冀教版八年级英语下各课知识点总结

Unit1

lessonl

1.What'stheweatherliketoday?

这句是用来询问天气的一个常用句子，还可以说成：Howistheweather?

2.Itwillbesnowyandhottoday.

snowy是形容词，意思是有雪的，雪大的。它是由名词snow+y构成，类似的词还有：

cloudy;rainy;sunny;windy;icy;foggy;thirsty;dirty;healthy;

3.What'sthetemperature?问温度是多少时，不用howmany\much,要用what

4.1hopenot.它的肯定形式为Ihopeso.

类似的表达法有：I'mafraidsoAPmafraidnot.1thinkso\Idon*tthinkso.

5.1'mscaredofthunder.

bescaredofsb.\sth.害怕某人或某物。这里scared是过去分词,作形容词。：I'mscaredofwildanimals.

scare还可以作动词。如：Youscaredme.

Iesson2

l.Whatsthedatetoday?It*sMarchtwenty-first.

What'sthedate?是用来询问日期的一个常用句子，也可以说成：Whatistoday*sdate?

如果询问星期要用Whatdayistoday?\Whatdayisittoday?

2.Inspring,theweatherbecomeswarmer.

become是系动词，与get一样，常接形容词作表语；与get不同的是它还可以接名词作表语，表示身份的变化。

应为：成为。如：Thedaysarebecoming\gettinglongerinsummer.Hebecamealawyerin1998.

3.Thetemperaturegoesup!goup意思是上升，与rise同义，与godown或set相反。如：Thesungoesup\risesinthe

eastandgoesdown\setsinthewest.

4.Thundermakesaloudnoise.makeanoise意思是发出声响，吵闹。如：Thebabyissleeping.Don11makeanoise.You

shouldn'tmakeanoiseinclass.

Iesson3

1.SpringhasarrivedinShijiazhuang.arrive是不及物动词，意思是到达。arrivein+大地点（国家、地区、城市）arrive

at+小地点（学校、商店、车站、邮局等类似地点），地点为副词时in\at要省去。如：HearrivedinParis.Thetrainarrived

atthestation.Theyarrivedhomeearly.

reach表示到达时，是及物动词，直接与到达的地点（n）连用。如：HereachedParis.Thetrainreachedthestation.

getto表示到达时，后跟副词表示的地点时to要省去，如：Hegetsthereontime.

2.EverymorningIseemanypeopleintheparkexercising.seesb.doingsth.表示看见某人在做某事，如：Canyousee

themplayingfootballoverthere?

seesb.dosth.表示看见某人做过某事，如：Ioftenseehimplayfootballontheplayground.

这样的词还有：hear;watch;notice等。

3.Thesunwillsetinaboutfifteenminutes.

in是介词，表示在…以后，用于将来时，后面跟表示一段时间的名词。此时，不能用after替换in.如：Hewillbeback

intwodays.Theywillfinishtheworkintenmonths.

4.Wewon'tseeanyflowersuntilMay.

not...until...意思是直到...才・・.。until可以作介词或连词。如：Theydidn'tleaveuntiltheyfinishedthework.Hewon'tgo

tobeduntil11o'clock.

5.Nextmonth,maybewewillplayinourshortsandT-shirts!

in表示穿着，它可以跟表示衣服或衣服颜色的名词，意思是穿着…颜色的衣服。如:Thegirlinthehatismysister.They

areplayinginnewclothes.Ourteacherisinareddresstoday.Allofthemareinblack.

Iesson4

1.Weatheriswarming,...这里warm是动词,意思是变暖，它也可用作形容词,如：It'swarminspring.Ifsgetting

warmerdaybyday.

2.onebyone一个接一个地如Youcanplanttheseedsonebyone.类似的词语还有：yearbyyear;daybyday.

3.Seeitbringtheseason'schange.seesbAsth.dosth.看到某人或某事物做过某事，change这里是名词，它也可以做动

词，如：Hechangedhisclothes.

Iesson5

1.Let'sgocycling.gocycling=gotorideabike去骑车。如：HeoftengoescyclingonSunday.

let'sdosth.表示让某人做某事let'snotdosth.让某人不要做某事，如：Let'shavearest.Let'snotgothere.

2.Howaboutbaseball,then?how\whatabout+n\pron\doingsth.如：Ilikespring.Howaboutyou?

Whataboutacupofcoffee?Howaboutopeningthewindow?

3.Theballalwayshitsmeonthehead.hitsb.onthe+身体部位，表示打在某人的某个部位，如：Hehitmeonthehead.He

wassoangrythathehitMaryintheface.

4.Shallweplaysoccer?Shallwe\I...?表示征求对方意见，可以…吗；…好吗。如：Shallwegoswimming?ShallIsithere?

Iesson6

1.DannyisbabysittinghiscousinDebieattheplayground.babysitting是双写t+ing而来的，这样的词还有：

swimming;running;beginning;getting;putting等；attheplayground也可以说成in\ontheplayground.

2.Holdon,Debbie!holdon可以表示稍等,别挂断；抓紧，如：Holdonaminute.Heheldontotherope.

3.Dannywillpushyou.push这里是动词，意思是推，它也可以用作名词.pushsb.=givesb.apush.

4.1fstimetostopswinging,debbie.stopdoingsth.停止做某事;stoptodosth.停下来做某事;如：Theystoppedtosmoke

acigarette.!muststopsmoking.Whenhesawhisteacheronthestreet,hestoppedtotalktoher.Allthestudentsstopped

talkingwhentheteachercamein.

5.Debbedgetsofftheswing.getoff...意思是从…下来，通常指下火车、巴士、轮船、飞机等，反义词组是geton…如：

Don'tgetoffthebusuntilitstops.TheywillgetoffthetraininBeijing.上、下汽车或电梯常用getinto\outof...

lesson7

1.1thoughtaboutitalldayatschool.

thinkabout意思是思考，考虑，想起，想至U...;如:Iamthinkingaboutmyfriendinthecountry.

Don'tthinkaboutitanymore.

2.1thoughtthatitwouldbeeasytobabysitthere.

it在此代替后面的不等式tobabysitthere,作形式主语，如:Itisinterestingtoclimbthehill.Itishardtoanswerthe

question.

3.1wasscaredthatshewouldhurtherself,but...

herself是反身代词，意思是她自己.当主语和宾语［指同一个人时，宾语应用反身代词.如:Shecanlookafterherself.My

mothertaughtherselfEnglish.

反身代词还可以作同位语，起加强语气的作用.如:Shecandoitherself.=Sheherselfcandoit

4.Myauntandunclehadmadesandwichesforustoeatattheplayground.

makesth.forsb.二makesb.sth.意思是为某人制作某物.如:Iwillmakeabirthdaycakeforher.=Iwillmakeherabirthday

cake.

5.sowasI.这是一个倒装句.是由so+系动词'助动词'情态动词+主语，构成汝口:Heistall.SoamI.

TheylikeChinesefood.SodothetwoEnglishmen.

6.1helpedherbrushherteethandclimbintobed.

helpsb.(to)dosth.意思是帮助某人做某事，如:Ioftenhelpmymotherdothehousework.Hesometimeshelpsmestudy

English.

helpsb.withsth.也能表示帮助某人做某事，但with后面跟名词或人称代词宾格，上面的句子可改写为:Ioftenhelpmy

motherwiththehousework.HesometimeshelpsmewithmyEnglish.

Unit2

lesson9

1.Wouldyoulikesomemarkers?

wouldlike意思是想要，后跟名词，代词，动词不等式.如:I'dlikeacupoftea.Wouldyoulikesomebananas?I'dliketohave

anotherbook.

wouldlikesb.todosth.意思是想要某人做某事，如:He'dlikemetohelphimwithhismaths.

wouldyoulikesth.?用来表示邀请某人吃喝或用什么东西,它的答语为:Yes,please.XNo,thanks.

wouldyouliketodosth.?用来表示邀请某人做某事，它的答语为:(yes)JdlikeMoveto.U'mafraidnot...\Fdloveto,but...

等.

2.Wouldyoupleaselendmeyourgreenmarker?

wouldyouplease+动词原形?表示请你…好吗？

lend是借进，常用lendsth.tosb.其反义词为borrow,常用borrowsth.fromsb.,如Heborrowedacarfromhisfriend.He

lenthisbiketohisneighbour.

3.Don'tforgettodrawthesun.

forgettodosth.意思是忘记去做某事,forgetdoingsth.意思是忘了做过某事，如:Don'tforgettoclosethewindowbefore

youbeave.Heforgotclosingthewindow,sohewentbacktocloseitagain.Heforgottoturnoffthelight,soitwason

thewholenight.

4.Afteryouplantaplantinapot,whatdoyoudonext?

plant是一个兼类词，既可以作动词,也可以作名词.plantaplant表示种植物.类似的兼类词还有：

work;water;push等.

lessonlO

1.Flowers,leavesandstemsgrowaboveground.Rootsgrowbelowground.

above是介词，表示在...上方，比...还高.与below相反.如:Theplaneisflyingabovetheclouds.Today'stemperatureis

10degreesbelowzero.

over是在...正上方，或覆盖在.・,上面，如:Thereisalampabovethedesk.Thereisabridgeovertheriver.

2.Plantshaveflowersbeausetheflowersmakeseeds.

because是连词，表示因为，引导原因状语从句.它不能和so连用，如:Shedidn'tcometoschoolbecauseshewas

sick=Shewassicksoshedidn'tcometoschool.

3.Theseedsofthericeplantfeedbillionsofpeople.

hundred,thousand,million,billion等词前有具体数字时，用单数形式，直接修饰名词;表示一个笼统的概念时，用复数形

式,后面要与介词of连用再接名词.如:Hehasthreehundredbooks.Hehasreadhundredsofbooks.

lessonll

l.Youneedtolookafterit.

lookafter=takecareof意思是照顾，如:Ihavetolookafterthebaby.Canyoulookafteryourself?

2.Plantsusesunlighttomakefood.

tomakefood是不定式，表示目的，如:LiMingwenttoBeijingtoseehisuncle.

3.Gardensarefullofplants.

befullof...表示盛满装满.…如:Theroomisfullofpeople.Thesebottlesarefullofwater.

4.1nspring,peopleputcoversoverplantstokeepthemwarmatnight.

cover用作动词意思是覆盖，遮盖,cover...with...表示用..把...覆盖上，如:Hecoveredhisfacewithascarf,becovered

with…被…覆盖着.如:Theroadisusuallycoveredwithsnow.

cover还可以用作名词，表示覆盖物，封面.如:Thebookneedsanewcove匚

keepsb.\sth.+adj.表示使某人或某物处于某种状态.如:Weshouldkeepourclassroomclean.Helikesdoingthingsto

keephimselfbusy.Let'skeepthewindowsopen.

5.Windowsaremadeofglass.

bemadeof…意思是由…制成，在制成的过程中原材料没有发生质的变化.

bemadefrom…意思是由…制成，在制成的过程中原材料发生了质的变化如:Mydeskismadeofwood.Booksare

madeofpaper.Paperismadefromwood.Wineismadefromwheat.

Iessonl2

l.Onegroupsingsthepurplewords,andtheothergroupsingstheblackwords.

one...,theother...意思是——个...另——个如:Shehastwocats.Oneiswhite,theotherisblack.

2.Theprettiestplant...

prettiest是pretty的最高级，如:Heisthetallestboyandsheistheprettiestgirl.

3.Thatyoueverdidsee.

didsee在此相当于saw,did放在动词原形前起加强语气的作用，如:Shedoesstudyhard.Idolikecomputergames.

Theydidgotohaveapicnicyesterday.

4.Asthestemgrows,itmakesleaves.

as在本句中表示当…时候，引导时间状语从句.如:HewentoutasIcamein.

Iessonl3

1.Treeshelpcleantheair.It'spleasanttowalkamongthetrees.

pleasant,pleased都是形容词，表示高兴的，快乐的.pleasant常用来形容事物，而pleased常用来形容人，如:Iamvery

pleasedyou'vedecidedtocome.

among介词，表示在…（三者以上）之间,between介词，表示在两者之间.

2.Donutsdon'tgrowontrees.

ontrees=onthetree表示树本身所有物在树上;inthetree表示外来物在树上;如:Therearesomebirdsinthetree.

Therearemanyapplesonthetree.

3.Thenwecansitunderatreeintheshade.

intheshade是介词短语，意思是在阴凉处.类似的短语有inthesun;inthelight;

4.A11plantstakeenergyfromthesunandmakeitintofood.

make…into…意思是把...制成如:Wecanmakethetreeintopaper.Wecanmakecottonintocloth.

make还可以构成如下短语bemadeof\from\by\in等

5.Withoutfood,theywouldhavenothingtoeatandtheywoulddie.

without是介词，意思是没有，不，如Hewenttoschoolwithoutbreakfast.Heleftwithoutsayinggoodbye.Fishcan't

livewithoutwater.

Iessonl4

1.Thereareabouteightythousanddifferentplantsintheworldthatpeoplecaneat.

thatpeoplecaneat是定语从句，修饰plants,that是关系代词，引导定语从句,并代指plants,也可以用which来引导.当被

修饰的名词是人时，可以用who,that,如Ilikethepresentthatyougaveme.ThisisthemostinterestingbookthatFve

everread.Thewomanwhoisbabysittingthebabyismyaunt.

2.Buthalfoftheworld'sfoodcomesfromonlythreeplants:race,cornandwheat.

halfof...意思是…中的一半，当它所指代的是不可数名词时，代表单数.如果后面所接的是可数名词的复数，那么它所

代表的也是复数概念.如Halfofhismoneywasspentonbooks.HalfofthebookshereareinEnglish.Halfofthe

studentsinourclasslikemath.

allof...;aquarterof…和它类似.

3.Doctorsusemedicinetohelpsickpeople.

use...todosth.意思是用...来做如Weuseourfeetandlegstowalk.

sick是形容词，意思是有病的,患病的，可作定语和表语;ill也是形容词，意思相同，但只能作表语;如Hismotherwas

sick\illinbed.Therearemanysickpeopleinthedoctor'swaitingroom.

4.Doyouhaveahatmadeofstraw?

madeofstraw是过去分词短语作后置定语，表示被动;如Doyouknowtheboynamedpeter?Thisisthecamera

boughtinjapan.

Iessonl5

1.1havealottowriteabouttoday.

towrite作后置定语，修饰alot,表示没有做,要去做的动作.如Ihavenothingtosay.Theyfoundaroomtolivein.

Shehasnopentowritewith.

2.Nowsth.newisgrowingatthetopofthestem.

sth.是不定代词，应看作第三人称单数.形容词修饰它时应作后置定语.如Sth.iswrongwithhiscomputer.Thereissth.

importantintoday'snewspaper.

3.Later,theheadwillturnintowheatseeds.

turninto...意思是变成…如Watercanturnintoice.

o…意思是把...变成如Heatturnswaterintovapor蒸汽.

相关的短语有changeinto...,o....

Unit3

lessonl7

l.SheplayswithmewhenIcomehomefromschool.

playwith…意思是与...玩，玩弄...如Don'tplaywithfire,it*sdangerous.

2.1willkeephimundermydesk.

keep的意思是使某人\某物保持某种状态或某地位.如Ifyourhandsarecold,keeptheminyourpockets.These

gloveswillkeepyourhandswarm.I'msorrytokeepyouwaiting.Youcan*tkeepducksintheclassroom.

keep还有饲养…的意思，如Hekeepsbees,goatsandhensonhisfarm.

3.1willneedtoplantatreeinmybedroom.

在肯定句中动词need通常用作行为动词，如Theyneedtofinishtheprojectontime.Youneedtotakeanumbrella

withyou.

在否定句和疑问句中,need即可用作行为动词,也可以用作情态动词，如Youneednrtfinishthatworktoday.二You

don'tneedtofinishthatworktoday.Doyouneedtogoout?=Needyougoout?

need还可以用作名词，如Thereisagreatneedforanewbookonthissubject.Thereisnodeedforyoutostartyet.

Iessonl8

l.Hewastalkingtomymum.

was\were+doing是过去进行时，表示在过去某一时刻正在进行的动作汝口Hewasn'twatchingthehamburgersatthat

time.HewascookingsupperwhenIgothome.

Iessonl9

l.Thezooisopen.

open是形容词,意思是开放的，可进入的.如Thisgardenisopentothepublic.

open还可以表示开着的,营业的，等.如Hesleptintheroomwiththewindowopenlastnight.Theshopisn'topenon

sundays.Hiscoatwasopen.Thecagesarebigandopen.

2.1thasallkindsofanimals.

allkindsof意思是各种各样的，如Allkindsofplantsweredisplayed,

differentkinds。£..不同种类的...毋kindof…一种.…；

3.We'llneedourcapstoprotectusfromthesun.

protectsbAsth.against\fromsth.意思是保护'保卫某人或某物不受…的侵害.如Iwaswearingafurcoattoprotect

myselffromthecold.Winterwheatlyingundersnowisprotectedagainstthecold.

4.Zooscanhelppeopletostopanimalsfromgoingextinct.

stopsb.fromdoingsth.意思是阻止某人做某事,在主动语态中from可以省去,在被动语态中from不可省去.如Please

don'tstophim(from)playingbasketball.Hewasstoppedfromplayingbasketball.Wealltriedtostophim(from)

smokinginbed.

Iesson20

1.1amatthezoowatchingalltheanimals,!wanttomakefriendswithonetoday.

atthezoo在动物园，也可用作inthezoo.

makefriendswith…表示与…交朋友.

2.Throwsomefoodtotheducksbythewater.

Standsostillwhiletheywaddlemyway.

by是介词，意思是在…旁边,在…附近.如:Myhouseisbytheriver.

still可以作形容词，意思是静止的，不动的;如:KeepstillwhileIcombyourhair.PleasestandstillwhileItakeyour

photograph.

still还可以作副词，意思是还，仍然，仍旧;如:Heisstillsleeping.Thefistisstillalive.

while是连词，意思是当…的时候;如:ImetafriendwhileIwaswalkingdownthestreet.

3.1wantananimalfriendthatlikestojumpandrun,too.

thatlikestojumpandrun是定语从句，修饰先行词ananimalfriend.

被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词,引导定语从句的词叫关系词.先行词是人时,关系词通常用that或who\whom;先行词

是事物时,关系词通常用that或which;关系词在从句中除作状语外，可以省去.如:Edisonwasamanwhonevergaveup.

SheisthegirlwhomImetattheparty.Thisisthehousewhere(二inwhich)Ilivedlastyear.Iknowtheboywhosefatheris

ateacher.Thehousewhichstandsonthehillismine.

lessonll

1.Theygothroughtheentrance.

through介词,意思是(从…内部)穿过.across指(从…表面上)横过.如:Iwalkedacrossthesquaretothemuseum.

Wewalkedthroughtheforest.

2.Maybephotoswouldsurprisetheanimals.

maybe意思是大概，或许.如:Maybehedoesn'tknowit'sspring.Maybeyouputtheletterinyourpocket.

情态动词may和系动词be一起也可以表示可能是…的意思.如:Youmayberight.Ican*tfindmywatch.ltmaybe

inyourpocket.

3.Thendon'ttakephotosofme.

takephotosofsb.意思是给某人照相.

4.1t*snearlynoon,andhe'sstillsleeping.

nearly是副词，意思是几乎,差不多.如:Hurryup—it'snrarlytimeforschool.

nearly和almost都表示几乎,差不多.在多数情况下,两者之间没有什么差另山一般来说almost所表达的程度比

nearly更接近一些.另外,nearly不能用于修饰否定词，但可被not修饰;而almost可以和否定词连用.

5.That'swherewegoout.

wherewegoout.是表语从句,where是引导词.这样的词还有:wh-,that,because等.如:That'swhathesaid.

That'swhyIamsoworried.Thequestioniswhetherourparentswillagree.Theproblemiswhichisheavier.She

lookedasifshewereadoctor.

Iesson22

1.Letsplayajokeonsomeonetoday.

playajokeonsb.意思是开某人的玩笑，戏弄某人.如:Weallplayajokeonhim.

haveajokewithsb.意思是与某人一起开某人的玩笑.如:Istoppedtohaveajokewithhim.

makeajokeabout\ofsb.\sth.意思是拿某人（事）开玩笑.如:Don'tmakeajokeabouthim\hisshortcomings.

2.Let'stellDannythatthebeargotoutofthezoo.

getout（ofsth.）意思是从…里出来.

另外,这个短语还可以表示出外走走.如Welovetogetoutintothecountrysideatweekends.

Yououghttogetoutofyourhousemore.

getoutofsth.\doingsth.意思是逃避责任或义务，不做份内的事，（使某人）放弃、停止或戒除（习惯等）。如Iwish

Icouldgetoutofgoingtothatmeeting.Ican'tgetoutofthehabitofwakingatsixinthemorning.

3.Wehearditontheradio.

on\overtheradio意思是通过无线电广播。类似的短语有onthetelephone;onTV.

4.There,safiercebearcoming.

coming为现在分词，作bear的定语，有正在到来的意思，相当于定语从句thatiscoming汝口Thereisabaglyingon

theground.Therearesomeboysplayingfootballoverthere.

5.Youarejoking,aren'tyou?

该句是反意疑问句。反意疑问句由两部分组成。前一部分是陈述句，后一部分是简短问句，中间用逗号隔开。前

后两部分遵循两个一致，一个相反原则。如Thepenisyours,isn'tit?Heisn'tadoctor,ishe?Yourbrothercan

swim,can'the?Youdon'tstudyChiese,doyou?HeneverwatchesTV,doeshe?

Therewon'tbeanymeetingsnextweek,willthere?

6.Wetrickedoutyou,Danny!

trick是动词，意思是欺骗，欺诈。如Theyoungmantrickedmeoutof50yuan.

tricksb.outof+钱数。表示骗取某人多少钱。

lesson23

l.Oneoftheworld'sfirstzooswasinEgypt,about3500yearsago.

ago作副词表示从现在算起的以前;before作副词可表示从过去某一刻算起的以前。如1methimthreedaysago.I

saidIhadmethimthreedaysbefore.

before后接时间点，可用于任何时态。如Shegottotheofficebeforefiveo'clock.Wehopetogethomebeforesix

o'clock.

2.Nootherpeoplecouldgo.

nootherpeople可以说成nobodyelse.如Nobodyelsecouldgothereexceptkings,queensandimportantpeople.

3.Egyptisfamousforitspyramids.

befamous\well-knownfor意思是以...著名;以...闻名.如Franceisfamousforitsfoodandwine.

Theplaceisfomousforitshotsprings.

befamousas…意思是作为…职业'身份而著名.如Heisfamousasawriter.

4.Peoplewenttothezootolearnaboutanimals.

tolearnaboutanimals是动词不定式作目的状语.如Hecametogiveusatalkyesterday.Iwenttotheparktobreathe

thefreshair.

5.Zoosaretheonlyplacesthatsomekindsofanimalslivein.

thatsomekindsofanimalslivein是定语从句，修饰先行词theonlyplaces.由于先行词前有only,所以关系词只能用

that.

Unit4

Iesson25

1.1fillajarwithwater.

fill...with...意思是用…装满...

befilledwith...二befullof...意思是充满…如Onhearingthenews,hereyesarefilledwithtears.Theyfilledthe

holewithwater.

fillin...意思是填上…;填充如Fillintheblanks.

2.Then,Iturnthejarupsidedown.

upsidedown意思是向下翻转过来如Thatpictureisupsidedown.Youholdthebookupsidedown.

rightsideup意思是正面朝上.

3.1thinkthefloorwillgetwet.

get作系动词,意思是变得，后跟形容词作表语.如Thedaygetslongerinspring.

与get相关的词组有：

getalong\on(well)with…与...(和睦)相处.如Iamgettingalong\onwellwithmyclassmates.

getawayfrom...意思是逃跑.如Thethiefgotawayfromthepolice.

getback意思是返回;要回或拿回.如Afteralongholiday,hehadtogetbacktowork.Pleasegetthebookbackfor

me.

getinlo…意思是上车汝口Hegotintothecar.

getoff...意思是下车;从…下来.如Hegotoffthetrain.

getup意思是起床;起身;站起.如Hesuddenlygotupfromthechair.Iusuallygetupatsixinthemorning.

gettogether意思是集合;团聚.如Wewillgettogetherattheschoolgateandgotothepark.

getthrough意思是用电话联系上…如Ioftengetthroughtomyfriends.

getto...意思是至达…如WewillgettoBeijingtomorrow.Hewillgethomebyfouro'clockthisafternoon.

4.I'msurethefloorwon'tgetwet.

sb.besure+that从句,意思是认为…一定….否定形式是sb.besure+疑问词引导的从句.如Tomissurethathewill

winthegame.Tomisnotsurewhetherhecanwinthegame.Fmnotsurewhenhe'Hcomehere.

5.Wecanprovewho'sright.

prove是及物动词,意思是证明，证实.常用于以下结构:provesth.(tosb.);prove(tosb.)that...;prove...(tobe)+adj\n.如

Thefacthasprovedtheman'shonestytousall.=Thefacthasprovedtousallthatthemanishonest.=Thefacthasproved

theman(tobe)honest.

prove也可以作不及物动词，意思是证明'表明(自己)是…,后跟形容词或名词.如Mytheorywillproverightsome

day.Duringthetrip,heprovedamanwithastrongwill.

6.We'lldotheexperimentandobservewhatwillhappen.

observe是动词，意思是观察.observesb.do\doingsth.如Iobservedherdance.WhenIpassedbythegrass,!observed

himwalking.

Iesson26

1.1willasktheclasstomakeobservationsandguesswhatwillhappen.

makeobservations意思是观察.如Whiledoingexperiments,youmustmakecarefulobservations.

这个短语还有做观察报告，评述，评论的意思.如Ourgeographyteacherhasjustmadesomeinterestingobservations

onAfrica.

observation也可以用作不可数名词.如Sheisinhospitalunderobservation.

Iesson27

1.Next,Brianwilltakehishandoffthecardboard.

takesth.offsth.意思是使某物离开或脱离…如Wouldyoumindtakingyourfootoffmyhand?

takeoff意思是起飞;脱下;匆忙离去.如Theplanetookoffat7a.m.Takeoffyourshoes,please.

Hetookoffforthestationinahurry.

2.Theforceisstrongenoughtoholdthewater.

adj\adv+enoughtodosth.意思是足够...以至于能做某事.如Theboyisoldenoughtogotoschool.=Theboyisso

oldthathecangotoschool.=Heissuchanoldboythathecangotoschool.

enough作副词，要放在被修饰的形容词和副词之后;作形容词,通常放在被修饰的名词之前.如Thishallislarge

enoughtoholdtwothousandpeople.Hewalksfastenoughtobehereintime.Hedoesn'thaveenoughmoneytogofor

traveling.I'msoory,butIhaven'tenoughtimetodothejob.

3.AirisstrongerthanIthought!

than可作连词或介词,用于引入比较级的后半部分，表示比…;如Sheisabetterplayerthanshewaslastyear.Heis

tallerthanme.HegetsupearlierthanI(do).

ratherthan意思是宁愿不愿与其...不如...如Iwouldratherstayathomethangoout.

4.Puteightspoonfulsofcornstarchintothebowl.

spoonful是可数名词，意思是一勺的量.如aspoonfulofsugar.类似的还有twocupfulsofmilk;afewmouthfuls

oftea;ahandfulofflowers.

Iesson28

1.Thattastessogreat.

taste作系动词，后接形容词作表语，意思是尝起来…如Themeattastesgood.Ittastesbetterthanlooks.

2.AndIwilleatuntilmyplateisempty.

延续性动词…表示一直...直到・・.为止.如You'dbetterwaituntilhecomesback.IwillwatchTVuntilmy

fathercomesback.我一直看电视直到我爸爸回来为止.

瞬间性动词'延续性动词+not+until\till…表示直至k.才…如Iwon'twatchTVuntilmyfathercomesback.我直到爸

爸回来才看电电视.Ididn'tgotobeduntilmyfathercameback.我直到爸爸回来才睡觉.Hedidn'tgooutuntilhe

finishedhishomework.他直到完成作业才出去.

另,untiNill作连词时，引导时间状语从句，当主句是一般将来时时,从句要用一般现在时来代替.如Ishallwaithere

untilhearrives.Iwillwaituntilhereturns.

Iesson29

1.Dannyisatthepark.

atthepark=inthepark

2.Debbiewillhavefunlookingforthem.

havefun相当于enjoyoneself意思是玩得高兴，过得愉快.如Wehadlotsoffunonthesportsgroundtoday.=We

enjoyedourselvesverymuchonthesportsgroundtoday.

havefundoingsth.表示做某事有乐趣.

Itis（not）funtodo\doingsth.二Thereismuch\nofunindoingsth.意思是做…有（无）乐趣.如Itisfuntocookameal

myself.=There*smuchfunincookingamealmyself.Thereisnotmuchfuningoingtoapartyalone.=Ifsnotfuntogoto

apartyalong.

3.1can'tmakeeggs.

makeeggs意思是产卵，下蛋.还可以说成layeggs.

4.Canyoufindthem?

辨析:find,lookfor,findout,huntfor

find强调找的结果，意思是找到.如Hefoundhislostpen.

lookfor强调动作的过程，意思是寻找.如Heislookingforhislostpen.

findout强调（经过一番努力之后）找到…;查明....Atlast,theyfoundoutwhostolethebike.

huntforsb.\sth.意思是寻找某人或某物.与lookfor同义.如Thepolicearehuntingforthethief.

5.Nowmybasketisfullofeggs.

befullof..•意思是充满...=befilledwith...如Thebusisfullofpeople.=Thebusisfilledwithpeople.

Iesson30

l.Fillthedishhalffullofwater.

half是副词，意思是部分地,一半地,差不多.如Thebottleisonlyhalffull.

half也可作形容词，名词，意思是半个的，一半的，一半.如halfayear=ahalfyear;halfanhour=ahalfhour;Halfofthem

arealreadyhere.Twohalvesmakeawhole.

2.Tomakeacandleburn,you”light"it.

make\let\havesthAsb.dosth.意思是使某物或某人做某事.如Letthecandlebumfortwoorthreeminutes.

3.Asthecandlebums,itusesupoxygenintheair.

l)as作连词的各种用法

as...as...结构中第二个as是连词，它往往连接一个不完整的句子，表示比较,意思是和…一样…;像..一样.…如John

isashealthyashissister.

表示方式,意思是像，按照，如同.如RunasIdo.Leaveitasitis.

表示时间,意思是当…的时候,一边…一边…，随着汝口Shesangassheworked.Isawhimashewasgettingoffthe

bus.Youwillgrowwiserasyougrowolder.

表示原因,意思是因为.如Asyouaretired,youbadbetterrest.

表示让步,意思是虽然尽管.如Richasheis,heisnothappy.MuchasIlikeit,Iwillnotbuyit.

2)usesth.up意思是用尽利用如Sheusedupthechickenbonestomakesoup.Whenthecandlestopsburning,it

hasusedupalltheoxygenintheair.

4.Thereisaboutone-fifthoxygenintheair,sothewaterrisesandfillsaboutone-fifthofthejar.分数的表达形式:分子用

基数词，分母用序数词，分子大于1,分母加s.概括为口诀:分子基，分母序,分子＞1,分母加s.如l/2=one/ahalf=one

second=one-second;1/3=onethird=one-third;2/3=twothirds=two-thirds;

l/4=one/aquarter=one-quarter;3/4=threequarters=three-quarters;3/5=threefifths二three■仔fths;

5.Thecandleholderis"holding"thecandle.

hold为动词，意思是拿，抓，握，抱，保持溶纳.如ShallIholdyourbag?Heheldabookinhishand.

Heheldhisheadup.Idon'tthinkthecarwillholdyouall.

Iesson31

l.Doyouwanttosurpriseyourfriends?

surprise是动词，意思是使惊奇，使感到意外.如Itsurprisedmetoseesomanypeoplehere.

它还可以作名词,意思是惊奇，惊讶，诧异，意外之事.常用的有两个短语:toone^surprise;insurprise汝口Tomy

surprisetheplansucceeded.ShelookedupinsurprisewhenIentered.

surprise对应的形容词有两个:surprised和surprising.

surprised意思是感到惊奇的.如Wearesurprisedatthenews.Areyousurprised,class?Weweresurprisedtolearn

thathewasFrench.

surprising意思是使人惊讶的，出人意料的，惊人的.如Weknewthesurprisingfact.Wearesurprisedat