汕头市2021-2022学年度下学期期末测试英语试卷（含解析）

汕头市2021-2022学年度下学期期末测试高二英语本试卷共8页，满分120分。考试用时120分。注意事项：1.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号和座位号填写在答题卡上。2.作答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑；如需要改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案。答案不能答在试卷上。试题序号从“21”开始。3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答无效。4.考生必须保证答题卡的整洁。考试结束后，将试卷和答题卡一并交回。第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AThe21st-centurydoctornowcarriesawholesetofdiagnostictoolsinhisbriefcase,andyes,unfortunately,theiconicstethoscope(听诊器)isnowalittleoutdated!So,exactlywhatareallthesenecessarydevicesforthe21stcenturydoctor?Thestethoscopegoesdigital.TheEkoCoreisthenewrevolutionofstethoscopes.Itcanamplifythesoundsoftheheartby40timeswhenindigitalmode.Itcanalsostreamtheheartbeatdatatothecloud,allowingthephysiciantoseetheheartbeatinwaveformonamobiledeviceaswellashearthesoundatanamplifiedlevel.Apalm-sizedECGdevice.Ifsomeoneasksyoutothinkabouttheelectrocardiogram(心电图)device,youwillprobablyimagineahugemachinewithmanywiresthatareconnectedtoascreengivingsomeone’sheartactivity.Intoday’sdigitalhealthera,thismachinehasbeendown-sizedsoitcanfitinthepalmofyourhand.TheKardiaMobile6Lisa6-leadmedical-gradepocket-sizedECGmachine.Itwillsendthereadingsdirectlytoyoursmartphone.High-techeyetech.ThePersonalVisionTrackerandtheEyeQueInsightarelight,accurate,andinexpensivedevices.Theyallowforeyeteststobeperformedremotely.Eartechinyourpocket.Earexaminationcanbeuncomfortableforthepatientandchallengingforphysiciansincaseofsmallorpartiallyobstructedearcanals.ThepocketableWiscMedotoscopeaimstoovercometheseissueswithitsbuilt-innanocamerawhichgivesclearimagesoftheeardrum.1.WhatisafeatureoftheEkoCore?A.Itisapalm-sizedmachine.B.Itcangreatlyamplifytheheart.C.Itallowsdoctorstocheckdatabycellphone.D.Itcanshowclearlytheimageoftheeardrum.2.Supportedbythehigh-techdevice,eyeexaminationcanbeconducted________.A.randomly B.automatically C.throughmobilephone D.fromadistance3.Whatdothefourmedicaldeviceshaveincommon?AUpdated. B.Cheap. C.Wireless. D.Pocketable.【答案】1.C2.D3.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。介绍的是几款使用便捷的医疗器械。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Itcanalsostreamtheheartbeatdatatothecloud,allowingthephysiciantoseetheheartbeatinwaveformonamobiledeviceaswellashearthesoundatanamplifiedlevel.(它还可以将心跳数据流到云端，让医生在移动设备上看到心跳的波形，并听到放大的声音。)”可知，EkoCore可以将监测的心跳数据上传至云端，医生可以通过相应的移动设备观看心跳的波形。即它使得医生通过手机检查数据。故选C。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“ThePersonalVisionTrackerandtheEyeQueInsightarelight,accurate,andinexpensivedevices.Theyallowforeyeteststobeperformedremotely.(个人视觉追踪器和EyeQueInsight是轻便、准确、廉价的设备。它们允许远程进行视力检查。)”可知，高科技的眼部检查设备能够实现的是远程视力检查。与D选项同意。故选D。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“The21st-centurydoctornowcarriesawholesetofdiagnostictoolsinhisbriefcase.(21世纪的医生现在会在公文包里装上一整套诊断工具)”可知，在当今医生所使用的检查设备都是可以装在包里的，即易携带的。阅读全文，第二段中“Thestethoscopegoesdigital(听诊器是数字化的)”和“Itcanalsostreamtheheartbeatdatatothecloud,allowingthephysiciantoseetheheartbeatinwaveformonamobiledeviceaswellashearthesoundatanamplifiedlevel.(它还可以将心跳数据流到云端，让医生在移动设备上看到心跳的波形，并听到放大的声音。)”可知，该设备可以通过移动设备观看，即使易携带的；第三段中“soitcanfitinthepalmofyourhand(所以它可以放在你的手掌里)”可知，Apalm-sizedECG设备是易携带的；根据倒数二段中“ThePersonalVisionTrackerandtheEyeQueInsightarelight(个人视觉追踪器和EyeQueInsight都是轻的)”可知，该设备是轻便的也是易携带的；根据最后一段中“Eartechinyourpocket(Eartech在你的口袋里)”可知，此类设备也具有轻便的特点。故本文介绍的几款先进医疗设备都具有易携带的特点。故选D。BChina’snewestonlinehitisapinkfoxcalledLinaBell,whoresidesinShanghaiDisneylandResort.AftermakingherfirstpublicappearanceonSeptember29,thelife-sizeplushanimalhastakentheChinesesocialmedia.OnWeibo,thehashtag(话题标签)ofLinaBellhadamountedtoover430millionviewsbyNovember19.UnlikeotherDisneycharacters,LinaBellhasneverbeenonthebigorsmallscreen.She’snotinanycartoonseriesormovieanddoesn’thaveafullbackstory.AllweknowisthatshemetDuffy,MickeyMouse’steddybear,intheforestandhelpedhimfindhiswayhome,accordingtoDisney’sintroductionvideoofthecharacter.Despiteherconfusinghistory,shehasgonetoconquertheheartsofmanyChinese.Butwhy?AlotisworkingforLinaBell.Disneysaysshe’s“afoxwithancuriousmindandtheintelligencethatsupportsit,”butthosewho’vecometoknowhersaytheywereswoonedbyheruniquepersonalityandadorableappearance.Videosofmeet-and-greetswiththepinkfoxareallovertheinternetandLinaBellcanbeseencommunicatingwitheveryvisitorthroughexpressivebodylanguage.Shecorrectsthosewhomispronouncehername,showsloveforthosequeuingupforhourstomeetherandhandsoutfreecandy.She’sbeencalledwitty,sharpandfun-loving.“IfeelcuredbyLinaBell,Iwatchhervideoseverynightbeforebed.IevengotanannualpasstoDisneyjustforher,”wroteabloggercalled“Dobby.”ShepostedavideoofhertalkingtoLinaBellonheraccountonsocialmediaplatform“LittleRedBook”andreceived15,000likes.Asa“locallybornandbred”Chinesefox,LinaBellcanunderstanddifferentChinesedialectsbeyondthatofShanghai,andcancommunicatewithvisitorsfromdifferentpartsofChina.“Withorwithoutherfanswaitinginline,LinaBellisdeliveringloveandwarmth,shemademeforgetallthedispleasureofreallife,”readsonepopularcommentbyMissLuo.“Maybethisisthepowerofmagic.”4.WhichofthefollowingsetsLinaBellapartfromotherDisneycharacters?A.Sheloveshelpinganimalsintheforest.B.SheisnotacharacterinamovieorTVseries.C.Shekeepsupdatinghereverydaylifebypostingvideosonline.D.ShefirstappearedonDisney’sintroductionvideoonSeptember29.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“swooned”inParagraph3probablymean?A.Trapped. B.Infected. C.Astonished. D.Attracted.6.WhatcanbestdescribeLinaBell?A.Friendlyandsensitive. B.Humorousandadorable.C.Cuteandignorant. D.Intelligentandtricky.7.Whatisthebesttitleforthearticle?A.ThemysteryofLinaBell. B.TheattractionofShanghaiDisneyland.C.ThepopularityofDisney’spinkfox. D.Thebirthofanewcartooncharacter.【答案】4.B5.D6.B7.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲的是中国最新的网红——一只粉红色的狐狸LinaBell。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段的“UnlikeotherDisneycharacters,LinaBellhasneverbeenonthebigorsmallscreen.She’snotinanycartoonseriesormovieanddoesn’thaveafullbackstory.(与其他迪士尼角色不同，LinaBell从未出现在大屏幕或小屏幕上。她没有出现在任何卡通系列或电影中，也没有完整的背景故事)”可知，将LinaBell与其他迪士尼角色区分开来的是她不是电影或电视剧中的一个角色。故选B。【5题详解】词句猜测题。根据第二段的“Despiteherconfusinghistory,shehasgonetoconquertheheartsofmanyChinese.(尽管她的历史令人困惑，但她已经征服了许多中国人的心)”可知，很多人喜欢她，被她吸引，因此划线词的意思是“着迷”，也就是“吸引”，和attract意思相近。故选D。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段的“She’sbeencalledwitty,sharpandfun-loving.(人们说她机智、犀利、风趣)”和第三段的“butthosewho’vecometoknowhersaytheywereswoonedbyheruniquepersonalityandadorableappearance(但了解她的人说他们被她独特的个性和可爱的外表迷住了)”可知，最能描述LinaBell的是幽默的和可爱的。故选B。【7题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段的“China’snewestonlinehitisapinkfoxcalledLinaBell,whoresidesinShanghaiDisneylandResort.AftermakingherfirstpublicappearanceonSeptember29,thelife-sizeplushanimalhastakentheChinesesocialmedia.OnWeibo,thehashtag(话题标签)ofLinaBellhadamountedtoover430millionviewsbyNovember19.(中国最新的网红是一只住在上海迪士尼度假区的粉红狐狸，名叫LinaBell。在9月29日首次公开亮相后，这只真人大小的毛绒动物已经在中国社交媒体上走红。截至11月19日，微博上“LinaBell”标签的阅读量已超过4.3亿)”可知，本文主要讲的是粉红色狐狸LinaBell在中国很受欢迎，因此最好的题目是C选项“ThepopularityofDisney’spinkfox.(迪士尼的粉红狐狸受欢迎的程度)”。故选C。CWearrivedheretofindeverythingwasinchaos.Thewholeislandisflooded.Manypeoplehavefledtomountainstoescape.Thehospitalisbadlydamagedandinamess;itcannotbeusedatthemoment.MycolleaguesonthemedicalteamandIaregoingtosetupatemporarycliniconthenorthsideofthetown.Medicalsuppliesarenowontheirwayfromabroad.Oneofthehealthproblemsisthatpeoplewhoneedtotakemedicinesregularlycannotgetholdoftheminadisastersuchasthis.Themajorityofwoundsarefromwallsandroofsthathavefallenonpeople.Thewatermakesitdifficultforthecutsandwoundstogetbetterandeasyforbacteriatospread.Meanwhile,shelterandaccesstofoodandcleanwaterarebigproblems.OnegoodthinghereisthatmanypeoplecanspeakEnglishorFrench.Thismakesiteasiertocommunicateandfindoutaboutpeople’sproblems.Itseemsthatmanypeopleherejustneedtotalk,soIamfindingthatmyjobisnotlimitedtobeinganurse.Itisalsobeingapersonwhocanlistentoandcomfortothers.Itisquitehorribletoimaginelosingeverythingincludingsomeofyourfamily.Ourfirstjobherewastotrytoorganizeaplacetoburythepeoplewhowerekilled.Weneededtodothisassoonaspossibletostopdiseasespreading.ThatwasreallyahorriblejobandIfeltsosorryfortheirrelatives.WhenIthinkbacktoalltheexperiencesthatIhavebeenaroundtheworldsincejoiningDoctorswithoutBorders,IfeltthatIhavebeenveryluckytobeabletohelpothersanddosomethingworthwhile.NowImustthinkabouttomorrow.Wehopetheclinicwillbeopenand1won’thaveanytimetowritemydiary.ThisexperiencemakesmeappreciateallthethingsIhaveandgivesmethechancetoseethingsfromanotherangle.IknowIcan’tchangethewholeworld,butI’mproudthatIcanhelphereandthere,andmakeadifferencetopeople’slives.8.What’sthepurposeofthefirstparagraph?A.Tointroducetheisland. B.Toexpressanopinion.C.Tohighlightthesituation. D.Todescribelocallife.9.Whatproblemdidtheauthorandhercolleaguesfacewhenarrivingattheisland?A.Theydidn’thaveenoughfood.B.Theyfoundthehospitalgone.C.Theywereinneedoffinancialsupport.D.Theygotinfectedduetothepollutedwater.10.WhatcanbeinferredfromParagraph3?A.Theauthorfounditimportanttooffersympathytothoseinneed.B.Theauthorwasnotonlyanursebutalsoworkedasaninterpreter.C.Peopleontheislandwerequitetalkativeandmanyenjoyedchatting.D.Therewasnolanguagebarrierbetweenthemedicalworkersandtheresidents.11.WhatcanwelearnaboutDoctorswithoutBorders?A.Itishorribleandadventurous. B.Itismeaningfulandhelpful.C.Itrequiresnothingbutcourage. D.Itpromisesbetterjobopportunities.【答案】8.C9.A10.D11.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇日记，作者描述了自己在无国界医生这个组织的工作。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段的“Wearrivedheretofindeverythingwasinchaos.Thewholeislandisflooded.Manypeoplehavefledtomountainstoescape.Thehospitalisbadlydamagedandinamess;itcannotbeusedatthemoment.(我们到了这里，发现一切都乱成一团。整个岛屿都被淹没了。许多人逃到山里躲避。医院受损严重，一片狼藉；目前还不能使用)”可知，第一段的目的是突出那个地方糟糕的环境。故选C。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段的“Meanwhile,shelterandaccesstofoodandcleanwaterarebigproblems.(与此同时，住房、食物和清洁用水都是大问题)”可知，作者和她的同事在到达小岛时遇到的问题是他们没有足够的食物。故选A。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段的“OnegoodthinghereisthatmanypeoplecanspeakEnglishorFrench.Thismakesiteasiertocommunicateandfindoutaboutpeople’sproblems.(这里的一个好处是，很多人会说英语或法语。这使得沟通和发现人们的问题变得更容易)”可知，医务人员和居民之间没有语言障碍。故选D。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段的“ThisexperiencemakesmeappreciateallthethingsIhaveandgivesmethechancetoseethingsfromanotherangle.IknowIcan’tchangethewholeworld,butI’mproudthatIcanhelphereandthere,andmakeadifferencetopeople’slives.(这段经历让我感激我所拥有的一切，让我有机会从另一个角度看问题。我知道我不能改变整个世界，但我很自豪，因为我可以在这里或那里帮助别人，改变人们的生活)”可知，无国界医生这个工作是有意义和有帮助的。故选B。DItisacommonlyheldbeliefthatsmilingtakesyearsoffyourappearancebyconveyinga

youthfuljoiedevive(生活之乐).Yetastudyhasfoundthatsmilingactuallymakespeoplelookolder,

unlesstheyareover60,inwhichcasethewrinkleshavesetinanditmakeslittledifference.Researchersshowedparticipantshundredsofphotographsoffacesofpeopleagedbetween20

and80,eithersmilingorwithaneutralexpression,andwereaskedtoestimatetheirage.Thefacesof

youngerpeopleintheirtwentiesandthirtieswere“strongly”and“reliably”identifiedaslooking

olderwhentheyweresmiling.However,smilinghadlittleornoeffectontheperceivedageofthose

overtheageof60.Thestudyfoundthatformiddle-agedpeoplebetweentheagesof40and60,genderplayeda

roleinwhethersmilingalteredtheperceivedage.Meninthisagecategoryappearedolderwhenthey

smiledbutfortheirfemalecounterparts,smilinghadnoeffect.Researchersalsosuggestedthatitcouldbedowntothegenderdifferencesinlifestyleandskincarethatcouldaffectfacialwrinkling.Mr.Goodale,theleadresearcher,said:“Notonlydo

middle-agedmenhavemorewrinklesthanmiddle-agedwomen—thewrinklesaroundtheeyes

increasesmorewhenmiddle-agedmensmilethanitdoeswhenmiddle-agedwomensmile.”Thestudyfollowsasimilaroneundertakenin2018whichalsodisprovedthetheorythatsmiling

cantakeyearsoffyourappearanceThesamescientistspublishedapapersayingthatthebelief“well-rootedinmedia”was“acompletemisconception”.Theysaidthemisplacedbeliefwascausingsocialmediauserstopostageingphotosofthemselvesonline.12.Accordingtothepassage,whatiscommonlybelievedaboutsmiling?A.Smilingcanfillpeoplewithenergy. B.Smilingisbeneficialtoourhealth.C.Smilingquickenstheageingprocess. D.Smilingcanmakeoneappearyounger.13.Thefollowingfactorsareresponsibleforfacewrinklingexcept________.A.Lifestyle B.skincare C.profession D.gender14.Whichofthefollowingwilltheresearchersprobablyagreewith?A.Forthemiddle-aged,smilingaffectsmalesmorethanfemales.B.Forthoseofadvancedage,smilingmakesthemlookyounger.C.Toavoidlookingold,you’dbetternotsmilewhentakingphotos.D.Smilinghasthesameeffectonbothyoungadultsandtheelderly.15.Whatisthetexttype?A.Amedicalleaflet. B.Asciencereport. C.Anencyclopedia. D.Abiologytextbook.【答案】12.D13.C14.A15.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。通过研究，文章揭示了一个现象：微笑实际上让人看上去更老。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Itisacommonlyheldbeliefthatsmilingtakesyearsoffyourappearancebyconveyingayouthfuljoiedevive.(人们普遍认为，微笑通过传达年轻的快乐生活使你看上去年轻。)”可知，人们普遍认为，微笑会让人看上去更年轻。故选D。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中“Researchersalsosuggestedthatitcouldbedowntothegenderdifferencesinlifestyleandskincarethatcouldaffectfacialwrinkling.(研究人员还表示，可能是生活方式和皮肤护理方面的性别差异影响了面部皱纹。)”可知，影响人面部皱纹的因素有性别、生活方式以及皮肤护理，没有提及职业的影响。故选C。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中“Thestudyfoundthatformiddle-agedpeoplebetweentheagesof40and60,genderplayedaroleinwhethersmilingalteredtheperceivedage.(研究发现，对于40岁到60岁的中年人来说，微笑是否会改变他们所感知的年龄，性别起着一定的作用。)”以及“Meninthisagecategoryappearedolderwhentheysmiledbutfortheirfemalecounterparts,smilinghadnoeffect.(这个年龄段的男性微笑时显得更老，但对女性来说，微笑没有影响。)”可知，在40-60岁的中年人来说，微笑对男性的影响更明显，而女性不受微笑的影响。故选A。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中“Thestudyfollowsasimilaroneundertakenin2018whichalsodisprovedthetheorythatsmilingcantakeyearsoffyourappearance.Thesamescientistspublishedapapersayingthatthebelief“well-rootedinmedia”was“acompletemisconception”.(在此之前，2018年进行了一项类似的研究，该研究也证明了微笑可以让你年轻好几岁的理论是错误的。这些科学家发表了一篇论文，称“根植于媒体”的观点是“一个完全的误解”。)”可知，文章通过研究实验讲述了一个新的发现，微笑实际上让人看上去更老。故本文出自于科学报告。故选B。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Thetomatoisdefinitelyoneofthemostpopularofallhomegrownvegetablesandforgood

reason.____16____Theycanbegrowningardenbeds,growbags,pottedvegetablegardensoreven

hangingbaskets.Thoughbuyingcommerciallygrownplantsfromagardencenteroronlineisquite

handy,somejustprefergrowingtomatoestheotherway.____17____Thetrickistostartyourseedraisingearlyeitherinagreenhouseorindoors,especiallyincolderclimates.SOWyourseedsaboutfourweeksbeforethelastexpectedfrost.Fillsomeseedtraysorsmall

potswithagoodqualitypottingsoil.____18____Actuallyevensomesoilfromthegardenwillwork.

Afteranywherefrom3-15daysyoushouldstarttoseelittleshootssproutingoutofthesoil.TRANSPLANTyourseedlingsoncetwotrueleaveshaveformed.Gentlytakeoutyour

seedlingandplantitintothenewpotbutplantituptojustbelowitsfirstleaves.____19____WATERyourplantsfrequentlyenoughwhenrequiredtotryandkeepthesoilevenlymoist.

FEEDyourtomatoplantswithagoodqualitytomatofeedevery10-14days.____20____HARVESTyourtomatoeswhentheyarefullyripenedonthevineandenjoywhatyourhard

workhasprovidedyouwith.A.Butdon’tworryifyoucan'tgetthis.B.Thisensuresadeeperandstrongerroot.C.Theyarevibrant,deliciousandeasytogrow.D.Growingtomatoesfromseediseasyandquiterewarding.E.Oryoucanmakeyourownhomemadeorganicliquidfertilizer.F.Thismeansyoushouldkeepthem50cm/20inchesapartfromeachother.G.Tomatoesarewarmseasonplantsandcanbeplantedwithotherslikeeggplantsandpotatoes.【答案】16.C17.G18.A19.B20.E【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。番茄绝对是最受欢迎的家庭种植蔬菜之一，文中具体介绍了几个种植番茄的小技巧。【16题详解】根据前文的“Thetomatoisdefinitelyoneofthemostpopularofallhomegrownvegetablesandforgoodreason.(番茄绝对是最受欢迎的家庭种植蔬菜之一，这是有原因的。)”可知，下文应该陈述的是番茄之所以成为最受欢迎的家庭种植蔬菜之一的原因。C选项“Theyarevibrant,deliciousandeasytogrow.(它们生机勃勃，美味可口，易于种植。)”中的they指代的就是番茄，同时句中的“易于种植”则是番茄绝对是最受欢迎的家庭种植蔬菜之一的主要原因。C选项承接前文。故选C。【17题详解】根据后文的“Thetrickistostartyourseedraisingearlyeitherinagreenhouseorindoors,especiallyincolderclimates.(诀窍在于，无论是在温室还是室内，尤其是在寒冷的气候条件下，都要尽早开始播种。)”可知，此处强调的是种植西红柿的最佳时间，即无论是温室还是寒冷的气候都要尽早播种。前文应该交代的是尽早播种西红柿的原因。G选项“Tomatoesarewarmseasonplantsandcanbeplantedwithotherslikeeggplantsandpotatoes.(西红柿是温暖季节的植物，可以和茄子、土豆等其他植物一起种植。)”指出，因为西红柿是温暖季节的植物，所以需要早播种。G选项引起下文。故选G。【18题详解】根据前文“Fillsomeseedtraysorsmallpotswithagoodqualitypottingsoil.(在一些种子盘或小盆中填入优质的盆栽土壤。)”可知，种植西红柿需要一些优质的盆栽土壤。根据后文的“Actuallyevensomesoilfromthegardenwillwork.(实际上，花园里的一些土壤也可以。)”可知，这些土壤并不是很难弄到的。A选项“Butdon’tworryifyoucan'tgetthis.(但如果你弄不到也不用担心。)”中的this指代的即为前文提到的优质的盆栽土壤。引起下文，如何获得优质的盆栽土壤。故选A。【19题详解】根据前文的“Gentlytakeoutyourseedlingandplantitintothenewpotbutplantituptojustbelowitsfirstleaves.(轻轻地取出幼苗，把它栽到新花盆里，但是要栽到第一片叶子下面。)”可知，在移植番茄苗，把它栽种到新花盆里的时候，要栽到第一片叶子下面。后文应该强调的是这么做的原因是什么。B选项“Thisensuresadeeperandstrongerroot.(这确保了一个更深更强的根基。)”中的this指代的就是“要把番茄苗栽到第一片叶子下面”的做法，解释了这么做的原因就是确保番茄苗在新的花盆里能够有更深更强的根基。故选B。【20题详解】根据前文的“Feedyourtomatoplantswithagoodqualitytomatofeedevery10-14days.(每10-14天喂一次优质的番茄饲料。)”可知，设空处强调的是喂番茄苗的饲料。E选项“Oryoucanmakeyourownhomemadeorganicliquidfertilizer.(或者你也可以自制有机液体肥料。)”强调的是，还可以自制有机液体肥料，与前文呼应。故选E。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空格处的最佳选项。Whetherornotwecaretoadmitit,we’reallfamiliarwithprocrastination:waitinguntilthelast

minutetocatchupwithpressingtasks.Theantidote(矫正方法)—whileeasiersaidthandone—is

____21____tostartonyourassignmentssooner.Butinyourpursuitof____22____procrastination,isitpossibletogotoofar?DavidRosenbaum,aprofessorofpsychologyattheUniversityofCalifornia,Riverside,

certainlythinksso.Hisresearch____23____onthedangersof“precrastination”,the____24____to

rushtooquicklyintotasks.As____25____toaprocrastinator,whomightleaveaninboxfullofemailsuntoucheduntil

thenextday,aprecrastinatorwouldreadand____26____toeachofthemfirstthinginthe

morning.Thiscanmeanreducingalotofamountofthepreciousenergytheymightneedfora

moreurgent____27____lateron.Sowhydopeopleprecrastinate?Rosenbaumsaysthatformost,it’stoughto____28____reaching

forlow-hangingfruit.Whenyoucompletesimpleshort-termtasks,youhaveonefewerthingtothink

about—“Icanwrapthisupinfiveminutes.Whynot____29____itnow?”Thereal____30____ofprecrastinationcomeswhen,inyourrushtofinish,youencounterthe

naturallyhigherchanceofdoingyourworkincompletelyorinaccurately.Inthe____31____ofemails,sometimeswaitingtorespondcanshowrespectfor____32____thoughtoverexpediency(权宜之计).

Ofcourse,precrastinationisnotwithoutitsbenefits,butit’s____33____todosoonlywhenit

makessense.Chronicprecrastinatorsmustalsorealisethatit’sOKtosetunimportantthingsaside,

becausetheywillnotrequirehugemental____34____laterintheday,Rosenbaumsays.Besides,it

shouldbeagreedinoursocietythatit’sOKtobeallowedto____35____.21.A.entirely B.simply C.totally D.roughly22.A.beating B.improving C.achieving D.blaming23.A.calls B.relies C.focuses D.agrees24.A.attitude B.tendency C.solution D.answer25.A.devoted B.related C.regarded D.opposed26.A.apply B.appeal C.respond D.refer27.A.task B.appointment C.message D.talk28.A.keep B.resist C.practise D.start29.A.getholdof B.makeuseof C.makesenseof D.takecareof30.A.disadvantage B.struggle C.benefit D.reason31.A.face B.control C.case D.name32.A.ideal B.sudden C.efficient D.careful33.A.critical B.relevant C.objective D.ambitious34.A.health B.process C.development D.energy35.A.speedup B.slowdown C.showup D.fadeaway【答案】21.B22.A23.C24.B25.D26.C27.A28.B29.D30.A31.C32.D33.A34.D35.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章阐述的是如何提高工作效率，避免出现凡事爱“赶早”。21题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：矫正拖延症有一剂良方——虽然说时容易做时难——只要提早开始处理任务就⾏了。A.entirely完全地；B.simply仅仅地，简单地；C.totally总计地；D.roughly大概地。根据后文的“startonyourassignmentssooner.”可知，战胜拖延的方法就是简单地快速开始工作，故选B。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是当你试图战胜拖延症的时候，是否也有可能会矫枉过正呢？A.beating战胜；B.improving改善；C.achieving实现；D.blaming责备。根据前文的“Theantidote(矫正方法)—whileeasiersaidthandone—is____1____tostartonyourassignmentssooner.”可知，此处表达的是要战胜拖延症。故选A。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的研究重点关注“提前症”的危害——提前症指太过着急地完成任务的倾向。A.callon呼吁；B.relyon依赖于；C.focuson集中于；D.agreeon同意。根据后文的“onthedangersofprecrastination”可知，研究的重点关注在“提前症”的危害。故选C。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.attitude态度；B.tendency倾向；C.solution解决；D.answer回答。根据后文的“torushtooquicklyintotasks”可知，他的研究重点关注“提前症”的危害，这种危害就是太快地完成任务的倾向。故选B。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：⼀个拖延症患者可能会放着满满⼀个收件箱的邮件不管，⼀直拖到第⼆天才看。与之相反，提前症患者会把阅读和回复邮件当成早上头⼀件事。A.devoted致力于；B.related相关的；C.regarded被视为的；D.opposed相反的。根据后文的“aprecrastinatorwouldreadand____6____toeachofthemfirstthinginthemorning.”可知，此处是将拖延症患者和提前症患者进行比较，故与拖延症患者相反的是，提前症患者会将阅读和回复邮件当成一大早上的头一件事。故选D。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.apply申请；B.appeal呼吁；C.respond回复；D.refer提及。根据空后的“toeachofthemfirstthinginthemorning”可知，是回复信件。故选C。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这可能意味着他们耗费了宝贵的精⼒，⽽之后或许有更紧迫的任务需要这些精⼒。A.task任务；B.appointment约会；C.message信息；D.talk谈话。根据后文的“Whenyoucompletesimpleshort-termtasks,youhaveonefewerthingtothinkabout—“Icanwrapthisupinfiveminutes.”可知，耗费了宝贵的精力，之后更紧迫的任务就没有精力完成了。故选A。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：罗森鲍姆表示，对于大多数人来说，要忍住不去摘唾手可及的果实是很难的。A.keep保持；B.resist抵抗；C.practice练习；D.start开始。根据后文的“reachingforlow-hangingfruit.”可知，当人们遇到唾手可得的水果时，是很难抵抗的。故选B。【29题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：这件事我五分钟就可以搞定。为什么不现在就处理掉呢？A.getholdof握住；B.makeuseof利用；C.makesenseof说的通；D.takecareof处理，照顾。根据前文的“Icanwrapthisupinfiveminutes.”可知，既然五分钟就能解决该问题，为什么不立刻行动处理该问题呢？故选D。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：提前症真正的弊病在于，当你急着去完成⼀件事情的时候，你很⾃然地会更有可能漏做或者做错。A.disadvantage缺点，不足；B.struggle挣扎；C.benefit优点；D.reason理由。根据后文的“youencounterthenaturallyhigherchanceofdoingyourworkincompletelyorinaccurately.”可知，因为提前症会因为快速地提前工作，自然而然产生工作不完整和不准确的情况，故这是提前症的不足之处。故选A。【31题详解】考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：就电子邮件而言，有时等待回复可以显示出对深思熟虑的尊重，而不是权宜之计。A.infaceof面对；B.incontrolof控制；C.incaseof就…情况而言；D.innameof就…名字来说。根据前文的“aprocrastinator,whomightleaveaninboxfullofemailsuntoucheduntilthenextday”可知，此处继续是拿回复邮件的事情举例。故表示就拿邮件的例子来说。故选C。【32题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.ideal理想的；B.sudden突然的；C.efficient高效的；D.careful认真的。根据前文的“canshowrespect”可知，等待回复可以显示出对深思熟虑的尊重。故选D。【33题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当然，提前症并非没有好处，但重要的是得在合乎情理的时候提前。A.critical至关重要的；B.relevant相关的；C.objective客观的；D.ambitious雄心壮志的。根据后文的“whenitmakessense”可知，只有当合乎情理的时候，提前症是有好处的。这一点是至关重要的。故选A。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：罗森鲍姆说，习惯提前的人还必须认识到，把不重要的琐事先搁在一边也是可以的，因为这种事不需要你在之后花费巨大的精力来处理。A.health健康；B.process过程；C.development发展；D.energy精力。根据前文的“thatit’sOKtosetunimportantthingsaside”可知，将不重要的事情放在一边，不会耗费你的精力。故选D。【35题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：此外，我们的社会应该同意，允许提速是可以的。A.speedup加速；B.slowdown减速；C.showup出现；D.fadeaway褪色。根据前文“Ofcourse,precrastinationisnotwithoutitsbenefits.”可知，本段讲述的是提前症的好处。故如果整个社会中允许提前，或者提前成为主流的风向，都被大家所接受。那么提前症就是有好处的。故选A。第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Aroundtheworld,TraditionalChineseMedicine(TCM)is____36____hottopic.Itseemsthat

mosthealthfoodstoreshaveasectionwithTCMherbalremedies,andmanycitieshaveatleastone

acupuncture(针灸)clinic.What’smore,someWesterndoctorsrecommendTCMforcertain

illnesses.WithinChina,TCMis____37____(wide)used.Allinall,28%ofdrugsalesinChinaare

madeup____38____medicinalherbs,andthereareover4,000TCMhospitalsinChina.Let____39____(we)takealookathowTCMstarted.Inancienttimes,manypeoplearoundtheworldthoughtthatillnesses____40____(cause)byevil

spirits,andsospellsandprayerswereusedtogetridofthespiritsandthusbringrelief.Atthesame

time,somedoctorsinChinarecognizedthatmanyillnesseshad____41____(vary)possiblenatural

causes.Thedoctorsbelievedthatsinceillnesseswerenaturalinorigin,theycouldbecuredthrough

naturalremedies.PerhapsthemostimportantoftheseearlydoctorswasQinYueren,whowandered

fromplacetoplace,____42____(provide)medicalcaretothoseinneed.Hewassorespected____43____peoplecalledhimBianQue.MuchofwhathasbeenpasseddownthroughhistoryaboutBianQuehasalegendaryquality.

However,BianQuesought____44____(set)themedicalprofessiononafirmbasisofpreventative

treatment,observingsymptoms,andofferingnatural____45____(cure)withoutresortingtospells.【答案】36.a37.widely38.of39.us40.werecaused41.various42providing43.that44.toset45.cures【解析】【导语】本文为一篇说明文。中医，在中国被广泛使用，也受到西方医生的推荐，文章介绍了中医的由来，并介绍了古代名医扁鹊。【36题详解】考查冠词。句意：在世界范围内，中医是一个热门话题。设空处在系动词后，表语hottopic前，应填不定冠词，表泛指，hot为辅音音素开头的，故填a。【37题详解】考查副词。句意：在中国，中医被广泛使用。修饰动词用副词，wide副词为widely，意为“广泛地，范围广地”。故填widely。【38题详解】考查介词。句意：总的来说，中国药品销售的28%是草药，此处考查动词短语bemadeupof，意为“由……所组成”，为固定短语，设空处应填介词of。故填of。【39题详解】考查宾格。句意：让我们来看看中医是如何开始的。及物动词let后接宾语，人称代词应用宾格，we的宾格为us，作宾语。故填us。【40题详解】考查动词时态、语态。句意：在古代，世界各地的许多人认为疾病是由恶灵引起的，所以人们用符咒和祈祷来驱除恶灵，从而带来解脱。根据时间状语“Inancienttimes”，陈述过去的动作，应用一般过去时态；that后为宾语从句，设空处为从句的谓语动词，cause与逻辑主语illnesses之间为动宾关系，故用被动语态；主语为复数，故助动词用were。故填werecaused。【41题详解】考查形容词。句意：与此同时，中国的一些医生认识到，许多疾病都有各种可能的自然原因。设空处修饰复数名词causes，应用形容词，vary的形容词为various，意为“各种各样的”，作定语。故填var