高考英语一轮模拟预测题组训练专题十五逻辑结构题

专题十五逻辑结构题基础闯关题组Passage1Theproductionofcoffeebeansisahuge,profitablebusiness,but,unfortunately,fullsunproductionistakingovertheindustryandbringingaboutalotofdamage.Thechangeinhowcoffeeisgrownfromshadegrownproductiontofullsunproductionendangerstheveryexistenceofcertainanimalsandbirds,andevendisturbstheworld’secologicalbalance.Onalocallevel,thedamageoftheforestrequiredbyfullsunfieldsaffectsthearea’sbirdsandanimals.Theshadeoftheforesttreesprovidesahomeforbirdsandotherspecies(物种)thatdependonthetrees’flowersandfruits.Fullsuncoffeegrowersdestroythisforesthome.Asaresult,manyspeciesarequicklydyingout.Onamoregloballevel,thedestructionoftherainforestforfullsuncoffeefieldsalsothreatens(威胁)humanlife.Medicalresearchoftenmakesuseoftheforests’plantandanimallife,andthedestructionofsuchspeciescouldpreventresearchersfromfindingcuresforcertaindiseases.Inaddition,newcoffeegrowingtechniquesarepoisoningthewaterlocally,andeventuallytheworld’sgroundwater.Bothlocallyandglobally,thecontinuedspreadoffullsuncoffeeplantations(种植园)couldmeanthedestructionoftherainforestecology.Thelossofshadetreesisalreadycausingaslightchangeintheworld’sclimate,andstudiesshowthatthelossofoxygengivingtreesalsoleadstoairpollutionandglobalwarming.Moreover,thenewgrowingtechniquesarecontributingtoacidic(酸性的)soilconditions.Itisobviousthatthewaymuchcoffeeisgrownaffectsmanyaspectsoflife,fromthelocalenvironmenttotheglobalecology.Butconsumersdohaveachoice.Theycanpurchaseshadegrowncoffeewheneverpossible,althoughatahighercost.Thefuturehealthoftheplanetandmankindissurelyworthmorethananinexpensivecupofcoffee.1.WhatcanwelearnaboutfullsuncoffeeproductionfromParagraph4?A.Itlimitsthespreadofnewgrowingtechniques.B.Itleadstoairpollutionandglobalwarming.C.Itslowsdownthelossofshadetrees.D.Itimproveslocalsoilconditions.2.Thepurposeofthetextisto.

A.entertain B.advertise C.instruct D.persuade3.Wheredoesthistextprobablyefrom?A.Anagriculturalmagazine. B.Amedicaljournal.C.Anengineeringtextbook. D.Atouristguide.4.Whichofthefollowingshowsthestructureofthewholetext?(P:Paragraph)Passage2Accordingtosociologists(社会学家),everymodernindustrialsocietyhassomeformofsocialstratification(阶层).Class,powerandstatusareimportantindecidingpeople’srankinsociety.Classmeansaperson’seconomicpositioninsociety.Amonlyusedclassificationislowerclass,middleclassandupperclass.Whilesociologistsdisagreeonhowthesetermsshouldbeexactlydefined,theydodescribesocietiesliketheUnitedStatesquitewell.Onestudyshowsthat53%ofAmericansbelongtothelowerclass,46%themiddleclass,and1%theupperclass.Interestingly,asurgeonearning$500,000ayearandabusdriverearning$50,000ayearbothregardthemselvesasthemiddleclass!Powerreferstotheamountofcontrolapersonhasoverotherpeople.Obviously,peopleinpositionsofgreatpower(suchasgovernors)exercise(行使)bigpower,butpeoplewhotakeordersfromothershavelesspower.Powerandclassdonotalwaysgohandinhand,however.Forexample,thegovernorofastatehasgreatpower,butheorshemaynotbelongtoacorresponding(相应的)economicclass.Generally,however,thereisarelationshipbetweenpowerandclass.Toourknowledge,therearen’ttoomanypeoplewhoaren’tmillionairesintheU.S.Senate!Statusisthehonororrespectattachedtoaperson’spositioninsociety.Itcanalsobeaffectedbypowerandclass,butnotnecessarilyso.Forexample,auniversityprofessormayhaveahighstatusbutnotbelongtoahighsocialclassorhavealotofpoweroverothers.1.Whatcanwelearnabout“themiddleclass”fromParagraph2?A.Peopleearning$50,000ayearbelongtothemiddleclass.B.NearlyhalfAmericansbelongtothemiddleclass.C.Peoplegenerallyconsiderbusdriversasthemiddleclass.D.Sociologistshaveacleardefinitionofthemiddleclass.2.Accordingtothetext,weknowthat.

A.powerandclassdonotalwayscorrespondwitheachotherB.statusreferstoaperson’seconomicpositioninsocietyC.peoplewithhighstatushavealotofcontroloverothersD.classislessimportantindecidingaperson’ssocialrank3.Whichofthefollowingshowsthestructureofthewholetext?(P:Paragraph)Passage3AGoodNight’sSleepSleepplaysavitalroleingoodhealthandwellbeingthroughoutyourlife.Whileyou’resleeping,yourbrainisformingnewpathwaystohelpyoulearnandrememberinformation.Althoughweallknowtheimportanceofgettingagoodnight’ssleep,notallofusknowthebestwayofgettingit.Asleepexpert,PhilAtherton,gavesometoptipsforgettingthemostoutofthenight,whichwillleaveyoureadyforactioninthemorning.AccordingtoPhilAtherton,noteatingalargemealbeforebedtimeisimportantforgettingagoodnight’ssleep.Thetimedifferencebetweeneatingandsleepingshouldbeatleastthreehours.Soyou’dbetteravoideatinganyfoodthreehoursbeforebed,asitwillloweryourbloodsugarduringsleepandhelpminimizedamagefromtoomuchsugarfloatingaround.It’salsoimportanttofindwaystoprepareyourbodyforsleep.Youcanfollowaroutineliketryingnottoexposeyourselftotoomuchartificiallightwithinonehourbeforebed,asyourbrainuseslighttohelpsetinternal“bodyclock”.Althoughitmightseemunnaturaltoscheduleyoursleep,thepurposeistosendasignaltoyourbodyandmindthatit’stimetosleep.Anotherwaytoprepareyourbodyforsleepistogetintoarelaxedstatebytakingabathorlisteningtosoftmusic.Bothofthemwillhelptotakethemindoffthedaytimepressures.Havingasuitablebed,especiallyasuitablemattress(床垫),isnecessaryforagoodnight’ssleep.Sleepisapersonalizedactivity,andwealladoptdifferentsleepingpositions.Findingthemattressthatsuitsyouwillreducebackpainsthatcanresultfromapoorsleepingposition.Thebedshouldbefourtosixincheslongerthanitstallestuser,allowingforspacetomovearound.Therecentresearchisprettyclearthatagoodnight’ssleepisamajorponentofgoodhealth.Sincethestartofthe21stcentury,studieshavelinkedalackofsleeptomanydiseases,suchasdiabetesandobesity.Takingactionnowwillleadtolongtermbenefitsforyouandthosearoundyou.1.Whatdoestheauthorintendtotellusinthepassage?A.Whentostartasoundsleep.B.Howtogetagoodnight’ssleep.C.Whattodowithsleepproblems.D.Whytoformagoodhabitofsleeping.2.Accordingtotheauthor,beforegoingtosleep,you’dbetter.

A.freeyourselffromtensionB.checkyourbloodsugarC.relieveyourpaininthebackD.recordyourbiologicalclock3.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”inParagraph2referto?A.Noteatingfood. B.Takingameal.C.Notsleepingwell. D.Havingagoodsleep.4.Whichofthefollowingshowstheorganizationofthepassage?CP:CentralPointP:PointSp:Subpoint(次要点)C:ConclusionPassage4Bynow,weareallawarethatsocialmediahashadatremendousinfluenceonourculture,businessandeventheworldatlarge.SocialmediawebsitesrevolutionizedthewaypeoplemunicateandsocializeontheWeb.However,asidefromseeingyourfriends’newbabyonFacebook,orreadingaboutJustinBieber’slatestconflictwiththelawonTwitter,whataresomeoftherealinfluences?Socialnetworksoffertheopportunityforpeopletoreconnectwiththeiroldfriendsandacquaintances,makenewfriends,shareideasandpictures,andmanyotheractivities.Userscankeeppacewiththelatestglobalandlocaldevelopments,andparticipateincampaignsandactivitiesoftheirchoice.ProfessionalsusesocialmediasiteslikeLinkedIntoenhancetheircareerandbusinessdevelopment.Studentscanworktogetherwiththeirpeerstoimprovetheiracademicandmunicationskills.Unfortunately,thereareafewdownsidestootosocialnetworking.Ifyouarenotcareful,immoralpeoplecantargetyouforcyberbullyinganddisturbanceonsocialsites.Schoolchildren,younggirls,andwomencanfallvictimtoonlineattackswhichcancreatetensionandsuffering.Ifyouareavictimofcyberbullying,donottakeitlyingdown,buttrytotakeappropriatelegalactionagainsttheattacker.Manypanieshaveblockedsocialnetworksasaddictedemployeescandistractthemselvesonsuchsites,insteadoffocusingonwork.Infact,studiesshowthatBritishpanieshavelostbillionsofdollarsperyearinproductivitybecauseofsocialmediaaddictionamongemployees.Also,whatyoucarelesslypostontheNetcanebacktotroubleyou.Revealing(泄露)personalinformationonsocialsitescanmakeusersvulnerable(易受……伤害的)tocrimeslikeidentitytheft,stalking,etc.ManypaniesperformabackgroundcheckontheWebbeforehiringanemployee.Ifapotentialemployeehaspostedsomethingembarrassingonsocialmedia,itcangreatlyaffecttheirchancesofgettingthejob.Thesameholdstrueforourrelationshipstoo,asourlovedonesandfriendsmaygettoknowifwepostsomethingundesirableonsocialnetworks.Socialmediahasitsadvantagesanddrawbacksaseachcoinhastwosides.Itisuptoeachusertousesocialsiteswiselytoenhancetheirprofessionalandsociallife,andexercisecautiontoensuretheydonotfallvictimtoonlinedangers.1.Paragraph2mainlyshowsthatsocialnetworks.

A.benefitusersinvariouswaysB.offerprofessionalsgoodchancesC.guideuserstomakerightchoicesD.helpstudentsfinishtheirhomework2.Facedwithproblemscausedbysocialmedia,somepanies.

A.takelegalactionagainsttheattackersB.avoidpostingembarrassinginformationC.refusetohirepotentialaddictedemployeesD.forbidtheuseofsocialnetworksduringworktime3.Themainpurposeofthispassageisto.

A.shareexperiencesinusingsocialmediaB.providesomeadviceonsocialproblemsC.raisepublicawarenessofsocialproblemsD.remindpeopletowiselyusesocialmedia4.Whichofthefollowingshowsthedevelopmentofideasinthispassage?I:IntroductionP:PointSp:Subpoint(次要点)C:ConclusionPassage5TheService(USPS)islosingbillionsofdollarsayear.Thegovernmentpanythatdelivers“smallmail”islosingouttoemailandothertypesofelectronicmunication.Firstclassmailamountfellfromahighpointof104millionpiecesin2000tojust64millionpiecesby2014.Congresspermitsthe600,000employeeUSPStoholdamonopoly(垄断)overfirstclassandstandardmail.Thepanypaysnofederal,stateorlocaltaxes,paysnovehiclefees,andisfreefrommanyregulationsonotherbusinesses.Despitetheseadvantages,theUSPShaslost$52billionsince2007,andwillcontinuelosingmoneywithoutmajorreforms.TheproblemisthatCongressispreventingtheUSPSfromreducingcostsasitssalesdecline,andisblockingeffortstoendSaturdayserviceandcloseunneededpostofficelocations.TheUSPSalsohasacostlyuniondominatedworkforcethatslowstheintroductionofnewideasormethodsdown.TheUSPSworkersearnsignificantlyhigherpaymentthanparableprivatesectorworkers.TheansweristoprivatizetheUSPSandopenpostalmarketstopetition.WiththeriseoftheInternet,theargumentthatmailisanaturalmonopolythatneedsgovernmentprotectionisweakerthanever.Othercountriesfacingdecliningletteramountshavemadereforms.GermanyandtheNetherlandsprivatizedtheirnationalpostalpaniesoveradecadeago,andotherEuropeancountrieshavefollowedsuit.BritainfloatedsharesoftheRoyalMailonitsstockexchangein2013.Somecountries,suchasSwedenandNewZealand,havenotprivatizedtheirnationalpostalpanies,buttheyhaveopenedthemuptopetition.Thesereformshavedrivenefficiencyimprovementsinallofthesecountries.Additionalnumberofworkershavebeenreduced,productivityhasrisenandconsumershavebenefited.Also,notethatcostcuttingmeasures—suchasclosingsomepostoffices—aregoodforboththeeconomyandtheenvironment.Privatizationandpetitionalsoencouragenewchanges.WhentheUSPSmonopolyover“extremelyurgent”mailwasstoppedin1979,wesawanexplosioninefficientovernightprivatedeliverybyfirmssuchasFedEx.Thegovernmentneedstowakeuptochangetechnology,studypostalreformsabroadandletbusinessmenreinventouroutofdatepostalsystem.1.WhatdoweknowabouttheUSPS?A.ItsgreatpetitoristhedeliveryfirmFedEx.B.Itisanoldpublicserviceopentopetition.C.Itsemployeesdon’tpayfederal,stateorlocaltaxes.D.Ithaspletecontroloffirstclassandstandardmail.2.TheauthormentionssomeothercountriesinParagraph4to.

A.explaintheproceduresofreformtotheUSPSB.showtheadvantagesofprivatepostalservicesC.setsomeexamplesforthegovernmenttolearnfromD.provethesituationisverymonaroundtheworld3.TheauthorprobablyagreesthattheUSPS.

A.needsgovernment’sprotectionaseverB.canworktogetherwithotherbusinessesC.mustbereplacedbyinternationalpaniesD.shouldbesoldoutandbeeaprivateservice4.Whichofthefollowingshowsthedevelopmentofideasinthispassage?I:IntroductionCP:CentralPointP:PointSp:Subpoint(次要点)C:Conclusion能力提升题组Passage1(2018北京海淀第一学期期末,D)Istechnologymovingtoofast?Differingfundamentallyfromthepriortechnologiessuchastelephones,televisionsandautomobiles,whicharebetterknownaslockin,thenewtechnologies—puters,biotechnologyandnanotechnology(纳米技术)—areselfaccelerating.Thismeansthattheproductsoftheirownprocessesenablethemtodevelopevenmorerapidly.Sincetheydrivealmostwholesectorsofsociety,creatingunstable,unpredictableandunreliableconditions,thereisagrowingpublicconcernthatperhapswhatcivilizationneedsisaNOTSOFASTbutton.Supportersoftechnologicaldeterminismmakeastrongcaseforlettingselfacceleratingtechnologiesfollowtheirownlifecycle.Rapiddevelopmentinputertechnology,theypointout,hasseparatedroboticsandtheInternet—tothegreatbenefitofindustryandhumanmunications.Besides,itisn’tsoeasyforafreesocietytoputthebrakesontechnology.Evenifonecountrydecidedtoabandonthenexttechnologyrevolution,anothercountrywouldgladlytakeitup.However,therearefortingsituationsinwhichtechnologymaybrakeitself.Intheagingpopulationofthedevelopedworld,manypeoplearealreadytiredoftryingtokeepupwiththelatestcoolnewtechnology.Youthdriventechnologyaccelerationcouldbeinterpretedassimpleyouthfulstupidity—shortsightedandshortlived.Themarketforchangecoulddryup,andlockinmightagainbeethenorm.Stressandgreattirednessmakepowerfuldecelerators.Changethatistoorapidcanbedeeplydivisive.Ifonlyelites(精英)cankeepup,therestofuswillgrowincreasinglypuzzledabouthowtheworldworks.Wecanunderstandnaturalbiology,plexasitis,becauseitholdsstill.Buthowwillweeverbeabletounderstandquantumputing(量子计算)ornanotechnologyifitsplexityacceleratingisawayfromus?Constanttechnologicalrevolutionmakesplanningdifficult,andasocietythatstopsplanningforthefutureislikelytobeeafragilesociety.Itcouldexperienceviolenteconomicunrest.Itcouldslipintowarsfoughtwithcruelnewweapons.Itswidespreadnewtechnologiescouldfailinmassiveorhorribleways.Alltheseconstant,worryingsmallfailurescouldweakenthewholesocialprogress.Withsomanypowerfulforcesinplay,technologycouldhyperacceleratetothestarswithastonishingrapidity,oritcouldstoppletely.Myexpectationisthatitwilldoboth,withvarioustechnologiesproceedingatvariousrates.Thenewtechnologiesmaybeselfaccelerating,buttheyarenotselfdetermining.Theyaretheresultofeverrenegotiatedagreementswithsociety.Becausetheyaresopowerful,theirpathsmayundergowildswings,butIthinkthetrendwillbetowardthedynamicmiddle:muchslowerthantheoptimistsexpect,muchfasterthanthepessimiststhinkhumanitycanbearit.1.Supportersoftechnologyselfaccelerationholdtheviewthat.

A.thesocietyisfreetomakethetechnologygomoreslowlyB.thehighrateofputertechnologyisofgreatbenefittohumansC.roboticshasdevelopedlessrapidlythanputertechnologyD.selfacceleratingtechnologiespromoteinternationalcooperation2.Accordingtothepassage,whatmayslowdowntheacceleratingtechnology?A.Acarefullyplannedsociety.B.Thesimpleyouthfulstupidity.C.People’sstressandexhaustion.D.Therapidchangeofthemarket.3.What’stheauthor’spurposeinwritingthepassage?A.Toguidethenewtechnologiesforasafeacceleration.B.Toconfirmthepublicconcernaboutnewtechnologies.C.Toexplainthethreatsintechnologicalselfacceleration.D.Torelievethepublic’sfearfortechnologyacceleration.4.Whichofthefollowingshowsthedevelopmentofideasinthispassage?CP:CentralPoint P:PointSp:Subpoint(次要点) C:ConclusionPassage2(2018北京四中期中,D)TheLossofInnocenceInnocenceissuchapreciousgift.It’sexplainedasfreedomfromguiltorwrongdoing.Justimagineneverhavingtoworryaboutanythingandhavingaguiltfreemind.Somepeoplewishtosavethiskindofinnocencefrombeinglostfromchildhoodtoadulthood.Whatwouldtheworldbelikeifinnocencewereneverlost?Onewayitwouldbenefithumanityisthelackofhatred(仇恨)amongtheworld.Duringyouth,theremaybeanoccasionalargument,evenalittlephysicalfight,butnothinglikefiringahandgunatafellowhumanbeing.Andchildrenareblindtowardstheracialdifferencesofothers.Akidwillhangoutwithanyotherkid.Itisthelackofinnocenceandtheignorancewelearnfromadultsthatinfluencechildrenotherwise.Anotherbenefitistheconstantdesireforfunandadventure.Withverylittleifanytimeatallforfun,theadventurousmindislostintimewiththeresponsibilitiesplaceduponadults.Ifinnocencewerekeptalive,theseambitionswouldneverdepartfromourlives.However,otherpeopleactuallyhatetheideaofinnocencelastingforever.Theyfeelthatthelackoforganizationandmentalpowerofthosewithinnocencewouldcauseextremelydestructiveconsequencestosocietyingeneral.Alargenumberofindividualswouldneverhavetheurgetolearn,work,andactuponthenecessaryneedsforhumanitytosurvive.Withoutapropereducationwhichisusuallyprovidedbythosewhonolongerliveinaworldofinnocence,peoplewouldnothavethedesiretosucceed,getagoodjobinlife,orprovideinefortheirfamilies,whichwouldhurtthelivesofchildren.Thelackofagoodeducationandcareerwouldalsoharmtheeconomy.Aslongasinnocenceiskeptalive,noonewouldbeterriblyangeredatthelackofeffortpeopleputoutintheworkplace,resultinginastrongdeclineinproductionandqualityofneededgoods.Maybeitiswronginwantingtosaveinnocence.Itsureisanicethought,though.Perhapsinnocenceismeanttobelost.ItisGod’swilltomakethingsthewaytheyare,andthereisagoodpurposeforeverything.Allthatremainstobesaidaboutinnocenceistoenjoyitwhileitlasts.1.Theauthorbelievesthatthelossofinnocenceinadulthoodshouldbe.

A.avoided B.ignoredC.accepted D.encouraged2.Lifelonginnocencewouldbebeneficialtosocietyinthat.

A.propereducationwouldbeprovidedB.therewouldbenoracialdiscriminationC.morehappyfamilieswouldbeguaranteedD.peoplewouldrealizetheirchildhooddreams3.Accordingtotheauthor,peoplewithinnocencecanhurttheeconomywiththeirlackof.

A.motivationalwillB.mentalabilityC.adventurousambitionsD.neededgoods4.Whichofthefollowingshowsthestructureofthepassage?CP:CentralPointP:PointSp:Subpoint(次要点)C:ConclusionPassage3(2017北京西城一模,C)Thefightisontogetridofairpollutioninourcities.Whilethebestsolutioninthelongtermwouldbetobanfossilfueledcars,whichwon’thelpthemillionswhoaredyinginthemeantime,andsosomehightechsolutionsarenowonthecards.InMarch2016,tenLondonpigeonsbecamefamous.ThesepigeonsweresetfreefromPrimroseHillinnorthLondon,wearingbackpacksmonitoringairpollution.Onceintheair,thebackpackssentliveairqualityupdatestothesmartphonesoftheLondonersbelow.Thepigeonsandtheirbackpackswerejustthelatestinaseriesofincreasinglydesperateattemptstomonitorandcontrolairpollution.London’sairpollutionproblemhasbeengettingworseforyears,anditoftenrisestomorethanthreetimestheEuropeanUnion’slegallimit.AnotherpromisingapproachcanbefoundinBeijing,afterChinadeclareda“waragainstpollution”in2014.Asevenmetrehigh“SmogFreeTower”,designedbyaDutchscientist,DaanRoosegaarde,openedinBeijing’s751D·ParkinSeptember2016.Itisahuge,outdoorairpurifier.Airborneparticles(颗粒)aresuckedintothetowerwheretheyreceiveapositivecharge.Theparticlesarethencaughtbyanegativelychargeddustremovalplateandcleanairisblownoutoftheotherend.“Changingsmogparticlesdoesnottakemuchcurrent,”Roosegaardesaid.AsforwhattodowiththecollectedPMwaste,hehascurrentlysetupabusinessmakingjewelleryoutofthewaste.PrinceCharlesownsasetof“smogfree”cufflinks(袖扣).Ifthewasteiscollectedonabigscale,Roosegaardebelievesitcouldevenbeusedasabuildingmaterial.MexicoCityhasanalternativesolution.Lookingtonaturetomaximizethesurfaceareaofabuilding,AllisonDring,aBerlinbasedarchitect,managedtocatchlightandwindfromallsides.Sheisnowmakingabuildingmaterialbyburningagriculturalcropbyproductsintheabsenceofoxygen.“Itmeansthatyouareactuallytakingcarbon(碳)outofthesky,transformingitintoamaterial,andthenusingittobuild,”saysDring.Thefightagainstoutdoorairpollutionisreallyjuststarting.Evenifnoneoftheideastakeoff,atleastPrinceCharles’cufflinks,thespecialbuildingsurfaceandpigeonswearingbackpackswillhavebroughttheissuemoretothepublic’sattention.1.ThetenpigeonsinLondonwereusedto.

A.monitorairpollutionB.warnLondonersC.updateweatherforecastD.promotebackpacks2.WhatcanwelearnabouttheSmogFreeTower?A.Itspowerconsumptionishigh.B.PMwastefromitcanbereused.C.Itisbuiltofagriculturalbyproducts.D.Itcanattractlightandwindfromallsides.3.What’sthebesttitleforthepassage?A.Whencanhumansgetridofsmog?B.Whyistechnologyusedtofightsmog?C.Howaretheworld’scitiesfightingsmog?D.Whatmakessmogaworldwideproblem?4.Whichofthefollowingshowsthestructureofthepassage?I:IntroductionP:PointSp:Subpoint(次要点)C:ConclusionPassage4(2017北京海淀一模,D)IntegrityIntegrityisthequalityofbeinghonestandstrongaboutwhatyoubelievetoberight.Theconceptofintegrityhasplayedakeyroleinmoralphilosophythroughouthistoryandispromotedinallsocietiesbecauseofitsimportancetosocialrelations.Individualintegrityisvitaltosociety,onethatenablespeopletomakeuseoftheircapacityforcriticalreflection,doesnotforcepeopletotakeupparticularrolesanddoesnotencourageindividualstobetrayeachother.Besides,societiescanbefavorabletothedevelopmentofindividualintegrity.Individualintegritycanliftupthespiritsoftheentiresociety.Itcanshapethelivesofpeoplelivinginaparticularsociety,thelivesofallfellowpeopleand,initsbroadestsense,eventhedestiny(命运)ofanation.Bycontrast,ifthoselivinginthesocietyarecorrupt,itcouldhavebadeffects,jeopardizingthehealthymoralityofthesociety.Ontheotherhand,asocietycanbefavorabletothedevelopmentofindividualintegrity.Societyexpectsandrequiresintegrity.Asocietyconsistingofpeopleofintegrity,andpeoplewhoneverpromiseontheirprinciples,couldhaveapositivemarkonthepersonaldevelopmentofitsmembers.Beingapartofsuchamorallylivelymunitycouldserveasabasisforabsorbingtraitsofgoodcharacter.Thiscouldbeofadistinctadvantagetoanyindividualsinthesociety.However,somesocialstructuresareofthewrongsortforsomeindividualstopursue(追求)integrity.Ifthatisthecase,wehavetoaskquestionsaboutthemoralnatureofsocietyfirstbeforeraisingquestionsaboutindividualintegrity.Questionsaboutintegritymayturnouttobeaboutwhatkindofsocietyitis,ratherthanabouttherelationshipbetweenindividualinterestsandcharacteristicsofasociety.Thepursuitofadequateindividualintegrityoftendepends,notsomuchonunderstandingwhooneisandwhatonebelievesandismittedto,butratherunderstandingwhatone’ssocietyisandimaginingwhatitcouldbe.Undernocircumstancescanweunderestimatetheimportanceofhumanintegrityinasociety.People,whoarehonest,trustworthy,passionateandcaring,arethefactorsdecisiveinthegrowthofindividualsaswellasthedevelopmentofasociety.1.Individualintegrityhasbeenvaluedinsocietybecause.

A.ithelpsdevelopphilosophyB.itisthebasisofcriticalthinkingC.itisimportanttosocialrelationsD.itensurespeople’sparticularroles2.Theunderlinedword“jeopardizing”inParagraph2probablymeans“”.

A.destroying B.strengtheningC.assessing D.influencing3.Thewriterbelievesthat.

A.socialstructuresguidetheformationofindividualintegrityB.thenatureofsocietyisdecidedbyeconomicdevelopmentC.thepursuitofindividualintegritychangeswithtimeD.individualintegritydependsonwhatonebelieves4.Whichofthefollowingshowsthedevelopmentofideasinthispassage?CP:CentralPointP:PointSp:Subpoint(次要点)C:ConclusionPassage5(2017北京朝阳一模,D)RolePlayinginChildDevelopmentPlayingisakeyponentinthelearningprocessforvirtuallyallofthechildren.Therearevariouswaysinwhichchildrenplay,butoneofthemostimportantisroleplaying.Thisinvolvesachildengaginginanactivityduringwhichheorshepretendstobeanotherperson