福建省十一校2023-2024学年高三上学期1月联考英语试题（原卷版）

2023—2024学年高三第一学期期末英语试卷注意事项：1.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C。1.Whenwillthemaneback?A.InOctober.B.InNovember.C.InDecember.2.WhatistherelationshipbetweenthemanspeakerandMike?A.Strangers.B.Partners.C.Friends.3.Whatdidthemanfailtodolastnight?A.Cookforhisfamily.B.Finishhisassignment.C.Walkhisdog.4.Whereistheman’sIDcard?A.Inthedrawer.B.Onthedesk.C.Inthebag.5.Howmuchshouldthemanpay?A.$80.B.$90.C.$100.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。6.Whatdoesthewomanwanttodo?A.Buyasmartphone.B.Repairhersmartphone.C.Replacehersmartphone.7.Whatistheman?A.Asalesman.B.Arepairman.C.Amanager.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。8.Whichkindofanimalsdidthemanfeedwhenhewasakid?A.Pigs.B.Rabbits.C.Dogs.9.Whydoesthemanapplyforthejob?A.It’seasy.B.It’swellpaid.C.It’shisdreamcareer.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。10.Whatdidthemanchangeforhiscaraweekago?A.Theheadlights.B.Theengine.C.Thefueltank.11.Whydoesthemanrefusetobuyanewcar?A.Hiswifedoesn’tsupporthim.B.Hehasfeelingsfortheoldone.C.Hedoesn’thaveenoughmoney.12.Howwillthespeakersgotothetheater?A.Bycar.B.Bybus.C.Bysubway.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。13.Whatarethespeakersdoing?A.Havingameeting.B.Attendingaparty.C.Visitinganartexhibition.14.WhatdoweknowaboutTony?A.HeisaGerman.B.HeisfromNewYork.C.HeisanativeofPortland.15.WhatdoesSusando?A.Sheisaserverinarestaurant.B.Sheteachesartinahighschool.C.SheisanartteacherattheArtCollege.16.WhatdoesTonyaskSusantodonextweek?A.etohisartexhibition.B.BehismodelattheArtCollege.C.Attendhisgraduationceremony.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。17.Whatshouldyoudofirstwhenyou’relostinthewoods?A.Calmyourselfdown.B.Lookforfamiliartrees.C.Trytoremembertheroute.18.Whatdoexpertsadviseyoutodowhenyoucan’tfindyourwayinthewoods?A.Followwhateverstreamyoufind.B.Gouptothetopofsomemountains.C.Stayinsomewetlandfortherescue.19.Whichisthefirstwaypeoplewouldusetosearchforyouinthewoodsnowadays?A.Turningtoanairplaneforhelp.BLocatingyouthroughyourcellphone.C.Lookingfortrailsyoumighthaveleft.20.Whatshouldyoualwaysdobeforeyougointothewoods?A.Prepareadetailedmap.B.Tellsomeoneyourplan.C.Bringalongyourcellphone.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AWhileAlicehasheradventuresintheWonderland,youcanhaveyourownaswellthissummer.BritishcontemporaryartistPhilipColberthascreatedaLobster(龙虾)WonderlandinChangsha,HunanProvince.Date:July15Location:ChangshaInternationalFinanceSquare(ChangshaIFS)AboutPhilipColbertHisgloballyweledlobsterserieshaswontheheartsofalargenumberoffollowers.Theartist,withamaster’sinphilosophy,takeslobsterashissecondpersonality.Throughlargeinstallations,publicartthemeexhibitionandnewmediaart,theartisthasintroducedworksfromgalleriesandcreatedasurrealartsceneryincity’spublicspacewithabinationofpopartandlocalculture.FeaturesInChangshaIFS,Colbert’sexhibition,whichistheLondonbasedartist’sfirstlargescaleoutdoorpublicartinstallations,hasthreemajorsectors,showcasinghislargeinstallations,sculpturesandnewmediaartsaswellasthespecialworkscreatedfortheevent.Theopeningceremony,anartcarnival,sawthedebut(首次登台)ofa12meterlongLobsterTaikonautspeciallymadebyColbert.HisLobsterFlowerandLobsterSharkalsofoundtheirwayintheparade.Atthesouthwestsquare,peoplecanfindLobsterFountaintowering12metersandenjoytwomajorthemesectors,LobsterIslandandLobsterSkatePark.LobsterRainbowalobsterbreakingthrougharoofwitharainbowbehindit,istheartist’sbrandnewworkforChangshaIFS.Inhisworks,suchasDaydreamer,Colbertalsoexpresseshiswishofnarrowingthedistancebetweenartpiecesandpeople.1.WhatisPhilipColbertwellknownfor?A.AliceWonderland. B.Sharkexperience.C.Lobsterseries. D.Rainbowstory.2.Whatcanwelearnabouttheexhibitionaccordingtothetext?A.Ittookplaceintheopenair.B.Therewasnospecialworksfortheevent.C.Peoplecanenjoylobsterfountainandlake.D.LobsterIslandistheartist’sbrandnewworkforChangshaIFS.3.Wherecanthetextprobablybefound?A.Ashoppingbrochure.B.Anartmagazine.C.Asciencereport.D.Afashionadvertisement.BOnMarch1,Dr.JosephDituribeganaprojecttostayfor100daysataspecialhotelcalledJules’sUnderseaLodge30feetundertheoceansurfaceinaconservationareainKeyLargo.Thefartheryougobelowtheocean’ssurface,thegreaterthepressure.Dr.Dituriwantedtolearnhowthispressurewouldaffectthehumanbodyovertime.Hebelievesthathighpressurecouldhelppeoplelivelongerandstayhealthierastheygetolder.Itcouldalsohelpdoctorstreatdifferentmedicalproblems,includingbraininjuries.Whilehewaslivingunderwater,Dr.Dituristayedbusy.Heoftenexercisedinthemorning.Hekeptteachinghiscollegeclassesvirtuallyandhadonlinechatswithover5,500studentsfrom15differentcountries.Healsoworkedwithoceanexpertstofigureoutwaystopreservetheocean.Heevenhadanumberofvisitorswhodovedowntospendalittletimewithhim.OnJune9,Dr.Diturireturnedtothesurfacewithanewworldrecord,beatingtheoldrecordof73days.Manyfriends,family,andothersupportersweretheretogreethimandcelebratehissuccess.Doctorsquicklycheckedhimouttomakesurehewasokay.Actually,Dr.Dituriwentthroughseveralbigchanges.Foronething,hebecame1.3centimetersshorterduringhistimeinthehigherunderseapressure.Sleepingmuchbetter,hishealthgreatlyimprovedinacoupleofways.Dr.Dituriandhisteamplantostudytheinformationtheycollectedduringtheproject.InNovember,Dr.DituriwillspeakatanimportantmedicalmeetinginScotlandaboutthediscoveriesthescientistsmadeduringtheproject.Dr.Diturisayshisfavoritepartoftheprojectwastalkingwithyoungpeople.“Whoknows?”hesaid.“Maybeoneday,oneofthemwille.backandbreaktherecordwejustset.MygreatesthopeisthatIhaveinspiredanewgenerationofexplorersandresearcherstopushpastallboundaries.4.WhatisJules’sUnderseaLodgespecialfor?A.Itsconvenience. B.Itsreputation. C.Itslocation. D.Itsluxuriousness.5.WhydidDr.Dituridecidetostaylonginthehotel?A.Totreathisbraininjuries. B.Tolivelongerandhealthier.C.Todealwithmedicalproblems. D.Totestoneofhisacademicideas.6.WhichstatementbestdescribesDr.Dituri’sundersealife?A.Hekeptadailyroutinealmostasusual.B.Hewasbusywithmedicalexperiments.C.Heledadulllifeseparatedfromtheothers.D.Hesetaworldrecordofliving73daysunderwater.7.WhatdoesDr.Dituriwishyoungpeopletodo?A.municatemorewithhim. B.Exploretheunknownbravely.C.Studytheinformationoftheproject. D.MeetattheconferenceinScotland.CEachyear,morethan27millionU.S.andCanadiankidsgettoschoolbybus.Mostofthosebusesrunondiesel(柴油)fuel,whichgiveoutpollutionthatriderscantakein.Pollutionlevelscanbeseveraltimeshigherinsideadieselschoolbusthanoutsideit.Why?Pollutioncanleakinfromthefloororblowinthroughwindows.AU.S.governmentprogramstartedin2012offeredschools’moneyspentoncleanerschoolbusesbutnotallschoolscouldgetit.Fiveyearslater,emissionsfrombusesinthewinningdistrictsfell.Andayearaftergettingnewbuses,studentattendancehadimprovedinthosedistricts.Foranaveragedistrictof10,000students,aboutsixmorestudentsattended‘schooleachday’inthewinningdistricts,paredtothelosingdistricts.Winningschoolswithhigherratesofbusridingkidshadanaverageof14morestudentsinclasseachday.Andwinningdistrictsthatreplacedtheoldestschoolbuses?Theyhadanaverageof45morestudentsinschooleachday.Thosenumbersmaysoundsmall,buttheyaddup.Andschoolattendancemattersforstudentachievement.Almost3millionU.S.kidsrideschoolbusesmorethan20yearsold.IfU.S.schooldistrictshadreplacedallofthoseolderbuses,therewouldhavebeen1.3millionfewerstudentabsenceseachyear.Theremightbeotherreasonsforbetterattendance.Forexample,maybekidspreferrednewbuses.However,themostlikelyreasonforfewerstudentabsenceswasbetterhealth.Astudydoneonadultsshowedthatabriefexposuretodieselemissionsreduced“networkconnectivity”inthebrain.Inotherstudies,suchnetworkconnectivitychangeshavebeenlinkedtoworsenedmemoryandmentaltasks.AWashingtonStateprogramupgradedpollutioncontrolsinolddieselbuses.Afterward,fewerkidswerehospitalizedinthosedistrictsthaninschoolswithoutbusupgrades.AlmostallU.S.schooldistrictscanapplyfortheprogram.Butschoolsinlowineareas,intribalareasand,inruralareaswillgetpriority.Kidsintheseareastendtofacethemosthealthrisksfromolderbuses.8.Whatcanweinferaboutdieselschoolbusesfromthefirstparagraph?A.Theyhaveashortservicelife.B.Theyoperatecosteffectively.C.Theyacmodatefewpassengers.D.Theydomuchharmtoschoolchildren.9.Whyistheincreaseinschoolattendancesmallbutimportant?A.Itisalongaccumulation. B.Itisawinningcondition.C.Itisameasuringstandard. D.Itisastudentachievement.10.Howdoesthebusreplacementbringbetterstudentattendance?A.Byreducingthenetworkconnectivity.B.Bybetteringthehealthstateofstudents.C.Byimprovingstudentsatisfactionwithschools.D.Bymeetingstudents’demandforschoolbusdrivers.11.Whatdoesthetextmainlytalkabout?A.The“networkconnectivity”inthebrain.B.Thegreatworkoncleanerschoolbuses.C.AU.S.governmentprogramforeducation.D.Betterattendanceduetonewschoolbuses.DResearchershaveproposedanovelmethodforcountingandtrackingvehiclesonpublicroads,adevelopmentthatcouldimprovecurrenttrafficsystemsandhelptravelersgettotheirdestinationsfaster.UsingthecamerasalreadyinstalledoncampusbusesattheOhioStateUniversity,researchersprovedthattheycouldautomaticallyandaccuratelymeasurecountsofvehiclesonurbanroadways,detectobjectsintheroadanddistinguishparkedvehiclesfromthosethataremoving.Inpreviousstudies,OhioStateresearchersfoundthatusingthesemobilecamerasprovidesmuchbetterspatialandtemporal(时间的)coveragethanrelyingonoftentemporarilyplacedsensorsthatdon’tprovideaviewofmanystreetsandroadsinacity.“Ifwecollectandprocessmorehighresolution(高清)spatialinformationaboutwhat’shappeningontheroads,thenplannerscouldbetterunderstandchangesindemand,effectivelyimprovingefficiencyinthebroadertransportationsystem,”saidKeithRedmill,leadauthorofthestudy.“Ifwecanmeasuretrafficinawaythatisasgoodorbetterthanwhatisconventionallydonewithfixedsensors,thenwewillhavecreatedsomethingincrediblyusefulextremelycheaply,”hesaid.“Ourgoalistostartbuildingasystemthatcoulddothiswithoutmuchmanualinterventionbecauseifyouwanttocollectthisinformationoverlotsofpotentialvehiclesandlotsoftime,it’sworthfullyautomatingthatprocess.”Whilestillalongwayfromtotalimplementation(实施),thestudysuggeststhesystem’sresultsbearpromiseforthefutureofintelligenttrafficsurveillance.Transportationplanners,engineersandoperatorsmakevitaldecisionsaboutthefutureofourroadways,sowhendesigningtransportationsystemstoworkoverthenext30to50years,it’snecessarythatwegivethemdatathatallowsthemtoimprovetheefficiencyofthesystemandthelevelofserviceprovidedtotravelers.12.Howcancamerasonbusesbenefittravelers?A.Byshorteningtheirtraveltime.B.Bymakingtheirschedulestight.C.Bydecreasingtheirtransportcost.D.Byimprovingtheirsafetyawareness.13.Whatcanweknowaboutthesensorsplacedonbuses?ATheyprovidemorespatialcoverage.B.Theycan’tdetectobjectsontheroad.C.Theycoverlessviewoftheurbantraffic.D.Theyaccuratelyrecordtheflowoftraffic.14.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“surveillance”inparagraph6mean?A.Operation. B.Monitoring. C.Protection. D.Arrangement.15.Whatisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.TransportationautomationisonitswayB.ItistimetoimprovetheefficiencyoftrafficsystemC.TransportationplannersusecamerastomakepoliciesD.Camerasinstalledonbusescanbettermeasuretraffic第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Gettingandstayingfocusedcanbeachallengeeveninthebestoftimes.Butwitheverythinggoingonintheworld,concentratingcanoftenfeeldownrightimpossible.Belowaresometipstohelpyoufindyourflow.Distract(使分心)yourbrain.Scheduleintoeveryworkdaysomebreaksfromallthatfocusingandallowyourmindtotravelintowhat’scalledthe“default(默认的)modenetwork”forabitoffreestyleactivities.___16___.It’stheplacewhereourmindsfindinnovationandcreativityandoftenmakebetterdecisionsthanthefocusedmind.___17___.Thisinvolvesfirstturningyourattentioninward.Trytravelingwithyourmindtosomeplaceenjoyable—maybeit’sawalkthroughanimaginaryforestorsunbathingonawarmsandybeach.Doingthisseveraltimesadaycanofferyourmindafreshapproachtothejobathand.Blockinterruptionsbeforedivingintodeepwork.___18___.Tohelp,turnofftextmessaging,notificationsandsocialmediaalerts.Bevitalwhenyouwantadeepdiveintofocus.Yourimportantworkbenefitswhenyoushutofforputawayyourphoneandotherscreens.Knowyourbodyclock.Whetheryouaresharpinthemorningoranightowl,don’tspendyourday—inparticularyourpeakbrainhours—doingbusywork.___19___.Trynewhobbies.Engaginginhobbiesnotonlyisfunbutcanhelpuseupwithnewsolutionstoproblemswe’refacingatworkorhome.___20___A.TrytodaydreamwhathappenedB.WetrytoobtainfocusbutinvainC.EngageinpositiveconstructivedaydreamingD.Instead,reserveyourbestbraintimeforthebigstuffE.ThisnetworkofthebraincircuitiswheremagichappensF.Ourdaysarefilledwithdistractions,fromothersandourselvesG.Allowingyourmindtimetoplayisanotherwaytoinviteinnovation第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Thisisatruestorythattookplaceafewdaysago.Thiswomanlooked___21___,butshewasveryprettyinmyeyes.Imetthemostbeautifulwomaninashop.Shewasn’tthat___22___asshewas5feetatthemost.Her___23___wasbent,too.Shewasthinandherfacewas___24___withblackagespotsfromalifetimeofworkinginthesun.Herhairwasthinandwhite.Shewasatleast80yearsoldandmighthavebeenover90.Shemoved___25___andwithgreatcare.However,whenshe___26___atyouintheeyeandspoketoyou,youcouldseeher___27___beautyshiningthrough.Herfacewaswrinkledfromavery___28___lifeofhardworkanddifficulty.Butitwasthelinesaroundhereyesthatcaughtmy___29___.Thesewrinklesweredeepandforever“canyons”thathadbeen____30____byamillionsmilesandalifetimeoflaughter.Her____31____weredeepsetandhiddenbehindthick,heavyglasses.Butyoucouldstillseealovelylight____32____outofthem.Whenshetalkedtoyou,theywerebrightwithawonderfulshinethattoldyoushewas____33____withfaith,love,hope,kindnessandjoy.Ionly____34____herforaminuteortwo,yetIleftfeelingbetter,andhappier.Ionlyhopethatonedaymyownfacewill____35____thesignsthathersdid,showingahappylife,andalovedlife.21A.ordinary B.accessible C.delightful D.delicate22.A.depressed B.efficient C.tall D.lazy23.A.foot B.image C.back D.dignity24A.awarded B.covered C.associated D.issued25.A.slowly B.firmly C.finally D.obviously26.A.wondered B.looked C.glared D.pointed27.A.superb B.slight C.typical D.true28.A.long B.mon C.reserved D.strange29.A.concern B.attention C.curiosity D.sympathy30.A.rewarded B.motivated C.formed D.integrated31.A.options B.emotions C.smiles D.eyes32.A.escaping B.shining C.dying D.swinging33.A.anxious B.pared C.content D.filled34.A.castoff B.focusedon C.spoketo D.applaudedfor35.A.change B.present C.lose D.improve第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Dieselengines(柴油机)workonthesamebasicprinciples___36___gasolineengines,buttheydotheworkdifferently.Let’stakeacloserlook.Thestoryofthedieselengineactuallybeginswiththeinventionofthegasolineengine.NikolausAugustOtto___37___(invent)thegasolineenginein1861.Hisinventionusedthefourstrokebustion(四冲程燃烧)principle,alsoknownasthe“OttoCycle”,___38___isthebasisformostcarenginestoday.Initsearlystage,thegasolineenginewasn’tveryefficient,andothermajormethodsoftransportation,suchasthesteamengine,performed___39___(poor)aswell.Onlyabout10percentofthefuel___40___(use)topowerthesetypesofenginesactuallymovedavehicle.Therestofthefuelsimplyproduceduselessheat.RudolfDieselcreatedanenginewithhighefficiency,andhedevotedmuchofhistimeto___41___(develop)a“bustionpowerengine”.By1892Dieselhadobtainedapatentfor___42___wenowcallthedieselengine.Fordecades,dieselengineshadareputationforbeingdirtyandloud.WhileEuropeadoptedthetechnologyprettywidely,most___43___(drive)intheUnitedStatessaid,“No,thankyou.”Bythe21stcentury,thoughdieselenginesbecamefarcleaner,much___44___(quiet)andevenmoreefficient,theyexperiencedasetbackinpopularopinionbecauseofascandal(丑闻)in2014.Thanksto___45___(they)provenefficiency,though,dieselenginesareregainingsomeground.第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）46.假定你是李华，你的外教Novak精通小提琴，而你擅长琵琶（Chineselute），你想跟他互相学习。请你给他写一封信，内容包括：1.钦佩他的演奏；2.提出互相学习。注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。DearNovak,____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua第二节（满分25分）47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。AFortunateEscape“TruthorDare,Ben?”Maxquestioned.Max,BenandIwerewalkinghometogetherwhileItooksmallbitesofthebeefburgerIhadgrabbedfromashopnearby.“TruthorDare”wasagameweusuallyplayedtoamuseourselvesonthelengthy,boringjourneyhome.Benwantedadare.“Well,Ben,Idareyoutocarrymybagallthewayhome!”MaxmandedaswelaughedatpoorBen’strouble.AsBenpulledtheheavybaguphisshoulde