中考英语二轮复习讲练测-专题06 句子成分句子种类 基本句型（讲练）（含答案与解析）

专题06句子成分，句子中类，基本句型句子成分英语句子结构和成分是中学英语教学的重要内容，是理解文章的基础，广泛运用于阅读理解，完形填空，语法填空和写作中。主语：动作发出者，常位于句首。主语：动作发出者，常位于句首。IheardmysisterLisasinginginthemorning.谓语：动作（有时态、语态、单复数之分）IheardmysisterLisasinginginthemorning.宾语：动作承受者，位于及物动词或介词后。IheardmysisterLisasinginginthemorning.宾语补足语：补充说明宾语情况。IheardmysisterLisasinginginthemorning.表语（主语补足语）:补充说明主语情况，位于系动词之后。Lisawashappy.基本成分基本成分句子成分句子成分状语:相当于副词，说明动作发生的时间、地点、原因等。IheardmysisterLisasinging状语:相当于副词，说明动作发生的时间、地点、原因等。IheardmysisterLisasinginginthemorning.定语:相当于形容词，修饰名词和代词。IheardmysisterLisasinginginthemorning.同位语:两者指的是同一人/物。IheardmysisterLisasinginginthemorning.修饰成分修饰成分知识梳理英语句子由多个部分构成，各部分在句子中起着不同的作用，这些构成句子的不同部分被称为句子成分。正确分析句子成分是英语成绩得高分的至关要素。主要句子成分：主语(subject)---s；谓语(predicate)---v次要句子成分：宾语(object)---o；定语(attribute)---attr；状语(adverbial)---adv；补语(complement)-c;表语(predicative)---p；同位语(Appositive)等。主语概念和位置：句子要说明的人或事物，是句子的主体，通常位于句首。充当：通常由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等充当。语序：正常：主语+谓语;全部倒装：谓语+主语;部分倒装：情态动词/助动词+主语+实义动词。Davidarrivedlastnight.（名词作主语）That'sOK.（代词）Twowillbeenough.（数词）Todomorningexercisesisgoodforourhealth.（不定式）Seeingisbelieving.（动名词）Theblindandthelamearewellcaredforinourcountry.（名词化的形容词）Whathesaidisnottrue.（主语从句）谓语概念和位置：表示主语的动作或状态、谓语由动词充当，由简单谓语动词和复合谓语动词之分。一般位于主语之后。充当：一般由动词短语、系动词、动词、“情态动词/助动词+实义动词”结构等充当，谓语有时态与语态的变化，同时受到句子主语的单复数和人称的制约，如果主语是单数形式，谓语动词要用单数第三人称形式。(1)由单一动词V.做谓语WeareChinese.(2)情态V+V原HecanspeakEnglishwell.(3)助V+VIhaveseenthismanbefore.宾语概念：表示及物动词和及物动词短语的动作对象或内容，或用于介词后构成介词短语；有的动词后可以跟两个宾语，其中表示人的宾语称为间接宾语，把表示物的宾语称为直接宾语。位置:位于及物动词或介词之后。充当：通常由名词、数词、代词、动词不定式、动名词或从句等充当。名词或相当于名词的短语Iacceptedyourwiseadvice.2.代词或相当于代词的短语Allofuslikehim.3.数词或数词短语Givemefour.4.the+形容词表示一类人Theyteachtheblindtoread.5.不定式或不定式短语HebegantolearnEnglishayearago./Hedidnotknowwhattosay.6.动名词或动名词短语Heisusedtoworkingatnight./Thisbookisworthreading.7.从句Ithinkthatheisright./Iwonderifyou'dliketogowithus.表语概念:说明主语的性质、特征、状态或身份，与系动词一起构成复合谓语。位置：位于系动词之后。充当：通常由名词、代词、形容词、数词、副词、介词短语、动词不定式、动名词、分词或从句等充当。1.形容词Ifeelmuchbettertoday.2.代词Thebookismine.3.名词或名词所有格Theyaremystudents.4.数词Histelephonenumberis88888888.5.副词Theyareoverthere.6.介词短语Theyareintrouble.7.不定式短语Mydreamistogotocollege.8.动词ing短语Hishobbyiscollectingstamps.9.过去分词短语Mycameraisbroken.10.从句Thetruthiswhathesaidjustnow.定语概念：修饰或限定名词或代词的成分叫定语；位置:定语有前置定语和后置定语。形容词、数词、代词、名词等作定语时一般放于被修饰词之前，但是在修饰any-，some-，no，every-等构成的单词，如something等时，应放于这些复合不定代词之后进行修饰。动词不定式、副词、介词短语、从句等作定语时一般放于被修饰词之后。充当：定语通常由形容词、形容词性物主代词、名词或名词所有格、副词、介词短语、动词不定式、动名词、分词或从句充当。1.形容词或相同于形容词的结构Heisakind-heartedman./Heisa15-year-oldstudent.2.冠词或代词ThisbookisMine./TheboywasTom./Myfatherwaswashinghiscar.3.名词或名词所有格Heboughtacoffeecupyesterday./HeisTom'sfather.4.数词Threeboysarerunningalongthebank./Youarethefirstonehere.5.副词Theboythereneedsapen./Heisonhiswayhome.6.介词短语Doyouknowtheboyinthefirstrow?/Thegirlinadressishissister.7.不定式短语Ihavealotofworktodo./Theboytowritethisletterneedsapen.8.动词ing短语Letmetellyouamovingstory./Horsesaregrass-eatinganimals./Thesmilingboyneedsapen.9.过去分词短语Theboyneedsapenboughtbyhismother./Inthefallwecanseealotoffallenleaves.10.从句Themeetingthatyouhavemissedyesterdaywasveryimportant.状语概念：修饰动词、形容词、副词或全句，可表示时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、方式、比较、伴随、条件、程度、让步等。状语位置灵活。位置:修饰整个句子时放于句首;修饰形容词或副词时放于其后;表时间、目的、地点状语时常放于主句之前或之后，若强调时则应放于主句之前;频度副词如almost、often等作状语常放于be动词、情态动词之后，放于实义动词之前。充当：通常由副词、介词短语、动词不定式、分词、形容词和从句等充当。1.副词或副词短语作状语HespeaksEnglishverywell.2.介词短语作状语Theboywaspraisedforhisbravery.3.动词不定式短语Theboxistooheavyformetolift.4.动词ing短语Wearingapairofsunglasses,hewentout.5.过去分词短语Writteninahurry，thearticlewasnotsogood.6.从句作状语IfIamnotbusytomorrow,Iwillplayfootballwithyou.补语概念和位置：有些及物动词的宾语后需要添加部分内容对宾语进行补充说明，补语有两种，分别是主语补足语、宾语补足语，用来对主语或宾语进行补充说明。充当：常由形容词、名词、不定式、分词、副词等充当。高考英语试题主要考查非谓语动词作补足语的语法。Caobelievesthiswillmakethehikingtripevenmoremeaningful.（形容词做宾补）WesincerelywishyouaquickrecoveryandanearlyreturntoChina.（名词短语作宾补）LijiangwillmaketheChineseculturebetterknowntoBritishstudents.（过去分词短语作宾补）同位语概念和位置：对句子中某一名词（词组）做进一步解释、说明，与前面的名词在语法上处于同等地位的句子成分叫做同位语。充当：同位语可用名词、代词、名词短语、同位语从句等充当。1.ThisexhibitionofsomesixtymasterpiecescelebratingthelifeandworkofScotland'sbestlovedpainter,SirHenryRaeburn,comestoLondon.(名词)Myfriend,Mary,boughtabeautifuldressinthedepartmentlastweekend.↓↓↓↓↓↓↓主语同位语谓语定语宾语地点状语时间状语句子成分1.SometimeswhenImissher,IsearchforthesongssheusedtoplayontheInternet.A.定语 B.状语 C.宾语 D.主语2.Hewillbeknownforhisachievementsandrealizehisdreamsomeday.A.宾语 B.谓语 C.定语 D.主语3.Thebeefnoodlesinthisrestauranttastedelicious.A.表语 B.谓语 C.状语 D.主语4.CindyplanstowatchDaysofOurPasttonight.A.表语 B.定语 C.宾语 D.谓语5.Igotothemoviesonceamonth.A.主语 B.谓语 C.宾语 D.状语6.Thereisalittlemilkinthecup.A.表语 B.定语 C.主语 D.宾语7.SunCinemaisthebestbecauseyoucansitthemostcomfortably.A.状语 B.宾语 C.定语 D.谓语8.WhichofthefollowingsentenceshasanObjectComplement（OC）?A.Earthhaslost50%ofwildlifeinthepast40years. B.Animalsfeelpainlikehumans.C.Wefeelwildlifethebeautyofnature. D.Wecanstandupforwildlife.9.Ireallyenjoyedwalkingaroundthetown.A.谓语 B.表语 C.状语 D.宾语10.Theteachersaidthathewouldgothereontime.A.宾语 B.主语 C.表语 D.谓语11.Eatingtoomuchisbadforyourhealth.A.表语 B.主语 C.宾语 D.谓语12.Thesefactoriesshouldbeclosedbecauseoftheirseriouspollution.A.定语 B.状语 C.宾语 D.表语二、写出画线部分的句子成分1.Myfatherisanengineer.________2.Hefeelsgood.________3.Shemissedtheschoolbusbecauseshegotuplate.________4.IhavebeentoBeijing.________5.Passengersinthestationareinamess.________6.Thevasewasknockedoffthedeskbroken.________7.Shoppingonlineisusuallycheaper.________8.Wouldyoumindopeningthewindow?________9.Sheisonadiet.________10.Hedidn'thelptheboy.________基本句型简单句的基本句型在近年来中考英语中没有直接考查，而且安徽中考英语中从没有叫学生分析句子结构的考核。但是词义辨析、非谓语动词的习惯用法、主谓一致等等都会涉及到句子结构，复合句的理解更是以简单句为基础，书面表达也需要学生能掌握简单句的基本结构，从而写出正确的句子。英语句子的基本结构可以归纳成五种基本句型及其扩大、组合、省略或倒装。掌握这五种基本句型，是掌握各种英语句子结构的基础。英语五种基本句型列式如下：基本句型一：Ｓ+Ｖ（主＋谓）基本句型二：Ｓ+link-Ｖ+Ｐ（主＋系＋表）基本句型三：Ｓ+Ｖ+Ｏ（主＋谓＋宾）基本句型四：Ｓ+Ｖ+IO+Ｏ（主＋谓＋间宾＋直宾）基本句型五：Ｓ+Ｖ+Ｏ+Ｃ（主＋谓＋宾＋宾补）基本句型一：Ｓ+Ｖ（主＋谓）此句型的句子有一个共同特点，即句子的谓语动词都能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做不及物动词，后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。例如：1.Timeflies.2.Everybodylaughed.3.Iwokeverysoon.4.Theytalkedforhalfanhour.5.Hewalkedyesterday.基本句型二：Ｓ+link-Ｖ+Ｐ（主＋系＋表）此句型句子谓语动词不能独立表达完整的意思，必须加上一个表明主语身份或状态的表语构成复合谓语，才能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做连系动词。系动词分两类：(1)表示状态的连系动词。这些词有：be,look,seem,appear,smell,taste,sound,keep,remain,等等。(2)表示转变或结果的系动词。这些词有：become,get,grow,turn,go,come,prove等。1.ThisisanEnglishdictionary.2.Thedinnersmellsgood.3.Everythinglooksdifferent.4.Heistallandstrong.5.Theweatherbecamewarmer.基本句型三：Ｓ+Ｖ+Ｏ（主＋谓＋宾）此句型句子的共同特点是：谓语动词都具有实义，都是主语产生的动作，但不能表达完整的意思，必须跟有一个宾语，即动作的承受者，才能使意思完整。这类动词叫做及物动词。1.Whoknowstheanswer?2.Shelaughather.3.Dannylikesdonuts.基本句型四：Ｓ+Ｖ+IO+Ｏ（主＋谓＋间宾＋直宾）此句型的句子有一个共同特点：谓语动词必须跟有两个宾语才能表达完整的意思。这两个宾语一个是动作的直接承受者，另一个是动作的间接承受者。通常这一间接承受者用一个介词来连接，当动作的间接承受者在动作的直接承受者之前时，这一介词往往被省略。1.Shepassedhimanewdress. 2.Hebroughtyouadictionary. 3.Heboughthernothing. 4.Igavehimahand. 5.Itoldmehowtorunthemachine. 基本句型五：Ｓ+Ｖ+Ｏ+Ｃ（主＋谓＋宾＋宾补）此句型的句子的共同特点是：动词虽然是及物动词，但是只跟一个宾语还不能表达完整的意思，必须加上个补充成分来补足宾语，才能使意思完整。1.Wekeepthetableclean. 2.Theycallsupperdinner. 3.Whatmakeshimsad? 4.Wesawhimout. 5.Heaskedmetocomebacksoon. 6.Isawthemgettingonthebus. 基本句型练习题1.—Mary,couldyoutellmethestructureofthesentence“Thegoodnewsmademehappy.”?—OK.It’s________.A.S+V+P B.S+V+DO+IO C.S+V+DO D.S+V+DO+OC2.Whichofthefollowingsentencehasthesamestructureas“Itisgettingdark.”?A.Heboughtmeagift. B.Thefishtastesgood.C.Theboysareplayingbasketball. D.Mymombuysmeabasketball.3.Whichofthefollowingsentencesfollowsthestructureof“S+V+IO+DO”?A.Autumnleavesturnbrown. B.Sandy’smumboughtheranewhat.C.Ifoundhimveryinteresting. D.Tommydoessomereadingeveryday.4.Whichofthefollowinghasthesamesentencestructureas“Snowmakeschildrenfeelexcited.”?A.Thegroundbecomeswhite.B.Childrenmakeasnowmantogether.C.Snowbringschildrenlotsoffun.D.Youcanseechildrenplayhappily.5.—What’sthestructureofthesentence“Heisflyingakitenow.”?—Itis________.A.S+V B.S+V+P C.S+V+O D.S+V+DO+OC6.Whatisthesentencestructureof“Youcanfindtheanswertothequestioneasily.”?A.S+V+P. B.S+V+DO+OC. C.S+V+IO+DO. D.S+V+O.7.Whatisthesentencestructureof“Iofferedmyclassmatessomepinkpencils”?A.S+V B.S+V+O C.S+V+IO+DO D.S+V+P8.Thesentencestructure(结构)of“EddieiswatchingHobowork.”is________.A.S+V+DO B.S+V+P C.S+V+DO+OC D.S+V+IO+DO9.Thesentencestructureof“Mygrandpaalwayswalkshisdoginthemorning.”is________.A.S+V B.S+V+O C.S+V+DO+IO D.S+V+DO+OC10.Thesentencestructureof“Ourteachersalwaysmaketheirclasseslively.”is_______.A.S+V+O B.S+V+DO+OC C.S+V+IO+DO D.S+V+P11.Thestructureofthesentence“Thestorysoundsveryinteresting.”is________.A.S+V+P B.S+V+O C.S+V+IO+DO D.S+V+DO+OC12.Whatisthesentencepatternofthesentence“Hisfatherboughthimane-dictionary.”?A.S+V+O B.S+V+IO+DO C.S+V D.S+V+O+OC13.—What’sthestructureofthesentence“Itwassnowingheavilyatthistimeyesterday”?—Itis________.A.S+V B.S+V+P C.S+V+IO+DO D.S+V+IO+OC二、连词成句1.pocketmoney,cost,thelatesthelicoptermodel,thelittleboy,alotof.2.sure,landed,thehills,I’m,near,something,intheforest

(连词成句).3.Australia,Canberra,the,capital,of,is,city.4.make,to,easily,don’t,others,promises(.).5.oneof,the,traditional,it,festivals,in,is,China.6.is，family，on，my，the，desk，photo

.7.swimming;I;playingbasketball;and;amgoodat.8.a,hasbooked,triptoHangzhou,Betty,ontheInternet,two-day.9.are,here,many,every,tourists,summer,there .10.football,often,school,his,with,after,classmates,plays,Ben.11.carefully,inthestreet,KittyandBen,walked.12.ananimal,theOlympicmascot,often,a,national,is,feature,with.13.language;body;her;is;welcome;feel;making;people;they;so;for;go;to;her;help;(,).14.thestaffs,thesecretary,themeetings,always,toattend,ontime,reminds

.15.thefirst,anabacus,oneof,calculatingmachines,was.三、根据括号内的句子成分提示，将下列句子翻译成英文。1.我昨天收到了一份礼物。(S+V+O+A)2.我父亲将会给我买一台新手机。(S+V+IO+DO) 3.他成为了一名科学家。 (S+V+C)4.这条消息让她开心了。 (S+V+O+C)5.凯特给他送去许多书。 (S+V+DO+IO)6.我不知道该做什么？（S+V+O）句子种类句子类型分为4种：在中考题型中，感叹句和疑问句考得最多。特别疑问句，疑问词的用法是最重要的考题之一。1.(2023·广州)他们还赢得了广东省飞镖比赛冠军。多么棒的项目啊！TheywontheChampionshipofGuangdongDartsMatch,too.________________________projectitis!【答案】Whatawonderful【解析】根据题干可知此处是一个感叹句。中心词为可数名词project“项目”，符合结构：What+a/an+形容词+主语+谓语。project是以辅音音素开头，应用a；wonderful“极好的”。故填Whatawonderful。2.(2023·江苏南通).________itwastoseethemainsightsoftheworldintheWorldPark!AHowamazingday B.HowanamazingdayC.Whatamazingday D.Whatanamazingday【答案】D【解析】句意：在世界公园里看到世界的主要景点是多么美妙的一天啊！考查感叹句。句子是感叹句，中心词是可数名词单数day，用感叹句结构：Whata/anadj.n.+主谓。故选D。3.(2023·江苏宿迁).—Chinawonallthegoldmedalsatthe2023WorldTableTennisChampionships.—______excitingnews!A.Whata B.Howa C.How D.What【答案】D【解析】句意：——中国包揽了2023年世乒赛的所有金牌。——多么令人兴奋的消息啊！考查感叹句，感叹句的中心词news是不可数名词，此处用“What+形容词+不可数名词”结构。故选D。4.(2023·江苏徐州)4Pleasemoveyourcaraway,sir.Thisis“________”area.A.Nosmoking B.Noparking C.Noswimming D.Nolittering【答案】B【解析】句意：先生，请把您的车开走。这里是“禁止停车”区域。考查情景交际。祈使句表示请求、命令。Nosmoking禁止吸烟；Noparking禁止停车；Noswimming禁止游泳；Nolittering禁止乱扔垃圾。根据“Pleasemoveyourcaraway”可知，要把车开走，所以是禁止停车，故选B。5.(2023·甘肃)________tryinganddoyourbest.A.Keep B.Keeping C.Tokeep D.Kept【答案】A【解析】句意：继续努力，尽你最大的努力。考查祈使句。根据“anddoyourbest”可知句子是祈使句，以动词原形开头。故选A。6.(2023·连云港)—________haveyoubeenamemberoftheYouthLeague?—Forthreeyears.A.Howlong B.Howmany C.Howoften D.Howfar【答案】A【解析】句意：——你成为共青团员有多长时间了？——三年了。考查特殊疑问句。Howlong多久，多长；Howmany多少；Howoften多久一次；Howfar多远。根据答句“Forthreeyears.”可知询问时长应用howlong来提问。故选A。7.(2023·江苏南通).—Excuseme,________istheGengsuTheatrefromthishotel?—It’sabouttenminutesifyoutakeataxi.A.howfar B.howlong C.howsoon D.howmuch【答案】A【解析】句意：——对不起，庚戌剧院离这家旅馆有多远？——如果你坐出租车大约需要十分钟。考查特殊疑问句。howfar多远；howlong多长时间；howsoon多久之后；howmuch多少钱。根据“It’sabouttenminutesifyoutakeataxi.”可知此处询问距离，疑问词用howfar。故选A。8.(2023·甘肃)—________doyoulearnthesewordsbyheart?—Byusingthemindifferentways.A.When B.How C.Why D.Where【答案】B【解析】句意：——你是怎么把这些单词背下来的？——通过以不同的方式使用它们。考查特殊疑问句。when什么时候；how如何；why为什么；where哪里。根据“Byusingthem...”可知此处询问方式，疑问词用how。故选B。句子种类用法示例1.陈述句用来陈述事实或表达说话者看法的句子。句末用句号。有肯定句和否定句两种形式。Thisisabeautifulgarden.这是一座漂亮的花园。Wedidn’tgotoschoolyesterday.我们昨天没上学。2.疑问句用来提问的句子。句末用问号。有一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句和反意疑问句四种，初中阶段要求掌握前三种。（1）一般疑问句用yes或no回答的问句。Areyouastudent?你是学生吗？Doyoulikesinging?你喜欢唱歌吗？（2）特殊疑问句需要使用相应的疑问词来提问。常见的疑问词：what什么，whattime几点，when何时，where何地，why为什么，which哪个，who谁，whom（宾格）谁，whose谁的，how如何，howold多大年纪，howmuch多少，howmany多少，howoften多久一次，howfar多远，howlong多久，howsoon多久以后WhoisyourEnglishteacher?你们的英语老师是谁？Howmanypeoplearethereinyourfamily?你家里有几口人？Whichbikeisyours?哪辆单车是你的？Howdidyougetthere?你怎么到那儿的？Whosebookisonthefloor?谁的书在地板上？HowlonghaveyoustudiedEnglish?你学英语多久了？（3）选择疑问句选择部分由连词or连接。Whatwouldyoulike,teaorcoffee?你想喝什么，茶还是咖啡？Areyougoingtothecinemaorthelibrary?你是去电影院还是图书馆？3.祈使句表示请求、命令、要求、建议等的句子。通常不用主语，谓语动词用原形，句末用感叹号或句号。否定形式：Don’t/Never+动词原形+其他。为了使语气显得客气，可在句首或者句尾加上please。please在句尾时，前面一般要加一个逗号。Listentomecarefully.仔细听我讲。Bequiet!安静！Don’ttalkloudinthelibrary.别在图书馆里大声喧哗。Neverswimintheriver.不要在河里游泳。Pleasecomethisway.请这边走。Sitdown,please.请坐。4.感叹句表示惊喜、愤怒、赞赏等感情的句子。多用what和how引导，句末用感叹号。（1）what引导的感叹句（中心词是名词）·What+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数(+主语+谓语)！·What+形容词+可数名词复数(+主语+谓语)！·What+形容词+不可数名词(+主语+谓语)！Whatalovelygirlsheis!她是个多可爱的女孩啊！Whataninterestingbookitis!这是一本多么有趣的书啊！Whatbeautifulflowerstheyare!这些花多么漂亮呀！Whatniceweatherwehavetoday!今天天气真好！（2）how引导的感叹句（中心词是形容词或副词）·How+形容词(+主语+谓语)！·How+副词(+主语+谓语)！Howdirtyyourhandsare!你的手太脏啦！Howfasttheboyisrunning!那个男孩跑得真快！一、选择填空1.Mike________abasketballbuthe________abaseball.A.has;nothave B.has;doesn’thave C.has;doesn’thas D.has;isn’thave2.—________isthesportswatch?—Theredoneontheshelf?Oh,it’s10dollars.A.Whatcolor B.Where C.Howmuch D.What3.—______doesyourschoolhaveatripthisterm?—OnJanuary21.A.What B.Why C.Who D.When4.—_________homeworkdoeshedoeveryday?—Abouthalfanhourofhomeworkoneachsubject.A.Howlong B.Howoften C.Howmuch D.Howsoon5.—________isthebagofrice?—It’sfivekilos.A.Howmany B.Howmuch C.Howheavy D.Howlong6.—________istheletterfrom?—It’sfromEngland.A.Who B.Where C.What D.When7.—________arethebooks?

—Theyare59yuan.A.Whatnumber B.Whatcolor C.Howold D.Howmuch8.—________—It’sTuesdaythefirst.A.Whatdayisittoday？ B.What’sthedatetoday?C.What’stoday? D.When’stoday?9.—________willyourgrandmothercomebackfromthehospital?

—Inoneweek.A.Howlong B.Howsoon C.Howoften D.Howmuch10.E-mailisverypopulartoday.Peoplehardlysendletters,________?A.didthey B.dothey C.didn’tthey D.don’tthey11.—________honeydoweneedtomakefruitsalad?—Justaspoon.A.Howmany B.Howmuch C.Howlong D.Howfar12.—Doesyoursisterhaveafootball?

—________.Butshehasabaseball.A.Yes,shedoes B.Yes,sheis C.No,shedoesn’t D.No,sheisn’t13.________afraidofmakingmistakesandjusthaveatry.A.Don’tbeing B.Don’tbe C.Notbe14.—Don’tforgettotakeanumbrellawithyou.It’llrainthisafternoon.

—________.Iwilltaketheraincoatyouboughtmelastweek.A.No,Idon’t B.Yes,Ido C.No,Iwon’t D.Yes,Iwill15.________funwehadatthepartyyesterday!Thankyouforinvitingus.A.How B.Howa C.What D.Whata16.________helpfuladviceyougaveusonprotectingpersonalinformationtheotherday!A.What B.Whata C.Whatan D.How17._______excitingfootballgame!A.How B.Whata C.Whatan D.Howan18.ThousandsofpeoplecometovisitKunmingeveryyear.________beautifulcitymyhometownis!A.How B.Howa C.Whata D.What19.—________excitingthepartywas!—Yes.Itwas________excitingthatIwouldneverforgetit.A.Whatan;such B.How;suchan C.What;so D.How;so20.—______coldweatheritis!—Yes,itis.Ihopeitwillbewarmerlater.A.Whata B.What C.Howa D.How21.—________wonderfultheschoolartfestivalis!Ihopetoattenditnextyear.—Youcan.It’sourschooltradition.A.Howa B.What C.Whata D.How22.—________amazingMichaelJackson’smusicaltalentwas!—Exactly.HewastheKingofPop.A.How B.What C.Howan D.Whatan23.—WewentboatingonLuguLakeandenjoyedthebeautifulscenerylastvacation.—_______wonderfulmemoryitwas!A.What B.Whata C.How D.Howa24.Therobotcanhelpussweepthefloor.________usefulinventionitis!A.How B.Howa C.Whatan D.Whata25.________specialclasseswehad!Wehavelearnedalotaboutpapercutting.A.Whata B.Whatan C.What D.How26.—Charlie,IhaveneverbeentoHarbinIceandSnowWorld.—________,butIplantogotherethiswintervacation.A.SohaveI B.NeitherhaveI C.NordoI D.NeitherIhave27.—Taianisreallyacomfortablecitytolivein.—________.Andit’sworld-famousforMountTai.A.Soitdoes B.Soitis C.Soisit D.Sodoesit28.—Idon’tlikehorrorfilms.They’reterrible.Whataboutyou?—______.Theyseemtobefullofmysteries,butinfact,they’requitestupid.A.NeitherdoI B.EitherdoI C.SodoI D.Sodon’tI29.GinaandIaregoodfriends.Ifshedoesn’tagreeontheplan,________.A.sodoI B.neitherdoI C.sowillI D.neitherwillI30.(2023·甘肃)________tryinganddoyourbest.A.Keep B.Keeping C.Tokeep D.Kept31.(2023·辽宁一模)—_______lateforschoolagain,Tim!—Sorry,IpromisethatI_______.A.Don’t;won’t B.Don’tbe;won’tC.Don’tbe;don’t D.Don’t;will32.__________yourumbrella,oryou’llcatchacoldonsucharainyday.A.Take B.Totake C.TakingD.Taken33.Please.Theboyisstudying.A.notnoisyB.don’tnoisyC.nottobenoisyD.don’tbenoisy34.morebooks,andyouwillimproveyourreadingskills.

A.Reading B.ReadC.Reads D.Toread35.(2023·江苏南通).—Excuseme,________istheGengsuTheatrefromthishotel?—It’sabouttenminutesifyoutakeataxi.A.howfar B.howlong C.howsoon D.howmuch36.(2023·甘肃)—________doyoulearnthesewordsbyheart?—Byusingthemindifferentways.A.When B.How C.Why D.Where37.(2023·江苏无锡)________isyourhometown?Ican’tfinditanywhereonthemap.A.What B.Which C.When D.Where38.(2023·辽宁抚顺)—________haveyoubeenamemberofthefootballteam?—Fortwoyears.A.Howmuch B.Howoften C.Howmany D.Howlong39.(2023·吉林长春)—_______doyouvisityourgrandparents?—Onceaweek.IplaychesswiththemeverySundayevening.A.Howoften B.Howmuch C.Howlong D.Howfar40.TherewerefewnewwordsintheEnglishcompetitionforyourdaughter,________?A.werethere B.weren’tthere C.didn’tthey D.didthey41.He’sneverbeenlateforschool,________?A.hashe B.hasn’the C.ishe D.isn’the42.Everybodyknowstheanswer,________?A.doeshe B.doesn’tit C.dothey D.don’tthey43.HehardlywatchesTV,________?A.doeshe B.doesn’the C.dohe D.don’the44.Don’tforgettolockthedoor,_______?A.doyouB.don’tyouC.willyouD.won’tyou45.Let’sgoswimming,_______?A.willyouB.shallweC.won’tyouD.canwe46.—________doyoucelebratetheDoubleNinthFestival(重阳节)?—Weusuallyclimbhills,bringsomepresentsandvisittheoldpeople.A.How B.Why C.What D.When47.—Iwonder________youcanfinishthework.—Intwoweeks.A.howsoon B.howlong C.howoften D.howabout48.—Whatdoeshismotherlooklike?—________.A.She’sthin B.She’sadoctor C.She’sforty D.She’sshy49—________isittoday?

—It’sMonday.A.Whatday B.Whatabout C.Whattime D.Whatcolor50.(2023·江苏南通).________itwastoseethemainsightsoftheworldintheWorldPark!AHowamazingday B.HowanamazingdayC.Whatamazingday D.Whatanamazingday二、按要求完成句子1.Thenewlibrarywillbeopenuntil9:00p.m.(对划线部分提问)willthenewlibrarybeopen?2.Mrs.Whitecouldhardlybelieveitwastrue.(改为反意疑问句)Mrs.Whitecouldhardlybelieveitwastrue,?3.allow,clothes,to,instyle,students,mostschools,wear,don’t(连词成句).4.MyfathertakespartintheDragonBoatRaceonceayear.(对划线部分提问)fatherpartintheDragonBoatRace?5.Itisfuntogowindsurfingonwindydays.(改为感叹句）itistogowindsurfingonwindydays!6.They’veneverbeentothePalaceMuseum.(改为反义疑问句)They’veneverbeentothePalaceMuseum,?7.Theyplayvolleyballatschool.(改为否定句)Theyvolleyballatschool.8.Shesometimeswalkstoschool.（对划线部分进行提问）shewalktoschool?9.Helikeshistorybecauseitisveryinteresting.(就划线部分提问)doeshehistory?10.Theywillfinishbuildingthenewbridgeinthreemonths.（对划线部分提问）willtheyfinishbuildingthenewbridge?

专题06句子成分，句子中类，基本句型句子成分英语句子结构和成分是中学英语教学的重要内容，是理解文章的基础，广泛运用于阅读理解，完形填空，语法填空和写作中。主语：动作发出者，常位于句首。主语：动作发出者，常位于句首。IheardmysisterLisasinginginthemorning.谓语：动作（有时态、语态、单复数之分）IheardmysisterLisasinginginthemorning.宾语：动作承受者，位于及物动词或介词后。IheardmysisterLisasinginginthemorning.宾语补足语：补充说明宾语情况。IheardmysisterLisasinginginthemorning.表语（主语补足语）:补充说明主语情况，位于系动词之后。Lisawashappy.基本成分基本成分句子成分句子成分状语:相当于副词，说明动作发生的时间、地点、原因等。IheardmysisterLisasinging状语:相当于副词，说明动作发生的时间、地点、原因等。IheardmysisterLisasinginginthemorning.定语:相当于形容词，修饰名词和代词。IheardmysisterLisasinginginthemorning.同位语:两者指的是同一人/物。IheardmysisterLisasinginginthemorning.修饰成分修饰成分知识梳理英语句子由多个部分构成，各部分在句子中起着不同的作用，这些构成句子的不同部分被称为句子成分。正确分析句子成分是英语成绩得高分的至关要素。主要句子成分：主语(subject)---s；谓语(predicate)---v次要句子成分：宾语(object)---o；定语(attribute)---attr；状语(adverbial)---adv；补语(complement)-c;表语(predicative)---p；同位语(Appositive)等。主语概念和位置：句子要说明的人或事物，是句子的主体，通常位于句首。充当：通常由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等充当。语序：正常：主语+谓语;全部倒装：谓语+主语;部分倒装：情态动词/助动词+主语+实义动词。Davidarrivedlastnight.（名词作主语）That'sOK.（代词）Twowillbeenough.（数词）Todomorningexercisesisgoodforourhealth.（不定式）Seeingisbelieving.（动名词）Theblindandthelamearewellcaredforinourcountry.（名词化的形容词）Whathesaidisnottrue.（主语从句）谓语概念和位置：表示主语的动作或状态、谓语由动词充当，由简单谓语动词和复合谓语动词之分。一般位于主语之后。充当：一般由动词短语、系动词、动词、“情态动词/助动词+实义动词”结构等充当，谓语有时态与语态的变化，同时受到句子主语的单复数和人称的制约，如果主语是单数形式，谓语动词要用单数第三人称形式。(1)由单一动词V.做谓语WeareChinese.(2)情态V+V原HecanspeakEnglishwell.(3)助V+VIhaveseenthismanbefore.宾语概念：表示及物动词和及物动词短语的动作对象或内容，或用于介词后构成介词短语；有的动词后可以跟两个宾语，其中表示人的宾语称为间接宾语，把表示物的宾语称为直接宾语。位置:位于及物动词或介词之后。充当：通常由名词、数词、代词、动词不定式、动名词或从句等充当。名词或相当于名词的短语Iacceptedyourwiseadvice.2.代词或相当于代词的短语Allofuslikehim.3.数词或数词短语Givemefour.4.the+形容词表示一类人Theyteachtheblindtoread.5.不定式或不定式短语HebegantolearnEnglishayearago./Hedidnotknowwhattosay.6.动名词或动名词短语Heisusedtoworkingatnight./Thisbookisworthreading.7.从句Ithinkthatheisright./Iwonderifyou'dliketogowithus.表语概念:说明主语的性质、特征、状态或身份，与系动词一起构成复合谓语。位置：位于系动词之后。充当：通常由名词、代词、形容词、数词、副词、介词短语、动词不定式、动名词、分词或从句等充当。1.形容词Ifeelmuchbettertoday.2.代词Thebookismine.3.名词或名词所有格Theyaremystudents.4.数词Histelephonenumberis88888888.5.副词Theyareoverthere.6.介词短语Theyareintrouble.7.不定式短语Mydreamistogotocollege.8.动词ing短语Hishobbyiscollectingstamps.9.过去分词短语Mycameraisbroken.10.从句Thetruthiswhathesaidjustnow.定语概念：修饰或限定名词或代词的成分叫定语；位置:定语有前置定语和后置定语。形容词、数词、代词、名词等作定语时一般放于被修饰词之前，但是在修饰any-，some-，no，every-等构成的单词，如something等时，应放于这些复合不定代词之后进行修饰。动词不定式、副词、介词短语、从句等作定语时一般放于被修饰词之后。充当：定语通常由形容词、形容词性物主代词、名词或名词所有格、副词、介词短语、动词不定式、动名词、分词或从句充当。1.形容词或相同于形容词的结构Heisakind-heartedman./Heisa15-year-oldstudent.2.冠词或代词ThisbookisMine./TheboywasTom./Myfatherwaswashinghiscar.3.名词或名词所有格Heboughtacoffeecupyesterday./HeisTom'sfather.4.数词Threeboysarerunningalongthebank./Youarethefirstonehere.5.副词Theboythereneedsapen./Heisonhiswayhome.6.介词短语Doyouknowtheboyinthefirstrow?/Thegirlinadressishissister.7.不定式短语Ihavealotofworktodo./Theboytowrite