湖南省部分学校2023-2024学年高一上学期期末联考英语试题

英语注意事项：1.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例:Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C。1.Whatisthewomandoing?A.Daydreaming.B.Makingatravelplan.C.Describingherdreamjob.2.Whosespiritisworthylearningaccordingtotheman’swords?A.Thewoman’s.B.Theman’s.C.Sam’s.3Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Theman’suncle.B.Ananimal.C.Agoodluck.4.Whatdoesthewomandislike?A.Thesoupmadebyhermother.B.Thefriedricemadebyhermother.C.Thedumplingsmadebyherfather.5.WhatdoesthemarlwantLilytodo?A.Finishanartassignment.B.MakeacardforMary.C.Prepareforanexam.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Onthephone.B.Atthecinema.C.Inacar.7.Whatkindofmoviedothespeakersdecidetosee?A.Anactionmovie.B.Acartoonmovie.C.Aedy.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Brotherandsister.B.Auntandnephew.C.Motherandson.9.Howoldistheman’smothernow?A.55yearsold.B.56yearsold.C.57yearsold.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Whydoesthewomandothepresentjob?A.Shelivesnearherworkplace.B.Herpanypaysverywell.C.Shecanlearnsomeskills.11.Whichstrangejobdoesthewomanprefer?A.Ahoteltestsleeper.B.Anicecreamtaster.C.Adogfoodtaster.12.Howmanystrangejobsdoesthemanmention?A.Four.B.Five.C.Six.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.Whatdidthewomandowiththethief?A.Shepretendednottoseehim.B.Shefoughtwithhim.C.Shedidasheasked.14.Whatdidthethiefsteal?A.Anecklace.B.Somemoney.C.Nothing.15.Whatdoesthemanadvisethewomantodo?A.Fitahomealarmsystem.B.Callthepolice.C.Keepadog.16.Whatdoesthemansayaboutthewoman?A.Sheispuzzled.B.Sheisbrave.C.Sheisfrightened.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.WheredidGeorgeparkhiscar?A.Atasquare.B.Ataparkinglot.C.Onanarrowstreet.18.Whatwasthetimewhenhegotoutofhiscar?A.At4:20pm.B.At4:40pm.C.At5:00pm.19.WheredidGeorgeputhiskeys?A.Inhispocket.B.Inhiscar.C.Onthebench.20WhywasGeorgeunabletoseehiscaratfirst?A.Someonestoleit.B.Itwasbehindanothercar.C.Hewenttoawrongplace.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AParis,thecapitalofFrance,hassomeattractivebridges.ThesearefourofthemostbeautifulbridgesinParis:someiniconic(标志性的)placesyou’veseeninthemovies,andothersinquietplacesthatyou’lldelightindiscovering.PontdesArtsConnectingtheLouvreMuseumtotheInstitutdeFrance,thePontdesArts,firstbuiltbyNapoleonBonapartein1804andreconstructedinthe1970s,isabridgeonlyforpeoplewalkingthatisbelovedbytouristsandlocalsalike.Inthespringandsummermonths,ParisiansandvisitorsehereforlazypicnicsoverlookingtheSeine.PontMarleThislovelybutlittleknownbridgeisagatewaybetweentheMaraisdistrictontherightbankandanaturalislandontheSeineRiver.Thecurrentstonestructuredatestoaround1670,followingafireonitswoodenstructurethatdestroyedmuchoftheoriginalbridgeandthehousesthatoncestoodonit.Ithasremainedmuchthesamesincethe18thcentury,makingitoneofParis’oldestbridges.PontAlexandreⅢThePontAlexandreⅢisprobablythemostattractiveofParis’manybridges.Builtbetween1896and1900,itconnectsthedesInvalideswiththegardensofthePetitPalais.It’safterdarkthatyoucanbestappreciateitsdelicatestatuesandotherdecorativeelements.PontNeufFirstbuiltin1578byKingHenryⅢ,PontNeufhasseennumerousreconstructionsandchangesoverthecenturies.ButitconservesitsRomaninspiredarch(拱形)structures.Thisisalovelybridgethatofferseasyandpicturesqueaccesstotheleftandrightbank.Havesomeicecream,explorethelovelyriversidepathsandenjoyviewsofNotreDameCathedral.1.WhatisspecialaboutthePontdesArts?A.Ithasbeenrebuiltmanytimes. B.ItisoneofParis’oldestbridges.C.Itisabridgeonlyforpeoplewalking. D.ItisthemostattractivebridgeinParis.2.Whichistheoldestamongthefourbridges?A.PontdesArts. B.PontMarie.C.PontAlexandreⅢ D.PontNeuf.3.Whereisthetextprobablyfrom?A.Aguidebook. B.Ahealthmagazine.C.Anewsreport. D.Abookreview.【答案】1.C2.D3.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了法国首都巴黎有一些很有吸引力的桥梁。【1题详解】细节理解题。文章PontdesArts段讲到“ConnectingtheLouvreMuseumtotheInstitutdeFrance,thePontdesArts,firstbuiltbyNapoleonBonapartein1804and

reconstructedinthe1970s,isabridgeonlyforpeoplewalkingthatisbelovedbytouristsandlocalsalike.(连接卢浮宫和法兰西学院的艺术桥(PontdesArts)是1804年由拿破仑·波拿巴(NapoleonBonaparte)建造的，在20世纪70年代重建，是一座仅供行人行走的桥，受到游客和当地人的喜爱。)”可知，艺术桥的特别之处是这是一座供人行走的桥。故选C。【2题详解】细节理解题。文章PontdesArts部分讲到“firstbuiltbyNapoleonBonapartein1804(1804年由拿破仑·波拿巴首次建造)”、PontMarie.部分讲到“Thecurrentstonestructuredatestoaround1670(目前的石头结构可以追溯到1670年左右)”、PontAlexandreⅢ部分讲到“Builtbetween1896and1900(建于1896年至1900年)”以及PontNeuf部分讲到“Firstbuiltin1578byKingHenryⅢ(始建于1578年，由国王亨利三世建造)”可知，四座桥中最古老的是PontNeuf。故选D。【3题详解】推理判断题。文章第一段讲到“Paris,thecapitalofFrance,hassomeattractivebridges.ThesearefourofthemostbeautifulbridgesinParis:someiniconic(标志性的)placesyou’veseeninthemovies,andothersinquietplacesthatyou’lldelightindiscovering.(法国首都巴黎有一些很有吸引力的桥梁。这是巴黎最美丽的四座桥：一些在你在电影中看到的标志性地方，另一些在你乐于发现的安静地方。)”可知，本文大概出自一本指南。故选A。BEverydayJuanitaMengel,a67yearoldwomanfromthestateofOhio,wakesupandputsonherprosthetic(假体的)leg.Then,MengeldoesthesameforLolaPearl,herfiveyearoldcat.LolaPearlalsomissedherbackleftleg.Mengelhasmanycats.Mostofthemhavedisabilities.ButLolaPearlisspecial.Sheisatherapy(治疗)cat.And,sheandMengelarepartnersofakind.Theyareamong200therapycatteamsregisteredintheUnitedStatesbythenonprofitgroup,PetPartners.Thegrouphelpshumansandpetsalikebysettingthemupintoteamstoprovideanimalassisted(帮助)therapy.Theteamsvisithospitals,nursinghomesandschoolsandassistthoseinneed.Besidesdogsandcats,PetPartnersregistersotherspeciesastherapyanimals,includinghorses,rabbits,rats,guineapigs,birdsandminipigs.TaylorGriffinisnationaldirectoratPetPartners.Shesaid,“Therapyanimalsareanimalswho’vebeengaugedwhethertheyaresuitableforassistingsomepeople,andarebasedontheirabilitytomeetnewpeopleandenjoytheprocess.”MengelsaidLolaPearlshowedsignsthatshewouldmakeagoodtherapycatsoonaftertheanimaljoinedherfamily.“Ijustknewshewouldbeagoodtherapybecauseshewassogoodwithpeople.Peoplereallywereattractedtoher,too,”Mengelsaid.Mengelwasatravelingnursewhenshewasinacaraccidentthatalmostkilledher.Oneofherlegscouldnotbesaved.Later,sheconnectedwithafriendinthestateofMissouriwhohadaseverelyinjuredkitten.Thecat’slegsweretwistedtogether.Ananimalmedicalspecialistworkedtorepairthedamage,butintheend,theyhadtoremoveoneofthebabycat’slegs.ThatkittenwasLolaPearl.MengeltookLolaPearlashercataftertalkingwithherfriend.DespitethedifficultiesMengelhasfaced,sheisgratefultoLolaPearlandtheirworkinPetPartners.“It’sareallyrewardingexperience,”shesaid.“IgetjustasmuchoutofitasthepeoplethatIvisit.”4.WhatcanweknowaboutPetPartners?A.Itmainlyprovidesanimalassistedtherapy. B.ItisanonprofitgroupfoundedbyTaylorGriffin.C.Itonlyoffershelptopatientsinhospitals. D.Itdoesn’tregisterbirdsastherapyanimals.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“gauged”meaninparagraph4?A.Guessed. B.Designed. C.Explained. D.Measured.6.HowdidJuanitaMengelgettoknowLolaPearl?A.ByworkinginPetPartners. B.Throughoneofherfriends.C.ByrepairingLolaPearl’sleg. D.ThroughmovingtoMissouri.7.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeJuanitaMengel?A.Optimisticandhelpful. B.Proudandhumorous.C.Talkativeandthoughtful. D.Honestandtalented.【答案】4.A5.D6.B7.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了非营利组织PetPartners通过将人类和宠物组成团队提供动物援助，来自俄亥俄州的JuanitaMengel与治疗猫LolaPearl成为伙伴，从中受益。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Thegrouphelpshumansandpetsalikebysettingthemupintoteamstoprovideanimalassisted(帮助)therapy.(该组织通过组建团队提供动物辅助治疗来帮助人类和宠物)”可知，PetPartners这一组织主要提供动物辅助治疗。故选A。【5题详解】词句猜测题。根据第四段“Shesaid,“Therapyanimalsareanimalswho’vebeengaugedwhethertheyaresuitableforassistingsomepeople,andarebasedontheirabilitytomeetnewpeopleandenjoytheprocess.”(她说：“治疗动物是经过gauged它们是否是适合帮助一些人的动物，这是基于它们结识新朋友和享受这个过程的能力。”)”可知，基于它们结识新朋友和享受这个过程的能力，治疗动物需要被衡量它们是否适合帮助人，推测划线单词表示“衡量”，与measured同义。故选D。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据第六段“Mengelwasatravelingnursewhenshewasinacaraccidentthatalmostkilledher.Oneofherlegscouldnotbesaved.Later,sheconnectedwithafriendinthestateofMissouriwhohadaseverelyinjuredkitten.Thecat’slegsweretwistedtogether.Ananimalmedicalspecialistworkedtorepairthedamage,butintheend,theyhadtoremoveoneofthebabycat’slegs.ThatkittenwasLolaPearl.(Mengel是一名旅行护士，她遭遇了一场差点丧命的车祸。她的一条腿无法挽救。后来，她与密苏里州的一位朋友取得了联系，这位朋友养了一只严重受伤的小猫。猫的腿扭在一起了。一位动物医学专家努力修复损伤，但最终，他们不得不切除这只小猫的一条腿。那只小猫叫LolaPearl)”可知，JuanitaMengel是通过密苏里州的一位朋友认识LolaPearl的。故选B。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“Theteamsvisithospitals,nursinghomesandschoolsandassistthoseinneed.(这些团队访问医院、疗养院和学校，并帮助那些需要帮助的人)”以及第七段“DespitethedifficultiesMengelhasfaced,sheisgratefultoLolaPearlandtheirworkinPetPartners.(尽管Mengel遇到了困难，但她还是感谢LolaPearl和它们在PetPartners中的工作)”可知，JuanitaMengel与自己的治疗动物团队去帮助那些需要帮助的人，在自己遇到困难时仍然感激治疗猫和他人所做的工作，可推测JuanitaMengel是乐观且乐于助人的。故选A。CRhoughtemperaturerecordsfromDecemberhaveyettobefinalized,climatescientistsattheNationalOceanicandAtmosphericAdministrationhavefoundthere’samorethan99%chancethat2023willhavethehottestrecordedglobalaveragetemperature,beatingout2016,thepreviousleader.Theyearwillbethehottestin174yearsofsecondkeepingwherehumanshavedirectlymeasuredthetemperatureoftheplanet.It’salsolikelytobethehottestinthelast125,000years,whichscientistsmeasurebyrebuildingtemperaturerecordsfromphysicalevidenceliketreeringsandlayersofpolaricethathavegrownovertime.TherecordbreakingyearcausedfuelclimatedrivendisastersaroundtheglobefromextremeheatthathitArizonaforweekstofloodsinLibyaandrecordhotoceansthatcausedcoraltobleach(变白)offFlorida.Scientistssaytheextremetemperaturesareinlinewithforecasts(预测)forhowtheplanetwillcontinuetowarm.Thebiggestdriveroftheheatisthebuildupofgreenhousegasesintheatmosphere(大气层)fromburningfossilfuels(化石燃料).“Weknowwhythisishappening,”saysZekeHausfather,climatescientistatBerkeleyEarth,anonprofitorganizationthatstudiesclimatetrends.“Ayearlikethiswouldnothaveoccurredwithoutthetrilliontonsofcarbonwe’veputintotheatmosphereoverthelastcentury.”Evenwiththecharttoppingheatthisyear,nextyearcouldbeequallyashot.AstrongElNinohasalreadybegun,whereoceantemperatureswarmupintheeasternPacific.ElNinoyearsaretypicallyhotter,becausealargeamountofheatthat’sstoredintheoceanissenttotheatmosphere.“There’sabsolutelystilltimetoact,”anexpertsays.“Everythingwedotochangecoursetodaywillmakethingsbetterinthefuture.”8.Whatcanbeinferredfromparagraph1?A.2016islikelytohavethehottestglobaltemperature.B.Thetemperaturerecordsof2023havebeenfinished.C.Humansbegantodirectlymeasureglobaltemperature174yearsago.D.Treeringsarebadforrecordingtemperature.9.Whatisthemainreasonfortherecordbreakingheat?A.Thelackoffossilfuels. B.Theincreaseofgreenhousegases.C.Coralsbleachedintheocean. D.Driversputtingmuchwasteintotheair.10.Whycouldthenextyearbeequallyhotaccordingtothetext?A.ElNiñotendstocooldowntheatmosphere.B.OceanpollutionleadstoawarmingPacific.C.AstrongElNiñohasbeguninthewesternPacific.D.Alotofheatstoredintheoceangoesintotheatmosphere.11.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.2023HasSufferedfromaStrongElNinoB.2023MayBetheHottestYearonRecordC.ClimatedrivenDisastersInfluenceDailyLifeD.TheOceanPlaysaKeyRoleinCoolingEarth【答案】8.C9.B10.D11.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了美国国家海洋和大气管理局的气候科学家发现2023年有99%以上的可能性将成为有记录以来最热的一年。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Theyearwillbethehottestin174yearsofsecondkeepingwherehumanshavedirectlymeasuredthetemperatureoftheplanet.(这一年将是人类直接测量地球温度的174年来最热的一年.)”可知，人类直接测量地球温度已有174年，即174年前，人类开始直接测量全球温度。故选C。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Scientistssaytheextremetemperaturesareinlinewithforecasts(预测)forhowtheplanetwillcontinuetowarm.Thebiggestdriveroftheheatisthebuildupofgreenhousegasesintheatmosphere(大气层)fromburningfossilfuels(化石燃料).(科学家表示，极端温度与地球将如何持续变暖的预测一致。热量的最大驱动力是燃烧化石燃料在大气层中积聚的温室气体。)”可知，创纪录的高温出现的主要原因是燃烧化石燃料在大气中积聚的温室气体，即温室气体的增加。故选B。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“Evenwiththecharttoppingheatthisyear,nextyearcouldbeequallyashot.AstrongElNinohasalreadybegun,whereoceantemperatureswarmupintheeasternPacific.ElNinoyearsaretypicallyhotter,becausealargeamountofheatthat’sstoredintheoceanissenttotheatmosphere.(即使今年的热度高居榜首，明年也可能同样热。强烈的厄尔尼诺现象已经开始，东太平洋的海洋温度上升。厄尔尼诺年通常更热，因为储存在海洋中的大量热量被输送到大气中。)”可知，推测明年可能同样热是因为厄尔尼诺现象已经出现，储存在海洋中的大量热量会被输送到大气中。故选D。【11题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“RhoughtemperaturerecordsfromDecemberhaveyettobefinalized,climatescientistsattheNationalOceanicandAtmosphericAdministrationhavefoundthere’samorethan99%chancethat2023willhavethehottestrecordedglobalaveragetemperature,beatingout2016,thepreviousleader.Theyearwillbethehottestin174yearsofsecondkeepingwherehumanshavedirectlymeasuredthetemperatureoftheplanet.(12月的Rhough温度记录尚未最终确定，美国国家海洋和大气管理局的气候科学家发现2023年有99%以上的可能性将成为有记录以来最热的全球平均温度，击败之前的领先者2016年。这一年将是人类直接测量地球温度的174年来最热的一年。)”以及文章内容可知，本文主要介绍了美国国家海洋和大气管理局的气候科学家发现2023年有99%以上的可能性将成为有记录以来最热的一年，所以“2023年可能是有记录以来最热的一年”适合作为文章标题。故选B。DSusanRingwoodgreetsallguestswithasimpleinvitation:tojoinherinswimmingincoldwaterintheswimmingpool.Herofferisn’tlimitedtothesummermonths,either.RingwoodandherhusbandGaryswimincoldwaterintheswimmingpoolallyearround.“Tome,it’snotjustaboutswimming.It’sauniqueexperience,”shesays.Ringwoodsimplycallsherhobby“swimming”,butsomewinterfanshavebeguntopromotecoldwaterswimmingasatreatmenttoavarietyofdiseases.Whilecoldwaterswimmingisanewfoundpassion,scientistssaythatthere’snotmuchevidencesupportingtheclaimsofthesehealthbenefits.Noristheactivitywithoutrisk.“Extremetemperaturechangescanpotentiallycauseheartattacks,evendeath,”saysFrancoisHaman,ascientistattheUniversityofOttawainCanada.Whenyourbodymeetscoldwater,itcanbeshocking.Scientistscallthisthe“coldshock”response(反应).Whenyourskinsensesthefreezingwater,itcausesyoutotakeaquickdeepbreathforairandyourheartratetorisequicklytoaveryhighlevel,whichleadstoanincreaseinheartrateandbloodpressure.Hamansaysthatbeingincoldwaterismoredangerousthanincoldair.Waterconductsheatmuchmoreeffectivelythanair,meaningthatitcandrawtheheatfromyourbodymorequicklyandefficiently.Forthosenewtothesport,Hamansuggestsstartingslowly,gettingusedtocolderwaterduringthefall,especiallypayingattentiontosafety.Accordingtosupporters,coldwaterswimmingcanimprovehealthandimmunity(免疫力),andhelprelievepain.Butwhilethereissomepreviousscientificresearchtobackuptheseclaims,DenisBlondin,aprofessorattheUniversityofSherbrookeinQuebec,saysthatmanyofthesestudiesincludedonlyasmallnumberofpeopletakingpartinsurveywhoweremainlyyoungmenfromEuropeancountries,whichlimitswhatscientistscansaymorebroadlyandinotherpopulations.12.WhydoestheauthortellRingwood’sstory?A.Toattractvisitorstoswimming. B.TocallongueststojoinRingwood.C.Tostressthebenefitsofswimming. D.Tointroducethetopicofcoldwaterswimming.13.Whatisparagraph4mainlyabout?A.The“coldshock”responseisn’tunmon.B.Swimmingincoldwatercanbeadangerforsomereason.C.Heartrateandbloodpressuretendtoincreaseinwinter.D.Somepreparationscanbemadebeforeacoldwaterswim.14.WhatmightHamanagreewithaccordingtothetext?A.Thehealthbenefitsofcoldwaterswimmingshouldbeshowed.B.Extremetemperaturechangesaredangerousbutnotdeadly.C.Stayingincoldairislessdangerousthanincoldwater.D.Coldwaterswimmingisn’tsuitableforthosenewtothesport.15.WhatisBlondin’sattitudetopreviousresearch?A.Doubtful. B.Uncaring. C.Supportive. D.Uncertain.【答案】12.D13.B14.C15.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了冷水游泳及其可能存在的风险。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“SusanRingwoodgreetsallguestswithasimpleinvitation:tojoinherinswimmingincoldwaterintheswimmingpool.(苏珊·林伍德向所有客人发出了一个简单的邀请：和她一起在游泳池的冷水中游泳)”以及第三段“Whilecoldwaterswimmingisanewfoundpassion,scientistssaythatthere’snotmuchevidencesupportingtheclaimsofthesehealthbenefits.(虽然冷水游泳是一种新发现的热情，但科学家们表示，没有太多证据支持这些健康益处的说法)”可知，作者讲述林伍德的故事，是为了引入文章的主题——冷水游泳。故选D。【13题详解】主旨大意题。根据第四段“Whenyourbodymeetscoldwater,itcanbeshocking.Scientistscallthisthe“coldshock”response(反应).Whenyourskinsensesthefreezingwater,itcausesyoutotakeaquickdeepbreathforairandyourheartratetorisequicklytoaveryhighlevel,whichleadstoanincreaseinheartrateandbloodpressure.(当你的身体遇到冷水时，可能会导致休克。科学家称之为“冷休克”反应。当你的皮肤感觉到冰冷的水时，它会让你快速深呼吸得到空气，你的心率会迅速上升到很高的水平，从而导致心率和血压升高)”可知，本段主要介绍了冷水中游泳可能会导致冷休克，心率和血压升高，出现危险，即由于某些原因，在冷水中游泳可能会有危险。故选B。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据第五段“Haman

says

that

being

in

cold

water

is

more

dangerous

than

in

cold

air.

(哈曼说，待在冷水中比在冷空气中更危险)”可知，哈曼认为待在冷空气中比待在冷水中危险性小。故选C。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据第六段“Butwhilethereissomepreviousscientificresearchtobackuptheseclaims,DenisBlondin,aprofessorattheUniversityofSherbrookeinQuebec,saysthatmanyofthesestudiesincludedonlyasmallnumberofpeopletakingpartinsurveywhoweremainlyyoungmenfromEuropeancountries,whichlimitswhatscientistscansaymorebroadlyandinotherpopulations.(但是，尽管之前有一些科学研究支持这些说法，但魁北克舍布鲁克大学教授DenisBlondin表示，许多这些研究只包括一小部分参与调查的人，他们主要是来自欧洲国家的年轻男性，这限制了科学家在更广泛和其他人群中的说法)”可知，DenisBlondin认为之前研究的被调查对象有限制，对其研究结果持怀疑的态度。故选A。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。BenefitsOfColdWeatherThere’snodoubtaboutit—coldweathercanbeprettyunpleasant.___16___Soifyou’refeelingdownaboutthecoldtemperaturesoutside,readonforafewreasonstobehappyaboutthem!Itboostsyourbrain.Coldtemperaturescanexciteyourbrain,allowingimprovedfocusandgreaterclarityofthought.Thecoldclimateincreasesoxygenflowtothebrain.___17___Itincreasesbrownfatcontent.Coldweatherhastheuniqueabilitytoincreasethenumberofbrownfatcells.___18___.Notonlydotheyhelpusstayfortablywarmincoldtemperaturesbuttheymayalsoevenpromoteweightlossovertime.___19___Incoldweather,anevenbodytemperaturecanbebeneficialforagoodnight’srest.Asourbodiestrytokeepwarmwhenit’scoldout,bloodvesselsgetnarrowerandhelpcontrolyoursleeptemperatureforamorerelaxedandrestfulsleep.Peoplesleepingincolderenvironmentsgenerallywakeupfeelingmorerefreshedthanthosesleepinginwarmertemperatures.Itimprovesskinhealth.___20___Lowtemperaturesforceustodresswarmlyagainstthecold,leadingtoprotectionagainstenvironmentalaspectsthatwouldotherwiseremovewaterfromourskin.Allinall,therearemanybenefitstospendingtimeoutsideincoldweather!Nexttimeyouwanttostayinsideandavoidthecold,keepthesebenefitsinmindandconsidergettingoutsideforafewminutes!A.Ithelpsyousleep.B.Itraiseshealthawareness.C.Thus,thecentralnervoussystemcanperformatincreasedlevels.D.Coldweatherexposureisahelpfulcontributiontoourwellbeing.E.Theyareimportantforcontrollingbodytemperaturebyproducingheat.F.Coldweathercanbegoodforkeepingourskinlookingandfeelinghealthy.G.Whileitmakesuswanttostayindoors,coldweatherhassomemajorbenefits.【答案】16.G17.C18.E19.A20.F【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了寒冷天气的一些好处。【16题详解】根据上文“There’snodoubtaboutit—coldweathercanbeprettyunpleasant.(毫无疑问，寒冷的天气会让人很不舒服。)”以及后文“Soifyou’refeelingdownaboutthecoldtemperaturesoutside,readonforafewreasonstobehappyaboutthem!(所以，如果你对外面的寒冷天气感到沮丧，那就往下读，看看有什么理由让你开心起来吧！)”可知，后文提到了寒冷的天气也有理由开心，说明寒冷的天气也有好处。故G选项“虽然它使我们想呆在室内，但寒冷的天气也有一些主要的好处”符合语境，故选G。【17题详解】根据上文“Itboostsyourbrain.Coldtemperaturescanexciteyourbrain,allowingimprovedfocusandgreaterclarityofthought.Thecoldclimateincreasesoxygenflowtothebrain.(它能增强你的大脑。低温可以刺激你的大脑，让你的注意力更集中，思维更清晰。寒冷的气候增加了大脑的氧气流量。)”可知，本句与上文构成因果关系，指出寒冷的气候增加了大脑的氧气流量所带来的积极影响。故C选项“因此，中枢神经系统可以在更高的水平上工作。”符合语境，故选C。【18题详解】根据上文“Itincreasesbrownfatcontent.Coldweatherhastheuniqueabilitytoincreasethenumberofbrownfatcells.(它增加棕色脂肪的含量。寒冷的天气有增加棕色脂肪细胞数量的独特能力。)”以及后文“Notonlydotheyhelpusstayfortablywarmincoldtemperatures,buttheymayalsoevenpromoteweightlossovertime.(它们不仅能帮助我们在寒冷的天气里保持舒适温暖，而且随着时间的推移，它们甚至还能促进减肥。)”可知，本句承接上文，解释棕色脂肪细胞的作用，E选项中They指代上文brownfatcells。故E选项“它们通过产生热量对控制体温很重要。”符合语境，故选E。【19题详解】根据本段内容“Incoldweather,anevenbodytemperaturecanbebeneficialforagoodnight’srest.Asourbodiestrytokeepwarmwhenit’s‘coldout,bloodvesselsgetnarrowerandhelpcontrolyoursleeptemperatureforamorerelaxedandrestfulsleep.Peoplesleepingincolderenvironmentsgenerallywakeupfeelingmorerefreshedthanthosesleepinginwarmertemperatures.(在寒冷的天气里，稳定的体温有助于晚上睡个好觉。当外面很冷的时候，我们的身体会试图保持温暖，血管会变窄，帮助控制你的睡眠温度，从而获得更放松、更安宁的睡眠。睡在寒冷环境中的人醒来时通常比睡在温暖环境中的人更神清气爽。)”可知，本段的主旨是寒冷的天气有助于睡眠。故A选项“它有助于睡眠。”符合语境，故选A。【20题详解】根据后文“Lowtemperaturesforceustodresswarmlyagainstthecold,leadingtoprotectionagainstenvironmentalaspectsthatwouldotherwiseremovewaterfromourskin.(低温迫使我们穿上暖和的衣服来抵御寒冷，从而保护我们免受环境因素的影响，否则会使皮肤失去水分。)”可知，后文提到低温会避免皮肤失去水分，即寒冷天气对皮肤有好处。故F选项“寒冷的天气可以使我们的皮肤看起来和感觉健康。”符合语境，故选F。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。TheSpringFestivalisthemostimportantfestivalforChinese.Thisyear,Idecidedtoparticipateinalltheactivitiesorganizedfor____21____studentstocelebratetheSpringFestival.Thepreparationbeganamonthago,____22____ourroomswithSpringFestivalcouplets(对联)andNewYearpaintings.Laterwe____23____anactivitytowriteSpringFestivalcouplets.WhenIsawmyteacherbringaspecialkindofpen,Ibecame____24____toknowwhatitwascalled.Inaddition,weweregoingtouseabrushto____25____Chinesecharactersonredpaper.Besides,therewasanother____26____thingcalledink.After____27____thetoolsneededforSpringFestivalcouplets,westartedour____28____journey.Theteachertaughtushowtoholdawritingbrush.Itriedtoholdit,____29____itintheink,andstartwritingcarefully,butthe_____30_____ofthepenwastoosoftandIcouldn’t_____31_____itatall.IwasdisappointedbutIdidnotgiveup.Icarefullystudiedtheteacher’s_____32_____.Afterseveralattempts,IwrotealineofwordsAtthistime,Ifoundthatmysleeves(袖子)werealreadyfilledwithinkasIwastoofocusedon_____33_____.EvensoIwasveryhappy,becauseIfeltthatIhadlearnedthe_____34_____ofwritingcalligraphy,thatis,toholdthepeninthecorrect_____35_____.ThenIrealizedsometimesIhavetoexperiencesomethinginordertounderstandit.21.A.minority B.foreign C.local D.lowine22.A.cleaning B.decorating C.designing D.building23.A.won B.described C.launched D.restricted24.A.curious B.miserable C.upset D.ashamed25.A.learn B.carve C.draw D.write26.A.magical B.global C.affordable D.useless27.A.using B.mixing C.recycling D.understanding28.A.repetitive B.easy C.creative D.effective29.A.dip B.hang C.cover D.set30.A.figure B.material C.ink D.tip31.A.correct B.make C.accept D.solve32.A.goal B.method C.reaction D.course33.A.improving B.reading C.practising D.listening34.A.difficulty B.form C.meaning D.way35A.posture B.emotion C.attitude D.habit【答案】21.B22.B23.C24.A25.D26.A27.D28.C29.A30.D31.B32.B33.C34.D35.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了一位外国的留学生在中国学校感受春节传统习俗的故事。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：今年寒假期间，我决定留在学校参加所有为外国学生组织的庆祝春节的活动。A.minority少数的；B.foreign外国的；C.local当地的；D.lowine低收入的。根据前文“TheSpringFestivalisthemostimportantfestivalforChinese.”以及下文内容可知，此处说的是为外国留学生组织春节庆祝活动。故选B。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：准备工作一个月前就开始了，我们用春联和年画装饰房间。A.cleaning打扫；B.decorating装饰；C.designing设计；D.building建立。根据后面的“SpringFestivalcoupletsandnewyearpainting(春节对联和年画）”可知，此处指的是装饰房间。故选B。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：后来我们发起了写春联的活动。A.won赢得；B.described描述；C.launched发起；D.restricted限制。结合后面的“anactivitytowriteSpringFestivalcouplets(一个写春节对联的活动）”可知，我们发起了这个活动。故选C。【24题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我看到我的老师带来一种特殊的笔，我好奇它叫什么。A.curious好奇的；B.miserable困苦的，悲惨的；C.upset不安的；D.ashamed羞愧的。结合前文“WhenIsawmyteacherbringaspecialkindofpen”以及下文“toknowwhatitwascalled”可知，老师带来了一种特殊的笔，作者对于这种笔叫什么好奇。故选A。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：此外，我们将用毛笔在红纸上写汉字。A.learn学习；B.carve雕刻；C.draw画；D.write写。前文提到brushpen(毛笔），后文提到redpaper(红纸），可知按照中国传统，要在红纸上写字，Chinesecharacters是中国汉字。故选D。【26题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：此外，还有一种神奇的东西叫墨水。A.magical神奇的；B.global全球的；C.affordable买得起的；D.useless无用的。根据上文“WhenIsawmyteachersbringaspecialkindofpen,Ibecame___4___toknowwhatitwascalled”可知，作者认为墨水也是神奇的东西。故选A。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在了解了写春联所需的工具后，我们开始了创作之旅。A.using使用；B.mixing混合；C.recycling循环；D.understanding了解。根据后文“thetoolsneededforSpringFestivalcouplets,westartedour____8____journey”可知，了解了工具后，就开始写春联了。故选D。【28题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在了解了写春联所需的工具后，我们开始了创作之旅。A.repetitive重复的；B.easy容易的；C.creative有创造性的；D.effective有效的。前文一直讲作者看到毛笔是好奇的，ink(墨水）是magical(神奇的）