2022-2023学年浙江省杭州市高一下学期期末考试英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1浙江省杭州市2022-2023学年高一下学期期末考试英语试题本试卷分选择题部分和非选择题部分。第一部分：听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Asuit.B.Ashirt.C.Abirthday.2.Whatistheweatherlikenow?A.Sunny.B.Rainy.C.Windy.3.WhatwillPeterdonext?A.Playcomputergames.B.Cleanupthegarden.C.Pickuphisparents.4.Howwillthespeakersgototherestaurant?A.Bytaxi.B.Bycar.C.Onfoot.5.Whatflavorofice-creamdoesthemanlikebest?A.Carrot.B.Strawberry.C.Banana.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Relatives.B.Colleagues.C.Acouple.7.Whatdoesthemanthankthewomanfor?A.Givinghimapromotion.B.Participatinginhisproject.C.Providingassistanceforhim.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.Whyistheman’ssecondyearmuchbetter?A.Hejoinedclubs.B.Helovedtheworkload.C.HewenttoAustralia.9.What’stheman’smajor?A.ComputerScience.B.BusinessManagement.C.French.10.Inhowmanyyearsdoesthemanwanttograduate?A.Three.B.Four.C.Five.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.Wherearethespeakers?A.Inthehospital.B.Athome.C.Inagym.12.Howdoesthemansound?A.Concerned.B.Surprised.C.Pleased.13.Whatleadstotheman’squickrecovery?A.Friends’support.B.MedicineTreatment.C.Family’scompany.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14.Whatworriesthewoman?A.Thesenseofloneliness.B.Thepossibilityofbeinglost.C.FailureoftheGPS.15.Whydoesthemansuggesttakingamap?A.Amapiseasytocarry.B.Visitingsitesoffernomaps.C.Thephonemightbeoutofpower.16.WhatissaidaboutSanFrancisco?A.Itisalargecity.B.Trafficthereistooheavy.C.Thereisawiderangeofculture.17.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofrentingabike?A.Troublesome.B.Expensive.C.Practical.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18.Whoisprobablythespeaker?A.Theheadmaster.B.Asocialworker.C.Astudent.19.Whathasbeendoneinthesummer?A.Servingthecommunity.B.Designingnewprograms.C.Improvingthecampus.20.Whathavethelocalcompaniespromisedtodoforstudents?A.Offerjobopportunities.B.Preparestudentsforfuturecareer.C.Createfunactivities.第二部分：阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AAirTravelGuidelinesforChildrenWe’reheretohelpyoupreparetoflywithyourchildren.Here’showitworks.Bookingachild’sticketYou’llneedtobuyaseparateticketif:·Youbookaninternationalflight.·Yourchildis2yearsoldorolderattakeoff.·Yourchildisababysittinginhisorherownseat.Insomecases,childrencanflyforfree.Ifeverythingbelowistrue,youwon’tneedtobuyyourchildaseparateticket:·Youbookadomestic(国内)flight.·Yourchildisababy(lessthan2yearsold),attakeoff.·Yourbabysitsonthelegsofatravelerovertheageof12.·Nomorethan1babyisseatedonthelegsofatraveler.Nowfortherules,eachtravelerovertheageof12mayaccompany(陪伴)upto2babies,eachseatedintheirownseat.DocumentsachildwillneedTheairlinesdeterminewhatdocumentsyou’llneedtotravel.Inshort,ifyou’reflyingdomestically,eachchildmightneedaphotoID.Ifyou’reflyingintemationally,eachchildwillneedapassport.Additionally,childrenunder18travelingtoMexiconeedtoprovideproveddocumentationandlettersofpermission.Formoreinformation,pleasevisittheUSEmbassy(大使馆)website.Unaccompaniedchildrenonflights·Someairlinesmaychargeafeeforunaccompaniedchildservice.·Childrenunder5andover17mightbeunfitforunaccompaniedchildservice.·Boththeadultdroppingthechildoffattheairportandtheadultpickingthechilduparerequiredtoshowidentification.Contactyourairlinetoaskaboutmoreinformation.1.Underwhichconditiondoyouhavetobuyaticketforyourbabygirl?A.Shesitsonyourlegs. B.Sheneedsadomesticflight.C.Sherequiresaseparateseat. D.Sheisundertheageof2attakeoff.2.WhatdocumentmightachildneedtoflywithintheUSA?A.AphotoID. B.Apassport.C.Proveddocumentation. D.Aletterofpermission.3.Whocanuseunaccompaniedchildservice?A.A4-year-oldboy. B.A10-year-oldboy.C.An18-year-oldboy. D.A19-year-oldboy.〖答案〗1.C2.A3.B〖解析〗【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要是一份儿童航空旅行指南。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据Bookingachild’sticket中的“·Yourchildisababysittinginhisorherownseat.(·你的孩子是一个坐在自己座位上的婴儿。)”可知，如果需要一个单独的座位时需要买票。故选C。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据Documentsachildwillneed中的“Inshort,ifyou’reflyingdomestically,eachchildmightneedaphotoID.(简而言之，如果你乘坐的是国内航班，每个孩子可能都需要带照片的身份证。)”可知，孩子在美国境内飞行可能需要带照片的身份证。故选A。【3题详析】细节理解题。根据Unaccompaniedchildrenonflights中的“·Childrenunder5andover17mightbeunfitforunaccompaniedchildservice.(·5岁以下和17岁以上的儿童可能不适合无人陪伴的儿童服务。)”可知，10岁的男孩可以使用无人陪伴儿童服务。故选B。BFifteenyearsago,Ilovedgoingtothegym,butfamilylifeandworkcommitmentsmeantIwasfindingithardtogetthere.Withthehelpofmydadanduncle,Ibuiltmyowngyminthegarden.It’sbasicallyabeautifiedroomwithinsulation(隔热层)andelectriesandasmallheaterforthewinter.Webuiltacornerdesktoointendingittobeformetodothepaperworkformysmallbusiness.However,thedeskserveditsrealpurposewhenIstartedmywritingjourneytwoyearsago.I’vealwayshadstoriesgoingthroughmymind.IcouldbeoutjoggingandI’dlosemyselfplayingoutthoughtsinmyheadlikemoviescenes.Onceseen,theystayinthere.Ihavetroublekeepingotherinformation,butwhenitcomestostoryideas,theylockin.Ihavemanyfullnovelideasinmyheadwaitingtobewritten.WhenIwasyounger,Iwasn’tbraveenoughtowrite.Ididn’tdowellinschoolandI’vespentmostofmylifeinphysicalwork,sotheideaofbecomingawriterfeltlaughable.Inowknowthereisn’tawritertype;writerscomeinallforms.Istillusethegymforitsrealpurpose,butsomeoftheequipmenthasbeenreplacedbybooksandasmallbedforthetimewhenIwanttorelaxandread.Iliketohavemydesklookingcolorful-somemightsaymessy.Myloveforsportiscleartosee,withphotosaroundofmyfavoriteboxersandthefootballteamIfollow.Ontheotherhand,havingmyownwritingroomisimportant.WithoutitIwouldn’tbewhereIamnowonmywritingjourney.It’sfarfromcharming,butitismine.It’smyhappyplace.4.Whydidtheauthorbuildhisowngym?A.Becauseofhistightschedule.B.Becauseofhissmallbusiness.C.Becauseofhispoorfinancialcondition.D.Becauseoftheencouragementofhisfamily.5.Whatcanwelearnabouttheauthorfromparagraph2?A.Hewasjoggingformoreideas.B.Hegotonwellwithhisstudyatschool.C.Hehadthepotentialtobecomeawriter.D.Hewasconfidentaboutbecomingawriter.6.Whatistheauthor’sgymmainlyusedfornow?A.Readingandbusiness. B.Storingbooksandtyping.C.Relaxingandentertaining. D.Writingandfitness.7.Whichsectionofamagazinedoesthepassageprobablycomefrom?A.Health. B.Life. C.Education. D.Opinion.〖答案〗4.A5.C6.D7.B〖解析〗【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了15年前，作者在爸爸和叔叔的帮助下，建了自己的健身房。后来，慢慢地，作者的健身房变成了作者写作的地方。【4题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Fifteenyearsago,Ilovedgoingtothegym,butfamilylifeandworkcommitmentsmeantIwasfindingithardtogetthere.Withthehelpofmydadanduncle,Ibuiltmyowngyminthegarden.(15年前，我喜欢去健身房，但由于家庭生活和工作的原因，我发现很难去健身房。在爸爸和叔叔的帮助下，我在花园里建了自己的健身房)”可知，作者建这个健身房是因为作者喜欢健身，但是由于时间紧张很难去健身房。故选A。【5题详析】推理判断题。根据文章第二段“I’vealwayshadstoriesgoingthroughmymind.IcouldbeoutjoggingandI’dlosemyselfplayingoutthoughtsinmyheadlikemoviescenes.Onceseen,theystayinthere.Ihavetroublekeepingotherinformation,butwhenitcomestostoryideas,theylockin.Ihavemanyfullnovelideasinmyheadwaitingtobewritten.(我脑子里总有故事。我可以在外面慢跑，我可能会出去慢跑，然后像电影场景一样在脑子里思考。一旦被发现，它们就会留在那里。我很难记住其他信息，但当涉及到故事想法时，他们就会锁定。我脑子里有很多完整的新想法等着写出来)”可知，作者的脑海中总有故事，而且有很多完整的新想法等着写出来，所以作者有当作家的潜质。故选C。【6题详析】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Istillusethegymforitsrealpurpose,butsomeoftheequipmenthasbeenreplacedbybooksandasmallbedforthetimewhenIwanttorelaxandread.Iliketohavemydesklookingcolorful-somemightsaymessy.Myloveforsportiscleartosee,withphotosaroundofmyfavoriteboxersandthefootballteamIfollow.Ontheotherhand,havingmyownwritingroomisimportant.(我仍然使用健身房来达到它的真正目的，但一些设备已经被书籍和一张小床所取代，以便我放松和阅读。我喜欢让我的桌子看起来五彩缤纷——有些人可能会说凌乱。我对运动的热爱显而易见，我最喜欢的拳击手和我追随的足球队的照片随处可见。另一方面，拥有自己的写作室也很重要)”可知，目前这个健身房主要用来供作者写作和锻炼。故选D。【7题详析】推理判断题。根据文章主要内容可知，作者曾经建了一个健身房准备用于健身，慢慢地，作者开始将这个健身房当作自己写作的地方。由此可以推断，这篇文章有可能摘自杂志的生活专栏。故选B。CI’vespentmuchofmylifedealingwithwrittenandspokenwords.NowI’matechnologistmakinguseofnaturallanguageprocessingforhumangood.GiventhatIworkinartificialintelligence(AI),I’mrealizingsomethingdangeroushappening.Machinesareruiningthewaywecommunicate.AIvoicesarenormalizedandyetcold,nomatterwhichaccent(口音)yousetyourSiriorAmazonAlexainto.It’sdifficulttonormalizelanguagetobeinoffensivebecausesometimeswedomakepeoplefeeluncomfortableorevenmakethemannoyed.Yetthisisexactlywhatwe’reaskingartificialintelligencetodoforusonabillion-personscale.Oncetheserulesarecarriedoutbymachines,they’reunavoidableandcreatemuchbiggerissues.WenoticethatthereisanactivedesiretoonlyincludestandardizedlanguageinAI-poweredtoolsinanattempttoavoidincludingpotentiallyhatefuloroffensivelanguage.AndtheseAI-poweredtoolsareexactlywhatweusetocompleteourthoughtsalmostatanygiventime.Theyareeverywhere—inouremails,wordprocessors,andwebpages.Themachinesarepushingusintoacommontongue,andweacceptitasamatterofconvenience.Butwhat’sthecost?We’retradinguniquenessandaccuracyforconvenience.We’realsohandingthepowerofacceptablespeechtomachinesnotpeople.Intherealworld,peopledon’tcommunicatelikeaWikipedia(维基百科)article.Weusetone(语气),humorandfacialexpressions.Wecantellwherepeoplewerebonbasedontheiraccentsandwording.Humansaretrulyunique,andourcommunicationisconstantlychanging.SoweshoulddemandAIsystemsthatpromoteindividualityanduniqueness.WeshoulddemandtoknowhowAIisdevelopedandthedatausedtobuildit.Becausewealldeservethis.8.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“inoffensive”inparagraph2mean?A.Hateful B.Valuable C.Harmless D.Beneficial9.HowcanwepromoteAIvoice?A.AIvoiceshouldbelegalized. B.AIvoiceshouldbemodernized.C.AIvoiceshouldbestandardized. D.AIvoiceshouldbepersonalized.10.What’sthemainideaofthelastparagraph?A.AIsystemsshouldbeimproved.B.AIsystemsdeservemoresupport.C.AIsystemsarebecomingmorehumanlike.D.AIsystemsaredestroyingourcommunication.11.What’stheauthor’stoneinthepassage?A.Praising. B.Concerned. C.Humorous. D.Matter-of-fact.〖答案〗8.C9.D10.A11.B〖解析〗【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要就人工智能的声音提出作者自己的看法，作者认为我们应该提升人工智能的开放。【8题详析】词义猜测题。根据划线单词下一句“becausesometimeswedomakepeoplefeeluncomfortableorevenmakethemannoyed.(因为有时我们确实会让人感到不舒服，甚至让他们恼火。)”可知这种语言会让人们不舒服、甚至很恼火。由于划线单词前有“difficult”，由此判断，划线单词和“让人舒服、对人无害”相关。选项A“Hateful(可恨的)”；选项B“Valuable(昂贵的)”；选项C“Harmless(无害的)”；选项D“Beneficial(有益的)”。故选C。【9题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Themachinesarepushingusintoacommontongue,andweacceptitasamatterofconvenience.Butwhat’sthecost?We’retradinguniquenessandaccuracyforconvenience.We’realsohandingthepowerofacceptablespeechtomachinesnotpeople.(机器正在推动我们使用一种通用的语言，我们为了方便而接受它。但代价是什么呢？我们用独特性和准确性来换取便利性。)”可知，作者认为人工智能的声音应该更具有个性化、独特性。故选D。【10题详析】主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段“Intherealworld,peopledon’tcommunicatelikeaWikipedia(维基百科)article.Weusetone(语气),humorandfacialexpressions.Wecantellwherepeoplewerebonbasedontheiraccentsandwording.Humansaretrulyunique,andourcommunicationisconstantlychanging.SoweshoulddemandAIsystemsthatpromoteindividualityanduniqueness.WeshoulddemandtoknowhowAIisdevelopedandthedatausedtobuildit.Becausewealldeservethis.(在现实世界中，人们不会像维基百科上的文章那样交流。我们使用语调、幽默和面部表情。我们可以根据人们的口音和措辞来判断他们来自哪里。人类确实是独一无二的，我们的交流方式也在不断变化。因此，我们应该要求人工智能系统促进个性和独特性。我们应该要求知道人工智能是如何开发的，以及用于构建人工智能的数据。因为这是我们应得的。)”可知，最后一段讲述的是在现实生活中，人类的交流要丰富有个性得多，因此，人工智能系统应该有所改进。故选A。【11题详析】推理判断题。根据文章第一段“GiventhatIworkinartificialintelligence(AI),I’mrealizingsomethingdangeroushappening.Machinesareruiningthewaywecommunicate.(鉴于我在人工智能(AI)领域工作，我意识到一些危险的事情正在发生。机器正在破坏我们的交流方式。)”、第三段“We’retradinguniquenessandaccuracyforconvenience.(我们用独特性和准确性来换取便利性。)”以及最后一段“SoweshoulddemandAIsystemsthatpromoteindividualityanduniqueness.WeshoulddemandtoknowhowAIisdevelopedandthedatausedtobuildit.Becausewealldeservethis.(因此，我们应该要求人工智能系统促进个性和独特性。我们应该要求知道人工智能是如何开发的，以及用于构建人工智能的数据。因为这是我们应得的。)”可知，作者在这篇文章中表露出对人工智能声音的担忧。故选B。D“Abeautifulfieldofflowerscanbearathernoisyplace.It’sjustthatwecan’thearthesounds.”ScientistsatTelAvivUniversityhaveconductedasix-yearexperiment,provingthatplantsmakenoiseincertainstressfulsituations.Plantsproduceahighfrequency(频率)clickingsound,andwhenshortofwater,ordamaged,theclicksbecomefarmoreregular.Theyalsomadedifferentsounds,dependingonwhethertheywerethirstyorinjured.“Eachplantandeachtypeofstressisrelatedtoaspecificsound,”saidProfessorLilachHadany,wholedtheresearchstudy.Focusingparticularlyontomatoes,wheatandcorn,theplantswereplacedinasoundproof(隔音的)roomandrecordedbymicrophones.Someplantswerestarvedofwater,otherscut,andacontrolgroupwasleftundamaged.Theresearchersusedanalgorithm(算法)toseparatethenoises,suecessfullytellingthedifferencebetweenthesoundsdependingonwhethertheyweredryorcut.Thealgorithmdidthisinagreenhousesettingwhichincludedfarmoresurroundingsounds,butitwasstillabletorecognizetheparticularcriesforhelpoftheplants.Onaverage,thehumanearcanhearsoundsuptoaround20kHz,whilethesoundsproducedbyplantsareinthe40-80kHzregion,farbeyondourhearing.“Thesoundsmadebyplantscan’tbeheardbyhumansbutcanprobablybeheardbyvariousanimals,suchasbats,miceandinsects,”Hadanytellsus.Thoughthishasyettobeproven,it’spossiblethatthesecreaturesusethisinformationtochoosewhichplantstoeat.AstudyledbyRedaHassanienofChinaAgriculuralUniversityinBeijingyearsago,alsoprovedthatplantsreactedtosoundwaves,withsomeplantsgreatlyincreasingtheiryield.Whileevidenceshowsthatplantscanreacttosounds,there’snoevidencetodaythattheycanactuallyhearthem.12.Whatcanweknowfromthesix-yearexperiment?A.Plantsofdifferenttypesmakethesoundofthesamefrequeney.B.Plantsproducemoreregularsoundincertainstressfulsituations.C.Plantsmakesoundswithamuchlowerfrequencywhenstressed.D.Plantsmakethesoundofthesamefrequeneywhateverthesituation.13.Whatisthealgorithmusedforintheresearch?A.Torecordthesounds. B.Tocontrolthesounds.C.Toproducethesounds. D.Toidentifythesounds.14.Whathasbeenprovenbyscientistsaccordingtothepassage?A.Plantscanheareachother’scryforhelp.B.Animalscanhearthesoundsmadebyplants.C.Plantscanmakesoundsandrespondtosoundwaves.D.Animalsdecidewhattoeatbasedonthesoundsplantsmake.15.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleofthetext?A.SoundsThatWeCan’tHearB.BeautifulSongsfromPlantsC.PlantsReacttoDifferentTypesofStressD.PlantsTalk,EspeciallyWhenStressed〖答案〗12.B13.D14.C15.D〖解析〗【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项新的研究发现，该研究表明植物在某些紧张的情况下会发出声音。【12题详析】推理判断题。根据文章第一段““Abeautifulfieldofflowerscanbearathernoisyplace.It’sjustthatwecan’thearthesounds.”ScientistsatTelAvivUniversityhaveconductedasix-yearexperiment,provingthatplantsmakenoiseincertainstressfulsituations.(“一片美丽的花田可能是一个相当嘈杂的地方。只是我们听不到声音。”特拉维夫大学的科学家们进行了一项为期六年的实验，证明植物在某些紧张的情况下会发出声音。)”以及第二段“Plantsproduceahighfrequency(频率)clickingsound,andwhenshortofwater,ordamaged,theclicksbecomefarmoreregular.Theyalsomadedifferentsounds,dependingonwhethertheywerethirstyorinjured.“Eachplantandeachtypeofstressisrelatedtoaspecificsound,”saidProfessorLilachHadany,wholedtheresearchstudy.(植物会发出高频率的咔哒声，当缺水或受损时，咔哒声会变得更有规律。它们也会发出不同的声音，这取决于它们是口渴还是受伤。“每种植物和每种类型的压力都与一种特定的声音有关，”领导这项研究的利拉克·哈达尼教授说。)”可知，这项为期六年的实验表明植物在有压力的情况下会发出有规律的声音。故选B。【13题详析】推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Theresearchersusedanalgorithm(算法)toseparatethenoises,successfullytellingthedifferencebetweenthesoundsdependingonwhethertheyweredryorcut.Thealgorithmdidthisinagreenhousesettingwhichincludedfarmoresurroundingsounds,butitwasstillabletorecognizetheparticularcriesforhelpoftheplants.(研究人员使用了一种算法来分离噪音，成功地根据它们缺水还是受到切割来区分声音。该算法在温室环境中进行了这项工作，温室环境中有更多的周围声音，但它仍然能够识别出植物的特殊呼救声。)”可知，该算法用来分离噪音，辨别声音。故选D。【14题详析】细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“AstudyledbyRedaHassanienofChinaAgriculuralUniversityinBeijingyearsago,alsoprovedthatplantsreactedtosoundwaves,withsomeplantsgreatlyincreasingtheiryield.Whileevidenceshowsthatplantscanreacttosounds,there’snoevidencetodaythattheycanactuallyhearthem.(几年前，中国农业大学的RedaHassanien领导的一项研究也证明了植物对声波的反应，一些植物的产量大大提高。虽然有证据表明植物可以对声音做出反应，但现在还没有证据表明它们真的能听到声音。)”可知，植物可以发出声音并对声波做出反应。故选C。【15题详析】主旨大意题。根据文章第一段““Abeautifulfieldofflowerscanbearathernoisyplace.It’sjustthatwecan’thearthesounds.”ScientistsatTelAvivUniversityhaveconductedasix-yearexperiment,provingthatplantsmakenoiseincertainstressfulsituations.(“一片美丽的花田可能是一个相当嘈杂的地方。只是我们听不到声音。”特拉维夫大学的科学家们进行了一项为期六年的实验，证明植物在某些紧张的情况下会发出声音。)”以及全文内容可知，文章主要介绍了一项新的研究发现，该研究表明植物在某些紧张的情况下会发出声音。所以“PlantsTalk,EspeciallyWhenStressed(植物会说话，尤其是在有压力的时候)”作为文章标题最为合适。故选D。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。HowtoCelebrateEarthDayAreyoulookingforwaystocelebrateEarthDayonApril22?You’vecometotherightplace.Ifyou’rereadytolearnmoreaboutjoiningtheglobalcelebration,makingrealchange,anddoingyourparttosaveourplanet,readon!Walkorrideyourbike.____16____Evenonedaycanmakeadifference,butifyoucancommit(承诺)towalkingorbikingmoreofteninthefuture,that’sevenbetter!Ifyourdailycommute(通勤)istoofarforwalking/biking,trypublictransportationlikebusesortrains.Plantatree.Thissimpleactwillbenefittheenvironmentfordecades.Plantingatreeonlytakesafewminutes,butitcanmakeahugeimpact.____17____Theyhelptosaveenergy,cleanpollution,andprovidehomesformanybirds,insects,andotherlocalwildlife.AttendalocalEarthDayevent.____18____Ifyourcommunitydoesn’thaveoneplanned,considerstartingoneyourself.It’stheperfectdaytogettogetherforafunandeducationalcelebrationoftheearth.Visitalocalfarmer’smarket.Eatinglocallygrownfoodismuchbetterfortheenvironment.Forexample,locally-grownfooddoesn’thavetobetransportedlongdistancestoendupongrocerystoreshelves.____19____Committoonegreenactperday.Youcankeepreducingyourcarbon(碳)footprintonceEarthDayisover.____20____Whilesmallchangesattheindividuallevelmaynotseemlikeabigdeal,theyaddupovertimeandcanhaveamajorimpact.Movingforward,makeityourgoaltodoonesmallthingeverydaytosupporttheenvironment.A.EarthDaycanbeeveryday!B.Treesareextremelyimportant.C.Treasneedextracaretogrowwell.D.Getoutthereandappreciateourbeautifulworld.E.Goingcar-freeforthedaywillreduceharmfulgases.F.Seeifyourcommunityisholdinganenvironmentalfair.G.You’llalsobegivingbacktoyourcommunitybysupportinglocalfarmers.〖答案〗16.E17.B18.F19.G20.A〖解析〗【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些方法以更好地庆祝地球日。【16题详析】根据空后内容“Evenonedaycanmakeadifference,butifyoucancommit(承诺)towalkingorbikingmoreofteninthefuture,that’sevenbetter!Ifyourdailycommute(通勤)istoofarforwalking/biking,trypublictransportationlikebusesortrains.(即使是一天也会有所不同，但如果你能在未来更经常地走路或骑自行车，那就更好了!如果你每天上下班的路程太远，不适合步行或骑自行车，那就试试公共交通，比如公共汽车或火车。)”可知，空后主要讲述的是尽量不要开车，多选择步行或骑自行车。选项E“Goingcar-freeforthedaywillreduceharmfulgases.(一天不开车会减少有害气体。)”与下文内容一致，解释了为什么多选择步行或骑自行车。故选E。【17题详析】根据空后“Theyhelptosaveenergy,cleanpollution,andprovidehomesformanybirds,insects,andotherlocalwildlife.(它们有助于节约能源，清洁污染，并为许多鸟类，昆虫和其他当地野生动物提供家园。)”可知，“它们”的好处很多。选项B“Treesareextremelyimportant.(树木非常重要。)”内容上与下文一致，是下文内容的概括；而下文的“they”指的正是“tress”。故选B。【18题详析】根据空后内容“Ifyourcommunitydoesn’thaveoneplanned,considerstartingoneyourself.(如果你的社区没有这样的计划，考虑自己创建一个。)”可知，空处和“社区是否有这样的计划”有关。选项F“Seeifyourcommunityisholdinganenvironmentalfair.(看看你的社区是否正在举办环境博览会。)”与下文内容一致。故选F。【19题详析】根据空前内容“Visitalocalfarmer’smarket.Eatinglocallygrownfoodismuchbetterfortheenvironment.Forexample,locally-grownfooddoesn’thavetobetransportedlongdistancestoendupongrocerystoreshelves.(参观当地的农贸市场。吃当地种植的食物对环境更好。例如，当地种植的食物不需要经过长途运输才能最终出现在杂货店的货架上。)”可知，上文讲的是在当地农贸市场购买食物。选项G“You’llalsobegivingbacktoyourcommunitybysupportinglocalfarmers.(你也可以通过支持当地农民来回馈社区。)”与上文内容一致，指的都是在当地农贸市场购买食物，这样可以回馈社区。故选G。【20题详析】根据空前内容“Committoonegreenactperday.Youcankeepreducingyourcarbon(碳)footprintonceEarthDayisover.(每天做一件环保的事。地球日结束后，你可以继续减少碳足迹。)”可知，作者认为减少碳足迹，我们可以每一天都做一件环保的事情。选项A“EarthDaycanbeeveryday!(地球日可以是每一天！)”与上文内容一致，指的都是我们可以把每天都当做地球日来度过，每天都可以做一件环保的事情。故选A。第三部分：语言运用(共三节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Iwentonabird-watchinghikeintheSouthAmericanrainforesttoseesomerarebirds.Ourguide,Carlos,____21____usthroughthethicktreesandplantsuntilwereacheda____22____wherewecouldspotthebirdswewerelookingfor.Wewaited____23____,hopingtocatchaglimpseoftherarecreatures.____24____,Carlosgaveusasignalandpointedtoa.____25____nearby.Wecouldhardlyseeanything,butCarloshad____26____oneoftherarebirdsweweresearchingfor.Carlossetuphistelescopeandadjustedthelens(镜头)untilwecouldseethebird____27____.Wewatchedinawe(惊叹)asthebirdflewfrombranchtobranch,seemingly____28____byourpresence.Itwasabeautifulsightto____29____.Afterafewminutes,thebird_____30_____,andwecontinuedourhike,excitedbythe_____31_____.Bird-watchingintherainforestwasa_____32_____andpatience-testingactivity,butitwasworthitfortheuniqueandunforgettableexperience.Itwasunbelievabletoseethe_____33_____ofbirdspeciesinthejungleandappreciatetheirbeautyupclose.Carloswasanexcellentguidewhosharedhisknowledgeand_____34_____fortheenvironmentwithus.Iwouldrecommendthisactivitytoanyonewholovesnatureandwantsto_____35_____thewondersoftherainforest.21.A.led B.helped C.pulled D.drove22.A.trap B.clearing C.source D.farm23.A.indespair B.insilence C.withpride D.withrelief24.A.Confusingly B.Curiously C.Undoubtedly D.Suddenly25.A.rock B.cave C.tree D.stream26.A.spotted B.attacked C.caught D.saved27.A.regularly B.personally C.clearly D.briefly28.A.amazed B.frightened C.unaffected D.unhurt29.A.takein B.huntfor C.stirup D.referto30.A.trippedover B.showedup C.turnedback D.flewaway31.A.attempt B.performance C.impact D.experience32.A.striking B.challenging C.worthwhile D.beneficial33.A.diversity B.mystery C.mission D.origin34.A.patience B.energy C.passion D.intention35.A.show B.promote C.create D.witness〖答案〗21.A22.B23.B24.D25.C26.A27.C28.C29.A30.D31.D32.B33.A34.C35.D〖解析〗【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者前往热带雨林，在导游的带领下，亲眼目睹了雨林奇观的经历。【21题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们的导游Carlos带领我们穿过茂密的树木和植物，直到我们到达一块空地，在那里我们可以看到我们正在寻找的鸟。A.led带领；B.helped帮助；C.pulled拉；D.drove驱使。根据上文“Ourguide,Carlos”可知，Carlos是作者的导游，由此推断，Carlos带领作者他们穿过茂密的树木和植物。故选A。【22题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们的导游Carlos带领我们穿过茂密的树木和植物，直到我们到达一块空地，在那里我们可以看到我们正在寻找的鸟。A.trap陷阱；B.clearing空地；C.source资源；D.farm农场。根据上文“Iwentonabird-watchinghikeintheSouthAmericanrainforesttoseesomerarebirds.”可知，作者是去观鸟，所以导游是带领他们来到了可以观鸟的地方。故选B。【23题详析】考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：我们静静地等着，希望能瞥见这种稀有的生物。A.indespair绝望地；B.insilence寂静地；C.withpride自豪地；D.withrelief放松地。根据上文“Iwentonabird-watchinghikeintheSouthAmericanrainforesttoseesomerarebirds.”可知，作者是去观鸟的，所以应该是静静地等待。故选B。【24题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：突然，Carlos给了我们一个信号，指着附近的一棵树。A.Confusingly令人困惑地；B.Curiously好奇地；C.Undoubtedly毫无疑问地；D.Suddenly突然。根据上文可知，作者是在等待着观鸟。而下文“Carlosgaveusasignalandpointedtoa._______nearby.”则讲的是Carlos给了作者一个信号，所以是突然给了一个信号。故选D。【25题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：突然，Carlos给了我们一个信号，指着附近的一棵树。A.rock岩石；B.cave山洞；C.tree树；D.stream溪流。根据下文“Wewatchedinawe(惊叹)asthebirdflewfrombranchtobranch”可知，鸟是在树枝上飞来飞去，所以导游是指着附近的一棵树。故选C。【26题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们几乎什么也看不见，但Carlos发现了我们正在寻找的一种稀有鸟类。A.spotted发现；B.attacked袭击；C.caught抓住；D.saved挽救。根据下文“Carlossetuphistelescopeandadjustedthelens(镜头)untilwecouldseethebird”可知，导游Carlos已经发现了鸟。故选A。【27题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：Carlos拿起望远镜，调整镜头，直到我们能清楚地看到那只鸟。A.regularly定期地；B.personally私人地；C.clearly清晰地；D.briefly简短地。根据上文“Carlossetuphistelescopeandadjustedthelens(镜头)”可知，Carlos架起望远镜，调整镜头，根据常理推测，Carlos这样做是为了让我们能够清楚看到那只鸟。故选C。【28题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们敬畏地看着那只鸟从一根树枝飞到另一根树枝，似乎对我们的存在无动于衷。A.amazed惊叹的；B.frightened害怕的；C.unaffected不受影响的；D.unhurt没有受伤的。根据上文“Wewatchedinawe(惊叹)asthebirdflewfrombranchtobranch”可知，鸟非常活跃，再根据上文可知，作者他们静静地在看鸟，所以鸟并没有受到影响。故选C。【29题详析】考查动词短语词义辨析。这是一幅美丽的景色。句意：A.takein吸收、看到；B.huntfor搜寻；C.stirup激起；D.referto提及、参考。根据上文“Wewatchedinawe(惊叹)asthebirdflewfrombranchtobranch”可知，这是作者他们看到的美丽景色。故选A。【30题详析】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：几分钟后，鸟儿飞走了，我们继续徒步旅行，为这次经历感到兴奋。A.trippedover绊倒；B.showedup出现；C.turnedback转身、拒绝；D.flewaway飞走。根据下文“wecontinuedourhike”可知，作者他们继续徒步旅行，由此判断，鸟是飞走了。故选D。【31题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：几分钟后，鸟儿飞走了，我们继续徒步旅行，为这次经历感到兴奋。A.attempt试图；B.performance表演；C.impact影响；D.experience经历、经验。根据下文“butitwasworthitfortheuniqueandunforgettableexperience.”可知，作者他们虽然继续徒步，心中却还是对这次经历感到兴奋。故选D。【32题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在雨林中观鸟是一项具有挑战性和耐心的活动，但这是一次独特而难忘的经历，值得一试。A.striking显著的；B.challenging具有挑战的；C.worthwhile值得的；D.beneficial有益的。根据空后的“patience-testing”可知，观鸟需要耐心，再根据上文可知，观鸟是有挑战性的。故选B。【33题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在丛林中看到鸟类的多样性，近距离欣赏它们的美丽，真是令人难以置信。A.diversity多样性；B.mystery神秘；C.mission任务；D.origin起源。根据上文内容可知，作者特意来雨林观鸟，并看到了许多罕见的鸟类，所以空处指的是作者看到了鸟类的多样性。故选A。【34题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：Carlos是一位出色的导游，他与我们分享了他对环境的知识和