2023-2024学年河北省唐县第一中学高三上学期12月月考英语试题（解析版）

2024届高三新高考考前模拟卷(二)·英语[满分150分，用时120分钟]注意事项：1.答题前，考生务必将自己的学校、姓名、班级、准考证号填写在答题卡上相应的位置。2.全部答案在答题卡上完成，答在本试卷上无效。3.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案用0.5毫米及以上黑色笔迹签字笔写在答题卡上。4.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatdoesthemanmean?A.Heisn’tavailableatalltoday.B.Hewillbethewoman’spartner.C.Thewomanshouldn’tworkalone.2.Howdoesthemanfeelaboutthechangingweather?A.Confused.B.Annoyed.C.Excited.3.Whereisthemannow?A.InMexico.B.InGermany.C.InSpain.4.Howdoesthemanusuallytravel?A.Bycar.B.Bybus.C.Bytrain.5.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Achildren’sclassic.B.Ateenwriter.C.Avillagetour.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Classmates.B.Co-workers.C.Neighbors.7.Whatwillthewomandonext?A.Borrowsomebooks.B.Prepareforanothertest.C.Relaxathome.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.WhoisSpotty?A.Theboy’slittlebrother.B.Ahumanwhoisn’tlikedbythewoman.C.Adogbelongingtotheboy’sfamily.9.WhatdoestheboythinkofSpotty?A.Helikeshim.B.Hedislikeshim.C.Heappreciateshim.10.Whatcanwelearnfromtheconversation?ASpottywillnotbeinthefamilypicture.B.Spottywillbeinthefamilypicturewithnohat.C.Spottywillbeinthefamilypicturewithahat.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.Whatisthewomandoing?A.Revisingtheweeklyreport.B.Rewritingthedailyreport.C.Relaxingandhangingout.12.Howdoesthewomanfeelaboutherwork?A.Satisfied.B.Disappointed.C.Tiredandbored.13.Wherewillthespeakersbe?A.Inacinema.B.Inamuseum.C.Inasupermarket.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14.Whatistheplanforchangestothecitycentreabout?A.Banningcarsfromthecitycentre.B.Changingbusesinthecitycentre.C.Keepingbikesoutofthecitycentre.15.Whatisthewoman’sattitudetowardstheplan?A.Uncertain.B.Supportive.C.Disapproving.16.Whathappenedinthetownwhereatrialwasdone?A.Theairqualityimproved.B.Theshopsalesweredown.C.Trafficconditionsgotbetter.17.Whatdoesthemanthinkthegovernmentshoulddo?A.Lowertransportfees.B.Promotecleanenergy.C.Improvepublictransport.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18.WhatdoweknowaboutNRC’sresultsinstudents’readingandmath?A.They’renotsatisfying.B.Theirdataarenotconvincing.C.They’vebeenimprovedoverall.19.Whatpercentageoffourthgradersaregoodatmath?A.About30%.B.Morethan40%.C.Over50%.20.Whatcausedthe“studentachievementcrisis”accordingtoBetsyDeVos?A.Limitededucationfreedom.B.Alackofmoneyineducation.C.Students’dependenceonschools.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ATheBestHotelsinSt.KittsandNevisNeighboringSt.KittsandNevisremaintwoofthemostoff-the-radarislandsintheCaribbean.Theirbeachesaregorgeousandtheirmountainouscoastlinesareperfectfordayhikes.Here’swheretocheckinwhenyougo.ParkHyattSt.KittsChristopheHarborFromthereflectinglilypoolsatitsentrancetothewallofstrawhatsinthelobby,you’llneverforgetyou’reonsandySt.Kittswhenyoustayattheswish,five-starParkHyattfrontingChristopheHarbor.Weespeciallylovethatthe126taupe-and-blueroomsareanabout-facefromthestuffycolonialleftoversyou’llfindelsewhereontheisland,whichensurethosevolcanoandbeachviewsareneverupstaged.You’llalsoenjoywaterviewsfromtheMiravalSpa.BelleMontFarmCallingallfoodies:gourmet(美食家)mealsarethestandardwhenyoustayatBelleMontFarm,a400-acreeco-friendlyworkingfarmbuiltontheslopesofMountLiamuiga,fromwhereyoucanhave/getabird’s-eyeviewofthesea.Acrosstheproperty,signsindicatewhenfruitisripetopick,whilenolessthansixrestaurantsandbarsshowcasetheisland’sdiversity.TheoneyouabsolutelyhavetohitisKitchen,whichspecializesinfreshcatchesofthedayandsourcesnearlyeveryingredientfromSt.KittsorNevis.FourSeasonsResortNevisDespiteitssmallsize,thiscolonialbeautyembodiesthekindofover-the-topluxuryyou’vealwaysdreamedof:therearethreeinfinitypools(无边泳池),pavilionswithwrap-aroundverandas,aRobertTrentJonesJr.golfcourse,alavishspawithsplendidwaterviews,andrichactivitiesareincluded,fromasailingschooltotenniscourts,guidedhikesalongrainforesttrails,andevenabeachwaiterwhoroamsthesands,handingoutbooksandsunscreen.1.WhatcanweknowaboutBelleMontFarm?A.Ithasmorethan100taupe-and-bluerooms. B.Itfeaturesitsdishes.C.Itattractslotsofhikers. D.ItislocatedonthebeachofSt.Kitts.2.Whatdothethreehotelshaveincommon?A.TheyarealllocatedinNevis. B.Theyallprovideguidedhikes.C.Theyallprovidewonderfulwaterviews. D.Theyarealllarge-scalehotels.3.WhatisuniquetoFourSeasonsResortNevis?A.Itservesfreshcatches. B.Richactivitiesareincluded.C.Ithasspafacilities. D.Sandbeachesareavailable.【答案】1.B2.C3.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍的是St.Kitts和Nevis最好的酒店的相关情况。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据BelleMontFarm部分的“Callingallfoodies:gourmet(美食家)mealsarethestandardwhenyoustayatBelleMontFarm(呼吁所有的美食家：当你住在贝尔蒙特农场时，美食是标准的)”和“TheoneyouabsolutelyhavetohitisKitchen,whichspecializesinfreshcatchesofthedayandsourcesnearlyeveryingredientfromSt.KittsorNevis.(你一定要去的是Kitchen，它专门供应当天的新鲜渔获，几乎所有的食材都来自St.Kitts或Nevis。)”可知，BelleMontFarm的特色是菜肴。故选B。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据ParkHyattSt.KittsChristopheHarbor部分的“You’llalsoenjoywaterviewsfromtheMiravalSpa.(您还可以在MiravalSpa欣赏水景。)”，BelleMontFarm部分的“Callingallfoodies:gourmet(美食家)mealsarethestandardwhenyoustayatBelleMontFarm,a400-acreeco-friendlyworkingfarmbuiltontheslopesofMountLiamuiga,fromwhereyoucanhave/getabird’s-eyeviewofthesea.(呼吁所有的美食家：当你住在BelleMontFarm时，美食是标准的，这是一个400英亩的环保农场，建在Liamuiga山的斜坡上，从那里你可以鸟瞰大海。)”和FourSeasonsResortNevis部分的“alavishspawithsplendidwaterviews(一个拥有壮丽水景的豪华水疗中心)”可知，这三家酒店的共同点是它们都能看到美丽的水景。故选C。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段的“therearethreeinfinitypools(无边泳池),pavilionswithwrap-aroundverandas,aRobertTrentJonesJr.golfcourse,alavishspawithsplendidwaterviews,andrichactivitiesareincluded(有三个无边泳池，亭子环绕阳台，RobertTrentJonesJr.高尔夫球场，一个豪华的水疗中心与壮丽的水景，和丰富的活动都包括在内)”可知，FourSeasonsResortNevis的独特之处是包括丰富的活动。故选B。BAsachild,LiuWenwendidn’tlikethesuona,a“loud”traditionalChinesemusicalinstrument,alsoanancestraltreasureofherfamilythatwastobecomehercareer.Liusaysshefeltashamed.Inthe1990s,peopleadmiredthingsthatweremodernandinternational.Thesuonawasconsideredoutofdate.Herfather’sfamilyhasperformedwiththesuonaforsevengenerations,whilethetraditiononhermother’ssideofthefamilycanbetracedbacktotheearlyQingDynasty.Despiteherunwillingness,shefollowedherparentstoplaythesuonaasearlyas3yearsold.Besidesit,LiuhasalsolearnedtraditionalChinesevocalmusicanddancing—skillsthathaveimprovedheroralmusclesandsenseofrhyme,helpingequiphertobeaprofessionalmusician.Itwasn’tuntil2008thatshefirstfoundsuonamusicbeautiful.ThatwaswhensheenteredtheShanghaiConservatoryofMusictolearntheinstrumentmoresystematicallyfromLiuYing,aprofessorandtopplayer.“Themusicplayedbytheprofessorisjustamazing,anddifferentfromwhatIhadheardbefore,”shesays.Shelovesexchangingideasaboutsuonaplayingtechniqueswithherstudents.“It’swonderfultoseetheyoungergenerationcarryingonthisculturaltradition.”LiuWenwensaidsheispleasedtoseethesuonaregainpopularityamongyoungpeople,sometimescombinedwithjazz,operaandotherartforms.Thishasstoppeditsdeclineinthe1990s.Hername,whenmentionedonChina’ssocialmediaplatforms,oftenisfollowedbyavideoofherliveperformanceataconcertinSydney,Australia.Westernerswereamazedbytheloud,unfamiliarinstrumentanditscolorfulmusic.“Ifeltmyhardworkhadpaidoff.Itrainedforover20years,probablyjusttowincheersandapplausefortraditionalChinesemusicontheinternationalstage”.4.WhaturgedLiuWenwentolearntoplaythesuona?A.Familytradition. B.Personalinterest.C.Herprofessor. D.Herambition.5.Apartfromdailytraining,whatdidLiudotobeaprofessionalmusician?A.Followherparentstoplaythesuona.B.Learnmusichistoryatanearlyage.C.Playthesuonawithherparentsonthestage.D.Betterheroralmusclesandsenseofrhyme.6.HowdidLiufirstfindsuonamusicbeautiful?A.BylearningfromthefamousprofessorLiu.B.ByvisitingShanghaiConservatoryofMusic.C.ByperformingthesuonamusicinSydney.D.Byhearingherfamilyplayingthesuona.7.WhatcanwelearnfromLiu’slastwordsinthelastparagraph?A.Shelearnedthevalueofherperformance.B.Sheearnedafortuneafter20years’training.C.Sheworkedhardandbecameaninternationalprofessor.D.Shesurprisedmanywesternerswithavideoofherperformance.【答案】4.A5.D6.A7.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了中国姑娘刘雯雯自幼学习吹唢呐的心路历程。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Herfather’sfamilyhasperformedwiththesuonaforsevengenerations,whilethetraditiononhermother’ssideofthefamilycanbetracedbacktotheearlyQingDynasty,Despiteherunwillingness,shefollowedherparentstoplaythesuonaasearlyas3yearsold.(她父亲的家族已经有七代人演奏过唢呐，而母亲家族的传统可以追溯到清初，尽管她不愿意，但她早在3岁时就跟随父母演奏了唢呐。)”可知，就家庭传统促使刘雯雯学习吹唢呐。故选A项。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Besidesit,LiuhasalsolearnedtraditionalChinesevocalmusicanddancing—skillsthathaveimprovedheroralmusclesandsenseofrhyme,helpingequiphertobeaprofessionalmusician.(除此之外，刘还学习了中国传统声乐和舞蹈，这些技能提高了她的口腔肌肉和韵律感，使她成为一名专业音乐家。)”可知，除了唢呐之外，刘雯雯还学习中国传统声乐和舞蹈来提高了她的口腔肌肉和韵律感，从而成为一名专业的音乐家。故选D项。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Itwasn’tuntil2008thatshefirstfoundsuonamusicbeautiful.ThatwaswhensheenteredtheShanghaiConservatoryofMusictolearntheinstrumentmoresystematicallyfromLiuYing,aprofessorandtopplayer.(直到2008年，她才第一次发现唢呐音乐很美。那时，她进入上海音乐学院，向教授、顶尖演奏家刘英更系统地学习乐器。)”可知，直到2008年，进入上海音乐学院向刘英教授系统地学习乐器，她才发现唢呐音乐的美妙。故选A项。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“Ifeltmyhardworkhadpaidoff.Itrainedforover20years,probablyjusttowincheersandapplausefortraditionalChinesemusicontheinternationalstage.(我觉得我的努力得到了回报。我训练了20多年，可能只是为了在国际舞台上为中国传统音乐赢得欢呼和掌声。)”可知，刘雯雯在国际舞台上为中国传统音乐赢得了喝彩与掌声，体现了刘雯雯内心对自己演奏的新认识，这是她演奏中国传统音乐的意义所在，说明她认识到自己表演的价值。。故选A项。CAir-conditioner’ssettingoftenformsthebasisofofficeargumentsbetweenwomenandmenregardingthe“correct”temperatureforittobeset.Andit’sacommondebatebetweencouples-theperfecttemperaturetokeepbothpartieswarmbutnothot.Researchdoesconsistentlyshowwomenpreferahigherindoortemperaturetomen.Butisthereanysciencebackingupthewidespreadbeliefthatwomen“feelthecold”morethanmen?Ataroundthesamebodyweight,womentendtohavelessmuscletoproduceheat.Womenalsohavemorefatbetweentheskinandthemuscles,sotheskinfeelscolder,asit’sslightlyfurtherawayfrombloodvessels.Womenalsotendtohavealowermetabolic(代谢)ratethanmen,whichreducesheatproductionduringcoldexposure,makingwomenmorelikelytofeelcoldasthetemperaturedrops.Thehormonesoestrogenandprogesterone(雌激素和孕激素),foundinlargequantitiesinwomen,contributetothecorebodyandskintemperatures.Oestrogendilates(扩张)bloodvesselsattheextremities.Thismeansmoreheatcanbelosttothesurroundingair.Andprogesteronecancausethevesselsintheskintonarrow,meaninglessbloodwillflowtosomeareastokeeptheinnerorganswarmer,leavingwomenfeelingcooler.Sohowdoweagreeontheidealtemperature?The“Scandinaviansleepmethod”,wherecouplessleepwithseparateblankets,isonewaytoovercomethedifferencesintemperaturepreferences.Intheworkplace,personalcomfortsystemsareheatsystemsthatcanbelocallypositionedinindividualworkstationssuchasdesktops,chairs,ornearthefeetandlegs.Examplesincludesmalldeskfans,heatedchairsandblankets,orfoot-warmers.Thesesystemsprovideindividualisedcomforttomeetpersonalneedswithoutaffectingothersinthesamespace,andhavebeenfoundtoproducehighercomfortandsatisfactionintheworkplace.Theymayalsobeanenergy-efficientmethodtobalancewarmthandhealthinofficeenvironments.8.Whatmayhappentomenandwomenofthesameweight?A.Menmaybemuchstrongerthanwomen. B.Menmayhavemorefatthanwomen.C.Womenmayfeelcolderthanmen. D.Womenmayproducemoreheatthanmen.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“backingup”inParagraph1mean?A.Lacking. B.Denying. C.Supporting. D.Promoting.10.Howdoesthefourthparagraphdevelop?A.Bygivingexamples. B.Bylistingreasons.C.Bysolvingproblems. D.Bymakingcomparisons.11.Whichofthefollowingcanhelpcreateacomfortableworkplacewithoutbotheringothers?A.Usingapersonalheater. B.Movingintoawarmoffice.C.Applyinganewheatingsystem. D.Askingforanextraindividualroom.【答案】8.C9.C10.B11.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要分析女性比男性更“感觉寒冷”的原因。【8题详解】推理判断题。由文章第二段“Ataroundthesamebodyweight,womentendtohavelessmuscletoproduceheat.Womenalsohavemorefatbetweentheskinandthemuscles,sotheskinfeelscolder,asit’sslightlyfurtherawayfrombloodvessels.(在相同体重的情况下，女性产生热量的肌肉往往较少。女性在皮肤和肌肉之间也有更多的脂肪，所以皮肤感觉更冷，因为它离血管稍微远一些。)”可知，相同体重下，女人可能会觉得比男人更冷。故选C。【9题详解】词句猜测题。根据第一段“isthereanyscience(有没有科学依据)”和“thewidespreadbeliefthatwomen“feelthecold”morethanmen(人们普遍认为女性比男性更“感觉寒冷”)”可知，这句话表示有没有科学依据来支持女性比男性更“感觉寒冷”这一种看法，因此划线短语backingup的意思是“支持”，和Supporting意思相近，故选C。【10题详解】推理判断题。由文章第四段“Thehormonesoestrogenandprogesterone(雌激素和孕激素),foundinlargequantitiesinwomen,contributetothecorebodyandskintemperatures.Oestrogendilates(扩张)bloodvesselsattheextremities.Thismeansmoreheatcanbelosttothesurroundingair.Andprogesteronecancausethevesselsintheskintonarrow,meaninglessbloodwillflowtosomeareastokeeptheinnerorganswarmer,leavingwomenfeelingcooler.(女性体内大量存在的雌激素和黄体酮会影响身体和皮肤的温度。雌激素扩张四肢的血管。这意味着更多的热量会散失到周围的空气中。黄体酮会导致皮肤血管变窄，这意味着流向某些区域的血液会减少，从而使女性感到凉冷。)”可知，第四段主要通过列举女性感觉更冷的原因来展开的。故选B。【11题详解】细节理解题。由最后一段“Intheworkplace,personalcomfortsystemsareheatsystemsthatcanbelocallypositionedinindividualworkstationssuchasdesktops,chairs,ornearthefeetandlegs.Examplesincludesmalldeskfans,heatedchairsandblankets,orfoot-warmers.Thesesystemsprovideindividualisedcomforttomeetpersonalneedswithoutaffectingothersinthesamespace,andhavebeenfoundtoproducehighercomfortandsatisfactionintheworkplace.(在工作场所，个人舒适系统是一种加热系统，可以局部放置在个人工作站，如桌面、椅子或脚和腿附近。例子包括小桌面风扇，加热椅子和毯子，或暖脚器。这些系统提供个性化的舒适，以满足个人需求，而不会影响到同一空间中的其他人，并且已经发现在工作场所产生更高的舒适度和满意度。)”可知，使用个人加热器能帮助创造一个舒适的工作场所而不打扰他人。故选A。DEveryfewyears,snowshoehare(白靴兔)numbersintheCanadianYukonclimbtoapeak.Asharepopulationsincrease,sodothoseoftheirpredators(捕食者):lynxesandcoyotes.Thenharepopulationsfallandtheirpredatorsstarttodieoff.Thecycleisafamousphenomenonamongecologistsandhasbeenstudiedsincethe1920s.Inrecentyears,though,researchershavefoundharenumbersfallfromtheirpeaknotjustbecausepredatorseattoomanyofthem.Long-lastingstressfromlivingsurroundedbykillerscausesmotherharestoeatlessfoodandbearfewerbabies.Thetrauma(创伤)oflivingthroughsuchthreatscauseslastingchangesinbrainchemistry,keepingtheharesfromreproducingatnormallevels.Andit’snotjustsnowshoehares,asbehavioralecologistsLianaZanetteandMichaelClinchy,whostudywhattheycalltheecologyoffear,haveshown.They’vefoundthatfearofpredatorscancauseotherwildmammals(哺乳动物)andsongbirdstobearandraisefeweryoung.Theoffspringoffrightenedvolesandsongsparrowsarelesslikelytosucceedinreproducing.Thesefindingsaddtoagrowingbodyofevidenceshowingthatfearfulexperiencescanhavelong-lastingeffectsonwildlifeandsuggestingthatpost-traumaticstressdisorder(PTSD)isnotonlyuniquetohumans,butsharedamongothercreatures.RudyBoonstra,apopulationecologistattheUniversityofToronto,seestheresponseofsnowshoeharesasanadaptationthatallowstheanimalstomakethebestofabadsituation.Animalsstressedbymanypredatorsspendmoretimehidingandlesstimefeeding,sotheyproducefeweryoungbutthatmayallowmoreadultharestosurvivetorebuildthepopulationwhenthecyclestartsagain.Despitetheevidencethatawiderangeofanimalsexperiencethelong-termimpactsofextremestress,somepsychologistsstillholdtheirhuman-centric(以人为本的)viewofPTSD.“Itisdefinedintermsofhumanresponses,”saysneurobiologistDavidDiamond.“Thereisnobiologicalmeasure-youcan’tgetabloodtestthatsayssomeonehasPTSD.Thisisapsychologicaldisease,andthat’swhyIcallitahumandisorder.Becausearatcan’ttellyouhowitfeels.”12.Whatdidresearchersfindaboutsnowshoehareslately?A.Theirpredatorsareindangerofdyingout.B.Theirnumbersdeclinepartlybecauseofstress.C.Theirsafetyisthreatenedbylynxesandcoyotes.D.Theirpopulationsriseandfalleveryfewyears.13.WhichofthefollowingwouldZanetteandClinchyagreewith?A.PTSDexistsamongwildanimals.B.Itishardforanimalstoremembertrauma.C.Snowshoeharessuffermorethanothermammals.D.Birdsattractfewerpredatorsthanlandanimalsdo.14.WhatdoesDiamondexpressinthelastparagraph?A.PTSDisauniquelyhumanproblem. B.Bloodtestshelpidentifyanimals’PTSI.C.PTSDisanormaladaptiveresponse. D.MoreanimalsaresufferingfromPTSD15.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.ThePopulationofSnowshoeHaresIsIncreasingSharplyB.Post-traumaticStressDisorderProtectsSnowshoeHaresC.Post-traumaticStressDisorderMayNotBeUniquetoHumansD.TheProtectionofSnowshoeHaresIsUrgent【答案】12.B13.A14.A15.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲的是最新研究发现，一些动物因长期遭受天敌的追杀而会出现创伤后应激障碍。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Long-lastingstressfromlivingsurroundedbykillerscausesmotherharestoeatlessfoodandbearfewerbabies.(生活在杀手周围的长期压力导致母兔吃得更少，生的孩子更少。)”可知，白靴兔数量下降的部分原因是由于压力。故选B。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“Andit’snotjustsnowshoehares,asbehavioralecologistsLianaZanetteandMichaelClinchy,whostudywhattheycalltheecologyoffear,haveshown.(行为生态学家LianaZanette和MichaelClinchy研究了他们所谓的恐惧生态学已经表明，不仅仅是白靴兔)”以及末句“Thesefindingsaddtoagrowingbodyofevidenceshowingthatfearfulexperiencescanhavelong-lastingeffectsonwildlifeandsuggestingthatpost-traumaticstressdisorder(PTSD)isnotonlyuniquetohumans,butsharedamongothercreatures.(这些发现增加了越来越多的证据，表明恐惧经历会对野生动物产生长期影响，并表明创伤后应激障碍PTSD不仅是人类独有的，而且是其他生物共有的。)”可知，Zanette和Clinchy都认为创伤后应激障碍在野生动物中也很常见。故选A。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Despitetheevidencethatawiderangeofanimalsexperiencethelong-termimpactsofextremestress,somepsychologistsstillholdtheirhuman-centric(以人为本的)viewofPTSD.“Itisdefinedintermsofhumanresponses,”saysneurobiologistDavidDiamond.(尽管有证据表明，许多动物都经历了极端压力的长期影响，但一些心理学家仍然坚持以人为中心的PTSD观点。“这是根据人类的反应来定义的，”神经生物学家DavidDiamond说。)”可知，Diamond认为创伤后应激障碍是人类特有的问题，故选A。【15题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第三段“Thesefindingsaddtoagrowingbodyofevidenceshowingthatfearfulexperiencescanhavelong-lastingeffectsonwildlifeandsuggestingthatpost-traumaticstressdisorder(PTSD)isnotonlyuniquetohumans,butsharedamongothercreatures.(这些发现增加了越来越多的证据，表明恐惧经历会对野生动物产生长期影响，并表明创伤后应激障碍PTSD不仅是人类独有的，而且是其他生物共有的。)”可知，主要讲的是最新研究发现，一些动物因长期遭受天敌的追杀而会出现创伤后应激障碍，因此最好的题目是C选项“Post-traumaticStressDisorderMayNotBeUniquetoHumans(创伤后应激障碍可能不是人类独有的)”。故选C。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。Whenyouthinkofhowmuchyoudowithyourhandsallday,frommakingyourselffriedeggsinthemorningtofoldinglaundryintheevening,itbecomesclearhowvitalskillfulnessistodailylife._____16_____Youneedittoplaysports,forexample,orusearemoteoravideogamecontroller.Forsomespecifictipsonimprovingskillfulness,weturnedtoapersonaltrainerAbdiasRojas.Hesaid,“therearesomanymovementsyoucandotoactuallyimprovenotjustthestrengthofyourhandsbutalsoflexibilityinyourhands.”_____17_____Putrubberbandsonyourfingers,thenexpandandcontractthem.Thiswillcontributetomyofascial(肌筋膜的)releaseandgettingyourhandstofeelmorecomfortable.Togetabettersenseofhowmuchpressureyoushouldapplywhentouchingthings,dohandexerciseinsand._____18_____Butwhenyoudohandexerciseinsideofasandbox,putyourhandsinaboxofsand,youcanliterallylearntosqueezethesandandunderstandwhichjointorwhichfingerisgivingmoregivingmorepressureorlesspressure._____19_____Practiceleaningintothemwithyourpalmdownonthefloor.Then,practiceleaningintothemwiththebacksofyourhandsonthefloor,rollingonthem,likeputtingweightonandtakingweightoffthewrist.Finally,tryseatedeccentric(偏心的)wristextension.Situprightwithanarmonatable,holdingadumbbellwithyourhandhangingofftheedgeandyourpalmfacingdown.Useyourotherhandtocurlyourwristup,lowerit,andrepeat._____20_____Don’toverlookthevalueofoverallbodyhealthwhenitcomestoimprovingskillfulness,either.Rojaspointedoutthatwithouttheoptimalgross(最佳的粗肌)andfinemotorskills,whichmakeuptheskillfulnessofourhands,wewouldbeunabletoperformdailytasks.A.Itsoundsstrange.B.Moreover,ithelpsyouhavefun,too.C.Herearetheonesthatherecommended.D.Tostrengthenyourwrists,dowristmobilitydrills.E.Dothisinsetsoftwowith20repetitionseach,everyday.F.Tostrengthenyoursensationoftouch,avoidworkingoutwithgloves.G.Tostartwiththebasics,flexibilityistheskillofperformingtasks,particularlywithyourhands.【答案】16.B17.C18.A19.D20.E【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了提高手灵活性的锻炼方法和注意事项。【16题详解】根据空前“Whenyouthinkofhowmuchyoudowithyourhandsallday,frommakingyourselffriedeggsinthemorningtofoldinglaundryintheevening,itbecomesclearhowvitalskillfulnessistodailylife.(当你想到你整天用手做了多少事情，从早上自己煎鸡蛋到晚上叠衣服，你就会清楚地知道技巧对日常生活是多么重要)”可知，手的灵活性对日常生活很重要。根据空后“Youneedittoplaysports,forexample,orusearemoteoravideogamecontroller.(例如，你需要它来进行体育运动，或者使用遥控器或视频游戏控制器)”可知，此处通过举例来说明手的灵活性也能帮助我们获得乐趣，空处承上启下，所以空处应该讲的是手指灵活性可以给我们带来乐趣这一事实，B项Moreover,ithelpsyouhavefun,too.(此外，它也能让你玩得开心)指出手指的灵活性可以让我们获得乐趣，承接上文，引出下文，而且B项中的it指代上文的skillfulness，Moreover与上文构成递进关系，符合上下文语境。故选B项。【17题详解】根据上文“Forsomespecifictipsonimprovingskillfulness,weturnedtoapersonaltrainerAbdiasRojas.Hesaid,“therearesomanymovementsyoucandotoactuallyimprovenotjustthestrengthofyourhandsbutalsoflexibilityinyourhands.(为了获得一些提高技巧的具体建议，我们请教了私人教练AbdiasRojas。他说：“你可以做很多动作，不仅可以提高双手的力量，还可以提高双手的灵活性)”可知，此处讲的是向私人教练AbdiasRojas请教一些增强灵活性的建议。根据下文“Putrubberbandsonyourfingers,thenexpandandcontractthem.(把橡皮筋套在手指上，然后伸展和收缩)”可知，下文列举了私人教练AbdiasRojas所给出的各项建议，空处承上启下，所以空处应该讲的是这里有一些具体的建议可以参考，C选项Herearetheonesthatherecommended.(以下是他们推荐的)指出有一些建议可以参考，承接上文，引出下文，符合上下文语境。故选C项。【18题详解】根据上文“Togetabettersenseofhowmuchpressureyoushouldapplywhentouchingthings,dohandexerciseinsand.(为了更好地了解触摸东西时应该施加多大的压力，可以在沙子中进行手部练习)”可知，此处讲的我们可以通过在沙子中进行练习来了解触摸东西时我们所应该施加的压力。根据下文“Butwhenyoudohandexerciseinsideofasandbox,putyourhandsinaboxofsand,youcanliterallylearntosqueezethesandandunderstandwhichjointorwhichfingerisgivingmorepressureorlesspressure.(但是当你在沙箱里做手部练习时，把你的手放在沙箱里，你可以真正地学会挤压沙子，并了解哪个关节或哪个手指施加的压力更大或更小)”可知，此处解释了我们要在沙子里进行手部的练习的原因，空处承上启下，所以空处应该讲的是在沙子里进行手部练习可能让我们感到不解，A选项Itsoundsstrange.(这听起来很奇怪)承接上文，引出下文，而且A项的it指代上文的dohandexerciseinsand这一做法，符合上下文语境。故选A项。【19题详解】空处位于段首，应是本段的段首句。根据空后“Practiceleaningintothemwithyourpalmdownonthefloor.Then,practiceleaningintothemwiththebacksofyourhandsonthefloor,rollingonthem,likeputtingweightonandtakingweightoffthewrist.(练习身体前倾，手掌朝下放在地板上。然后，练习俯身，手背放在地板上，在上面滚动，就像增加重量和减轻手腕重量一样)”可知，本段主要阐述的是为了加强手腕，可以做手腕移动练习，D项Tostrengthenyourwrists,dowristmobilitydrills.(为了加强你的手腕，做手腕活动练习)指出要通过手腕移动练习来增强手腕的力量，概括全段，符合上下文语境。故选D项。【20题详解】根据上文“Finally,tryseatedeccentric(偏心的)wristextension.Situprightwithanarmonatable,holdingadumbbellwithyourhandhangingofftheedgeandyourpalmfacingdown.Useyourotherhandtocurlyourwristup,lowerit,andrepeat.(最后，尝试坐姿偏心的手腕伸展。坐直，一只手臂放在桌子上，拿着哑铃，手垂在哑铃边缘，手掌朝下。用另一只手把手腕向上弯曲，放下，然后重复)”可知，此处的建议是尝试坐姿偏心伸展手腕以及其具体做法，所以接下来应该讲述这个动作锻炼的强度。E项Dothisinsetsoftwowith20repetitionseach,everyday.(每天做两组，每组20次)指出训练的强度是多少，符合上下文语境。故选E项。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Perseveranceiswhathelpsuspersistthroughchallengesanddifficultieswithdeterminationandresilience.Itisthis___21___thatoftenseparatessuccessfulpeoplefromthosewhogiveupatthefirstsignoftrouble.IrememberatimewhenI___22___withtheconceptofperseverance.ItwasduringmyfirstyearofuniversitywhenI___23___adifficultcourseinmymajor.Ihadalwaysbeenagoodstudentandhadneverhadtroublewithmyacademicsbefore.However,this___24___seemedimpossibletome.Thematerialwaschallenging,andIdidn’t___25___itasquicklyasIhopedto.Ialmostgaveup.Iconsideredchangingmymajorandevendroppingoutofcollegealtogether.Yet,Ihadalongconversationwithmyprofessor,duringwhichhetoldmethateveryonestruggleswithsomethingatcertain___26___intheirlife.Heinspiredmetotrudge(跋涉)throughthedifficultiesandtokeep___27___becausesuccessonlycomestothosewhonevergiveup.Itookhisadviceanddecidedtokeeppushingmyself___28___mydoubts.I___29___everyclass,readeachbook,andstudiedlateatnight.Itwasn’teasyforsure,Ipersevered,___30___.Andintheend,Iwasabletopassthecourseand___31___inmymajor.Thatexperiencetaughtmethe___32___ofperseverance.It’snot