2022-2023学年安徽省合肥市庐巢八校联考高二下学期5月期中考试英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1安徽省合肥市庐巢八校联考2022-2023学年高二下学期5月期中考试英语试题第一部分阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ATheBestHikingnearNewYorkCityIfyouwanttogohikingnearNewYorkCity,you’reinluck.Thesetrails(小径)canmeetyourneeds.YellowTrailatMountBeaconConsiderthis2.5-miletrailifyoudon’thaveenoughtime.YoucangoonaquickbutdifficulthiketherethatsendsyoustraightuptheMountBeacon.Youcantakeinbeautifulviewssimilartoitsmorepopularneighborsthere.Youcanevenwatchthesunset.Togetthere,takeMetro-NorthtoBeaconandthentakea5-minutewalktothebeginningofthetrail.StairwaytoHeavenTrailThetrailliesabout50milesoutsidethecity,butitallowsyoutogeteverythingyoueverwantedinahike.You’llgetgoodexerciseifyouchoosethe7.3-mile“StairwaytoHeaven”.TakeNJTransitbusroute196or197toWarwick,NewYork,andit’sjusta10-minutetaxiridetothebeginningofthetrail.CampSmithTrailThis3.5-milehikeisgreatforadaytripbyyourself.Withfairlyeasylandform(地形),evenyourfour-leggedfriendcanjoinyouonthetrail.TaketheMetro-NorthHudsonlinetoPeekskillStationforfreebusesortrainstotheBearMountainInn.AndyoucanhikeuptoseeunbelievableHudsonValleyview.IceCavesandVerkeerderkillFallsTrailAlongthe7-miletrail,youwillgetthroughthepassagesoftheIceCavesandwalkpastVerkeerderkillFalls.ThetrailisthehighestwaterfalltrailintheShawangunks.TaketheShortLinebusfromNewYorktonearbyEllenvilleandthentakea14-minutetaxiridetoSam’sPointPreserve.1.WhatcanyoudoifyouchooseYellowTrailatMountBeacon?A.Watchthewaterfall.B.Enjoythebeautyofnature.C.Haveteamsportsinthewild.D.Experiencemountainbiking.2.Whichtrailbestsuitsthosewhowanttohikewiththeirpetdogs?A.YellowTrailatMountBeacon.B.StairwaytoHeavenTrail.C.CampSmithTrail.D.IceCavesandVerkeerderkillFallsTrail.3.Whatdothefourtrailshaveincommon?A.Theyareeasytogetto.B.Theyarenearthecitycenter.C.Theyaresuitableforsmallkids.D.Theyattractmanyhikerseveryyear.〖答案〗1.B2.C3.A【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了纽约附近的四条最佳徒步旅行路线。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据YellowTrailatMountBeacon部分中“Youcantakeinbeautifulviewssimilartoitsmorepopularneighborsthere.Youcanevenwatchthesunset.(在那里你可以欣赏到与更受欢迎的邻近地区相似的景色。你甚至还可以观赏日落)”可知，如果你选择YellowTrailatMountBeacon路线，你可以欣赏自然美景。故选B。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据CampSmithTrail部分的第二句“Withfairlyeasylandform(地形),evenyourfour-leggedfriendcanjoinyouonthetrail.(地形相当简单，甚至你四条腿的朋友也可以加入你的徒步旅行)”可知，CampSmithTrail这条路线最适合那些想带着宠物狗一起去徒步的人。故选C。【3题详析】细节理解题。根据YellowTrailatMountBeacon部分最后一句“Togetthere,takeMetro-NorthtoBeaconandthentakea5-minutewalktothebeginningofthetrail.(要到达那里，请乘坐Metro-North到Beacon，然后步行5分钟到小径的起点)”、StairwaytoHeavenTrail部分最后一句“TakeNJTransitbusroute196or197toWarwick,NewYork,andit’sjusta10-minutetaxiridetothebeginningofthetrail.(乘坐NJTransit巴士196或197路到纽约沃里克，只需10分钟的出租车车程即可到达小径的起点)”、CampSmithTrail部分倒数第二句“TaketheMetro-NorthHudsonlinetoPeekskillStationforfreebusesortrainstotheBearMountainInn.(乘坐地铁—北哈德逊线到皮克斯基尔站，乘坐免费巴士或火车到熊山酒店)”和IceCavesandVerkeerderkillFallsTrail部分最后一句“TaketheShortLinebusfromNewYorktonearbyEllenvilleandthentakea14-minutetaxiridetoSam’sPointPreserve.(从纽约乘坐短途巴士到附近的埃伦维尔，然后乘坐14分钟的出租车到山姆角保护区)”可知，这四条路线都有便利的交通，即它们易于前往。故选A。BWhenshewasjust9yearsold,HildeLysiakbecamefamousacrosstheUnitedStatesforreportingondifficultnewsstories.NowHildehaswrittenabooktellingherownstoryandsharingsomeofthechallengesshefaced.Hilde’sfatherwasareporterforNewYorkDailyNews.Whenshewasyoung,heoftentookhertoworkwithhim,andshedevelopedastronginterestinnewsstoriesandreporting.Whenshewas8,HildestartedherownnewspapercalledOrangeStreetNews(OSN)andshedidthewriting,hersistertookpictures,andherfatherhelpedherorganizeandprintthenewspaper.Followingtherulestaughtbyherfather,sheresearchedandreportedstoriesofhertowninthenewspaper.In2016,OSNsuddenlybecamefamouswhenamurderhappenedintown,and9-year-oldHildewasthefirstpersontoreportit.However,somepeoplecriticizedherparentsforallowinghertoreportonsomethingasunpleasantasamurder.OtherscriticizedHildefor“pretendingtobeareporter”.Hildewasupsetbythecomplaints,sosherespondedwithaYouTubevideo.Shesaid,“Iwanttobetakenseriously.I’msureotherkidsdo,too.”In2019,shemadethenewsagainwhenalawenforcement(执行)officerthreatenedtoarrestherforfilminghim.HildeknewherrightsasareporterwereprotectedundertheConstitution.Later,thetownapologizedtoHildefortheofficer’sactions.Hilde’sactivitiesasareporterhavemadeherfamousandshehasearnedseveralawards.InApril,thebookHildeontheRecordcameout,inwhichHildetellsherownstory,boththegoodpartsandthesadparts.Shetalkshonestlyaboutthechallengesshe’sfacedandsomeofthosechallengescamefromotherpeople,buttheotherscamefromherself,strugglingtofigureoutwhoshewasasshegrewolder.4.WhatmadeHilde’snewspaperfamousovernight?A.ReportingsomenewsonNewYorkDailyNews.B.Beingthefirsttocoveramurdercaseintown.C.Refusingtoacceptcriticismfromdifferentpeople.D.Reportingstoriesaboutherselfasayoungreporter.5.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesHildeaccordingtothepassage?A.Patient. B.Humorous. C.Common. D.Brave.6.WhatdoesHilde’sbookHildeontheRecordmainlyfocuson?A.Personalgrowth. B.Innerhonesty.C.Careersuccess. D.Otherpeople’schallenges.7.Whichofthefollowingcouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.ChallengesFacedbyanAmericanYoungReporterB.AYoungReporterStartsHerOwnNewspaperC.AYoungReporterTellsHerOwnStoryD.OSN,aNewspaperReportingonDifficultNewsStories〖答案〗4.B5.D6.A7.C【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了9岁时就因报道艰难的新闻故事而闻名全美的希尔德·利西亚克的事迹，现在希尔德写了一本书，讲述了她自己的故事，并分享了她面临的一些挑战。【4题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段“In2016,OSNsuddenlybecamefamouswhenamurderhappenedintown,and9-year-oldHildewasthefirstpersontoreportit.(2016年，OSN突然出名，因为镇上发生了一起谋杀案，9岁的希尔德是第一个报道谋杀案的人)”可知，使得希尔德一夜成名的原因是她是镇上第一个报道谋杀案的人，故选B项。【5题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段“In2016,OSNsuddenlybecamefamouswhenamurderhappenedintown,and9-year-oldHildewasthefirstpersontoreportit.(2016年，OSN突然出名，因为镇上发生了一起谋杀案，9岁的希尔德是第一个报道谋杀案的人)”可知，希尔德第一个到现场报道谋杀案，可推理出希尔德是一个很勇敢的人，故选D项。【6题详析】细节理解题。根据最后一段“InApril,thebookHildeontheRecordcameout,inwhichHildetellsherownstory,boththegoodpartsandthesadparts.(4月，《记录上的希尔德》一书问世，其中希尔德讲述了她自己的故事，包括好的部分和悲伤的部分)”可推理出这本书讲的是希尔德个人的成长故事，故选A项。【7题详析】主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Whenshewasjust9yearsold,HildeLysiakbecamefamousacrosstheUnitedStatesforreportingondifficultnewsstories.NowHildehaswrittenabooktellingherownstoryandsharingsomeofthechallengesshefaced.(希尔德·利西亚克9岁时就因报道艰难的新闻故事而闻名全美。现在希尔德写了一本书，讲述了她自己的故事，并分享了她面临的一些挑战)”、第三段“Followingtherulestaughtbyherfather,sheresearchedandreportedstoriesofhertowninthenewspaper.(按照父亲教导的规则，她研究并在报纸上报道了她所在城镇的故事)”以及最后一段“InApril,thebookHildeontheRecordcameout,inwhichHildetellsherownstory,boththegoodpartsandthesadparts.(4月，《记录上的希尔德》一书问世，其中希尔德讲述了她自己的故事，包括好的部分和悲伤的部分)”可知，本文主要讲的是年轻的希尔德讲述自己的故事，所以用C项“AYoungReporterTellsHerOwnStory”作为本文的题目，与文章主题相符合。故选C项。CNow,astudyprovesthatgardensaremorethanjustaprettyplace.Thestudy,byresearchersatIllinoisStateUniversity,demonstratesthatsuchconstructedgardenscanhaveameasurableandpositiveimpactonwaterquality.Floatinggardensareessentiallyplatformsbuiltandwrappedincoconuthusks(椰子壳),andfilledinwithnativeplantings.Asplantsgrow,theyextendtheirrootsintothewater.OntheNorthBranchoftheChicagoRiver,non-profitUrbanRiversanditspartnersaredevelopingamile-longfloatingeco-parkcalledtheWildMile.There-developmentofthisformerindustrialcanalisUrbanRivers’importantproject.Aspartofthepark,floatinggardens,attachedtoshore,arebeingfixed.Theprimaryaimofthefloatinggardensisbeautification.ButtheIllinoisStateteam,fromtheUniversity’sDepartmentofGeology,Geography,andtheEnvironment,sawanidealsetupforacontrolledexperiment.“Wejoineditbecauseit’stheperfectopportunitytoseeifthere’saninfluenceonwaterquality,”explainsleadauthorAbigailHeath.Thestudyisnovel:previousstudieshaveexploredfloatinggardens’influenceonwaterqualityovertime,primarilyinwastewatertreatmentponds,butnotoverspace,inmovingwater.TheprojectalsomatcheswellwithUrbanRivers’broadergoals.“Thecityisinterestedinbetteringwaterquality,”saysPhilNicodemus,UrbanRivers’DirectorofResearch.“Happily,IllinoisStatetookpartinitlater.”Couldthissmallhuman-madeparkimprovewaterquality?Anaverageofdatacollectedoverthecourseofthestudyshowsmiddlebutdefinitiveimprovement.Forexample,nitrogen(氮)droppedfrom4.69milligramsperliterinsurfacewaterto4.43milligramsperliter,adropofabout1percent.“Despitehowsmallthisgardenwas,therewasmeasurableimprovementinwaterqualityfromupstreamtodownstream,”notesHeath.Sheandhercolleaguesseethisasamodelforhowlargefloatinggardensshouldbetohelpimprovewaterinsimilarsettings.“Eventhistinygardenmakesadifference,”shesays.8.Whatcanbeinferredfromthesecondparagraph?A.Thefloatinggardensareenvironmentallyfriendly.B.Thefloatinggardensarefixedeverywhereintheeco-park.C.Thefloatinggardenscanhelpfixtheformerparks.D.TheUrbanRiverswereonceindustrialcanals.9.Whatisthemainreasontobuildthefloatinggardens?A.Toreducewastewater. B.Toattractmorevisitorstothepark.C.Tomakethesurroundingsbrilliant. D.Tohelpresearchersdotheexperiment.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”refertoinParagraph4?A.Thefloatinggarden. B.Theproject.C.Thetreatmentofponds. D.Thequalityofwater.11.Whichofthefollowingcouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.FloatingGardens:MorethanPrettyB.TheBestWaytoBetterWaterQualityC.APracticalMethodofImprovingParksD.FloatingGardensBeautifytheCity〖答案〗8.A9.C10.B11.A【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项研究指出，美国伊利诺伊州的漂浮花园不但起到了美观的作用，而且能够有效改善水质。【8题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段中“Floatinggardensareessentiallyplatformsbuiltandwrappedincoconuthusks(椰子壳),andfilledinwithnativeplantings.Asplantsgrow,theyextendtheirrootsintothewater.OntheNorthBranchoftheChicagoRiver,non-profitUrbanRiversanditspartnersaredevelopingamile-longfloatingeco-parkcalledtheWildMile.（漂浮花园本质上是用椰子壳包裹起来的平台，里面种满了本地植物。当植物生长时，它们的根会伸入水中。在芝加哥河的北支流，非营利组织“城市河流”及其合作伙伴正在开发一个长达一英里的漂浮生态公园，名为“野生一英里”。）”可知，漂浮花园的用材是椰子壳，其功能是作为生态公园。由此推知，漂浮花园是环保的。故选A。【9题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Theprimaryaimofthefloatinggardensisbeautification.（漂浮花园的主要目的是美化。）”可知，建造漂浮花园的主要目的是让周边环境更加美观。故选C。【10题详析】词句猜测题。根据第四段中“TheprojectalsomatcheswellwithUrbanRivers’broadergoals.“Thecityisinterestedinbetteringwaterquality,”saysPhilNicodemus,UrbanRivers’DirectorofResearch.“Happily,IllinoisStatetookpartinitlater.”（该项目也与“城市河流”更大的目标相匹配。“城市河流”研究主任PhilNicodemus说：“这座城市对改善水质很感兴趣，令人高兴的是，伊利诺伊州立大学后来也加入了。”）”可知，PhilNicodemus很高兴伊利诺伊州立大学参与了这个项目，it指代的是上文中提到的Theproject。故选B。【11题详析】主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了一项研究指出，美国伊利诺伊州的漂浮花园不但起到了美观的作用，而且能够有效改善水质。因此，A项“漂浮花园：不止于美丽”可概括文章大意，适合作为文章标题。故选A。DStressedatworkandfeelingyourbloodpressurerise?Peopleallovertheworldaretoldbytheirdoctorstotryforalow-sodium(钠)diettotreathighbloodpressureorotherdiseases,butthere’snodenyingthatsaltmakesfoodtastegood.Fortunately,JapaneseresearchersatTokyo’sMeijiUniversityandthemanufacturerKirinhavedevelopedhigh-techchopsticksthatenhancesaltytastes,potentiallyhelpingthosewhoneedtoreducesodiumintheirdiets.Thesewired-upchopsticksareactuallypartofadevicethattheresearcherssaycanenhancethesaltyflavoroflow-sodiumfoods.Andwhentheyweretestedonparticipantsforthefirsttime,resultsshowedthatthehigh-techchopsticksincreaseperceived(察觉到)saltinessinfoodsbyabout1.5times.Accordingtotheresearchteam,thebasicprincipleisthattheextrasaltyflavorisperceivedduetoextremelyweakelectriccurrentsconveyeddirectlyintothemouththroughthetipofoneofthechopsticks.Scientistshaveapparentlybeenusingthiskindofweakelectricitytoplaywithflavorsinthelabforyears,butthesechopsticksinparticulararesettoadjusttheactivityofions(离子)insodiumchloride(tablesalt),whichenhancessaltyflavor.Anddothesechopsticksworkasexpected?Toverifytheeffectofthenewchopsticks,theresearchersconductedanexperimentonatotalof36participantsaged40to65,allofwhomwereeatingalow-sodiumdiet.Ifnothingelse,onethingwasclear:participantsusingthechopstickstastedmoresaltthantheydidwithout.Resultsshowthattheyeventhoughtthatlow-sodiumfoodeatenwiththehigh-techchopstickstastedsaltierthanregularfoodmadewithanaverageamountofsodium,andeatenwithnormalchopsticks.Thechopsticksaren’tonstoreshelvesquiteyet,butwithpromisingresults,peoplearoundtheworldwhoareunhappilydevotedtoalow-sodiumdietmightjustbeexcitedforanyupdatestocome!12.Whatisthemainfunctionofthefuturehigh-techchopsticks?A.Totreatbloodpressure. B.Totesthowsaltyadishis.C.Toincreasethesaltinessoffood. D.Tohelpreducesaltintake.13.Howdothehigh-techchopstickswork?A.Bysendingwarninginformationtothebrain.B.Bychangingthesaltinessoffoodwithelectricshocks.C.Byusingelectricitytotransportionsbetweenchopsticks.D.Bytrickingourbrainsintotastingextrasalt.14.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“verify”inparagraph4mean?A.Confirm. B.Improve.C.Change. D.Strengthen.15.Whatisthewriter’sattitudetowardthefutureofthechopsticks?A.Doubtful. B.Optimistic. C.Uncertain. D.Pessimistic.〖答案〗12.D13.D14.A15.B【导语】本文是一篇说明文。日本研究人员开发出一种可以让人感觉咸味增强的筷子，从而帮助人们减少食盐的摄入量。【12题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段的最后一句“Fortunately,JapaneseresearchersatTokyo’sMeijiUniversityandthemanufacturerKirinhavedevelopedhigh-techchopsticksthatenhancesaltytastes,potentiallyhelpingthosewhoneedtoreducesodiumintheirdiets.(幸运的是，日本东京明治大学的研究人员和制造商麒麟开发出了一种高科技筷子，可以增强咸味，可能会帮助那些需要减少饮食中钠含量的人。)”可知，这种高科技筷子的功能是帮助减少食盐摄入量。故选D。【13题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段第一句“Accordingtotheresearchteam,thebasicprincipleisthattheextrasaltyflavorisperceivedduetoextremelyweakelectriccurrentsconveyeddirectlyintothemouththroughthetipofoneofthechopsticks.(据研究小组介绍，其基本原理是，通过其中一根筷子的尖端直接进入口腔的极弱电流会让人感受到额外的咸味。)”可知，这种高科技筷子是通过让大脑感受额外的咸味来发挥其功能的。故选D。【14题详析】词义猜测题。根据第四段前两句“Anddothesechopsticksworkasexpected?Toverifytheeffectofthenewchopsticks,theresearchersconductedanexperimentonatotalof36participantsaged40to65,allofwhomwereeatingalow-sodiumdiet.(这些筷子像预期的那样好用吗？为了新筷子的效果，研究人员对36名年龄在40到65岁之间的参与者进行了一项实验，他们都在吃低钠饮食。)”可知，画线词所在句前一句是对筷子的效果提出疑问，而后面是对实验结果的描述，故可推知，划线词是“证明，证实”的意思。故选A。【15题详析】推理判断题。根据末段“Thechopsticksaren’tonstoreshelvesquiteyet,butwithpromisingresults,peoplearoundtheworldwhoareunhappilydevotedtoalow-sodiumdietmightjustbeexcitedforanyupdatestocome!(这种筷子还没有在商店货架上销售，但由于效果很好，世界各地那些不快乐地致力于低钠饮食的人可能会对即将到来的任何更新感到兴奋！)”可知，作者对这种高科技筷子的未来持乐观态度。故选B。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Manypeopledon’ttakemuchtimeforlunchoriftheydo,theyeatattheirdeskswhilecheckingemails.Butlunchbreaksaremorethanjustatimetoeatameal.Takinglunchbreakscanmakeyoumoreproductiveandreducestress.____16____Youmayconsiderspendingtimeinnature.Gooutside!Evenspendingashorttimeinnaturehasapositiveeffectonyourmood.____17____BesidesincreasingyourvitaminD,spendingtimeinnaturecouldhelpcalmandrelaxyouaswellashelpingtoimproveyourimmunity(免疫力).Sogooutsideandenjoyyourselfinthesun.____18____Ashortexercisesessionwillhelpyoumeetyourfitnessgoalsandgiveyouanenergyimprovement.Ifyourworkplacehasagymorthereisonenearby,keepagymbaginyourofficesoyouhavenoexcusenottogo.Ifnot,youcantakeawalk.Justkeepmoving!Readingcanalsobeagoodchoice.____19____Soreadachapterofagoodphysicalbook.Notareader?Listeningtosomethingalsohelps.Youcanlistentoaudiobookstorefreshyourselfandrelax.Inshort,taketimetorechargeyourbatteriesfortherestoftheday.Eatmindfully.Goodnutritionplaysanimportantroleinyourphysicalandmentalhealth.Makeyourlunchcountbyeatingnutritiousfoods.Makeaneverydayeatingplanforyourself.____20____Butstayawayfromsugarorcaffeinebecausewhentheinitialenergywearsoff,itwillleaveyoutiredandunproductive.A.Youcantryalunchtimeworkout.B.Itmakesyoulearnedandlessstressed.C.Nothingcantakeeffectbetterthanthat.D.Readtofindmorebenefitsoflunchbreaks.E.Sotaketimetodosomethinggoodforyourself.F.Itwillkeepyourbodyandbrainconsciousofcarefuleating.G.Findaparkorothergreenspacenearbyandeatyourlunchthere.〖答案〗16.E17.G18.A19.B20.F【导语】本文是说明文。文章介绍了如何规划午休来让你更有效率，减少压力。【16题详析】根据空前“Butlunchbreaksaremorethanjustatimetoeatameal.Takinglunchbreakscanmakeyoumoreproductiveandreducestress.（但午休时间不仅仅是吃饭的时间。午休可以让你更有效率，减少压力。）”可知，这里强调午休时间的重要性，所以E项“Sotaketimetodosomethinggoodforyourself.（所以花点时间做一些对自己有益的事情。）”总结要做一些有益的事情，符合语境。故选E。【17题详析】根据空前“Youmayconsiderspendingtimeinnature.Gooutside!Evenspendingashorttimeinnaturehasapositiveeffectonyourmood.（你可以考虑花些时间在大自然中。去外面!即使在大自然中待一小段时间也会对你的心情产生积极的影响。）”可知，这里建议我们花些时间体验大自然，以及空后“BesidesincreasingyourvitaminD,spendingtimeinnaturecouldhelpcalmandrelaxyouaswellashelpingtoimproveyourimmunity(免疫力).（除了增加你的维生素D，花时间在大自然中可以帮助你平静和放松，也有助于提高你的免疫力。所以走出去，在阳光下享受自己。）”可知，本句是在说明走出去，所以G项“找一个附近的公园或其他绿地，在那里吃午餐”符合语境。故选G。【18题详析】根据空后“Ashortexercisesessionwillhelpyoumeetyourfitnessgoalsandgiveyouanenergyimprovement.（一次短暂的锻炼可以帮助你达到你的健身目标，让你精力充沛。）”可知，本段建议午餐时间锻炼。故A选项“你可以尝试一下午餐锻炼”符合语境，故选A。【19题详析】根据空前“Readingcanalsobeagoodchoice.（阅读也是一个不错的选择。）”可知，本句内容与阅读的好处有关。所以B项“这会让你学习，减少压力”，符合语境。故选B。【20题详析】根据空前“Makeaneverydayeatingplanforyourself.（为自己制定一个每天的饮食计划。）”可知，下面要说这样做的好处。F项“Itwillkeepyourbodyandbrainconsciousofcarefuleating.（它会让你的身体和大脑保持谨慎饮食的意识。）”符合语境。故选F。第二部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。LuckyCandystore’schallengeaimstohelppeopleinneedandkeeptheirmathskillssharptoo.Thechallengeis____21____:Answeramathquestion—say,what’s8×8+50?—andgetfivesecondsto____22____asmuchasyoucanfromLuckyCandystore’sshelves.ForAlwan,joyisas____23____asbreakfast—andregularsathisfamily’scornerstoresometimes____24____forboth.Sohecameupwithacleverwayto____25____hiscustomers’days.“They’veknownmesinceIwasalittlekid.Iknowhalfofthemby____26____.And,youknow,sometimesthey____27____credit,”hesays.LuckyCandyislocatedonabusystreetintheBronx,whichiswhat’sknownasafood___28___,whereaffordable,healthyfoodisquiteinneed.Manyresidents____29____neighborhoodshopslikeLuckyCandyfortheirdailyneeds.Whenayoungmathwhiz(奇才)getsa(n)_____30_____right,oneoftwothingsusuallyhappens.Somekidsrushforthecandy,andwhocould_____31_____them?Othersgrabthingslikerice,orangesandpotatoes,_____32_____thinkingoffamilyathome.“They’redoingsomething_____33_____,”Berto,astudentwhostoppedinafterschool,toldthemedia.“Becausehere,weseealotofpeoplewhodon’tevenhaveanything.”Alwan’sboss,hisownfather,Aobad,doesn’t_____34_____chippingin(亏缺)too.He,animmigranthimself,knowsthatinoneofthemostcompetitiveplacesintheU.S.,abitof_____35_____goesalongway.21.A.simple B.tough C.obvious D.interesting22.A.learn B.enjoy C.grab D.remember23.A.essential B.convenient C.rich D.rare24.A.apply B.struggle C.wait D.pay25.A.mark B.evaluate C.occupy D.brighten26.A.accent B.name C.appearance D.age27.A.need B.lack C.receive D.break28.A.heaven B.court C.center D.desert29.A.relyon B.setup C.careabout D.pickout30.A.guess B.form C.answer D.deal31.A.follow B.envy C.blame D.defeat32.A.finally B.clearly C.suddenly D.barely33.A.funny B.creative C.exciting D.good34.A.regret B.mind C.support D.like35.A.urge B.help C.earning D.progress〖答案〗21.A22.C23.A24.B25.D26.B27.A28.D29.A30.C31.C32.B33.D34.B35.B【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了Alwan在自家杂货店通过数学答题挑战帮助附近贫困的人获取食物的故事。【21题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：挑战很简单：回答一个数学问题——比如，8×8+50是多少?A.simple简单的；B.tough困难的；C.obvious明显的；D.interesting有趣的。根据下文中的“Answeramathquestion—say,what’s8×8+50?”可知，回答一道简单的数学题，这样的挑战是“简单的”。故选A项。【22题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后有五秒钟的时间从幸运糖果商店的货架上尽可能多地抓取货物。A.learn学习；B.enjoy喜欢，享受；C.grab抓取；D.remember记住。根据下文中的“Othersgrabthingslikerice,orangesandpotatoes,________thinkingoffamilyathome.”可知，此处指的是尽可能多地“抓取”货架上的货物。故选C项。【23题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对Alwan来说，快乐就像早餐一样重要——他家里街角小店的常客有时会为两者而努力。A.essential重要的；B.convenient方便的；C.rich富有的；D.rare罕见的。根据下文中的“asbreakfast”及语境可知，Alwan认为快乐和早餐一样重要。故选A项。【24题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：对Alwan来说，快乐就像早餐一样重要——他家里街角小店的常客有时会为两者而努力。A.apply应用；B.struggle拼搏，努力；C.wait等待；D.pay支付。根据语境与下文中的““Becausehere,weseealotofpeoplewhodon’tevenhaveanything.””可知，此处指的是有些人为这两种快乐而“努力”符合语境。故选B项。【25题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以他想出了一个聪明的方法来使他的顾客愉快。A.mark标记；B.evaluate评估；C.occupy占据；D.brighten点亮。根据下文中的“hiscustomers’days”及语境可知，Alwan想出了一个使他的顾客们心情愉快的聪明方法，brightenone’sdays意为“使人心情愉快”。故选D项。【26题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：“我很小的时候他们就认识我了。我知道其中一半人的名字。而且，你知道，有时他们需要赊账，”他说。A.accent口音；B.name名字；C.appearance外表，出现；D.age年龄。根据上文中的“They’veknownmesinceIwasalittlekid.Iknowhalfofthem”以及“regularsathisfamily’scornerstoresometimes_____forboth”可知，他们从作者很小的时候就认识作者，有很多是常客，由此可推断，作者应该是也知道他们中一半人的“名字”。故选B项。【27题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我很小的时候他们就认识我了。我知道其中一半人的名字。而且，你知道，有时他们需要赊账，”他说。A.need需要；B.lack缺乏；C.receive收到；D.break打破。根据上文中的“LuckyCandystore’schallengeaimstohelppeopleinneed”及“Iknowhalfofthem”和语境可知，Alwan认识一半的顾客，这个店旨帮助有困难的人，由此可知，有时顾客们“需要”赊账。故选A项。【28题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：幸运糖果位于布朗克斯一条繁忙的街道上，那里被称为食物沙漠，人们非常需要负担得起的健康食品。A.heaven天堂；B.court庭院；C.center中心；D.desert荒漠，沙漠。根据下文中的“whereaffordable,healthyfoodisquiteinneed.”可知，人们能够买得起的且健康的食品相当急需，因此Bronx被称为食品“荒漠”符合语境。故选D项。【29题详析】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：许多居民依靠像LuckyCandy这样的社区商店来满足日常需求。A.relyon依赖；B.setup建立；C.careabout关心，在意；D.pickout挑出。根据上文中的“LuckyCandyislocatedonabusystreetintheBronx,whichiswhat’sknownasafood_____,whereaffordable,healthyfoodisquiteinneed.”及语境可知，许多居民“依赖”附近像LuckyCandy这样的商店购买日常用品。故选A项。【30题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当一个年轻的数学天才答对了题时，通常会发生以下两种情况之一。A.guess猜测；B.form类型，结构；C.answer〖答案〗，答复；D.deal交易。根据上文中的“Answeramathquestion—say,what’s8×8+50?—andgetfivesecondsto_______asmuchasyoucanfromLuckyCandystore’sshelves.”及语境可知，此处指当一个年轻的数学奇才给出正确“〖答案〗”时，通常会发生两种情况之一。故选C项。【31题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一些孩子冲向糖果，谁能怪他们呢?A.follow跟随；B.envy嫉妒；C.blame责怪；D.defeat打败。根据上文中的“Somekidsrushforthecandy”及常识可知，孩子们喜欢糖果，所以有些孩子会冲向糖果，谁会去“责怪”他们呢？故选C项。【32题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：其他人则拿着米饭、橙子和土豆等食物，很显然，他们想到了家里的家人。A.finally最终；B.clearly显然；C.suddenly突然；D.barely几乎不。根据上文中的“Othersgrabthingslikerice,orangesandpotatoes”可知，其他人会拿像大米、橙子和土豆这样的东西，很“显然”，他们这是在为家人着想。故选B项。【33题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“他们在做一些好事，”放学后到学校的学生贝尔托告诉媒体。A.funny滑稽可笑的；B.creative创新的；C.exciting令人兴奋的；D.good好的。根据下文“Becausehere,weseealotofpeoplewhodon’tevenhaveanything.”及语境可知，Berto表示Alwan一家正在做“好”事。故选D项。【34题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Alwan的老板，他自己的父亲，Aobad，也不介意亏缺。A.regret后悔；B.mind介意；C.support支持；D.like喜欢。根据上文中的““They’redoingsomething________,”Berto,astudentwhostoppedinafterschool,toldthemedia.”及语境可知，他们一家在做好事，所以此处指他不“介意”亏缺符合语境。故选B项。【35题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：作为一名移民，他知道，在美国竞争最激烈的地方之一，一点帮助就会大有帮助。A.urge催促；B.help帮助；C.earning挣得；D.progress进步，改进。根据语境及上文中的“LuckyCandystore’schallengeaimstohelppeopleinneedandkeeptheirmathskillssharptoo.”可知，此处指一点点“帮助”可以对他们大有帮助。故选B项。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。SunZhenchu,an86-year-oldmanin2022,whogothisdriver’slicenseinaboutayear,hassurprisedandinspirednetizensinChinanotonlybecauseofhisage.ThemotivationbehindSunZhenchu’s____36____(take)thedrivingtestsistocareforhiswife.Sun’swifedidn’tgooutmuchafter____37____operation.Afterthepolicythatpeopleover70canapply____38____adriver’slicensewasissued,Sun____39____(immediate)becameanelderlytraineeatalocaldrivertrainingschoolinZhejiangProvinceandmanaged____40____(pass)thefourexams,receivingperfectscoresontwoofthem.AftergettinghislicenseinMarch,Sunboughtanelectricvehicletotakehiswifeshoppingforgroceries,tothehospitalorsightseeingalongtheQiantangRiver.____41____astonishedpeoplemostwasSun’scareer—hewasaspecialistinnuclearweaponsandmadegreat____42____(contribute)tothenation.Aftergraduationin1964,Sun____43____(select)asoneoftheresearcherstoparticipateinChina’sfirstatomicbombtest.Afterthesuccessfultest,hewenttoBeijing,____44____hecontinuedtoconductresearchandtestingfornuclearweaponsfor32years.Heretiredin1995,buthedidnotstoplearningnewthings.InaspeechhedeliveredatZhejiangGongshangUniversityinlateJune,heencouragedgraduatestokeeplearningtostandoutina_____45_____(compete)andchallengingsociety.〖答案〗36.taking37.an38.for39.immediately40.topass41.What42.contributions43.wasselected44.where45.competitive【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了中国核武器专家孙振锄在八十多岁时拿到了驾照，他鼓励大学生们一直学习，立足社会。【36题详析】考查非谓语动词。句意：孙振锄参加驾照考试的动机是为了照顾他的妻子。所有格SunZhenchu’s后用动名词形式构成动名词复合结构，作宾语。故填taking。【37题详析】考查冠词。句意：孙振锄的妻子在一次手术后很少外出。修饰名词operation，表示泛指，用不定冠词；operation发音为元音音素开头，用不定冠词an。故填an。【38题详析】考查固定搭配。句意：70岁以上的人可以申请驾照的政策出台后，孙振锄立即成为浙江省当地一所驾驶培训学校的老年学员，并设法通过了四门考试，其中两门考试取得了满分。固定搭配：applyfor，意为“申请得到……”。故填for。【39题详析】考查副词。句意：70岁以上的人可以申请驾照的政策出台后，孙振锄立即成为浙江省当地一所驾驶培训学校的老年学员，并设法通过了四门考试，其中两门考试取得了满分。修饰动词became用副词形式。故填immediately。【40题详析】考查非谓语动词。句意：70岁以上的人可以申请驾照的政策出台后，孙振锄立即成为浙江省当地一所驾驶培训学校的老年学员，并成功地通过了四门考试，其中两门考试取得了满分。managetodosth.成功地做某事。动词不定式词担当manage的宾语。故填topass。【41题详析】考查主语从句。句意：最让人吃惊的是孙振锄的职业生涯——他是核武器专家，为国家做出了巨大贡献。这里为主语从句的连接词，主语从句缺少主语，表示物，用what；出现在句首，首字母大写，故填What。【42题详析】考查名