Unit5HumansandnatureLesson3Racetothepole课件高中英语北师大版1（完整版）3

Unit5HUMANSANDNATURELesson3RACETOTHEPOLEEightBelow《南极大冒险》Neverunderestimateanylivingspiritswilltosurviveespeciallywhenthey'resurroundedbyfamily..Languagepoints

1.base[beɪs]n.基地，底部vt.以…为基地；以…为基础a).basicadj.基础的，基本的basicallyadv.基本上basisn.基础，要素b).atthebaseof在…底部bebasedin…总部位于base…on.upon…以…为基础onthebasisofsth在某事的基础上；根据某事Unit52.preparationn.预备，准备a).preparev.准备，筹备preparedadj.事先准备好的b).inpreparationfor为准备…makepreparationsfor为…做准备preparetodosth准备做某事prepareforsth为某事做准备1)他的理论是以科学实验为基础的。2)这部电影是以一个真实的故事为基础的。Hebasedhis

theory

on/uponscientificexperiments.Thismovieisbasedon/uponatruestory.Languagepoints

Unit53.breakdown停止运转，出故障，分解，(计划)失败，(身体)垮掉a).breakout（战争、火灾等）爆发breakup打碎，分裂，解体breakoff突然中断

breakthrough

突破

breakin闯入preparing1)_________________(preparation)

for

theopeningceremonyarewellunderway.开幕式的准备工作正在顺利进行中。2)Herparentswerebusy______________(prepare)togoonholiday.她的父母正忙于准备去度假。Preparations（1）Wearesorrytoarrivelate,butthecarbrokedown.（2）Aftermanyyears,rocksbreakdownintodirt.（3）Theplanwasgood,butitbrokedown,becausetheywereunwillingtocarryitout.（4）Ifyourmothercontinuestoworklikethis,shewillbreakdownsoon.Languagepoints

4.ambitionn.抱负，野心，理想a).ambitiousadj.有野心的

b).anambitiontodosth做某事的雄心/渴望做某事sb’sambitionsofdoingsth某人做某事的理想achieve/fulfil/realiseanambition实现理想befullofambition满腹雄心beambitiousfor…对…有雄心Unit5

5.provevt.证明；证实likingv.最终显示为；被发现是a).provesthtosb向某人证明某事provesb/sth(tobe)+adj./n.证明某人/某物(是)…prove(that)/wh-从句

证明…provesbwrong/innocent证明某人是错误的/无罪的b).provetobe…证明是…(prove为系动词时，不能用被动形式)她一直未能实现当名作家的夙愿。Languagepoints

Unit56.distantadj.遥远的；久远的；远亲的a).distancen.距离，间距；远方distantlyadv.远地b).bedistantfrom与…距离遥远atadistanceof在距离…处inthedistance在远处keepone’sdistance保持距离1)Thedifficultywashowhecouldprovehisideas_______otherscientists.困难在于他如何向其他科学家证明自己的观点。2)Theboytriedtoprovehimself____________(be)agoodstudentandhereallyprovedbest.这个男孩努力证明自己是一个好学生，他确实被证明是最棒的。3)Astimewenton,Einstein’stheory__________________correct.to

tobe

provedtobe

Languagepoints

7.difficultyn.困难；费劲；难题；难事a).with/withoutdifficlty费力地，毫不费力地havedifficultiesindoingsth做某事有困难runintodifficulty/difficulties陷入困境/遇到难题b).同义表达:havetrouble/problems/ahardtime(in)doingsthUnit5Thepatientwasperceivedtohavedifficultyinbreathing.发现病人呼吸困难。Ifyourawarenessisassharpasitcouldbe,you'llhavenotroubleansweringthesequestions．意识足够敏锐的话你就不会觉得这些问题很难回答。Mr.Popper’sPenguins《波普先生的企鹅》Pictureyourselfinaboatonariver,withtangerinetreesandmarmaladeskies.1.Becauseofthis,hemaderapidprogress.

因此，他进展很快。becauseof:asaresultof

因为，由于复合介词，后可接名词，v.-ing和代词egWestayedathomebecauseoftherain.Theboydidn’tdohishomeworkbecauseofwatchingTV.because和becauseofbecause和becauseof都可以表示原因，你知道它们在用法上有什么区别吗？because是连词，引导原因状语从句。because+句子可以直接回答以why开头的特殊疑问句。becauseof是短语介词，其后常接名词、代词或v.-ing形式。【语境应用】根据句意选用because或becauseof填空。1)Katewaslateforwork____________shemissedtheearlybus.2)Ididn’tgotothezoo____________thehotweather.3)—Whydidn’tMikewritetoAlicelastmonth?—____________hewasverybusy.4)Tedcametothiscity____________you.becausebecauseofbecauseofBecauseThencamethefinalawardceremonyattheendoftheyear.

谓语动词完全位于主语之前，为全部倒装，此时要注意句中的谓语动词单复数要与后面的主语保持一致。全部倒装主要用于以下情况:全部倒装Outrushedthestudents.学生冲出去了。全部倒装Therestandsaweatherstationatthetopofthehill.山顶上有一个气象站。ToreadandtalkaboutthedifficultiesthatexplorersfaceandthepreparationsforthemToreadfordeepunderstandingTosummariseinformationTolearntoreadfortheimpliedmeaningofsentencesn.

预备，准备Antarctica(南极)—thecoldestanddriestcontinentontheEarth,90%ofwhichismadeofice;it’sinhabitedbypenguinsHowmuchdoyouknowaboutAntarctica?IfyouaregivenachancetotraveltoAntarctica,willyoutakeit?Giveyourreasons.IfTomwanttoexploreAntarctica,canyougivehimsomeadviceonwhathecanpreparefortheexploration?n.

探险；探索mapfood

ski(滑雪板)sledge(雪橇)Ateamofdogstents(帐篷)warmclothes1.LookatthephotosofAntarctica.Whatdifficultiesdoyouthinkexplorersmayfacethere?Whatpreparationsdotheyneedtomake?n.

探险者；勘察者Whatarethetemperatureslike?Howwouldyoudresstodealwiththeweather?Howwouldyougetfood?Aretherecivilisationscloseby?TeamsScott’steamwhenthejourneybeganwhathappenedtothemReachedthepolefirstandthenreturnedsafely.Amundsen’steamOn1November,1911On8September,1911ArrivesattheSouthPolelaterthanAmundsen’steam,anddidnotreturn3.Readagain.Completetheinformationaboutthetwoexplorationteams.Thentalkaboutthejourneysbasedonyournotes.Scott’steamAmundsen’steamNationalityofthetwoteamsBeforethejourneyBritish.Norwegian.Theyorganisedfoodbases.Theyorganisedfoodbases.n.

基地，大本营Scott’steamAmundsen’steamJourneytothedestinationTwosledgesbrokedown,thehorseshaddifficultieswiththecold.Scottandhismenhadtopushthesledgesthemselves.Hehadteamsofdogspullingthesledgesandallhismenwereonskis.Becauseofthis,hemadrapidprogress.Scott’steamAmundsen’steamArrivalatthedestinationScottarrivedatthePolewithfourteammemberson17January,1912,andwasdisheartened.AmundsenreachedthePoleon14December,1911andputaNorwegianflagthere.Thenhepreparedforthereturnjourney.Scott’steamAmundsen’steamThereturnjourneyMenwereverytiredandwererunningoutoffood.Theweatherconditionswereterrible.Theybroughtrocksbackforscientificevaluation.Allmembersdied.Amundsenandhisteamarrivedsafelybacktotheirstartingbaseon25January,1912,tendaysaheadoftheirplannedschedule.4.SummarisethechangeoffeelingsonScott’steam’sreturnjourney.Givereasonsforthewordsorphrasesyouhavechosen.HowdidScott’steamfeelatthebeginningofthejourney?Howdidtheyfeelattheend?Whydoyouthinkthischanged?hopelessandhelpless(Themenweretiredandwererunningoutoffood.)determinedanddevoted(Theyfoundtimetolookforrocksandcarriedtwentykilosofrocksallthewaywiththem.)sadbutcourageous(EdgarEvanshadaterriblediseaseanddied.ThenexttogowasCaptainOates.Weallhopetomeettheendwithasimilarspirit.)5.ReadtheunderlinedsentencesfromScott’sdiaryandletter.Workouttheimpliedmeaningofthesesentencesfromthecontext.Writeyourinferencesbelow.SkillBuilderMakinginferencesSometimesthingsarenotstatedexplicitly(明确地)inthetext.Tounderstandwhatismeant,youneedtoreadbetweenthelines.Thisiscalled“makinginferences”.Readthesentence/paragraphcarefully.Readthelinesbeforeandafterit.Useyourlogicandknowledgetounderstandtheimplied(暗含的)meaningofthetext.line21Theylostthereasonforthejourney.line26Themenweregettingweaker.line33Heisgoingtowalkintothecoldanddieawayfromtheteam.line42Thejourneycostthementheirlives.6-1.WouldyousaythatScottandhisteamwerelosers?Whyorwhynot?EventhoughScottandhisteamlosttheracetothePole,theyshowedtruedeterminationandstrengthofcharacterwhichisseeninheroes.Scottandhisteamareinspirationalandnotlosers.Scott’steamhadalwayskepttheirgoalsinmind.Theycarriedtherockseveninextremelydifficultsituations.Thespiritandwhattheyhavedonehelpedfollowersdofurtherresearch.6-2.HowdoyouunderstandAmunden’ssayingaboutScott’sdeath“CaptainScottleftarecord,forhonesty,sincerity,forbravery,foreverythingthatmakesaman”?CaptainScottwroteadiarydetailinghisjourney,eachentrywastruthfulandhonest.Hewashonestaboutthefeelingsofhisteamandhisfears.CaptainScottandhisteambroughtbackrocksforresearch,theydidnotonlythinkaboutthemselvesbutalsoaboutthegreatergoodofhumankindandtheeffectoftheresearch.8.ReadthesentencesfromScott’sdiaryandletteragain.1Discusswhathewastryingtosayineachone.Lines20-21:FindingAmundsen’steamhadarrivedearly,Scott’steamfeltdefeatedanddespaired.Lines25-26:Eachonewantedtoencouragetheother,butnoonewasreallysureaboutwhat’sgoingtohappen.Theyweregettingweak.Lines33-36:Althoughtheywerefacingextremedifficulties,noonewantedtoshowtheweakness.Alltheteammemberswantedtoactlikeagentlemananddiebravely.Lines41-42:Scottfullyunderstoodthattheycouldnotpullthroughandtheycametotheirfinaltime.Hethoughttheexplorationwasworthwhile,butitjustcosttoomuch.Lines44-45:ThesewereScott’slastwords.2Highlightthepartsthatimpressyoumostandexplainwhy.9.Discussthefollowingquestions.Readthetextagainifnecessary.1Whydoyouthinkthewriterofthetextusedtheword“race”inthetitle?Theword“race”mayhavethefollowingmeaningsinthetext:It’saracebetweenScott’steamandAmundsen’steamtoseewhocangettothePolefirst.ForScott’steam,it’saracebetweensurvivalanddeath.ForScott’steam,it’salsoaracebetweentheterribleconditiontheteamfaceandtheirperseveranceandbravery.2WhywastheworldshockedbyScott’sdeath?PeoplewereshockedbyScott’sdeathpossiblybecause:Scottandhisteammembersdiedsobravely.Theydidn’tgiveawaythestoneseveninsuchbadconditions.Theygotwithinjust11milesofoneoftheirfoodbases.Theydiedinthewayofagentleman.breakdownbeginhisjourneyto...beonthewayto...theraceto...

inpreparationfor...bethefirsttoleavemakerapidprogresshaveseriousdifficultieswith...tendaysaheadoftheirplannedschedulerunoutoffoodhavegreatdifficultywalkinghaveaterriblediseasetheactofabravemanmakethemheroes-tionCanyouaddmorewords?-less-ful-ness-lyexpectationcarelessorganizationuselesspeacefulbeautiful

happinesskindnessquicklyhappily

很多单词都是通过加前缀或后缀变成一个全新的单词，这些前缀和后缀是有规律可循的，利用前缀和后缀来记单词，记忆效率可以大幅提升。前缀改变单词词义，后缀决定单词词性。前缀后缀prefixsuffix否定、方向、程度体现单词的词性-ful形容词-ment名词-er名词-ly形容词、副词-en动词dis-in-否定re-相反；再次；向后ex-出，外；以前的pre-前post-后后缀意义例词-tion表示“行为”，这个后缀的引申意有“行为的过程，结果，情况，性质，状态，动作”。attention

-less表示“无……的，不……的”homeless-ful表示“充满......的”

shameful-ness表示性质、情况、状态

darkness-ly副词后缀，表示状态、方式、程度、方向、次序、时间等probably

WordBuilderSuffixesprepare____________situate___________hope___________cheer___________explore___________anxious___________sad___________preparation-tion-less-ful-ness-lyAsuffixisaletteroragroupoflettersthatisaddedtotheendofawordtochangeitsmeaning.Suffixes-lessmeanswithout,e.g.fearless-fulmeansfullof,e.g.helpful-nessmeansastateorqualityandmakesanoun,e.g.kindness-lyformsadverbsfromadjectives,e.g.kindlyWordBuilderSuffixesprepare____________situate___________hope___________cheer___________explore___________anxious___________sad___________preparation-tion-less-ful-ness-lysituationhopeless