新编英语语法教程6-7 Determiners

Bill

pays

no

attention

to

the

fact

of../the

fact

that.What

will

the

policy

of

the

government

is

followingleadto?Whatwillthegovernment'spolicyisfollowing

lead

to?The

book

was

brought

at

the

John

Wiley's

bookshop.Wemust

read

a

T.Johns's

article

for

our

next

seminar.This

Joe

Hill'sbook

isvery

amusing.The

Jane's

letter

got

lost

inthepost.That

Frank's

dog

has

torn

my

trousers.A

Jane

Austin's

novelA

ship's

carpenter1.Many

people

criticized

Dick's

decision

to

emigrate

toAustralia.:

2.The

Physics

Department's

expansion/The

expansionof

the

Physics

Department...3.Last

night

I

read

a

novel

of

Jane

Austin's.4.ThatlongreportofMr.Allen'shasbeen.5.Those

new

shoes

ofyours..6.I

have

read

the

article

of

the

student

who...7.I

am

interested

in

tragedies

of

Shakespeare's.8.Jimis

a

ship's

carpenter.9.The

punishment

of

the

offenders

has

becomenecessary.10.They

are

reviewing

the

past

decade's

events/theevents

of

the

past

decade.government

demanded

the

enemy's

unconditional12.Bill

paid

no

attention

to

other

people's

criticism

ofhim.

13.The

government

has

paid

great

attention

to

the

youngergeneration's

education/the

education

of

the

younger

generation.14.The

book

was

bought

at

John

Wiley's,thebookseller's.15.WemustreadanarticleofT.Johns'sforournextseminar.16.Whatwillthispolicy

of

thegovernment'slead

to?17.This

is

an

idiot's

tale.18.Thatdogof

Frank's..19.Thisbookof

Joe

Hill's...20.Jane'sletter...surrenaer

/

theunconditional

surrender

ofthe

enemy.AABDB

CCCDB

ACABC

DBDCD1.

Determinersmodifiers2.

Articles3.

CollocationsdeterminersDeterminerbetweenvs.Pre-What's

the

pattern

of

a

noun

phrase?(determiner+)(premodifier+)noun(+post-modifier)all

the

college

studentshisnew

book

on

phonologytheauthor's

new

novelthree

children'sbookenlighteninggoodusefuloldEnglishnewchildren's

ueterminervs.pre-modifierthesemanythemysomeJohn'sthreebooksA.Premodifiers(adjectives):showingthe

headnoun's

characteristics

andqualities.Determiners:showingthehead

noun's

quantity

and

referentialmeanings.nice

new

my

dressDeterminersshouldbeplacedbeforeanypremodifiyingadjectives.C.a/the/thesegood

mana

/the

/these

good

menFew/many/little/much

good

peopleDeterminers

sometimes

determines

the

numberforms

of

the

head

noun.

determinervs.premodifiermy

new

dressnice

new

dressB.nicemyadjectives

function

wordsD.premodifiers

determinerscontent

words◆DefinitionDeterminers:words

that

precede

anypremodifying

adjectives

in

anounphraseandwhichdenote

suchreferentialmeanings

asspecific

reference,generic

reference,definitequantity

or

indefinite

quantity.Quiz5C,Exercise6AExercise]Honesty/The

honestycat

and

dog/cats

andis

appreciated..raining

.a/an,the,zeroa

poetry/poem/poemstheIt'sdogspoetry/poem/poemsArticlesCollocationsbetweenarticlesandnounsa/an

+singularcountablenounthe

+uncountable/singular/plural0+uncountable/pluralArticles:genericvs.specificgeneric

referenceA

tiger

is

dangerous.STiger

is

dangerous.The

tiger

is

dangerous.STigers

are

dangerous.The

tigers

are

dangerous.Generic

reference

is

reference

to

a

whole

classof

something.Galileo

claimed

that

he

had

invented

thetelescope.Anox

is

a

useful

animal.Carrots

are

my

favorite

vegetables.Knowledge

is

power.Therichbecomericher,andthepoorpoorer.◆

A/an

+singularThe

+singular

(formal)∴

0

+plural≈

0

+uncountableThe

+Adj.Specificreferenceindividual

or

specified

members

of

a

classa/an,the,zeroWe

own

a

dog

and

a

cat.

The

dog

isbrown,andthe

cat

is

white.definite

and

indefiniteI

have

a

book.The

reference

is

limited

to

an

specified

object

of

acertain

class,but

not

identified.indefinite

specific

reference

(I.S.R)I

have

a

book.The

book

is

English

grammar

coursebook.The

reference

is

identified

and

known

to

the

speakerandhearer.definite

specific

reference

(D.S.R.)Q:Can

the

be

used

for

D.S.R?Compare:Ahouseon

the

corner

is

for

sale.Thehouse

on

the

corner

is

for

sale.Bob

lost

a

golden

watch

yesterday,and

Bill

was

wearing

a

golden

watch

thismorning.Bob

lost

a

golden

watch

yesterday,and

Bill

was

wearingthe

golden

watch

thismorning.A

tiger

escaped

from

the

zoo.The

tiger

escaped

from

the

zoo.Tigers

escaped

from

the

zoo.The

tigers

escaped

from

the

zoo.l.S.R.D.S.R.l.S.R.D.S.R.I.S.R

or

D.S.R?I.S.R

or

D.S.R?Thelifeof

theold

manwas

forfeited.Alifeisnotproperpayment

for

that.The

lives

lost

inthewar

were

wasted.Some

lives

were

saved.Lives

are

always

lost

inwar._peoplewhodrinkanddrive

shouldgoto

prison._

people

who

made

this

mess

shouldbe

ashamed

of

themselves.Threetypesof

D.S.Ranaphoricspecific

reference

eeccnneerreeffeerrcciiffiicceeppssalicnroosituaticataphThere

are

sometalltrees

before

the

house.left

by

my

grand-grand

father.Thereferenceismentionedintheprevious

context.anaphoricspecific

referenceIs

she

womanwetalkedaboutjustnow?The

reference

is

explained

in

the

followingcontext.cataphoric

specific

referenceA:Could

you

do

me

a

favor?B:Of

course.Whatis

it?A:Pleaseopen

window.thecommonknowledgesharedbythespeakerandthehearer.situationalspecificreferenceMore

on“the”YangziRiverislongestriver

inChina.Iam

going

toHeathrow

Airport.mostpeople

have

at

least

one

televisionin

United

States

of

America.see

more

on

p.76-78More

on"the’’go

to

hospital

vs.go

to

the

hospitalout

of

question

vs.out

of

the

questionin

front

of

vs.in

the

front

ofsee

more

onp.81-82Moreon

articlesteacher

as

Oscar

is,he

is

not

agrammarian.fool

as

Johnis,he

couldnothave

doneTheold

manwas

sitting

in

a

chair,pipein

mouth.Hesatatthetable,coat

off,headdown,and__pen

in

hand.such

a

thing.my

that

bookNo

such

a

recommendation

hasbeen

madeso

far.The

enemy's

every

movement

was

being

closely

watched.Collocations

between

determinersthe,students,allthestudents,all,threethestudents,all,other,threePredeterminersCentral

determinersPostdeterminersAllBothHalfDoubleTwice,three

times,etc.One-third,etc.WhatSuch

a(n)a(n),thethis,thesemy,yourJohn's

the

boy's,Some,any,each,either,enough,every,neither,no,some,what,which(ever),whose(ever)one,firstNext,last,few(fewer,the

fewest),little,many,much,another,other,several,suchPlenty

of,a

lot

of,agreat

number

/deal

of,a

large

amount

of,agreat

quantity

of,agood

manylot

of,these,one-a,enoughdeterminers:an,no,your,these,enoughboth,one-third,suchaseveral,a

lot

of,few,onean,no,several,your,both,athird,few,one,suchcentralpredeterminers:postdeterminers:PracticeA

John's

new

bookThree

children's

bookCentral

determiners

are

excluded

from

eachother,that

is,they

cannot

be

put

together.Collocationsbetween

determinersCollocationsbetween

determinersThe

book

was

brought

at

the

John

Wiley's

bookshop.WemustreadaT.Johns'sarticleforournextseminar.This

Joe

Hill's

book

is

very

amusing.The

Jane's

letter

got

lost

in

the

post.That

Frank's

dog

has

torn

my

trousers.A

Jane

Austin's

novelA

ship's

carpenterExercise

6CBDCAD

BDBDC

BBCAB

CDDCCSomeimportantdeterminerssome

/anya

matter

of

affirmation,negation

or

interrogationSome/any

students

can

answer

the

question.amatterof

“acertain”or“every”every/each1.every:oneof

atleastthree;groupeach:one

ofatleast

two;individual(Every/Each)side

ofthestreetiscrowed

withpeople.(Every/Each)student

studies

hard

in

thisclass.(Every/Each)studies

hard

in

thisclass.2.“each”canbeusedas

apronoun.3.e.g.

Everymanis

not

honest.Eachman

here

is

not

honest.many/much/a

lot

of1.many

+pluralmuch+uncountablea

lot

of

+plural/uncountable2.“many”and"much"can

be

used

alone

as

pronouns,while“a

lotof'can't.3.many/much

is

used

in

negative

or

interrogativesentences,whilealotof/lotsof/alotinaffirmativesentences.Exercise

6B1.books

2.end3.words4.news5.weeks6.sign

7.money

8.intelligence

9.books

10.line11.sentences12.strength13.apple,money,etc.14.case15.nurses

16.bales

17.novel,ones18.years,cause19.rooms20.casesExercise

6D1....little

opportunity

to

travel.2....manysuch

novels.3.Neither

sentence

is

correct

English.4.He

has

many

more

problems..5...this

kind

of

apple/these

kind(s)of

apples6.I

enjoy

either

kind,.7....every

book

in

the

fiction

section.8...than

in

any

other

country

in

the

world.9....a

greater

amount

ofrainfall

this

year

than

therewaslastyear.10..allthisluggage/alltheluggageintheairport.11....such

beautiful

poetry/such

a

beautify

poem

that

it

is

hard

tobelieve...12....agreat

many

friends

in

New

York.13.Whatevernonsense..14.That

third

sister

ofhis...15.Ican'tforthelifeofmeremember...16.Presumably

there

are

fewer/less

diseases...17....Than

allothermethods.18...onceeverythree

months.19....studyoflanguage.20...somemoresoup?Exercise6E1.How

much

work

have

done

this

morning?2.To

dig

a

tunnel

will

need

a

great

amount

of

labour.3.He's

done

the

least

work.4.There

are

several

methods

of

approaching

this

problem.5.I

know

little

French.6.There

must

be

less

empty

talk

but

more

practicalwork.7.Were

there

many

people

at

the

reception?8.May

I

have

a

few

words

with

you?9.There

were

fewer

people

today

at

the

exhibition

thanyesterday.10.Harry

made

thefewest

mistakes.11.You've

learnt

more

poetry

and

done

more

exercises

than

I

have.12.Jack's

done

the

most

work

and

made

the

mostmistakes.13.He'sdonealotof

work

and

made

a

lot

of

mistakes.14.Amillionairehas

lots

ofmoney-andlotsofworries.15.Anna

has

enough

worries

because

she

hasn't

gotenough

money.16.The

telephone

rang

every

few

minutes.17.We

have

been

persisting

in

making

the

experiment

allthese

last

few

cold

days.18.Both

his

next

books

on

linguistics

will

comeout

in

2011.19.Soonwelearnedthatwe

had

waitanotherthree

more

weeks.20.My

brother

spent

$1000

for

a

second-hand

car,but

I

spent

almost

twice

the

amount

for

thesame

stuffExercise

6F1.much2.many3.any4.some5.some,any6.any

7.Some,any

8.many

9.few10.little11.fewer12.little/less13.either14.either,neither

15.Both

16.Al117.none

18.every

19.each20.any,all4.the5.06.the,the,the7.9.a,the10.the11.0,the12.A14.the

15.0,016.0,the17.0,a,an,18.the,the,a,the19.the,the,the,the,20.a,0,0,0,0,0,O/a1.02.03.the,an0,a

8.0,the13.The,thea,thethe,theExercise

7AExercise7B1.a2.the3.a4.a5.a6.an7.the8.the9.a10.the11.012.the13.a14.the

15.a

16.0

17.the18.a19.a

20.a/the

21.an

22.the

23.a

24.025.an26.the

27.the

28.the

29.the30.a

31.the

32.the33.a34.a35.the36.the

37.the

38.the

39.an40.041.042.0

43.a

44.a

45.the

46.047.the

48.a49.the

50.the

51.theExercise

7C2.Lake

Michigan

3.The

Straits

ofGilbraltar4.Qomalangma

5.The

National

Gallery

6.the

WorldCup7.Christmas8.TheOlympicGames9.NATO10.theBBC11.Newsweek12.The

Times13.Whitefall14.theFinanceMinistry15.Parliament16.theSenate17.aJohn

Spence18.Jonesand

Smith19.TheWatemans

20.The

White

House

21.universtiy22.church23.table24.the

university

25.the

hospital26.prison

27.The

train

28.The

hovercraft,the

boat29.hovercraft30.a

taxi31.school32.a

bus33.theferry

34.a

cinema

35.The

film

36.the

Pope

37.a

world38.Language39.experience

40.lawExercise7DI

1.the2.a

3.the4.a

5.his

6.the

7.my8.a9.the

10.thell.the

l2.0

13.a

14.a

15.Sam's16.the

17.A18.the19.The20.His21.the22.her

23.yourⅡ1.a

2.the

3.another

4.an

5.the

6.a

7.an

8.a9.an10.0

11.012.a13.the

14.the15.Each16.a17.the

18.the

19.a20.other21.the22.another23.the24.a25.the26.theExercise

7E1.onthespot2.fromtop

to

down

3.on

hand4.at

the

front

5.in

a

fashion

6.taken

a

fancy

to

7.in

case

of

8.took

the

fancy

of

9.in

trouble,

lend

a

hand10.went

bythe

board11.withinreach

of

12.on

top

of

13.In

the

case

of

14.in

the

shade

of

15.at

a

loss16.in

possession

of17.in

the

possession

of

18.under

cover19.burning

the

midnight

oil

20.at

short

noticeExercise

7F1.Lighttravelsfasterthansound.2.Be

quiet,please.Don't

let

me

hear

a

sound