高中一轮复习英语讲义必修二Module5NewspapersandMagazines

Module5NewspapersandMagazines一、单词表词汇全查验——运用多媒体，提问默写词汇Ⅰ.阅读词汇(英译汉)[第一屏听写]1．photographern． 摄影师2．cosmonautn. 宇航员3．navigatorn. 领航员；(飞机的)驾驶员4．taikonautn. 太空人；宇航员5．capsulen. 太空舱[第二屏听写]6．alienn． 外星人7．astronomern. 天文学家8．autographn. 亲笔签名9．spaceshipn. 宇宙飞船10．telescopen. 望远镜[第三屏听写]11．sailorn． 船员；水手12．royaladj. 皇家的；皇室的13．celebrityn. 名人14．orbitn. 轨道vt. 绕轨道飞行15．politiciann. 政治家Ⅱ.高频词汇(汉译英)[第四屏听写]1．headlinen． (新闻报道等的)标题2．photographn. 照片3．economyn. 经济4．politicsn. 政治5．universen. 宇宙[第五屏听写]6．flightn． 飞行；班机7．congratulationn. 祝贺8．aboardadv. 在船(飞机、火车、公共汽车)上9．welevt. 欢迎10．historicaladj. 历史性的[第六屏听写]11．achievementn． 成就；功业；伟绩12．replacevt. 代替；取代13．amateuradj. 业余的14．delightedadj. 高兴的；快乐的15．fann. (电影等的)迷[第七屏听写]16．actorn． 演员17．backstageadv. 在后台18．partn. 角色19．beliefn. 信念；信条20．disbeliefn. 不信；怀疑；疑惑[第八屏听写]21．evidencen． 证据22．culturaladj. 文化的23．financialadj. 金融的24．reviewn. 评论25．foundvt. 创立；建立[第九屏听写]26．producevt. 创作27．in_total 总共；合计28．now_that 既然29．believe_in 相信30．be_similar_to 和……相似二、单元核心考点初热身——提供语境，单元考点自测回顾(一)分类识记单词——用时少·功效高识记单词写对Ⅰ.知其意(英译汉)1.photographern.摄影师2.cosmonautn.宇航员3.navigatorn.领航员；(飞机的)驾驶员4.taikonautn.太空人；宇航员5.capsulen.太空舱6.alienn.外星人7.astronomern.天文学家8.autographn．亲笔签名9.spaceshipn.宇宙飞船10.telescopen.望远镜11.sailorn.船员；水手12.royaladj.皇家的；皇室的13.celebrityn.名人14.orbitn.轨道vt.绕轨道飞行15.politiciann．政治家Ⅱ.写其形(汉译英)1.economyn.经济2.universen.宇宙3.fann.(电影等的)迷4.actorn.演员5.backstageadv.在后台核心单词练通1.Asthetrainwastopullout,herhusbandcamerunningalongandclimbedaboard(上火车)．2.Anystudentwhoisinterestediswele(欢迎)toparticipate.3.Machineshavereplaced(取代)humanlabourinmanyindustries.4.Inthepasttwoweeks,allofusheldmanycultural(文化的)activities,fromwhichwelearnedagreatdeal.(2016·天津高考书面表达)5.Theband'snewalbumhashadverygoodreviews(评论)．6.TheIndependentLabourPartywasfounded(建立)inBradfordonJanuary13,1893.7.Heandhisfamilyhavewalk­onparts(角色)inthelatestfilm.8.Didyoureadtheheadline(标题)ofTheDailyMailtoday？9.Idon'tencouragepeopletotakephotographs(照片)likethiswithoutpermission,butbylawwecanpublish.10.Ihadalreadymissedmyflight(班机),andthenextonewasn'tuntilthefollowingmorning.拓展单词用活[记全记牢]1.politicsn．政治→politicaladj.政治的→politiciann．政治家2.congratulationn．祝贺→congratulatevt.祝贺3.historicaladj.历史性的→historicallyadv.历史上地；从历史观点上说→historicadj.有历史意义的→historyn．历史4.achievementn．成就；功业；伟绩→achievevt.取得(成就)；达到5.amateuradj.业余的→(反义词)professionaladj.专业的6.delightedadj.高兴的；快乐的→delightvt.使高兴n.高兴；愉快→delightfuladj.令人愉快的；可爱的7.beliefn．信念；信条→disbeliefn．不信；怀疑；疑惑8.evidencen．证据→evidentadj.明显的9.producevt.创作→productionn．创作；生产；产量→productn．产品；产物10.financialadj.金融的→financen．金融；财政[用准用活]1.Doyouknowthehistoricalbackgroundofthehistoricflight？(history)2.Productionistheactionofproducingsomethingortheamountofproducts.(produce)3.Manyfriendscametocongratulatehimonhismarriage,andsomesente­mailstoexpresstheircongratulations.(congratulate)4.Don'tadmirehisachievement.Youwillachieveyourambitionifyouworkhard.(achieve)5.Don'tcareaboutothers'disbelief.Holdonyourownbelief,_andyou'llsucceedeventually.(belief)6.Whatdelightedthemmostwasthedelightfulthingsinstoreforthem.(delight)7.Itisevidentthathehasnoevidencetoprovehishonesty.(evidence)8.Apoliticianisonewhoisinterestedorinvolvedinpoliticsandholdsstrongbeliefsinit.(politics)⇩eq\a\vs4\al(积得多平时多输入，用时顺手出)1.前缀tele­高频名词一览①telescope望远镜②telephone③telegraph电报④telegram电报⑤television电视⑥telesales销售⑦teleshopping购物2.由aboard所想到的①abroadadv.在国外②broadadj.宽阔的③boardv.&n.登(飞机、车、船等)；木板④onboard搭乘(船、飞机、火车等)3.“代替”的表达法种种①taketheplaceof②takeone'splace③replacesb./sth.④inplaceof4.与“运动员”相关的常见名词荟萃①amateur业余选手②petitor竞争者③champion冠军④athlete运动员⑤captain队长⑥referee裁判员⑦coach教练员⑧professional职业选手(二)语段串记短语——不枯燥·兴趣高先写对再用准第一组1.now_that既然2.believe_in相信3e_on加油；赶快；得了吧4.concentrate_on集中精力于；全神贯注于5.in_the_history_of在……的历史上Therewere50studentsintheclass,ofwhomonlyTomdidn'tpasstheexam.Histeachersaidtohim,“①Now_thatyouhavefailed,whatyoushoulddoisacceptit.Butyoushould②believe_inyourselfand③concentrate_onyourlessons.④e_on!Itisnottheendoftheworld.”第二组1.in_space在太空2.take_photographs_of拍摄……的照片3.in_total总共；合计4.be_similar_to和……相似5.take_off升空，起飞Lastsummer,weweredelightedtogotoCanadaforavisit.TheclimateinsomeplacesofCanada①is_similar_tothatofourhometown.We②take_photographs_ofsomeplacesofinterest.③In_total,_200picturesweretaken.Whatawonderfulplaceitis！⇩eq\a\vs4\al(积得多平时多输入，用时顺手出)1.“集中精力于”短语荟萃①concentrateon全神贯注于②focusone'sattentionon集中注意力在③belostin迷失在……中④beburiedin专心于2.由inspace所想到的①inheaven在天堂②inthesky在天空③intheair在空中④intheuniverse在宇宙⑤intheworld在世界上3.“总共；合计”短语集合①inall总共；合计②totalupto加起来有③addupto加起来共计/达④sumup计算……的总数⑤innumber总共⑥amountto共计；总共(三)仿写用活句式——造佳句·表达高背原句明句式学仿写1.WhenYangtookofffromJiuquaninnorthwestChinaat9amyesterday,Chinabecamethethirdnationtosendamanintospace.昨天上午9点，杨利伟在中国西北部的酒泉起飞，中国成为世界上第三个把人送入太空的国家。the＋序数词＋(n.)todosth.“第几个做某事的……”。她是里约奥运会上第一位获得金牌的运动员。Shewasthe_first_athlete_to_win_the_gold_medalintheRioOlympicGames.2.Whilehewastravellinginspace,YangspoketotwoastronautsaboardtheInternationalSpaceStation...当他在太空飞行时，杨利伟和国际空间站的两名宇航员通了话……while引导时间状语从句，意为“当……的时候”。人们可以一边吃月饼一边赏月，月饼是这个节日的特殊食品。Peoplecanenjoythemoonwhile_eating_moon_cakes,_whicharethespecialfoodforthisfestival.3.AmateurastronomerDavidBateswaslookingatthemoonthroughhistelescopelastnightwhenhegotabigsurprise.昨天晚上，业余天文学家大卫·贝茨正在用天文望远镜观看月球，就在那时他有了一个惊人的发现。when作并列连词，意为“就在这时”。我正要放弃，就在这时我最好的朋友鼓励我继续下去。Iwas_about_to_give_up_whenmybestfriendencouragedmetogoon.4.Isthisthefirsttimehe'sseenalienslandingonthemoon？这是他第一次看见外星人登陆月球吗？Thisisthe＋序数词＋time...“这是第……次……”，从句中用现在完成时。这是他第二次犯同样的错误。Thisisthesecondtimehe_has_made_the_same_mistake.考点新组合阅读微技能WhenweheardthatourcountryhassuccessfullylaunchedShenzhouⅪspacecraft❶，weofferedourcongratulations.Thisisthesixthtimethatwe________(send)❷mannedspacecraftintospacesuccessfully.Weareverydelightedthatwehavewongreatachievementsinthespaceflight.❸Andwehaveevidencetoprovethatwehavejoinedthefrontranksofthespaceexplorationinternationally.1.把①处的状语从句改写为分词作状语的形式：HearingthatourcountryhassuccessfullylaunchedShenzhouⅪspacecraft。2.②处应填入单词的正确形式为have_sent。3.③句中有一处语言错误，请改正。去掉the1．congratulationn．祝贺；祝贺词(常用复数)(1)offer/sendone'scongratulationstosb.(onsth.) (为某事)向某人表示祝贺express/acceptone'scongratulations 表示/接受某人的祝贺(2)congratulatevt. 祝贺；庆贺congratulatesb.on/upon(doing)sth. 因(做)某事向某人祝贺congratulateoneselfonsth. 为某事庆贺/感到高兴[多角练透]单句语法填空①Iwanttoexpressmysincerecongratulations(congratulate)onyoursuccess.②Youshouldcongratulateyourselfonhavingdoneanexcellentjob.一句多译我们祝贺王先生生意成功。③Wecongratulated_Mr_Wang_on_his_successinbusiness.(congratulate)④Weoffered/sent_our_congratulations_to_Mr_Wang_on_his_successinbusiness.(congratulation)[辨析比较]congratulate,celebratecongratulate庆祝，祝贺。指对某人取得的成就或喜庆之事表示祝贺，其宾语是人，表示就某事祝贺某人时，常与介词on搭配celebrate庆祝，庆贺。通常指举行盛大隆重的仪式庆祝或纪念有意义的日子或某件事情，多暗示节日般的欢乐场面，宾语为事件选用以上单词填空⑤Theycelebratedtheir25thweddinganniversaryyesterday,andmanyrelativesandfriendscongratulatedthemontheirsilverwedding.[语境串记]LiHuawasadmittedtoPekingUniversity.Hisparentsheldapartytocelebrateit.Intheparty,thefriendscongratulatedLiHuaonhissuccess.Somewhodidn'tealsotelephonedtooffertheircongratulationstohim.李华被北京大学录取了。他的父母举行了宴会来庆祝此事。在宴会上，朋友们向他的成功表示祝贺。一些没到场的人也打向他表示了祝贺。2．delightedadj.高兴的；快乐的(1)bedelightedat/with/by... 对……感到高兴bedelightedtodosth. 很高兴做某事bedelighted＋that从句 很高兴……(2)delightn.[U]高兴，快乐；[C]使人高兴的事；乐事vt.&vi. (使)高兴delightsb.with 用……让某人高兴have/find/takedelightin(doing)sth. 高兴(做)某事；以(做)某事为乐toone'sdelight/tothedelightofsb. 令某人高兴的是with/indelight 高兴地，乐意地(3)delightfuladj. 令人愉快的；可爱的[多角练透]单句语法填空①Whenthelittlegirlsawthetoyssheclappedherhandswithdelight.②Nowonderhegotagoodreport.Hetakesgreatdelightinstudying.③I'mLiHua.Iamdelighted(delight)toknowyouareinterestedinTangpoems.(2017·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)用delight的相关短语完成小片段Much④to_my_delight(让我高兴的是),myson⑤has/finds/takes_delight_in(以……为乐)learningEnglish.He⑥is_delighted_to_listen_to(很高兴听……)Englishsongsandsingafterthetapeagainandagain.Yesterdayhecamehome⑦with/in_delight(高兴地)and⑧delighted_me_with(用……让我高兴)thegoodnewsthathewonthefirstplaceinanEnglishpetition.3．evidencen．证据；证明(1)evidence＋eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(of/forsth.有某事/物的证据,that...有证据……,toshow/suggest...有证据表明……))(2)evidentadj. 明显的beevidenttosb.that... 某人清楚……Itisevidentthat... 显然……[多角练透]单句语法填空①Modernsciencehasgivenclearevidencethatsmokingcanleadtomanydiseases.②Atpresentwehavenoevidenceoflifeonotherplanets.③ButnowanAmericanscientisthadproducedtheevidenceto_prove(prove)thatwe'renotallgoingmad.补全句子④It_must_be_evident_to_all_of_youthathehasmadeaseriousmistake.你们一定很清楚，他犯了一个严重的错误。⑤It_is_evident_thatinpetitivesocietytherearebothlosersandwinners.显然，在充满竞争的社会里，有失败者也有成功者。4．Thisisthefirsttime...Is_this_the_first_time_he's_seenalienslandingonthemoon?这是他第一次看见外星人登陆月球吗？句式“This/Itis/wasthefirst/second...lasttime＋that从句”，表示“这是第一/第二/……最后一次……”。其中，that引导的是定语从句，that在口语中常省略。从句通常用现在完成时和过去完成时。①Itwasthethirdtimethathehad_asked(ask)thesamequestion.这是他第三次问同一个问题了。表示“到做某事的时间了”的句型：(1)Itistime(forsb.)todosth.表示“该是(某人)做某事的时候了”。(2)Itis(high/about)time＋that...表示“该做……”，that从句的谓语动词常用虚拟语气，即“should＋动词原形”或动词的过去式，should不可省略。②It'stimeforyouto_go(go)towatchtheswimmingpetition.你该去看游泳比赛了。③Itishightimethatwe_took/should_take_effective_measurestocontroltheenvironmentpollution.该是我们采取有效措施来控制环境污染的时候了。考点新组合阅读微技能IntotaltherearefifteenstudentsinourclasswhowilltraveltoTibettomorrow,________(include)fivegirls❶.BecauseLiHuaisill,it'snaturalthatwewillhaveanotherstudenttoreplaceher.NowthattheairinTibetisthinanditisdifficulttobreathe,youshouldbelieveyourself.❷Besides,youshouldknowmoreaboutTibet,andmakefullpreparations.Ican'twaittogothere.1.①处应填入单词的正确形式为including，可用“fivegirlsincluded”替换①处所在短语。2.②句中有一处语言错误，请改正。believe后加in5．replacevt.代替；取代；把……放回原处(1)replace...with/by... 用……代替……replacesb.as... 取代某人而成为……replacesb./sth.＝taketheplaceofsb./sth. 取代某人/某物(2)taketheplaceof＝takeone'splace 接替某人inplaceof＝inone'splace 代替outofplace 不在合适的位置[多角练透]单句语法填空①It'sabadideatomissmealsandreplacethemwith/bysnacks.②ItisgenerallyagreedthatTomwillreplaceJackasourmanager.③Seeingthatyouhavenotime,IwillhavePetertaketheplaceofyou.用replace及其相关短语完成小片段Shedidn't④replace(把……放回原处)thecupafterusingit,soitfelltothegroundandwasbroken,whichmadeherverydisappointed.Herhusbandsuggested⑤replacing_it_with/by(把它换成)aplasticonesothatitwouldn'tbesoeasytobreak,butshesaidnothingcould⑥replace/take_the_place_of(代替)thiscupasitwasmadeover100yearsago.6．intotal总共；合计；总计atotalof 总数为……totalupto 总共是；总数达到totallyadv. 完全地；全部地；整个地[题点全练]单句语法填空①Howmuchdoyouhavetopayintotaliffourofyougotogether?②Heisscheduledtofindatotalof40timetwinsbeforehis40thbirthday.③FrustratedbyfrequentfailuresinmyEnglishexams,Ifoundmyselfonthepointofgivinguptotally(total)．④Thevisitorstotheexhibitiontotaledupto15,000.7．nowthat既然；由于uptonow/untilnow 到目前为止(every)nowandthen 不时；时而inthat 因为[题点全练]补全句子①Now_that_you_are_fond_of_Chinese_traditional_culture,_Ithinkthisisagreatopportunitythatcannotbemissed.(2017·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)既然你喜欢中国传统文化，我认为这是一个你不能错过的好机会。②Shewasfortunatein_that_she_had_friends_to_help_her.她很幸运，因为有朋友帮助她。③Ihaveheardnothingfromhimup_to_now/until_now.到目前为止我没有他的任何消息。④Aftergraduationhewentbacktotheschoolto_visit_his_English_teacher_(every)now_and_then.毕业后他不时地回到学校去看望他的英语老师。[名师指津]nowthat相当于since，是连词词组，用来引导原因状语从句，口语中经常省略that，只用now，这时now已经失去了“现在”的含义。[单元语基落实]Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Intotalwespent＄750decoratingournewkitchen.2．Therewasenoughevidence(evident)toprovehimwrong.3．Nowthatyouhavefinishedyourhomework,youcanplaybasketball.4．Pleasegivehimmycongratulations(congratulate)whenyouseehim.5．Inmoderntimes,thebikecan'tbe_replaced_by/withthecarasatraditionalformoftransportation.6．ThescientistsinChinahavemadegreatachievements(achieve)inexploringthespace.7．Wewerehavingameetingwhensomeonebrokein.8．Thepanyfounded(found)in2017nowhasseveralofficesinEurope.9．Wearedelightedto_have(have)theopportunitytospendsometimeinthatcountry.10．Historically(history),Chinahasmadesignificantcontributionstothedevelopmentofhumankind.Ⅱ.单句改错1．Myteachingstyleissimilarinthatofmostotherteachers.in→to2．ThisisthelasttimethatItoldyouhowtodoit.told前加have3．Outofthetotalof15games,theyonlywontwo.the→a4．Tomwasabouttoclosethewindowwhilehisattentionwascaughtbyabird.while→when5．Doyoubelieveloveatfirstsight？believe后加in6．Helookshappy;inotherwords,helooksdelightful.delightful→delightedⅢ.根据提示词和相关要求补全句子1．当讨论还在进行时，乔治走了进来。(while)While_the_discussion_was_still_going_on,_Georgecamein.2．他成为村子里第一个上大学的学生。(动词不定式作后置定语)Hebecamethefirststudentin_the_village_to_go_to_college.3．这是第一次我们全家人一起在电影院看电影。(Thisisthefirsttime...)This_is_the_first_time_we_have_seen_a_filminthecinematogetherasafamily.4．我正沿着河边走，突然听到了一个男孩的呼救声。(when作并列连词)Iwas_walking_along_the_river_when_I_heardaboycryingforhelp.5．既然你有一次机会，就该充分利用。(nowthat)Now_that_you've_got_a_chance,_youmightaswellmakefulluseofit.Ⅳ.句型转换/一句多译1．Hehasbeenlivingherefor30yearsinall.→Hehasbeenlivingherefora_total_of30years.→Hehasbeenlivingherefor30yearsin_total.2．Itistimeforthegovernmenttotakeproperstepstosolvetrafficproblems.→Itistimethatthegovernmenttook/should_take_proper_steps_to_solvetrafficproblems.3．Noonecanreplaceherfatherinherheart.→Noonecantake_the_place_of_her_fatherinherheart.→Noonecantake_her_father's_placeinherheart.4．我们祝贺你们通过了高考。①Congratulations_to_you_on_your_passingtheCollegeEntranceExamination.(congratulationsto)②We_offer_our_congratulations_to_you_on_your_passingtheCollegeEntranceExamination.(offerone'scongratulationsto)③We_congratulate_you_on_your_passingtheCollegeEntranceExamination.(congratulatesb.on)[高考拆组训练]语言知识运用组块专练——练准度(限时：25分钟)Ⅰ.完形填空WhenIwasyoung,Ireadonlyicbooks.Mymother,whowasakeenreader,triedtogetmetoreadregularbooks,buttheyseemed__1__tome.Whywouldanyonewanttoreadabookwithoutpictures,Iwondered?Itwouldbe__2__watchingamoviewithyoureyesclosed.Andnovelsseemedtobetoo__3__！Inmymind,aicbookwasarollercoasterride__4__anovelwasfivehoursinrushhourtraffic.Whenevershesawmewithaicbook,mymotherwouldplain,whichtotally__5__myicbookreadingexperience.Onesummer,sheeven__6__me.“Ifyoudon'treadatleastonebookthissummer,we'renotgoingtogoonourcampingtrip，”shesaid.WhatcouldIdo?Ihadbeenlookingforwardtothat__7__formonths!“Fine，”I__8__，“I'llreadonebook.”__9__，mymothertookmedowntoherevildungeon(地牢),thelocal__10__，wherethelibrarian__11__Thelion,theWitchandtheWardrobe,thefirstbookofTheChroniclesofNarniabyC．S.Lewis.Iunwillingly__12__thebookwhilemymotherandthelibrarianexchangeda(n)__13__glance.Whenwegothome,Icrackedthebookopenandstartedreading.I__14__I'dreadthefirstfewpagesthenskiptotheendbecauseIknewmymotherwould__15__meaboutit.Imaginemy__16__whenmymothercalledmetodinnerandIwashalfwaythroughthebook!__17__aicbookwasarollercoasterride,thenovelwasalltheridesatDisneyworldrolledintoone!I__18__readingtheentireTheChroniclesofNarniaseriesthatsummer,whichIconsiderthe__19__ofmygreatfriendshipwithbooks.NowIreadanaverageofonebookaweek,andsometimesmywife__20__thatIreadtoomuch!语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者从开始只喜欢漫画书，厌恶小说到迷上读书的转变过程。1．A.strange B．boringC．mon D．easy解析：选B由下一句的疑问“为什么有人会读没有图片的书？”可知，作者认为“regularbooks”看起来很无趣(boring)。2．A.through B．ofC．like D．for解析：选C承接上一句的疑问，“它就像(like)闭眼看电影一样”。3．A.thick B．thinC．short D．long解析：选D由下文中的比喻：读小说像在高峰期的车流中行驶五小时，可知作者认为小说太长(long)。4．A.while B．beforeC．after D．as解析：选A作者把读漫画书的感受和读小说的感受进行了对比，故选while(然而)。5．A.shared B．ruinedC．broadened D．recorded解析：选B母亲一看到作者看漫画书就指责抱怨的行为毁掉(ruined)作者读漫画书的体验。6．Aforted B．punishedC．threatened D．reassured解析：选C母亲威胁(threatened)作者说不读书就不去度假，而作者期盼这次旅行(trip)很久了。7．A.summer B．tripC．book D．tent解析：选B参见上题解析。8．A.agreed B．reportedC．asked D．denied解析：选A由“Fine”可知，作者同意了(agreed)母亲的条件。9．A.Suddenly B．SecretlyC．Excitedly D．Generally解析：选C终于说服了儿子，母亲一定很兴奋(Excitedly)。10．A.bookstore B．officeC．supermarket D．library解析：选D由“librarian”可知，作者被带到了一家图书馆(library)。11．A.described B．revealedC．remended D．arranged解析：选C图书管理员向我推荐了(remended)路易斯写的《纳尼亚传奇》系列丛书中的一本《狮子、女巫和魔衣橱》。12．A.accepted B．printedC．posted D．showed解析：选A由上文中的提到的母亲很爱读书及“herevildungeon(地牢)”一词可知，母亲和这位管理员熟悉，故当作者不情愿地接受了(accepted)被推荐的书时，他们互相心领神会地(understanding)使了个眼色。13．A.nervous B．casualC．admiring D．understanding解析：选D参见上题解析。14．A.remembered B．figuredC．suggested D．promised解析：选B基于作者对小说的反感，作者估计(figured)自己为了应付母亲的检查(quiz)会读一下小说的开头和结尾。15．A.tell B．consultC．challenge D．quiz解析：选D参见上题解析。16．A.sorrow B．angerC．fear D．surprise解析：选D但事实却出乎意料(surprise)，作者被那本书深深吸引：母亲叫作者吃饭时，作者已经读了一半。17．A.If B．UnlessC．Once D．Bec