2023北京东城区高二下学期期末英语试题及答案

2023北京东城高二（下）期末英语2023.7本试卷共页，共分。考试时长90分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分知识运用共三节，分)第一节(共小题；每小题1.5分，共15分)阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。JeremyLocke,ownsaroofingandconstructionhadalwaysbeenwantingJeanettehome.Wheneverhedrovepastthehome,hethatanothergroupofrepairmenhadtakenonthejob.Butasweeksworeon,theroofcontinuedworsenwithoutanyof“IhaditmindthatifnoonestepsuphelpthisladyinourI’dloveto,”saidLocketohiswife.WhenLockefinallybecausedidnotlikeaccept5.toldLocke,“Iappliedforagovernmentgrant(补助金)tofixtheroofandI’llbethanhappytoyouoncethegrantapplicationwasapproved”.7,theapprovalnevercame.SoLockechangedtactics策略).Thesympatheticconstructionworkerplayeda/an1theroofof234MacDonaldaboutfixingherroofforfree,politelyturnedhimdown68tricktomakeheraccepthishelp.HeinvitedMacDonaldentera(抽奖)thathisbusinessholdingforafreeroof.AfterMacDonaldgotoneofthetickets,Locketoldherthatshewasthe9.NotuntilthenewroofwasfinisheddidMacDonaldknowthatwastheonlyonewhohadenteredtheraffle.MacDonaldsaidthatshedidn’tknowhowtoexpressher10toLocke,sayingthathewasher“guardianangel”.1.A.design2.A.announced3.A.signsB.repairB.acknowledgedC.assumedB.hopeC.meansC.decorateD.constructD.appreciatedD.need4.A.wentalongwithB.kepttrackofC.lookedoutforD.reachedout5.A.charityB.apologiesB.thankC.adviceC.traceD.invitationsD.hire6.A.award7.A.Unknowingly8.A.unpleasant9.A.joinerB.NaturallyB.innocentB.ownerC.UnfortunatelyD.GraduallyC.meanD.cheapC.helperC.sympathyD.winnerD.blessing10.A.gratitudeB.generosity第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分)阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。AIn2013,alotofpeopleshockedbyanewsphotoofadeadpolarbearthat(find)ArcticislandofSvalbard,farfromitshabitat.thatremainedofthepoorbearwere“skinandbones”.Expertsclaimedthatlowseaicelevels(cause)climatechangemeantthebearcouldnothuntsealsasbefore,soithadtotravelgreaterdistancesorderfindfood.This13(alarm)caseshowedhowtheincreaseintemperaturehadanimpactonBDeanSchneiderleaveshislifeinSwitzerlandbehindandgoestoAfrica(pursue)hispassionandmaketheworldabetterplace.Hewasalwaysfascinatedbytheanimalworldsincehewasachild.That15hedecidedtoformaclubtohelplionsborncaptivity(圈养).nameoftheclubis“HakunaMipaka”—aSwahiliexpressionmeaning“nolimits”.ItdevelopsfromfivecorevaluesthatDeantrieshardtofollow:16(free),appreciation,brotherhood,andboldness.CConstructionoftheofPisabeganinPisawasacenterofpowerandwealth.Butworkwasstoppedseveraltimesbecauseofwars.Theeight-storytowerwasnotcompleteduntilthelate1200s.Thetoweritselfismadeofmarble(大理石)and18(weigh)16,000tons.theleaningofthetowerwasnotforitsweights19forthesoilunderneath.Theground20(soft)ononesidethanontheThesouthsidehassunk6.1feetbelowgroundlevelpastcenturies.Thenorthsidehassunk12.3feet!第三节(共4小题；每小题2.5分，共10分)根据中文意思和括号内所给的提示词，翻译下面句子。请在答题卡指定区域作答。21.在美国最受欢迎的中国菜是“左宗棠鸡”，它在油炸的鸡肉上淋上甜酱，再佐以煽炒过的红辣椒制成。(consistof)popularChinesedishisGeneralchicken,______friedchickencoveredasweetsauce,flavouredwithhotpeppers.22.警察问登山者为什么在遇到危险时他们延迟发出求救信息。send)Thepolicemanaskedtheclimbers______SOSmessageswhenin23.这些图片是水墨动画电影的代表。你看过这些电影吗?(representative)Thesepictures______inkwashanimationfilms.Haveyouseenanyofthembefore?24.防止网络游戏控制青少年的生活至关重要。(prevent)Itisessential______fromdominatingateenager’slife.第二部分阅读理解共两节，分)第一节(共9小题；每小题2分，共18分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AHaveyoueverfantasizedabouthoweasylifewouldbewithapersonalassistanttakingcareofallthe“littledetails”?Nowadays,youcangetlotsoftheadvantagesofAIassistantrightonyourphoneorUsinganyoftheseappswillhelpyouimproveyourefficiencyandproductivitywithasingleclick—whetherareworkoratcollege,oranythingelseinbetween.SogoforthanddownloadthebestAIassistants:

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EasilyDoEasilyDopersonalassistantservicesfocusedoncommunications.justaclicksyoucancustomizeyouremailnotifications,backupimportantmessages,yourcontacts,havejunkandexpiredemailsautomaticallydeleted,andcollectattachmentsandreceiptsintoone,fast-accesslocation.

AIBeforeyouimproveyourproductivityhabits,youneedtoknowwhereyou’respendingyourtime.AIdoesexactlythat.Itrecordshowmuchtimeyou’respendingontheappsandwebsites.Oncehasafullreportwillshowyouyourstatisticsandtellyouyou’vebeenproductiveandwhenyouhaven’t.thereport,youcansetdaily“Focusgoalsanditwillkeeptrackofmakesureyou’redoingtheworkyouwanttodo.AIgivesyoua30-dayfreetrialandwillgiveyouaspecialpricedependingonyouruniqueneeds.25.Whichofthefollowingcanhelplocateanidealhotel?A.AI.B.Nound.C.StayFocusd.D.EasilyDo.26.AI”istohelpyou______.A.takenotesB.understandyourneedsD.detailyourdailyroutineC.keepfocused27.Thepassageiswritten______.A.emphasizetheimportanceofAIassistantsB.recommendsomeAI-poweredappsC.advicetopersonalassistantsD.explainthewayappsBInthemiddleofSanGoldenGatePark,AmandaBarrowscarefullyplacedawoodennightstand(床头柜)ontheground.attachedasignreading,apoem,leaveapoem.”completelyunexpected,”saidBarrows,aparkranger(管理员)bydayandapoetbynight.“I’mreallytakenabackbytheoutpouringofsupport.”BarrowshasalwaysconsideredherselfasosheenrolledaclasscalledPoetryforthePeople.finalprojectoftheclassistofindawayto“bringpoetryintothecommunity”.Atfirst,Barrowsstruggledlandonidea.sherealizedthatshecouldfuseherloveforparksandherloveAcoworkergaveBarrowsaweatherednightstand.Shethoughtitwouldbetheperfecttoolforherproject.Shefilledthedraweratthetopwithfreshpaperandpensandaddedaboxatthebottomforpoems.gettheballrolling,sheaskedherclosefriendstoaddtheirfavoritepoemstothedrawerforpeopletakeThepoetrynightstandremindedherofLittleFreeLibraries.ThatprojectfeaturesbookstandsstationedacrossthePeoplecanleaveandtakebooksfromlittlelibraries.Sheonlyhadasinglenightstandtoworkwith,soBarrowsdecidedthatwouldleaveitinaparkfourdaysbeforemovinganewlocation.SanRecreationandParkDepartmentmanagesabout220parks,andgoalistobringthepoetrynightstandallofthem.Sincetheprojectstarted,peoplehaveaddedawiderangeofwriting.Barrowssharesmostofthesubmissionsonsocialmedia.Someareclearlycomposedbykids,whileothersaremorerefined.Peoplehavealsowrittenpoemsinvariouslanguages.“Ilovetoseedifferenthandwritingandsharetheirpersonalwords,”Barrowssaid.TheinstructorsofPoetryforthePeoplesaidthenightstandfulfilledthemainpurposeoftheproject.Otherstudentsintheclasswrotepoetryonsidewalkswithchalk.Anothergaveoutpoemsdisguisedasparkingtickets.Lunsfordaguestinstructorfortheclass,saystheprojectis“aninvitationslowdown”.believesthattheold-fashionednightstandstandsacitythatisfilledwithnewBarrowssayssheintendsto“keepthisgoingandhopesothersbuildtheprojectandcontributetheirown“Itreallyisacommunityproject,”Barrowssaid.“Itbelongstoallus.”28.WhydidBarrowsputthenightstandinthepark?A.sharepoetrysubmissions.B.followLittleFreeLibraries.C.advertiseapoetryclass.29.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“fuse”inParagraph4probablymean?A.Combine.B.Reveal.C.Strengthen.D.D.completearequiredtask.30.Whatweknowaboutproject?A.Ithasinvolved220parks.B.Itispopularonsocialmedia.C.Itimproveshandwriting.D.Itmakespoetryreachmorepeople.COverlytechnicallanguagesciencearticlesjustmuddywatersfornon-experts—itcanalienatereaders,potentiallyshuttingthemoutfromscientificdiscussionandknowledge.theconclusionofastudypublishedtheJournalofLanguageandSocialanditappliestogeneral-interestarticlesjustasmuchastoscientificpapers.“Whenwehaveahardtimeconceptualizinginformation,webecomereallyscaredofit,”saysleadauthorHillaryShulman,acommunicationScientistscancreate“unnecessarybarriers”withwords,says.studyinvolved650membersofthegeneralpublicwhoreadparagraphsthreecutting-edgetopics:self-drivingcars,roboticand3Dbio-printing.Themembersaredividedintotwogroups:theexperimentalgroup,theparagraphswereloadedwithterms(行业术语),suchas“remoteergonomicconsole”;forthecontrolgroup,theparagraphswerewrittenwithwordsthatarefamiliartomostreaders,suchas“separatecontrolpanel”.Afterreadingthepassages,thestudyparticipantsratedtheirexperienceinaseriesofquestionnaires.Thosewhoreadjargon-filledparagraphsweremorelikelysaythattheyhaddifficultyunderstandingthelanguageandtheinformation.Theywerealsosignificantlymorelikelysaythattheyweren’tgoodatscience,andlesslikelytosaythattheywouldseekoutinformationonthetopicinthefuture.Someoftheparticipantsreadthejargon-heavytextreceivedlinksdefinitionsoftechnicalterms,butthatreducetheirfrustrationsorenhancetheirfeelingsofunderstanding.Scientistscanlearncutbackontheiruseoftechnicallanguagewhentalkingpeoplewhoarenotresearchers,saysascience-communicationco-authoredaJanuarystudyshowingthatscientistswithmediatrainingcanwritearticlesthatarejustasengagingaspieceswrittenbyprofessionaljournalists.isafundamentalpartofthat,butnotthewholeshesays.reallyconnectwiththepublic,recommendsthatscientistsastoryrelevanttotheaudience.MembersofthepublictheonlyoneswhocanbeturnedbyShulmansays.Studentscanbe,too.“Iteachaclasswith400undergrads,”shesays.“Whenyou’retrainingpeople,youcanintroducewithalittlemoretryinginvitethemintotheenvironment.”Ofcourse,technicalwordsstillhaveimportantfunctionscience.paperisitselfheavilyloadedwithtermssuchas“metacognition”and“self-schema”.“Theironyofthatisnotlostonme,”says.“Whencomesscientificliterature,youcan’tgetanythingpublishedunlessfullofScientistswanttospeaktootherscientistsinthemostprecisepossible.”31.Intheparticipantsintheexperimentalgroupprobablyfindthemselves______.A.lackinginelementaryreadingskillsB.uninterestedreadingdefinitionsofC.incompetentdealwithcomplexinformationD.notconfidentaboutgraspingnewsciencetopics32.Accordingtoscientistshadbetter______.A.publicizescienceinaaccessiblewayB.receivethetrainingforprofessionaljournalistsC.limitincommunicationwitheachotherD.conductextensiveresearchrelatedtothepublic33.WhatdoesShulmanthinkofusinginherpaper?A.Disadvantageous.C.Unavoidable.B.Shameful.D.第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，共10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。Doyoufeellikeyoucanrememberthingsbetterwhenyouactivelyengagewiththeinformationandcreateyourownversionofit?34Thisphenomenonhasimportantimplicationswhenitcomestounderstandinghowpeoplelearn.thegenerationshowthatwhenusersencounteralistofwordspresentedintheformoffragments(片段),theywillengageseveralareasofthebraincreatewordstofilltheblanks.Researchersbelievethisisbecauseofthedeeperlevelofcognitive(认知的)engagementinvolvedtheprocessofcreatingnewwords.andinstructorsneedtobeawareoftherolethegenerationcanplaytheclassroom.Studentswhojustreceivewrittenmaterialtheycanreadmaynotunderstanditasfullyasstudentswhoengagewithitbytakingnotes,completingwritingexercises,andforth.36Ratherthangivingstudentsalistofcorrectlyspelledwordsandaskingthemmemorizeit,theteachercanaskstudentscompleteworksheetswheretheymustfillinblankstospellthewords.Ifastudentsimplyreadsatextbook,he/shewillnotabsorbtheinformationaswellaswhenhe/shetakesnotesandrecreateschartsandothermaterialspresentedthebook.Studentspreparingexaminationfindithelpfultowriteoutmaterialfromthetext,rephrasingintheirwordsasappropriatetomakesuretheyfullyunderstandthematerial.Inaword,itallboilsdowntoactivelearningversuspassivelearning.Spendingafewminutesactivelyproducingcontentmayjustbethethingyouweremissinginyourlearningroutine.A.calledtheGenerationEffect.B.Forstudents,thegenerationcanalsobeimportant.C.WhentheyareaskedtorepeatthelisttheirrecallwillbeD.Acommonexampleofthegenerationcanbeinspellinglessonsforyoungstudents.E.Thesimpleactofwritingcantrigger(激发)thegenerationandhelpthestudentsperformbetteronexaminations.Theywillfindthatactivelyusingnewinformationcreaterelationshipsbetweentasksexaminations.G.Theprocessofgeneratingcontentinitiatesomeparticularencoding(编码)processesthatdonothappenwhensimplyreading.第三部分书面表达共两节，分)第一节(共4小题；第39题2分，第40题2分，第题3分，第42题5分，共12分)阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。THEGROWINGPROBLEMOFTheterme-wasteisshort“electronicwaste”.Itreferstoelectricalorelectronicproductsthatarethrownawaywhentheyarenolongerneeded.Theseincludecomputers,televisions,ovens,andbasicallyanythingelsethatrunsbatteriesorhasanelectricalcord.E-wastehasbeenaproblemsincethe1970sbecauseofhowdifficultitistoseparatethingslikemetalandplasticfromvariousproducts.Also,manyelectronicscontaintoxicmaterialsthatcanpollutetheenvironmentifleftlandfills.Overthepastdecades,theproblemofe-wastehasonlyincreasedalongwithadvancementsinE-wasteisthefastest-growingwastestreamaroundtheworld.Thetotalamountofe-wastecreatedeveryyearisexpectedtoreach74milliontonsbytheyear2030.estimatedthatonlyabout17percentofglobale-wasteisproperlyrecycled.theUnitedNationshopestobringthatnumberupto30percentbytheendof2023.morepeopleusingsmartphonesandcomputerseverytheproblemofe-wastecannotbeignored.increasetherecyclingrateofe-wasteitems,citiesshouldconsideraddingspecialcollectionboxesgrocerystoresorgovernmentoffices.Thereshouldalsobedeliveryorpick-upservicesfore-wasteitems.Thattheseitemscanbesentdirectlypeoplewhoareabletoproperlytakethemapartandrecovertheirusefulcomponents.Despitecurrentdifficulties,e-wastehasgreatrecyclingpotential.Inadditiontotheitemsthrownlotsofpeoplekeepolddevicesthataren’tusedanymore.Asawhole,theyaddupalotofmetalsandmineralsthatcan,andshould,berecycled.Ifthesecomponentsarerecycledtomakenewproducts,therewouldbeofaneeddigformorearoundtheworld.So,ifyoumustreplaceyourphoneortryreturningthedevicethemanufacturerordroppingatane-wasteprocessingfacilityifthereisone39.Whatdoes“electronicwaste”referto?40.WhatisParagraph2mainlyabout?41.Decidewhichpartofthefollowingstatementiswrong.Underlineitandexplain▶Inorderreducee-waste,peoplehadbetterkeepolddevicesthatusedanymoreordroptheminspecialcollectionboxes.42.Apartfromthewaysmentionedpassage,pleaseshareyourway(s)toreducee-waste.(About40words)第二节(20分)假设你是红星中学高二学生李华，你们学校近期将要举办“健康美食日”活动。你的英国朋友Jim正在北京一所国际学校学习，请你用英文给他写一封电子邮件，邀请他参加该活动，内容包括：1、活动简介(时间、地点、主题、内容等);2、邀请理由。注意：1.1002.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。提示词：健康美食日HealthyDearJim,_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________