2024届福建省漳州市高三下学期第四次教学质量检测英语试题

福建省漳州市2024届高三毕业班第四次教学质量检测英语试题注意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上。2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例:Howmuchistheshirt?A．£19.15． B．£9.18． C．£9.15．答案是C。1．Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A．Attheman’shome. B．Inarestaurant. C．Inanoffice.2．Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?A．Contactthecompany. B．Canceltheorder. C．Waitforseveraldays.3．Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A．Avaluablegift. B．Lifeexperiences. C．Jane’sclosefriend.4．Howdoesthewomansoundintheend?A．Relieved. B．Worried. C．Disappointed.5．WhydoesJulietalktoDr.Brian?A．Toaskforleave. B．Tohandinherpaper. C．Togetsomeadvice.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6．Whatdoesthemancaremostaboutrunningshoes?A．Thebrand. B．Thecolor. C．Thequality.7．Whatcolorshoesmaythemantake?A．Orange. B．Blue. C．White.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8．Whatisthemanlookingfor?A．Carkeys. B．Aticket. C．Abusschedule.9．Whendidthemanhaveacaraccident?A．Yesterdaymorning. B．Lastweek. C．Lastmonth.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10．Whatisthewomandoing?A．Chairingameeting.B．Hostingaprogram.C．Conductinganinterview.11．WhatwasMiles’mother’sattitudetowardhisplan?A．Indifferent. B．Supportive. C．Disapproving.12．Whatdoesthenon-profitorganizationdo?A．Donatemoneyfromsales.B．Cleanupplasticsintheocean.C．Callonkidstocleanwaterways.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13．WhyisEricmentionedintheconversation?A．Hehasanextraticket.B．Hewon’twatchthegame.C．HewillplayintheBigGame.14．Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers’A．Schoolmates. B．Colleagues. C．Brotherandsister.15．Whenwillthespeakersmeet?A．At1:30p.m. B．At1:00p.m. C．At12:30p.m.16．Howwillthespeakersgotothestadium?A．Bybus. B．Bytaxi. C．Bysubway.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17．Howshouldthefirstnotebookbeused?A．Recordthedifficultquestions.B．Makenotesasmuchaspossible.C．Copykeypointsforthenextlecture.18．Whatdoesthespeakersayaboutsleep?A．Sleepinonweekends.B．Takea40-minutenapdaily.C．Maintainaregularsleepschedule.19．Whichisthespeaker’sthirdpieceofadvice?A．Learningwithmusic.B．Stayingawayfromvideogames.C．Participatinginmoreschoolactivities20．Whatisthepointofdoingapart-timejobaccordingtotheresearch?A．Payforschoolfees.B．Gainworkexperience.C．Enhancetimemanagementability.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ATheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology（MIT）facilities（设施）havetheprimarypurposeofsupportingMIT’seducationalandresearchprogramsaswellasservingthelocalcommunity,thenation,andtheworld.AccesstoanduseoftheMITLibrariesisaprivilege（特权）extendedtothemembersoftheMITcommunityoffaculty,students,staffandtheirfamilies.VisitorscanaccessLibraries’resourcesforscholarly,research,andeducationalpurposes.MITLibrariesusepoliciesareconsistentwithcurrentMITcampuspolicies.PrinciplesforLibraryUseLibraryusersandstaffwillinteractwithmutualrespectandconsideration.Libraryuserswill:RespectprivateandInstituteproperty.ObeyallInstituteandLibraries’policies,licensingandcontractualagreements.Showvalididentificationuponrequest.UseMITLibraries’resources（content,equipment,orfacilities）safelyandappropriately.ProhibitedBehaviorsBehaviorsthatthreatenpersonalsafetyorthesecurityofpersonalorInstituteproperty.Behaviorsthatdisturbtheactivitiesofotherlibraryusersorstaff,includingexcessive（过度的）noise,cellphones,musicandrudeness.Alcohol,druguseandsmoking—asdetailedinMIT’sPolicyonSubstanceUse.TheMITLibrariesmaylimitorrefuseaccesstoindividualsorgroupswhofailtofollowtheseguidelines.InterpretationofpoliciesorguidelinesisatthedecisionoftheMITLibraries’staff.TheGeneralHourRulesWeekdays:Librariestypicallyoperatefromearlymorningtolateevening,withextendedhoursduringexaminations.Weekends:Reducedhoursareoffered,withgenerallylateropeningandearlierclosingtimes.Specialhoursmayapplyduringholidays,breaks,andsummer.Somelibrariesmaycloseentirely,whileothersoperateonlimitedschedules.Usersareadvisedtoconsultthelibrarywebsiteforthemostcurrentinformationonspecifichours,closures,andexceptions.21．WhatisthemainpurposeoftheMITLibraries?A．TopromoteMIT’sacademicpursuit.B．Toserveasapubliclibraryforthenation.C．ToprovideInternetaccessforMITstudents.”D．Toofferagatheringcenterforthelocalcommunity.22．Whatbehaviorwouldresultinrestrictedaccess?A．Usinglibraryresourcesforessays.B．Inquiringaboutcheckingoutbooks.C．Presentingvalididentificationasrequired.D．Engaginginlouddiscussionswithlibraryusers.23．Whatisthelibraries’hourrule?A．Openearlyonweekends.B．Flexiblehoursondemand.C．Closedentirelyduringthesummer.D．Longerhoursinexamsessionsonweekdays.BRaisedinJacksonville,asmalltowninNorthCarolina,ChristinaKochalwaysknewshewantedtobeanastronaut.Thisdreambeganasearlyaskindergarten,duringatimewhenspaceflightwasdominatedbymen.“Fortunately,whenItoldmykindergartenteachersthatIwantedtobeanastronauttheysupportedme.Noonetoldmethatitwasunattainable.Andwhetheritwasmyownhard-headednessorthatencouragement,Ididgofullforwardintopursuingmydreamtobecomeanastronaut,”shesays.KochfoundinspirationinpioneerslikeSallyRideandMaeJemison,butalsoineverydayheroes—fromcivilrightsactiviststoherindependentgrandmother.Theseexamples,alongwithherfamily’semphasisonhardwork,instilledinherthecouragetochaseherdreams.KochstudiedphysicsandelectricalengineeringbeforejoiningNASAattheGoddardSpaceFlightCenter,whereshecontributedtothedevelopmentofscientificinstrumentsonseveralspacemissions.Drivenbyathirstforadventure,shespentayearinAntarctica’stoughenvironmentandtheninotherremotelocationslikeGreenland.Unsurprisingly,shecitedphotography,travel,campingandclimbingamongherhobbies.Theultimatefulfillment（实现）ofherdreamcamein2013,whenshewasselectedasanastronaut,joiningagroundbreakingclasswithanequalnumberofmenandwomen.Previously,womencomprisedonly17%ofNASA’sastronauts.Aftercompletingtrainingin2015,shewasassignedherfirstlong-staymissionontheInternationalSpaceStation（ISS）.Hersuccessisundeniable.AspartoftheArtemisIImission,scheduledfor2025,she’lltravelfurtherthananyhumansinceApollo,anevidenceofherconstantambition.Kochadvocatesfollowingpassionsandembracingchallenges.“Dowhatscaresyou,”sheadvises,“becausethosethingsoftenleadtothegreatestfulfillmentandcontributions.”Besides,Kochalsosaysthatthere’sonethatshouldneverbeforgotten:“Supportthepeoplearoundyou.Makesurethatyou’rethinkingaboutthesuccessofthosearoundyou,thatyou’rehelpingthem,andtogetherweallwillachieveasmuchaswepossiblycan.”24．WhatinitiallymotivatedKochtobecomeanastronaut?A．Herdesiretopushherselftothelimit.B．Herearlyenthusiasminspaceexploration.C．Herwishtorewardherkindergartenteachers.D．Herambitiontochangethepositionofwomenastronauts.25．Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A．Kochinventedsomescientificdevices.B．Rochsetarecordforthelongestspaceflight.C．VarioushobbiespreparedKochforadventure.D．RolemodelsimpactedKochgreatlyinherlifejourney.26．WhatdoesKoch’sadviceindicate?A．Seekingsupportiscrucialfordreamchasers.B．Beingkindtoothersisthestepstonetosuccess.C．Welcomingchallengesleadstopersonalgrowth.D．Workingtirelesslyiskeytoovercomingbarriers.27．Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?A．ChristinaKoch:AnExplorerofNatureB．ChristinaKoch:ADreamPursuertoSpaceC．ChristinaKoch:ARoleModelfromJacksonvilleD．ChristinaKoch:ADistinguishedFemaleScientistCItisverylikelythatyoueatthreemealsaday.Modernlifeisdesignedaroundthiswayofeating.However,isthisthehealthiestwaytoeat?Beforeconsideringhowfrequentlyweshouldeat,scientistsurgeustoconsiderwhenweshouldn’t.Intermittentfasting（间歇性断食）,whereyourestrictyourfoodintaketoaneight-hourwindow,hasbecomeapopularareaofresearch.“Itallowsourdigestivesystemtorest,”saysEmilyManoogianattheSalkInstituteforBiologicalStudies.RozalynAndersonattheUniversityofWisconsinexplains,“Fastingputsthebodyinadifferentstate,whereit’smorereadytoclearmisfoldedproteins.”Misfoldedproteinsarefaultyversionsofordinaryproteins,whichhavebeenassociatedwithanumberofdiseases.Butifintermittentfastingisahealthywaytoeat,howmanymealsdoesthisleaveroomfor?Someexpertsarguethatitisbesttohaveonemealaday.Manoogiandoesnotrecommenddoingthis,sinceitcanincreasethelevelofglucose（葡萄糖）inourbloodwhenwearenoteating.Keepingbloodglucoselevelsdownrequireseatingmoreregularlythanonceaday,asthispreventsthebodyfromthinkingthatitisstarvingandreleasingmoreglucosewhenyoudoeventuallyeatinresponse.Instead,shesays,twotothreemealsadayisbest—withmostofyourcaloriesconsumedearlierintheday.“So,yourbodycanusetheenergyyoufeeditthroughouttheday,ratherthanitbeingstoredinyoursystemasfat.”Buteatingtooearlyinthemorningshouldbeavoided,asthiswouldnotgiveyousufficienttimetofast.Thisdoesnotmeanweshouldskipbreakfastaltogether,either,butsomeevidencesuggestsweshouldwaitanhourortwoafterwakingupbeforecrackingopentheeggs.Isintermittentfastingrealistic?Manoogianthinksthatitisbestnottospecifythebesttimetoeat,asthiscanbedifficultforpeoplewithresponsibilitiesandirregulartimecommitments,suchasthoseworkingnightshifts.Butwhateverchangesyoumake,researchersagreethatconsistencyiscrucial.28．Whatcanweknowaboutintermittentfasting.A．Itfocusesonwhattoeat.B．Itcuresanumberofdiseases.C．Itkeepsthedigestivesystemclean.D．Itlimitsfoodintaketoafixedduration.29．WhatdoesManoogianagreewith?A．Caloriescanbehardlyconsumedintheevening.B．Frequentmealsbringaboutsteadybloodglucose.C．Twotothreemealsinthedayreducesstorageoffat.D．Earlyeatingisrecommendedforintermittentfasting.30．WhatdoesParagraph3mainlytalkabout?A．Howintermittentfastingistested.B．Whetherintermittentfastingissafe.C．Howintermittentfastingispracticed.D．Whenpeopleeatduringintermittentfasting.31．What’sthebasicprincipleofintermittentfasting?A．Stickingtoaroutine.B．Definingabestmealtime.C．Havingregularworkinghours.D．Maintainingconsistentmenus.DAstarfishhasfiveidenticalarmswithalayerof“tubefeet”beneaththem.Haveyoueverwonderedwhetherstarfishhavedefinedfrontandbackends—andiftheyhavenoheadsatall?Theanswer,suggestsnewgenetic（基因的）research,istheopposite.“It’sasifthestarfishiscompletelymissingatrunk,”saidLaurentFormeryatStanfordUniversity.“Andit’sbestdescribedasjustaheadcrawlingalongtheseafloor.”Starfishbelongtoechinodermswithlinesofsymmetry（对称）radiatingoutfromacenterpoint,likespokesonawheel.Sotheunusualanimalshaveuniquebodyplans（结构）arrangedinfiveequalsectionsthatgreatlydifferfromthebodiesofbilateralanimals,whichhaveleftandrightsidesmirroringeachother.Starfishbeginasfertilizedeggsthathatchandbecomelarvae（幼虫）thatfloatintheoceanforweekstomonthsbeforesettlingontheoceanfloor.There,theygothroughaprocessthattransformsabilateralbodyintoastarshape.“Thishasbeenamysteryforcenturies,”saidChristopherLoweatStanfordUniversity.Researchersusednewmethodsofgeneticsequencingtocreateanunprecedented3Dmaptodeterminewheregeneswereexpressedasstarfishdevelopedandgrew.Theyfoundthatgeneticfeaturesassociatedwiththedevelopmentofaheadweredetectedall-overthestarfishespeciallyconcentratedinthecenterofthestarandthecenterofeach“arm”.Meanwhile,geneexpressionfortrunksectionswaslargelyabsent.Thissuggestedthatstarfish“havethemostdramaticexampleofdecouplingoftheheadandthetrunkregionsthatweareawareoftoday,”saidFormery.StudyinggroupslikeechinodermscouldsolvesomeofthemostcomplexmysteriesabouttheevolutionoflifeonEarth.“Peoplearegenerallynotdrawntotheseanimals.andyettheyprobablyrepresenthowmuchoflifegotstarted,”Lowesaid.Understandinghowanimalslikestarfishhavedevelopedcouldalsoallowinsightsintothevariedwaysthatdifferentspeciesremainhealthy.DanielRokhsarattheUniversityofCaliforniasaid,“Ifweexploreunusualanimalsthatareoperatinginunusualways,thatmeanswearebroadeningourperspectiveofbiology.Thisiseventuallygoingtohelpussolvebothecologicalandbiomedicalproblems.”32．Inwhataspectarestarfishdifferent?A．Theyhavenotrunksatall.B．Theyhaveleftandrightsides.C．Theyhaveastarshapefrombirth.D．Theyhaveunequallystretchingarms.33．Howdidresearchersexplorethemysteryofstarfish?A．Bycreatingaseabedmap.B．Bycomparingbodyplans.C．Bylocatingtheirgeneexpressions.D．Bytrackingtheirdevelopmentandgrowth.34．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“decoupling”inParagraph4mean?A．Forming. B．Separating. C．Exchanging. D．Expanding.35．Whydoscientistsstudyunusualanimals?A．Torevealtheoriginoflife.B．Toimprovehealthofdiversespecies.C．Topromotetheresearchinrelatedfields.D．Toraisepeople’sconcernaboutmarineanimals.第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。“Medicineandtechnologymayfailusattimes,buthumanconnectiongroundedinloveandcompassionalwaysheals（治愈）.”ThosewordsfromDr.VivekMurthyarerelatabletomanyofusinthemedicalcommunitywhoincreasinglyencounterindividualssufferingfromlonelinessTherearemanycomplexfactorsdrivingloneliness.butitisclearthatpositivesocialconnectionsdoinfact“heal”.36Theymayevenprolongourlifespan.Hereareseveralactionsyoucantaketoimproveyoursocialconnectionsandsupportyourhealth.37Forinstance,asimplesmiletoastranger,afriendlyexchangewithastoreclerk,oracuriousquestionaboutapinorpieceofjewelryonacolleaguecanenrichyourdailylife.Formoresubstantialconnections,exploreactivities.withsharedinterests.Communitycenters,librariesandonlinegroupsaregreatresources.Communitycentersorganizeawiderangeofactivitiesforsocialconnections.38Joiningawalkinggroup,volunteeringatafoodbank,orsimplycallingalong-lostfriendcanprovideasenseofcommunityandpurpose.Ourdeepestsocialconnectionsareprovidedbythoseclosesttous.39Byengaginginopen-endedconversations,wecanbuildevenmoreprofoundandsupportivebonds.Suchrelationshipsarenotonlyabouttheeasytimes;theyalsoinvolvenavigatingchallengingdiscussions,whichshouldbeapproachedaschancestolearnandgrowtogether.40Butbytakingstepsnowtostarttobuildafoundationforstrongpositivesocialconnectionsinourfuture,wecanmakeourselvesandourcountryasawholehealthier.A．Deepsocialconnectionscanalsocomewithsomedrawbacks.B．Theremaybenoquickfixestoadesperatestateofloneliness.C．Lonelinesseanleadtofeelingsofsadnessandalackofpurpose.D．Evenshort,positiveinteractionsmaypositivelyimpactourhealth.E．Theseconnectionsgreatlyimproveourphysicalandmentalwell-being.F．Librariesoftenhostbooksigningsandlecturesthatencourageengagement.G．Intentionallydevelopingtheserelationshipsiscrucialforstrongsocialsupport.第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Lifecanchangeintheblinkofaneye.WhileBridgettewasintheparkinglot,togetherwithherkids,acarhitthem.Thisleftthem41beneaththecar.Thankfully,thedriverwasn’tgoingveryfastwhenshehitthem.Inthatmoment,shewas42bythesun,whichisthe43causeoftheaccident.However,assoonasshecould.she44outofthecartohelp.Soon,ChrisCrowder,CEOoftheschool,joinedher.Withoutdelay,he45agroupofstudentstohelp.“Itwas46,”Chrisrecalls.“Iimmediatelyjust47thebuildingbecauseIknewIhadtogetalotofpeopletoliftthiscar.Wehaveabout220domestickidsandover300internationalkidsattheschool.Theyjustheardme48.Allthesekidsfromdifferentcountriesjustcomerunningoutandliftitup.”Still,thiswasn’taneasy49.“Thecarwasheavy,”saysstudentJunier.“Wedidourbest,andthemomentIheardthekidscryingIwaslike,‘Oh,thankGod,thekidsaregood.’”Themotherandkidswere50.tothehospital.AlthoughBridgettesufferedthemostoftheinjuries,allthreeofthemareexpected-tomakecomplete51.AGoFundMehasbeenmadetohelpthefamilywith52:“Thankyouforyoursupportofthisamazingmotherandherbeautifulchildrenasthey53fromthistragicaccident,”KeatonSpeaks,creatoroftheGoFundMepageshares.“Wealsohavethe54husbandandfather,AndrewPonson,inourprayersashetakescareofhisfamilywholeheartedlydayandnight.”InadditiontobeinggratefulforBridgetteandherkids’saferescue,theheroicstudentswhohelpedarealsogettingtheir55praise.41．A．trapped B．lost C．ignored D．hidden42．A．warmed B．weathered C．blinded D．shone43．A．normal B．complex C．puzzling D．suspected44．A．jumped B．fell C．rolled D．slipped45．A．followed B．gathered C．pulled D．advised46．A．fierce B．competitive C．urgent D．strange47．A．searchedfor B．wanderedthrough C．pointedat D．rushedinto48．A．sigh B．scream C．weep D．pray49．A．project B．task C．preparation D．solution50．A．dragged B．appointed C．transported D．called51．A．judgements B．efforts C．returns D．recoveries52．A．expenses B．medicines C．foods D．wards53．A．learn B．heal C．escape D．change54．A．honest B．enthusiastic C．incredible D．optimistic55．A．promised B．desired C．continued D．deserved第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。ThethirdseasonofthemusicshowInfiniteandBeyondconcludedrecentlyonavideo-streamingplatform.Theprogrambroughttogetheradiversegroupofsingers,involvingvariousagegroups,56（perform）classicChinesepopmusicpieces.Theseclassicpopsongs57（recognize）asthepeakofcreativeachievement58theirrespectiveeras.Theynotonlyreflectthe59（high）levelofmusicalcraftsmanshipatthetimebutalsoleaveanenduringimpact,becoming60（influence）piecesofChinesepopmusic.61isevidentthatthedecisiontoreinterpretthesesongsonamusicshowisanintentionalefforttoshowthehistoryofChinesepopmusic.FromDecember2023toFebruary2024,theprogram62（present）sixconcertsandsixthemedsingingcompetitions.63（cover）arangeoftopicsincludingself-discovery,loveanddailylife,themusicshowaimedtoexhibitdifferent64（aspect）ofChinesepopmusic.Throughthisexploration,itsoughttoarousethe