北京市延庆区2023-2024学年高一下学期期中考试英语试题（含答案）

延庆区2023—2024学年第二学期期中试卷高一英语2024.04本试卷共11页，二大部分，56道小题，满分100分。考试时长90分钟。试题答案一律填涂或书写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，请将答题卡交回。第一卷（共47分）Ⅰ．完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，共15分）阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。APersonWhoHasInfluencedMyLifeThereisalwaysatimeinone’slifewhenaherocomesalong.Someonewhohasinspiredyoucanreallyhelpyoulearnwhatlifeisabout.Irememberitasifitwasyesterday.Iwasfifteenyearsoldthatyear.Itwasaroundeighto’clockoneeveningwhenmymother1aphonecallfromherbrother-in-law,whotoldusmyauntwasinhospitalandthatthedoctor2themshewouldneedanoperationimmediately.Myfamilybecamevery3aboutmyaunt’ssituation.Whilemyauntwasinthehospitalwithspecial4,mycousinMark,whoismentallydisabled,spenttimewithmyfamily.Markwasseventeenatthetime,andhadbeenbornwith5mentaldisorders,whichcreatedawiderangeofsocialandphysicalproblemsforhimthroughouteverydaylife.Heneverhadanytruefriendbecausenoonecouldrelatetohim.Imust6thatatthebeginningIwasfilledwithuncertaintyastohowmuchofaburdenmycousinwouldbringonmyfamily.Nowlookingbackitsaddensmetoseethe7Ionceshowed.OverthetwoweekswhenMarklivedwithmyfamily,Iprobably8moreaboutlifeanditsmeanings.Thinkingback,Itook9indailylifeforgranted,believingitwouldalwaysbethere.Inevereventhoughtaboutbeingabletodothingslikewalking,brushingmyteeth,orgoingtothebathroomonmyown.NowIseehow10Iamtobeabletodothesethingsindependently.Markwasseventeen,butlearnedonanine-year-oldlevel.Althoughhislearningabilitywasslowerthanmost,hecould11learn.Heexplored12todomostofthethingseveryoneelsedid.13hedidprettywellandsucceededinalmosteverythinghetriedtodo.He14hisillnessandshowedanambitiontolovelife.Tohim,havingasuccessfullifemeansachievinggoalsonhisowntermsandathisown15.Markismyhero,forhisdisabilityhasforeverformedmyviewpointonlife.1．A．made B．missed C．received D．used2．A．promised B．informed C．showed D．begged3．A．worried B．happy C．indifferent D．careless4．A．care B．action C．purpose D．interest5．A．mild B．severe C．temporary D．moderate6．A．believe B．regret C．admit D．decide7．A．weakness B．ignorance C．relief D．mercy8．A．forgot B．heard C．ignored D．understood9．A．anything B．something C．nothing D．everything10．A．painfully B．brave C．lucky D．successful11．A．seldom B．still C．hardly D．almost12．A．possibilities B．functions C．achievements D．difficulties13．A．Naturally B．Actually C．Obviously D．Accidentally14．A．dependedon B．foughtagainst C．sufferedfrom D．focusedon15．A．risk B．cost C．pace D．trialⅡ．阅读理解（共16小题，每小题2分，共32分）第一节：阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AImmersiveVanGoghFromthecreatorsoftheblockbustershowinParisseenbyovertwomillionvisitorsandstillwowingcrowdsinToronto,thewestcoastpremiere（首场）oftheImmersiveVanGoghExhibitwillbringtheartofVincenttolifeinLosAngeles.Immersiveartisnotjustatechnicalwaytorepresentvideoandaudioinhugespaces.Thewordimmersiveindicatesadeepcommitmentofintentionswhichconnectimagesandsoundsinawaythattheaudienceabletoexperienceadifferentwayoftheart.Truetoitsname,thisexhibitiontransformstheiconic（标志性的）paintingsofVincentVanGoghintomoving,wall-fillingprojections.“ImmersiveVanGogh”promiseshalf-a-millioncubicfeetofprojectionsthatpullfromsomeofthepost-impressionist’smostrecognizablepieces,includingTheBedroom,Sunflowersand,yes,TheStarryNight.Youwillexperienceartlikeneverbefore—loseyourselfinentrancing,movingimagesthathighlightbrushstrokes,detail,andcolor—trulyilluminating（照亮）themindofthegenius.LOCATIONTheImmersiveVanGoghExhibitislocatedatasecretplacesituatedintheheartofLosAngeles.Tobeannouncedbeforetheexhibitopens,existingticketholderswillreceiveanemailwiththeplacenameandlocationonceitismadepublic.TICKETPRICESVIPTICKETS—$99.99●Priorityaccess●VanGoghcarpet（agiftforyou）●LimitededitionposterPREMIUMTICKETS—$59.99●VanGoghcarpet（rental）●LimitededitionposterBASICTICKETS—$54.99●AdmissiononlyCHILDTICKETS—$29.99●Ages6-16（children5andunderdonotrequireaticket）●Admissiononly●ChildticketsarenotsubjecttochangeofdatefeesTicketsareavailableonlineat.GIFTSHOPStopbyourExhibitGiftShoptotakethemagicofVanGoghhomewithyou!Fromclothingandjewellerytohomedecor,children’sbooks,andsomuchmore,youwillfinduniqueandthoughtfulsouvenirsattheImmersiveVanGoghExhibit.Alsobesuretocheckoutatouronlinestore!ExperiencetheorganiclandscapesofVanGogh’simagination,andjourneythroughhisbrillianceandmadnessinacompletelynewandunforgettableway.16．Accordingtothepassage,theImmersiveVanGoghExhibit______.A．presentsVanGogh’sartinamodernwayB．beginsajourneytoVanGogh’shometownC．displaysVanGogh’spaintingsonmovingwallsD．designsprojectsonVanGogh’slearningexperience17．Fromwherecanpeoplefindinformationabouttheexactlocationoftheexhibit?A．Thegiftshop. B．Awebsite. C．Theticketoffice. D．Anemail.18．Howmuchshouldacouplewitha5-year-oldchildwhowouldliketoownaVanGoghcarpetatleastpayforthevisit?A．$109.98. B．$154.98. C．$184.97. D．$114.98.19．Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?A．ToattractaudiencestovisittheImmersiveVanGoghExhibit.B．TointroducethehistoricalsignificanceofVincentVanGogh’sart.C．Topromotethesaleofuniqueandthoughtfulsouvenirstovisit.D．Toprovideaplatformforartiststoexperimentwithnewtechnologies.BSince1963,manyfemalespaceexplorershavefollowedRussianastronautValentinaTereshkova.Let’slookatthemissions（任务）offourimportantfemaleastronautstofindoutwhatastronautsdoinspace.In1983,SallyRidebecamethefirstAmericanwomaninspace.Herteamcarriedoutscientificexperimentsinspaceandputtwocommunicationssatellitesinspace.SatellitesmakeitpossibleforustocommunicateinstantlywitheachotheracrosstheworldthroughTV,radioandtelephones.In1984,KathrynSullivanbecamethefirstAmericanwomantowalkinspace.Duringhermission,shediscoveredimportantinformationaboutthesun’senergyandhowitaffectstheclimateinveryhotandverycoldplacesonEarth.ShealsotookphotographsofEarthandmeasuredairpollution.In1992,MaeJemisonbecamethefirstAfrican-Americanwomaninspace.Duringhermission,shedidscientificexperimentsusingtheweightlessatmosphere.Inspace,thereisnogravity,soeverythingfloats!Dr.Jemison’sexperimentsgaveimportantinformationaboutthehumanbodytoproducebettermedicinesandhealthcare.In2012,LiuYangbecamethefirstChinesewomaninspace.Shedidexperimentsinspacemedicine,whichlookathowastronautscansurviveandstayhealthyinspace.Theconditionsinspaceareveryhardonthebodyandspacemedicinehelpsastronautsworksafely.20．Whocollectedimportantinformationaboutairpollution?A．ValentinaTereshkova. B．SallyRide.C．KathrynSullivan. D．MaeJemison.21．WhatdidDr.Jemison’sexperimentsfocuson?A．Humanbody. B．Spacesatellites.C．ClimateonEarth. D．Energyfromthesun.22．LiuYang’smissionaimedat______.A．providinginformationaboutenvironment B．protectingastronauts’healthinspaceC．improvingcommunicationonEarth D．testingtheweightlessatmosphere23．Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．GreatWalkinginSpace B．ConditionsinSpaceC．HealthcareinSpace D．WomeninSpaceCMusicisapowerfulthing.Itawakensfeelingsandhasthepowertobringpeopletogether.Buttoday,artistsarenotknownfortheirmusic,butforhowflashytheirclothingisandhowmanytimestheirwealthyrelativescangetthemoutofjail（监狱）.Andthus,theirmusicislost.Popandrapmusichasdevelopedintoashallow,image-addictedindustrythatlinesupwithwhatthepublicwantstohearandsee,removingthefocusontheactualmusic.Mainstreammusicisnolongercomposedofemotion,butinstead,themesofmoneyandfame.Photosandrumorsflywhilethemusicisignored.Notallmusicalgroupsorindividualartistsbeginlikethis.Manyoftheseartistsareoriginalandtalented,butturntothemoneyside.Oftentheirsongsarewrittenbyexpertswhoknowwhatisappealingtoacertainagegroup,andthemusicians’facescanbeseenoncountlessmagazinecovers.Soontheirsupposedlynewandimprovedsongscanbeheardblastingoutofcarwindows.Butthesesongsaretotallyempty,lackingcreativityandtheoriginalthirstoftheartisttomakeanimpactorconvey（传递）amessage.MTVisnothelping.Itplaysonlywhatthepublicwantstohear.Andunfortunately,themajorityseemsinterestedineithersicklysweet,genericpoporstereotypical（刻板的）,bleeped-outrap.Kidsandteenseverywhereareswimminginthesesongs,whichareoftendegradingtowomenandminorities,andinappropriate.Almostallthegirlsinmydormareaddictedtothesamesongs.Thiswasthecasethepreviousyear,andtheyearbeforethat.WheneverItrytoplaymusicIenjoy,orintroducethemtosomedecentsongs,theysaythateveryoneexceptmelikestheirmusic.Whydomostteenagersonlylistentopopandrapmusicwhensomanyothertypesexist?Maybeit’sbecauseeverywherewelook,wearebombardedwith（被……轰炸）thesamemusic:ontheradio,onTV,onthecomputer.Atschool,popandraparediscussedallthetime.Perhapstheyhaveneverlistenedtoanythingelse.Ormaybepeerpressureispartofit.Thereisnosolutiontothe“popproblem”.It’scalledpopularforareason—manypeopleenjoyit.There’snoeasywaytochangetheirviews.Mysuggestionisnottobuymusiclikethiswhenyoucanexploresomethingnew.Expandyourhorizons.Digupyourparents’oldrecordsandCDs.Youneverknowwhatyoumightfind.24．Theauthorprobablyprefers______.A．newpopsongsmeantforgirlsB．originalsongswithdeepmeaningC．catchysongsproducedbypopularsingersD．never-heard-beforesongsjustrecentlydiscovered25．Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A．Manyartiststradecreativityforwealthandfame.B．Thepublicisresponsiblefortheexistenceofmusic.C．MTVpromotesthesongsfavoredbywomenandminorities.D．Musicianssingingaboutmoneyisanineffectivewaytoattractfans.26．Whatismostprobablytheauthor’ssuggestionforyoungpeople?A．Trytorespectyourpeers’musictastes. B．Dealwiththe“popproblem”patiently.C．Exposeyourselftovariousmusicstyles. D．Treasurethemusicfrompreviousgenerations.27．Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthearticle?A．TheInfluenceofPopandRapMusiconTeenagersB．TheDeclineofMusicalDiversityinYouthCultureC．TheImpactofMainstreamMusicTrendsonSocietyD．TheImportanceofExploringDiverseMusicGenresDThebodygivesoffmanygases.Althoughsomesmellsmaysignalaneedtobatheorthatyouateacertainmeal,othergasesmightpointtoseriousdisease.Now,researchershavecomeupwithasystemthatusesearmuffstocatchthedisease-signalinggases.Doctorscouldgettheinformationaspatientswearasetofearmuffs.Resultscouldbereadywithinminutes.“Theearisagoodplacetomonitor,”explainsJohnson,abiomedicalengineer.Theear’sskinisfairlythin,henotes.Sogasesdon’thavetotravelfartogetoutofthebloodandescapethroughskinpores（毛孔）.Tocollectthegases,Johnsonandhisteamselectedearmuffsthatmakeatightseal（密封）withthehead.Thesearethetypepeopleoftenweartoprotecttheearsfromloudnoise.Histeammadetwoholesinthemuffcoveringoneear.Atubeslowlypumpedairinonehole.Anothertubepulledairoutofthesecondholeandsentittoasensor.Intheirtests,theteamfoundthattheycouldmeasurechangesintheamountofalcoholcomingfromtheskinoftheear.ItcouldworkmuchlikeaBreathalyzerthatpoliceusetotestpeoplefordrivingdrunk.Theteaminvitedthreemen.Eachhadtoavoiddrinkingalcoholforatleastthreedaysbeforetakingpart.Onceinthelab,thesemenworetheearmuffsandsatfor10minutesasthesystemrecordednormalgaslevelsleavingtheirears.Afterward,themendrankabigamountofalcohol.About7minuteslater,theearmuffsystemtestedoutariseinalcoholleavingtheskin.After50minutes,alcohollevelsreachedthepeakandcontinuedfallinguntilthetestwasover.Theteamthenmeasuredothergasesbychangingoutthesensor.Withtherightsensor,theirearmuffsystemcouldtestoutdisease.Later,theyreplacedtheearmuffswithaone-earedversiontomakeitabitmorecomfortable.Johnsonimaginesanotherpossiblebenefit.Theearmuffsystemcouldhelpdoctorstellwhetherachild’searinfections（感染）havebeencausedbybacteriaoravirus.How?Eachtypeofinfectionexudesdifferentgases.That,inturn,couldguidehowdoctorscurethedisease.28．Whatmakestheearagoodplacetomonitor?A．Itssmallsize. B．Itsthinskin. C．Itscleansurface. D．Itsbloodflow.29．WhatdidJohnsonandhisteamfindintheirtests?A．Sensorsshouldbeexaminedintime. B．Drunk-drivingtestswereineffective.C．Seriousdiseasesweredifficulttoidentify. D．Theirsystemcouldbeusedtotelldiseases.30．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“exudes”inParagraph6mostprobablymean?A．Collects. B．Givesoff. C．Cutsoff. D．Uses.31．Inwhichsectionofamagazineisthispassagemostlikelytoappear?A．Politics. B．Business. C．Science. D．Entertainment.第二卷（共53分）第一节：（共4小题，每小题2分，共8分）阅读下面短文和问题，根据短文内容和每小题后的具体要求，在答题卡相应题号后的横线上写下相关信息，完成对该问题的回答。答语要意思清楚，结构正确，书写工整。Mostpeopleassumethatthehumanbrainisseton“automatic”—thatmeansitlearnsallbyitself.Butthisisn’talwaystrue.Weneedtotrainourselvestobebetterlearners—toactivelytakepartinthelearningprocessandtoreflectonwhatwehavelearnt.Thesekindsoflearningbehavioursarecalled“activelearning”.Isuggestdoingfivethingstotakeanactiveroleinyourlearning.1．ListentotheoutervoiceTherearetwokindsofvoices:theinnervoiceandtheoutervoice.Yourinnervoiceexpressesyourpersonalopinions,whiletheoutervoicetellsyouaboutopinionsfromwhatyouhearorread.Althoughyourinnervoicecanbeuseful,itcanalsogetinthewayoflearning.Ifyoukeeppayingtoomuchattentiontoit,youriskmissingimportantinformation.Instead,activelearnersareopen-mindedandfocusonwhatthespeaker/writerissaying,notonwhattheirbrainissayinginthebackground.Inthisway,theyareinabetterpositiontomakedecisions.2．ArguewithyourinnervoiceIfyoufindyourinnervoicedifficulttocontrol,youcanarguewithitasmostactivelearnersdo.Whenyourinnervoicetellsyouaspeaker/writeriswrong,thinkaboutwhythespeaker/writermayberight.Beflexibleinyouropinionsandyoumightendupagreeingwiththespeaker/writerafterall.Ifnot,atleastyouhave“listenedto”anotherpointofview.3．AskquestionsAskingquestionsistheeasiestwaytopromoteactivelearning.Whenyougetinformationfromsomeone,frombooksortheInternet,asktwo,three,evenfivequestionsaboutthetopic.Theanswerswillleadyoutofurtherlearning,andtheveryactofworkingoutquestionswillhelpyoutoachieveahigherlevelofunderstandingaboutthetopic.Inshort:Donotstopbeingcurious4．GettothetruthActivelearnersdonotaccepteverythingtheylearn.Theyattempttofindthetruthattheheartofeachidea.Evenwhenanideasoundsentirelyunlikely,theremaybeanaspectofitthatisbasedontruth.Soifsomeonesaysthatdinosaursstillexisttoday,thinkaboutwhytheybelievethis.Wheredoestheideacomefrom?Dotheyhaveenoughdatatosupporttheirviews?Ifyoutrytofindoutthesourceofanidea,nomatterhowcrazyitseems,youwillincreaseyourchanceoflearningsomething.5．FocusonthemessageManypeoplemissoutonlearningopportunitiesbecausetheylettheirfeelingsgetintheway.Theyrefusetolearnorignorewhatissaidbecauseofwhothespeaker/writeris.Itistruethatwecannothelpdislikingsomepeople—thisishumannature,afterall.Butdonotforgetyoucanstilllearnfromthem.Activelearnersdonotjudgepeoplebasedonfirstimpressionsorpersonalfeeling.Instead,theyseparatethemessagefromthemessenger.Thisgoestheotherwayaswell—donotjustassumethatsomepeoplearealwaysrightbecauseofwhotheyareorjustbecausetheyareyourfriends.32．Whatis“activelearning”?（不多于16个单词）___________________________________________________________________________________________33．Whatdoes“outervoice”do?（不多于13个单词）___________________________________________________________________________________________34．Whatistheeasiestwaytopromoteactivelearning?（不多于3个单词）___________________________________________________________________________________________35．Whydomanypeoplemissoutonlearningopportunities?（不多于9个单词）___________________________________________________________________________________________第二节：用方框中所给单词完成短文（共10小题；每小题1分，共10分）conducted,test,despite,chosen,discovered,gained,influential,promising,used,experimentsTuYouyouisthefirstChinesefemalescientistwhowasawardedaNobelPrize.Shestudiedmedicineand36adeepknowledgeabouttraditionalpractices,whichenabledhertobe37toestablishateamtofindacureformalariain1969.WiththeideathatChineseherbsmightholdthesecret,TuYouyouandherteamstudiedsomerelatedliteratureand38alotofresearcheswithlimitedresources.They39modernresearchmethodstostudytheseChineseherbsonebyone.Afterhundredsoffailed40,theyeventuallycameacrossa41chemical.TuYouyoubravelyvolunteeredtobethefirsthumansubjectinthe42onhumans.Thechemicalthey43,artemisinin,hasnowbecometheworld’smosteffectivedrugforfightingmalaria.Asoneofthemost44figuresofscienceinthe20thCentury,sheisnotinterestedinfameandshecontinuestodoresearchtoday45herage.Whatshedidnotonlysavedmillionsoflives,butalsobridgedtheEasternandWesternworlds.第三节：语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写一个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。AWuYurenisaretiredphysics46（teach）fromTongjiUniversityinShanghai.Since2020,shehasbeencreatingshortvideosofphysicsexperiments.Withover4．5millionfollowersonDouyin,shehasearnedthenickname（绰号）“ScienceGrandma”.47makeshersopopularishersimpleandinterestingwayofteaching.WutoldPeople’sDaily,“Manystudentsregardphysics48ahighlydifficultsubject.Bymyexperiments,Iwanttoshowthatphysicsknowledgecanbefoundeverywherein49（we）dailylivesandthateverybodycanunderstandit!”BJeremyHampdenpreparedthespeechcarefullyandwenttotheweddingwithhisdaughter,Jenny.Hehadincludedalargenumberoffunnystoriesinthespeechand,ofcourse,itwasagreatsuccess.Assoonashe50（finish）,Jennytoldhimshewantedtogohome.Onthewayhome,heaskedJenny51shehadenjoyedthespeech.Tohissurprise,shesaidshehadn’tbecauseshedidnotliketoseesomanypeople52（laugh）athim!CMostgardenerswillprobablysaygardeningisgoodforyou.Accordingtoastudy,peoplewhogardenhavea53（healthy）diet,getmoreexercise,andfeellessstress.Researchersstudiedthebenefitsofgardeninginsharedcommunitygardens54peopleworktogether.Theysuggestgardeningmayreducestressbecauseit55（expose）peopletonature,whilecommunitygardensalsoprovidechancesforsocialinteraction.Therefore,theyhopetheresultswillencouragedoctorsandgovernmentleaderstoregardcommunitygardensasavitalpartofthepublichealthsystem.第四节：书面表达（共1小题，20分）根据题目所提出的具体要求，在答题卡上写出一篇连贯完整的短文。词数不少于60。假如你是李华，得知来自英国的交换生Jack对京剧感兴趣。请参考下面提供的信息，写邮件向他介绍你校京剧社团的活动，并邀请他参加。邮件的开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数。●invite