广东省茂名市化州市2023-2024学年高一上学期1月期末英语试题（含答案解析）

2023-2024学年度第一学期期末教学质量监测高一英语试题（笔试部分）满分：130分考试时间：120分钟注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号等填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AHighSchoolSummerReadingListWestudiedreadinglistsfromaroundthecountryandfoundthefollowingbooks.There’sagoodchanceyouwillopenoneofthemthissummer.TheJoyLuckClub,byAmyTanItfocusesonfourChinese-Americanimmigrantfamilieswhostartaclubknownas“theJoyLuckClub”,playingtheChinesegameofmahjong(麻将)formoneywhilefeastingonavarietyoffoods.ThefourChinesewomenhavetosolvealotofproblemscausedbydifferentcultures.LifeofPi,byYannMartelAfterashipfullofzooanimalssinksatsea,anIndianboyistrappedonalifeboatwithaBengaltiger(孟加拉虎).Duringthehardperiod,hesuffersalot.Butatlast,hearrivesatland.Thebookwasthewinnerof2002BookerPrize.TheSecretLifeofBees,bySueKiddDuringthecivilrights(公民权)movementofthemid-1960s,ayoungwhiteSoutherngirlgoesonthelam(逃走)withherfamily’sAfrican-Americanhousekeeper,hopingtosolvethemysteryofhermotherwhogaveherup.TheBookThief,byMarkusZusakIt’saboutayounggirlwholivesinNaziGermanyduringWorldWarII.ShestealsbooksandsharesthemwithneighborsaswellaswithaJewwhohidesinherfamily’sbasement.1.Ifyouwanttoknowthedifferencebetweencultures,whichbookshouldyouchoose?A.TheJoyLuckClub. B.LifeofPi.C.TheSecretLifeofBees. D.TheBookThief.2.WhatisTheSecretLifeofBeesmainlyabout?A.Amotherwhogaveupherdaughter.B.Thecauseofthecivilrightsmovement.C.ArunawayAfrican-Americanhousekeeper.D.Ayounggirlwhotriedtolearnabouthermother.3Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthetext?A.Toexplainwhythesebooksarepopular.B.Toshowtheimportanceofreadingbooks.C.Toencouragehighschoolstudentstoread.D.Tointroducesomebooksforhighschoolstudents.【答案】1.A2.D3.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要推荐了适合高中生暑期阅读的一些书籍。【1题详解】推理判断题。根据“TheJoyLuckClub,byAmyTan”下面的“ThefourChinesewomenhavetosolvealotofproblemscausedbydifferentcultures.(四位中国女性必须解决由不同文化造成的许多问题。)”可知，TheJoyLuckClub讲述了四位中国女性解决不同文化造成的问题，由此可推测出，读者可以从这本书中了解文化差异。故选A。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据“TheSecretLifeofBees,bySueKidd”下面的“Duringthecivilrights(公民权)movementofthemid-1960s,ayoungwhiteSoutherngirlgoesonthelam(逃走)withherfamily’sAfrican-Americanhousekeeper,hopingtosolvethemysteryofhermotherwhogaveherup.(在20世纪60年代中期的民权运动中，一个年轻的南方白人女孩和她家的非裔美国管家一起逃亡，希望解开她母亲抛弃她的谜团。)”可知，TheSecretLifeofBees主要讲述了一个年轻女孩试图了解关于母亲抛弃她的原因的故事。故选D。【3题详解】写作目的题。根据文章首段“Westudiedreadinglistsfromaroundthecountryandfoundthefollowingbooks.There’sagoodchanceyouwillopenoneofthemthissummer.(我们研究了全国各地的阅读清单，发现了以下书籍。今年夏天你很有可能打开它们其中一本。)”并结合下文分别介绍的书籍信息可知，本篇文章旨在给高中生介绍一些适合暑期阅读的书籍。故答案为D。BAsachild,therewasnothingIlikedbetterthanSundayafternoonsatmygrandfather’sfarminwesternPennsylvania.Surroundedbymilesofstonewalls,thehouseandfieldprovidedendlesshoursoffunforacitykidlikeme.Sincemyfirstvisittothefarm,Ihadwantedmorethananythingtobeallowedtoclimbthestonewallssurroundingthehouses.Myparentswouldneveragreebecausethewallsweresooldthatsomestoneswerelooseandfalling.However,myideatoclimbacrossthosewallsgrewsostrongthatfinallyIhadallmycouragetoenterthelivingroom,wheretheadultshadgatheredafterSundaydinner.“Iwanttoclimbthestonewalls.”Isaid.“Heavens,no!You’llhurtyourself!”TheresponsewasjustasI’dexpected.ButbeforeIlefttheroom,Iwasstoppedbymygrandfather’sloudvoice.“Nowholdonjustaminute.”Iheardhimsay.“Lettheboyclimbthestonewalls.Hehastolearntodothingsforhimself.”“Go,”hesaidtome,“andcomeandseemewhenyougetback.”ForthenexttwoandahalfhoursIclimbedthoseoldwalls—andhadthetimeofmylife.LaterImetwithmygrandfathertotellhimaboutmyadventures.I’llneverforgetwhathesaid.“Fred,”hesaid,smiling,“youmadethisdayaspecialdayjustbybeingyourself.Alwaysremember,there’sonlyonepersoninthiswholeworldlikeyou,andIlikeyouexactlyasyouare.”Manyyearshavepassedsincethen,andtodayIhostthetelevisionprogramMisterRogers’Neighborhood,seenbymillionsofchildrenthroughoutAmerica.Therehavebeenchangesovertheyears,butonethingremainsthesame:mymessagetochildrenattheendofalmosteveryvisit.“There’sonlyonepersoninthiswholeworldlikeyou,”thekidswillhearmesay,“andpeoplecanlikeyouexactlyasyouare.”4.Whydidthewriterenjoyhisvisitstothefarm?A.Therewereoldstonehouses. B.Hewasallowedtoclimbthewalls.C.Hemissedhisgrandfatheralot. D.Hecouldexperiencenewfunthere.5.Whatcanbeinferredaboutthewriterfromthepassage?A.Hewasbackedupbyhisgrandfathertofollowhisheart.B.Hedidn’texpecthisparents’disagreementonwallclimbing.C.HebecameaTVprogramhostwithhisgrandfather’shelp.D.Hedidn’tknowthepossibledangerofthestonewalls.6.Whichofthefollowingcanbestdescribetheauthor’sgrandfather?A.Open-minded. B.Adventurous. C.Kind-hearted. D.Dependable.7.Whichisprobablythebesttitleforthetext?A.UnforgettableChildhood B.JustBeYourselfC.DoWhateverYouLike D.Likegrandfather,likegrandson【答案】4.D5.A6.A7.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要通过作者幼年的一件趣事，感悟到每个人都是独一无二的，要敢于做自己。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Asachild,therewasnothingIlikedbetterthanSundayafternoonsatmygrandfather’sfarminwesternPennsylvania.Surroundedbymilesofstonewalls,thehouseandfieldprovidedendlesshoursoffunforacitykidlikeme.(当我还是个孩子的时候，没有什么比在宾夕法尼亚州西部祖父的农场里度过周日下午更让我喜欢的了。房子和田地被绵延数英里的蜿蜒石墙环绕着，为像我这样的城市孩子提供了无尽的乐趣。)”可知，作者喜欢去农场是因为他可以在那里体验到新的乐趣。故选D项。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段““Fred,”hesaid,smiling,“youmadethisdayaspecialdayjustbybeingyourself.Alwaysremember,there’sonlyonepersoninthiswholeworldlikeyou,andIlikeyouexactlyasyouare.””(“弗雷德，”他微笑着说，“你做了你自己，使今天成为一个特别的日子。永远记住，这个世界上只有一个人喜欢你，我喜欢真实的你。”)”可知，作者的祖父支持他遵从自己的内心。故选A项。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第三段“ButbeforeIlefttheroom,Iwasstoppedbymygrandfather’sloudvoice.“Nowholdonjustaminute.”Iheardhimsay.“Lettheboyclimbthestonewalls.Hehastolearntodothingsforhimself.”(但在我离开房间之前，我被祖父的大声声音拦住了。“现在请稍等一下。”我听见他说，“让孩子爬石墙吧。他必须学会自己做事情。”)”可推知，祖父赞成孩子学会自己做事，所以祖父是一个非常开明的人。故选A项。【7题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章最后一句““There’sonlyonepersoninthiswholeworldlikeyou,”thekidswillhearmesay,“andpeoplecanlikeyouexactlyasyouare.”(“这个世界上只有一个人和你一样，”孩子们会听到我说，“人们会喜欢你本来的样子。”)”以及结合作者与祖父之间的故事可知，本文主要围绕着“敢于做自己”这一主题展开，故C项“JustBeYourself.(做你自己)”概括全文，最合适作为文章的标题。故选B项。CRecently,researchonhowanewvirtual(虚拟的)reality(VR)experienceeducatedprimarychildrenaboutthefiredisasterswasdone.ItwasdevelopedbytheUniversityofSouthAustralia,aimingtoeducatechildrentolearnhowtobesaferinafire.Focusingonchildrenaged10-12yearsold,thenewVRexperiencepresentsasituationwherechildrenaretaskedtolookafterafriend’sdogjustbeforeafireeventbeginstospread.Theyparticipateinaseriesofproblem-solvingactivitiestohelpsaveandprotectthemselvesandthedog.Thefindingsshowedthatmorethan80percentofchildrenreportedthattheyfeltmoreconfidenttocalmlyassessthesituationandmakewisedecisionstoprotectthemselvesfromafire.Thisislespeciallyimportantconsideringthat91percentofparticipantsoriginallylackedanyknowledgeoffires,andthat67percenthadsaidthattheyweretooyoungtomakesafetydecisionsinafire.Theresearchersbelievedsuchimmersive(沉浸式的)VRexperienceshadrealpotential(潜力)toattractandeducatetheyoung.“Aschildrenbornindigitaltimes,theyareinterestedinsuchtechnologyandtheycanexperienceeventsrealisticallyyetwithinthesafeenvironment.”saidDeleneWeber,oneoftheresearchers.“Well-designedVRcanprovideachanceforchildrentoapplynewly-acquiredknowledge,strengthentheirlearntconcepts,andenableimmediatereaction—allincrediblyvaluablelearningtools.”Meanwhile,becausechildrenhavefewerlifeexperiences,aren’tasphysicallystrong,andarelesslikelytohavelearnedmuchaboutfiresafety,they’reoftenmostatrisk.Yettheabilityforchildrentocontributetofiresafetyattheirhouseholdshouldnotbeunderestimated(低估).“Childrendonotneedtobepassivelyattackedbydisastersandwithpurpose-builtvirtualrealityexperiencessuchasthese,wecanhelpchildrenunderstandtherisksandrealizetheycanhelp,”saidWeber.8.HowdoesthenewVRexperiencetrytoeducatechildren?A.Byintroducingavirtualfriendtothem. B.Byfindingthecausesofafireevent.C.Bylettingthemsolvevirtualproblems. D.Byguidingthemtoaskadogforhelp.9.WhatdidtheresultoftheresearchaboutVRexperiencesshow?A.Manychildrenfoundithardtoadapttothem.B.Theyhelpedchildrendealwithfirepostively.C.Theybenefitedchildrenwithknowledgeofanimals.D.Mostchildrenhadamisunderstandingaboutthem.10.WhatisWeber’sattitudetowardsthenewVRexperiences?A.Doubtful. B.Indifferent. C.Disapproving. D.Supportive.11.Whatcanbethemostsuitabletitleforthetext?A.VRexperienceseducatekidstosurviveafire B.VRexperiencesmakelearningeasierforkidsC.VReducationappealstotheyounggeneration D.VRtechnologymakesnosenseinfightingafire.【答案】8.C9.B10.D11.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种新型虚拟现实体验可以帮助孩子们学会如何在火灾中避险求生。【详解】1.细节理解题。根据第二段“Focusingonchildrenaged10-12yearsold,thenewVRexperiencepresentsasituationwherechildrenaretaskedtolookafterafriend’sdogjustbeforeafireeventbeginstospread.Theyparticipateinaseriesofproblem-solvingactivitiestohelpsaveandprotectthemselvesandthedog.(针对10-12岁的儿童，新的虚拟现实体验提出了一种情况，即儿童被要求在火灾开始蔓延之前照顾朋友的狗。他们参加一系列的解决问题的活动，以帮助拯救和保护自己和狗。)”可知，VR体验通过让孩子们在虚拟情境中解决问题来教育他们如何应对火灾状况。故选C。2.推理判断题。根据第三段第一句“Thefindingsshowedthatmorethan80percentofchildrenreportedthattheyfeltmoreconfidenttocalmlyassessthesituationandmakewisedecisionstoprotectthemselvesfromafire.(调查结果显示，超过80%的儿童报告说，他们感到更有信心冷静地评估情况，并作出明智的决定，以保护自己免受火灾。)”可推断知，这种虚拟现实体验可以积极地帮助孩子们应对火灾。故选B。3.推理判断题。根据第四段中Weber的话“Well-designedVRcanprovideachanceforchildrentoapplynewly-acquiredknowledge,strengthentheirlearntconcepts,andenableimmediatereaction—allincrediblyvaluablelearningtools.(精心设计的虚拟现实技术可以为孩子们提供一个应用新学到的知识的机会，加强他们所学到的概念，并使他们能够立即作出反应——这些都是非常有价值的学习工具。)”可推知，Weber对这种新型虚拟现实体验持支持的态度。故选D。4.主旨大意题。根据第一段“Recently,aresearchonhowanewvirtualreality(VR)experienceeducatedprimarychildrenaboutthefiredisasterwasdone.(近年来，人们开展了一项新的虚拟现实(VR)体验对小学生进行火灾知识教育的研究。)”及全文可知,本文主要介绍了一种新型虚拟现实体验可以帮助孩子们学会如何在火灾中避险求生。所以A项“VRexperienceseducatekidstosurviveafire(虚拟现实教育孩子如何在火灾中生存)”作为文章标题最为合适。故选A。DWhenyouareakid,gainingabestfriendforevercanhappeninasingleplaydate.Butwhenyougrowuptobeanadult,makingandmaintainingfriendshipsgetsharder.Sohowmuchqualitytime(优质时光)doyouneedbeforethatstrangerbecomesyourfriend?Anewstudyrecentlyfoundthat,onaverage,ittakesabout50hourswithsomeonebeforeyouconsiderthemacasual(感情不深的)friend,about90hoursbeforeyoubecomerealfriends,andabout200hourstobecomeclosefriends.Thestudy’sauthorJeffreyHall,acommunicationsprofessor,invitedadultswhoareeagertomakefriendstotakepartintwoexperiments—peoplewhohadjustmovedtoanewcityinthepastsixmonthsandcollegefreshmen.Heaskedthemtorateandtrackthedegreeofclosenessandtimespenttogetherwithanewperson.“Resultssuggestthatthechanceofchangingfromcasualfriendtorealfriendisgreaterthan50%afteraround80-100hourstogether,”saidHall.Thestudyfoundthattheamountoftimespenttalkingtogether,orthefactthatyouspenttimeatschoolorworkwiththem,wasunrelatedtofriendshipcloseness.“Itisreallyeasytospendalotoftimewithpeopleastheyareroutinelyinthesameplaceatthesametimeasyou,”Hallsaid.“However,mystudyshowsyoucanhaveworkmatesyouspendhundredsandhundredsofhourswithandstillnotdevelopafriendship.”Youdonotneedtobecomebestfriendswithyourworkmatestodevelopmeaningfulrelationshipswiththem.Butforthoseofushopingtochangefrom“girlwhoIeatlunchatworkwith”to“friendIcandependon,”Hallsuggeststhatyouneedtotaketherelationshipoutoftheworkplaceforittobecomeafriendship.Theparticipantswhodidactivitiesoutsideofworkwithsomeone,suchasbeinginvitedtohavelunchintheirhome,weremorelikelytodevelopdeeperrelationshipswiththem.12.Whatisthenewstudymainlyabout?A.Waysofmakingfriendsinanewenvironment. B.Whypeopleneedtomakedifferentfriends.C.Differentlevelsoffriendship. D.Howlongittakestodevelopafriendship.13.Whatdoweknowabouttheparticipantsinthestudy?A.Theykneweachotherbefore. B.Theyhaddifficultyinmakingnewfriends.C.Theywereingreatneedoffriends. D.Theystartedtheirnewlifeinthesamecity.14.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“routinely”probablymeaninparagraph3?A.Usually. B.Actively. C.Seldom. D.Confidently.15.WhichcanhelppeoplebuilddeeperrelationshipswithworkmatesaccordingtoHall?A.Joiningthesameworkteam. B.Havinglunchatworkwiththem.C.Invitingthemtoyourhomeafterwork. D.Sharingworkexperiencewitheachother.【答案】12.D13.C14.A15.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是科学告诉我们一个成年人需要多长时间才能交到一个新朋友，并且建议要想发展成为朋友需要将这种关系带出工作场所。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Anewstudyrecentlyfoundthat,onaverage,ittakesabout50hourswithsomeonebeforeyouconsiderthemacasual(感情不深的)friend,about90hoursbeforeyoubecomerealfriends,andabout200hourstobecomeclosefriends.(最近的一项新研究发现，平均来说，和一个人在一起大约50个小时后，你就会把他们当作普通朋友，大约90个小时后，你就会成为真正的朋友，大约200个小时后，你就会成为亲密的朋友。)”可知，研究发现与一个人在一起大约50小时会成为普通朋友，相处大约90个小时会成为真正的朋友，而相处大约200个小时后，就会成为亲密朋友。结合第二段中的“Heaskedthemtorateandtrackthedegreeofclosenessandtimespenttogetherwithanewperson.(他要求他们评估和跟踪与一个陌生人在一起的亲密程度和时间。)”可知，在这项新研究中要求参与者评估和跟踪与一个陌生人在一起的亲密程度和花费的时间，由此可知，该新研究主要是研究发展一段友谊需要多长时间。故选D项。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Thestudy’sauthorJeffreyHall,acommunicationsprofessor,invitedadultswhoareeagertomakefriendstotakepartintwoexperiments—peoplewhohadjustmovedtoanewcityinthepastsixmonthsandcollegefreshmen.(该研究的作者、传播学教授杰弗里·霍尔（JeffreyHall）邀请渴望交朋友的成年人参加了两个实验——一个是过去六个月刚搬到一个新城市的人，另一个是大学新生。)”可知，研究者邀请渴望交朋友的成年人参加了两个实验，由此可知，这项研究的参与者都是希望交朋友的人。故选C项。【14题详解】词义猜测题。根据第三段中的“Thestudyfoundthattheamountoftimespenttalkingtogether,orthefactthatyouspenttimeatschoolorworkwiththem,wasunrelatedtofriendshipcloseness.(研究发现，在一起聊天的时间，或者你在学校或工作中与他们在一起的时间，与友谊的亲密程度无关。)”可知，在一起聊天的时间或者在学校或者工作中在一起的时间与友谊的亲密程度无关，结合划线单词前的“Itisreallyeasytospendalotoftimewithpeople(花很多时间和别人在一起真的很容易)”可知，花很多时间与别人在一起很容易，划线单词所在的句子与此处为因果关系。由此可以推断，根据常识，作为学生或者同事，在一起很容易的原因是人们经常同时出现在同一个场所，由此可知，划线单词的意思与“经常”意义相近。故选A项。【15题详解】细节理解题。根据尾段中的“Theparticipantswhodidactivitiesoutsideofworkwithsomeone,suchasbeinginvitedtohavelunchintheirhome,weremorelikelytodevelopdeeperrelationshipswiththem.(在工作之外与他人一起参加活动的参与者，比如被邀请在他们家里吃午饭，更有可能与他们建立更深的关系。)”可知，在工作之外与他人一起参加活动的参与者更有可能与他们建立更深的关系，由此可知，下班之后，邀请同事到你的家里有助于和他们建立更深的关系。故选C项。第二节（共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Whilecomputersareincrediblyusefultools,theycanalsobeaddictive.Manykidshavetheproblemofspendingtoomuchtimeonthecomputer.Helpyourchildovercometheirowncomputeraddictionbyusingthefollowingmethods.___16___Ifyouarenotathome,youcanchangethepassword(密码)dailyandsendittoyourchildremotelyonceyou’rereadytogivethemaccess(机会).___17___Limityourchildtousingthecomputerforamaximumoftwohoursperdayiftheyareovertwoyearsold.Childrenundertwoshouldnothaveaccesstoanyscreentime.Talkwithyourchildabouttheirexcessivecomputeruse.Findoutifthereareanyspecificreasonswhytheyspendsomuchtimeonthecomputer.___18___Ifyourchildisfacingproblemsthatarecausingadesiretoescape,addressthosewiththemthroughdiscussions,providingadvice,orgettingthemhelpwhennecessary.Beagoodrolemodel.___19___Instead,bepresentwhenyouarewiththemandworkonspendingmoretimetogether.Encouragethemtojoinclubsororganizations.Findoutfromthemwhatclubsororganizationsareofferedattheirschool.___20___A.Setatimelimitoncomputeruse.B.Encourageyourchildtoreadbooks.C.Setapasswordforthecomputerthatonlyyouknow.D.Don’tspendalotoftimeusingthecomputeraroundyourchild.E.Sometimes,thecomputercanfunctionasanescapefromreality.F.Somechildrenmaystayuplateintothenightinordertousethecomputer.G.Thiswillprovidethemwithanotherwayofmeetingothersanddevelopingnewhobbiesandinterests.【答案】16.C17.A18.E19.D20.G【解析】【导语】本文为一篇说明文，介绍了帮助孩子克服电脑成瘾的方法。【16题详解】前文“Helpyourchildovercometheirowncomputeraddictionbyusingthefollowingmethods.(用以下方法帮助你的孩子克服自己的电脑瘾。)”引出下文克服电脑成瘾的方法，后文“Ifyouarenotathome,youcanchangethepassworddailyandsendittoyourchildremotelyonceyou’rereadytogivethemaccess.(如果你不在家，你可以每天更改密码，并在你准备好让孩子访问时远程发送给他们。)”可知，此段描述给计算机设置密码，C选项“为计算机设置一个只有你知道的密码。”符合主旨。故选C。【17题详解】后文“Limityourchildtousingthecomputerforamaximumoftwohoursperdayiftheyareovertwoyearsold.(如果你的孩子超过两岁，限制他们每天使用电脑的时间不超过两个小时。)”表示此段的建议是设定使用电脑的时间限制，A选项“设定使用电脑的时间限制。”符合主旨。故选A。【18题详解】前文表示应找孩子谈一谈关于过度使用电脑的问题，后文“Ifyourchildisfacingproblemsthatarecausingadesiretoescape,addressthosewiththemthroughdiscussions,providingadvice,orgettingthemhelpwhennecessary.(如果你的孩子正面临着导致他们想要逃避的问题，通过讨论、提供建议或在必要时寻求帮助来解决这些问题。)”可知，E选项“有时，电脑可以作为逃避现实的工具。”与后文语境相符，引起下文。故选E。【19题详解】前文表示应成为一个好榜样，即，自己也不应该太多使用电脑，D选项“不要花太多时间在孩子身边使用电脑。”符合语境且下文Instead进行转折提出家长应该如何做。故选D。【20题详解】前文“Findoutfromthemwhatclubsororganizationsareofferedattheirschool.(从他们那里了解他们学校有哪些俱乐部或组织。)”可知，应让孩子多参与俱乐部和组织，G选项“这将为他们提供另一种结识他人和发展新的爱好和兴趣的方式。”为这样做的好处，符合语境。故选G。第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Iwasdrivinginmycartheotherday.Thesunwasout,theradiowasplaying,andIwassingingalong.Thesongwasso___21___thatevenmyweakvoicesoundedgood.Thenit___22___,however.Thesweetsoundofthemusic___23___andtherecametheunpleasantnews.Gasprices___24___again.Fansoftwosportsteamsgotintofight.Isighedandwonderedaboutthis___25___worldwelivein.___26___,Icouldtakenomoreandturnedofftheradio.Silenceseemedpreferabletolisteningtoanythingelseaboutthecrazy,___27___societywelivein.IsloweddownasIenteredatownand___28___thepeopleasIdroveby.Atallmanwas___29___anelderlyladyoutofacarandhelpingherplaceherwalkersoshecouldgointostoreinherwheelchair.Asmilingwomanwas____30____foodontothesquarewhileadozenbirdsflewdowntoenjoythefoodbeinglaidoutbeforethem.Ayoungmanwaswalkingalong,carryinghis____31____safelyinhisarms.Whenthedaughterpulledthehatoffhishead,theyboth____32____.IlaughedtooasIlookedatallofhis____33____.Theradiomayhavebeenoffinmycar,butinmy____34____Iwasstillsinging.Intruth,thisworldcouldhavemorekindnessandlesscompetitions.Kindnessmakesusall____35____inthislifeandourlifewillbefullofloveandjoy.21.A.long B.boring C.joyful D.difficult22.A.designed B.remained C.happened D.stayed23.A.ended B.continued C.jumped D.fell24.A.cutdown B.madeup C.wentdown D.wentup25.A.exciting B.crazy C.unusual D.interesting26.A.Finally B.Hardly C.Secretly D.Calmly27.A.competitive B.clean C.wonderful D.amazing28.A.touched B.watched C.avoided D.recognized29.A.recommending B.protecting C.helping D.keeping30.A.collecting B.moving C.covering D.throwing31.A.daughter B.son C.dog D.cat32.A.stopped B.stood C.laughed D.shouted33.A.weakness B.kindness C.loneliness D.safeness34.A.hand B.letter C.shoulder D.heart35.A.volunteers B.adults C.winners D.losers【答案】21.C22.C23.A24.D25.B26.A27.A28.B29.C30.D31.A32.C33.B34.D35.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者驾车一路上的经历，作者感悟到的是虽然世界上会有一些不好的事情发生，但世界上的各个角落仍然充满着善良。【21题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这首歌是一首欢快的歌，即使我微弱的声音听起来也很好听。A.long长的;B.boring令人生厌的；C.joyful令人愉快的；D.difficult悲困难的。根据下文的“thatevenmyweakvoicesoundedgood.”以及“Thesweetsoundofthemusic”可知，收音机上所播放的音乐非常动听，由此可知，此处指的是这是一首“令人愉快的”歌曲，符合语境。故选C项。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，事情还是发生了。A.designed设计；B.remained仍然,依然；C.happened发生；D.stayed停留。根据下文中的“andtherecametheunpleasantnews.”可知，收机上播放了不愉快的新闻，由此可知，此处指的是作者不想听到的不好的新闻还是“发生”了。故选C项。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：悦耳的音乐声结束了，传来了令人不快的消息。A.ended结束；B.continued继续；C.jumped跳；D.fell掉落，落下。根据下文中的“therecametheunpleasantnews”可知，然后传来了不好的新闻，与上文中的“Thesweetsoundofthemusic”形成对比，由此可知，此处指的是动听的音乐“结束”了。故选A。【24题详解】考查动词词组辨析。句意：汽油价格再次上涨。A.cutdown砍倒,减少；B.madeup组成，化妆；C.wentdown下降；D.wentup上升,上涨。根据常识和上文中的“therecametheunpleasantnews.”以及下文中的“Fansoftwosportsteamsgotintofight”可知，这些消息都是负面的，由此判断，这里指的是汽油价格“上涨”的消息。故选D项。【25题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我叹了口气，对我们生活的这个疯狂的世界感到疑惑。A.exciting令人兴奋的；B.crazy疯狂的；C.unusual不同寻常的；D.interesting有趣的。根据语境以及下文中的“Silenceseemedpreferabletolisteningtoanythingelseaboutthecrazy”可知，作者在广播中听到的都是那些令人不愉快的消息，觉得我们所处的世界是非常“疯狂的”符合语境。故选B项。【26题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：最后，我实在受不了了，关掉了收音机。A.Finally最后；B.Hardly几乎不；C.Secretly秘密地；D.Calmy平静地。根据语境以及下文中的“Icouldtakenomoreandturnedofftheradio.”可知，作者受不了收音机里传来的不好的消息，所以此处应为“最终”关掉了收音机。故选A项。【27题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：沉默似乎比倾听关于我们所生活的这个疯狂、竞争激烈的社会的任何其他事情更可取。A.competitive有竞争力的；B.clean干净的；C.wonderful精彩的；D.amazing惊人的，了不起的。根据常识和上文中的“Gasprices___4___again.Fansoftwosportsteamsgotintofight.”以及下文中的“Intruth,thisworldcouldhavemorekindnessandlesscompetitions.”可知，当前油价上涨，两个球队的粉丝打架，作者在最后提到的是这个世界上还是善良更多一些，竞争少一些，由此可知，此处指的是这是一个疯狂的且“竞争激烈的”世界，符合语境。故选A项。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我进入一个城镇时，我放慢了速度，看着我开车经过的人们。A.touched触摸；B.watched注视，观看；C.avoided避免；D.recognized辨认,识别。根据下文中的“Atallmanwas___9___anelderlyladyoutofacarandhelpingherplaceherwalkersoshecouldgointostoreinherwheelchair.”以及下文中提到的场景可知，作者在穿过小镇时看到人们那种友善相处的生活场景，由此可知，这些都是作者“观看”到的情景。故选B项。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一个高个子男人正在帮助一位老太太下车，帮她放好助行器，这样她就可以坐着轮椅去商店了。A.recommending推荐；B.protecting保护；C.helping帮助；D.keeping保持。根据下文中的“andhelpingherplaceherwalkersoshecouldgointostoreinherwheelchair.”可知，这个高个子男子帮她放好助行器以至于她能坐着轮椅去商店，由此可知，此处应为“帮助”一位老妇人从车上下，符合语境。故选C项。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一位面带微笑的妇女把食物扔到广场上，而十几只鸟飞下来享受摆在它们面前的食物。A.collecting收集，采集；B.moving移动；C.covering覆盖；D.throwing抛，撒。根据下文中的“whileadozenbirdsflewdowntoenjoythefoodbeinglaidoutbeforethem.”可知，十几只鸟飞过来享受在它们面前的食物，由此判断，这位面带微笑的妇女应该是把食物“撒”出去，符合语境。故选D项。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：一位年轻的男子走在路上，把他的女儿安全地抱在怀里。A.daughter女儿；B.son儿子；C.dog狗；D.cat猫。根据下文中的“Whenthedaughterpulledthehatoffhishead”可知，此处指的是这位年轻男子怀里抱着的是他的“女儿”符合语境。故选A项。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当他的女儿把他的帽子从头上摘下来时，他们都笑了。A.stopped停止；B.stood站立；C.laughed笑；D.shouted喊。根据下文中的“IlaughedtooasIlookedatallofhis___13___.”可知，作者也笑了，由此判断，他们都“笑”了，符合语境。故选C项。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：看到他的善良，我也笑了。A.weakness弱点，劣势；B.kindness仁慈，友善的行为；C.loneliness孤独；D.safeness安全。根据下文中的“Intruth,thisworldcouldhavemorekindnessandlesscompetitions.”可知，这个世界上还是有更多的善良和较少的竞争，以及上文中作者描述的所看到的友善行为可判断，此处指的是看到他的“善良”符合语境。故选B项。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我车里的收音机可能已经关了，但我的心里仍在唱歌。A.hand手；B.letter信件；C.shoulder肩膀；D.heart心里，内心。根据上文中的“Theradiomayhavebeenoffinmycar”以及下文中的“Iwasstillsinging”可知，作者车上的收音机已经关闭，而下文中提到自己在唱着歌，形成了对比，由此可推断，此处表示作者在“心里”唱着歌。故选D项。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：善良使我们成为生活的获胜者，我们的生活将充满爱和喜悦。A.volunteers志愿者；B.adults成年人；C.winners获胜者；D.losers失败者。根据语境和下文中的“andourlifewillbefullofloveandjoy.”可知，作者在收音机里听到了一些负面的新闻后，又看到了更多的善行义举，我们的生活中充满爱与快乐，由此可推断，此处指的是善良使得我们成为生活的“获胜者”符合语境。故选C项。第二节（共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当单词或括号内所给词的正确形式。Chineseoperaisoneoftheoldestdramaticartformsintheworld.DuringtheTangDynasty,theEmperorXuanzongsetupanoperaschoolwiththepoeticnameLiyuan(PearGarden).Fromthattimeon,performersofChineseoperawerereferredto____36____“Disciples(弟子)ofthePearGarden”.SincetheYuanDynastyithasbeenencouragedbyofficialsandemperorsandhasbecomea____37____(tradition)artform.DuringtheQingDynasty,itbecamefashionableamongordinarypeopleandwaswatchedintearoomsand____38____(restaurant).Itdevelopedfromfolksongs,dances,talkingandespeciallydistinctivedialecticalmusic,and____39____(gradual)combinedmusic,artandliteratureintoone____40____(perform)onthestage.____41____(accompany)byChinesemusicalinstrumentsliketheerhuandthesuona,actorspresentuniquemelodiesanddialogueswhicharebeautifullywritten.ForChinese,especiallyolderfolks,tolistentothiskindofoperaisarealpleasure.____42____appealstoforeignersmostmightbethedifferentstylesoffacialmake-up,whichrequiresdistinctivetechniquesofpainting.Always,exaggerateddesigns____43____(paint)oneachperformer’sfacetosymbolizeacharacter’spersonalityandrole.Audiences____44____arefamiliarwithoperacanknowthecharacterby_____45_____(observe)thefacialpaintingaswellasthecostumes.Chineseoperahasdevelopedintomanydifferentregionalvarieties.Today,thereareover300amazingregionaloperastyles.【答案】36.as37.traditional38.restaurants39.gradually40.performance41.Accompanied42.What43.arepainted44.who##that45.observing【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了中国戏曲的相关信息。【36题详解】考查介词。句意：从那时起，中国戏曲演员被称为“梨园弟子”。bereferredtoas“被称为是”。故填as。【37题详解】考查形容词。句意：自元朝以来，它一直受到官员和皇帝的鼓励，并成为一种传统的艺术形式。形容词修饰名词。故填traditional。【38题详解】考查名词。句意：在清朝，它在普通人中流行起来，并在茶室和餐馆里观看。restaurant为可数名词，前无冠词修饰，用复数形式表泛指。故填restaurants。【39题详解】考查副词。句意：它从民歌、舞蹈、谈话和特别独特的辩证音乐发展而来，并逐渐将音乐、艺术和文学结合为舞台上的表演。副词gradually修饰动词combine。故填gradually。【40题详解】考查名词。句意：它从民歌、舞蹈、谈话和特别独特的辩证音乐发展而来，并逐渐将音乐、艺术和文学结合为舞台上的表演。one后接单数名词performance。故填performance。【41题详解】考查非谓语。句意：在二胡和唢呐等中国乐器的伴奏下，演员们呈现出独特的旋律和对白，这些旋律和对白写得很美妙。分析句子可知，空处为非谓语动词作状语，actors与accompany为被动关系，所以用过去分词。故填Accompanied。【42题详解】考查连接词。句意：最吸引外国人的可能是不同风格的面部化妆，这需要独特的绘画技巧。分析句子可知，本句为主语从句，从句缺少主语，指代事物，用连词代词what作主语，置于句首，首字母大写。故填What。【43题详解】考查时态语态。句意：通常，夸张的设计被画在每个演员的脸上，以象征角色的个性和角色。本句在陈述事实，为一般现在时，主语exaggerateddesigns与谓语paint为被动关系。故填arepainted。【44题详解】考查定语从句。句意：熟悉歌剧的观众可以通过观察面部绘画和服装来了解角色。空处引导限制性定语从句，audiences为先行词，作定语从