语法讲解比较级和最高级课件八年级英语上册

比较级和最高级

（一）

Comparative&SuperlativeDegrees比较级与最高级：一、形容词\副词比较级、最高级的构成：1.一般在词尾加-er构成比较级，加-est构成最高级。如：longcoldfreshsmartquiet

longer

longest

colder coldest

fresher

freshest

smarter

smartest

quieter

quietestA.规则变化：2.以e结尾的直接在其后加-r构成比较级，加-st构成最高级。如：nicelargecutelate

nicer

nicest

larger largest

cuter

cutest

later

latest

3.只有一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节单词，要双写最后一个辅音字母再加-er构成比较级，加-est构成最高级。如：hotthinbigwetfatred

hotter

hottest

thinnerthinnest

bigger

biggestwetter

wettest

fatter

fattest

redderreddest(大红湿热肥瘦)4.以辅音字母加y结尾的词，去y，再加-ier构成比较级，加-iest构成最高级。如：earlyheavyhappyhealthylazyfunny

earlier

earliest

heavier heaviest

happier

happiest

healthier

healthiest

lazier

laziest

funnier funniest5.部分双音节词和多音节词前面加more或themost构成比较级或是最高级。如：beautifuldangerousactiveimportantusefulcarefullyexpensivedeliciousdifficultpopular

morebeautiful

the

mostbeautifulmoredangerous themostdangerousmoreactive themostactivemoreimportant themostimportantmoreuseful themostusefulmorecarefully themostcarefullymoreexpensive themostexpensivemoredelicious themostdeliciousmoredifficult themostdifficultmorepopular themostpopular

特殊：部分双音节单词也借助more,most:lovely,tired,famous,slowly,serious两种皆可：friendly,clever,oftenB.不规则变化。如：

better bestworse worstmore mostless leastolder

oldestelder eldestfarther farthest

further furthestgood\wellbad\ill\badlymany\muchlittleoldfar“两好”“三坏”“两多”“一小”“一老”“一远”strongtallnicebravestrongernicerstrongestnicestbigfatthinlazyuglybiggerlazierbiggestlaziesttallertallestbraverbravestfatterfattestthinnerthinnestuglierugliest2b二、基本结构：比较级的基本结构：他比我高。Heistallerthanme.他跑得比我快。Herunsfasterthanme.这本书比那本有趣。Thisbookismoreinterestingthanthatone.用于两个人或事物之间进行比较。than后边的比较对象可以是一个词，一个短语或一个句子。比较级+than+比较对象他比你早。Heisearlierthanyou.1.可以修饰比较级的程度副词:四A：alot,alittle,abit,agreatdeal确实：rather 仍然：still 没有：no任何：any …得多：much(many)甚至：even 远：far2.只能修饰原级的词：very,quite,so,too四A确实仍然没有任何马骑，甚至说，怎么走远？B.比较级前表程度的词：Jane

比

Maria

漂亮得多。JaneismuchmorebeautifulthanMaria.他比他的弟弟高一点点。Heisalittletallerthanhisbrother.乡村比城市安静得多Thecountrysideismuchquieterthanthecity.that

可以用来代替前面提到过的可数名词单数或不可数名词；those可以用来代替前面提到过的可数名词复数。1.TheweatherinChongqingishotterthan________inBeijing.2.ThecoffeeproducedinBrazilismorefamousthan________inMexico.3.Thepicturesontheleftismorebeautifulthan_______ontheright.thatthatthose“the+最高级+in/of/among+比较范围”用于三者或三者以上进行比较。“某人（某物）在某范围内最…”。他是所有男孩中跑得最快的。Herunsthefastestofalltheboys.

Hestudiesthehardestof/amongus.他是我们当中学习最努力。她是我们班最好的学生。Sheisthebeststudentinourclass.C.最高级的基本结构：她在我们班是写作业最认真的。Shedoeshomeworkthemostcarefullyinourclass.上海是中国最大的城市之一。ShanghaiisoneofthebiggestcitiesinChina.1.sky [skaɪ] n.天，天空蓝天天更蓝了theblueskyTheskyisbluer.2.river ['rɪvə] n.河，江一条河流很多河流arivermanyrivers3.clear [klɪə] adj.清澈的；明白清楚的，明显的；晴朗的v.移走，清除你清楚了吗Areyouclear?河流更清澈Theriversareclearer.It’sclearthat+从句显而易见4.beauty [ˈbjuːti] n.美丽；美人beauties

nature [ˈneɪtʃə] n.自然；性质享受自然之美/自然美景enjoythebeautyofnature5.horse [hɔːs] n.马horses

hen [hen] n.母鸡henscow [kaʊ] n.母牛，奶牛cowsfrog [frɒɡ] n.青蛙，蛙frogs

sheep [ʃiːp] n.(pl.sheep)(绵)羊；驯服者害群之马blacksheep注意：asheepmanysheep6.thin [θɪn] adj.瘦的；薄的；稀的鸭子们比鹅们瘦一点Theducksarealittlethinnerthanthegeese.鸭子们比猪们瘦很多Theducksaremuchthinnerthanthepigs.7.rose [rəʊz] n.玫瑰花我认为玫瑰是所有花里最娇艳的Ithinkrosesarethenicestofalltheflowers.2a

(Oneday,thechildrenwerevisitingafarm.)Y:Kangkang,what’sthestrongestanimalonthefarm?K:Horses.ButIthinkthe_______horseoverthereis_________thanthe________horse.S:Ithinkthesheeparethenicestofall.H:ButIthinkthiscatis_______.Heletsmeholdhim.Y:Thepigsmustbethefattestandlaziestanimalsonthefarm.Whatdoyouthink,Sally?S:ButIthinkthepigsare_______.Look!Theyareswimmingandchattingwiththehensandducks.K:Thecatisrunningafteramouseandthedogisplayingwiththerabbit.H:Look!Thecowsandthesheepareeating.Alltheanimalsarelivinga_______lifeonthefarm.tallerstrongershorternicercuterbetter1bListento1aandcheckthewordsyouhear._____fresher_____busier_____bluer_____taller_____bigger_____clearer

_____nicer_____quieter_____noisierWangWeilikesthecountrysideverymuchbecausehethinkstheairis_________,theskyis_______andtheriversare________there.Michaelthinksthecountrysideismuch________thanthecity,too,sopeoplecanenjoythebeautiesofnature.WangWeigoestothecountrysideeveryyearforhissummerholiday.fresherbluerclearer

quieterFillintheblanks.Thenreaditaloud.所填单词有什么特点？造句1.马比绵羊更大Thehorseisbiggerthanthesheep.2.母鸡比牛更小Thecowissmallerthanthecow.3.哪种动物更友好？青蛙还是蛇？Whichkindofanimalisfriendlier,afrogorasnake?4.鹅比老鼠大很多Thegooseismuchbiggerthanthemouse.5.老鼠们是所有当中最小的Themicearethesmallest

ofall.用所给词的适当形式填空.1)Whichdoyoulike_________(well),thisoneorthatone?2)It’svery______________(expensive).Doyouhavesomething______________(cheap)?3)Whois________________(careful),Tom,LilyorLucy?Whoisthe__________________(healthy)ofthem?4)Thisbookis____________________(interesting)thanthatone.betterexpensivecheaperthemostcarefulhealthiestmoreinteresting5)Englishis_________________(interesting)thananyothersubject.Mathis__________________(difficult).6)Heisvery_____________(friend)tous.7)Thebookshopis___________(bad)thanthatone.8)What’s____________(good)clothingstoreintown?9)Alltheboysaretall,andTomis_____________(tall)inmyclass.themostdifficultfriendlymoreinterestingworsethebestthetallest10)Thecinemais_________________(cheap)inthetown.11)Jackis_____________(funny)personIknow.12)That’s______________________(beautiful)musicintheworld.13)I’m_____________(young)thanher.14)Sheis______________(tall)ofthetwo.thecheapestthefunniestthemostbeautifulyoungertaller比较级和最高级

（二）

比较级+and+比较级,表示“越来越…”越来越大越来越少(不可数)越来越少(可数)越来越多越来越胖biggerandbiggerlessandlessfewerandfewermoreandmorefatterandfatter1.比较级and比较级表示越来越……2.多音节形容词在表示“越来越…”时，常用moreandmore+形容词原形越来越困难越来越美丽越来越流行越来越重要moreandmoredifficultmoreandmorebeautifulmoreandmorepopularmoreandmore