的人（或物）。根据下文“You’regettinganewkidney.(你将得到一个全新的肾)”可知，Stallbaumer和Hallum配型成功，故选D。【29题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：Stallbaumer兴奋地和Hallum分享了这个消息，他举着一个牌子，上面简单地写着：“突发新闻：你将得到一个新的肾脏。”A.excitedly兴奋地；B.bitterly苦涩地；C.loosely松散地；D.constantly不断地。根据“BREAKINGNEWS:You’regettinganewkidney.”和语境可知，配型成功，Stallbaumer兴奋地和Hallum分享了这个消息，故选A。30题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这一激动人心的时刻被分享到了社交媒体上，让我们对人与人之间的联系的力量有了一个简短的了解。A.amusing有趣的，好笑的；B.emotional情绪激动的，激动人心的；C.peaceful和平的；D.heartbreaking令人心碎的。上文提到Stallbaumer兴奋地和Hallum分享配型成功的好消息，故此处指这一激动人心的时刻，故选B。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A.creativity创造力；B.intelligence智力；C.connection联系；D.cognition认知。结合语境和下文“ThisstoryisanevidenceofthepoweroftheInternettobringpeopletogether(这个故事证明了互联网将人们聚集在一起的力量)”可知，Hallum和Stallbaumer是陌生人，但互联网将将他们聚在一起，并配型成功，故此处指人与人之间的联系的力量，故选C。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Hallum对Stallbaumer的无