江苏省盐城2023-2024学年高一年级上册12月月考英语试卷(含答案)

江苏省盐城2023-2024学年高一上学期12月月考英语试卷

学校：___________姓名：班级：___________考号：

一'阅读理解

FourShowstoSee

Falcons:TheArtoftheHunt

Thehuntingtrainingoffalcons(猎鹰)haslongbeenattractiveto

humans.Aslongagoasearly8th-centurySyria,falconswerebeingtrainedtobecomeskilful

huntersfortheroyalcourts(皇家庭院).Thepracticespreadacrosstheworld.Anewshowin

theNationalMuseumofAsianArtcollectspaintingsandobjectsfromancientEgypttoChina

celebratingthehuntingpowerofthebirds.(Jan.15-Jul.17,2022).

IkeUde:NollywoodPortraits

ThesuccessofNigeria9sFilmindustryhasalsomeanttheriseofcharmandfamous

peopleinwhatiscalledNollywood.IkeUdereturnedtoLagos,thelargestpartofNigeria,in

2014afterthreedecadesasanartistinNewYorkCitytophotographtheleadingstars,often

incostumesfromtheirfilms,aswellasdirectorsandproducersinthe$3billionindustry.The

resultreflectsthechangingnatureofAfricanidentityinthe21stcentury.(OpensFeb.5,2022)

PrestonSingletary:RavenandtheBoxofDaylight

PacificNorthwestmusicandprojectsaccompany(伴随)amajorshowattheNational

MuseumoftheAmericanIndianbyTlingitglassartistPrestonSingletary.Organisedbythe

artistwiththeMuseumofGlassinTacoma,Washington,itwasoriginallysupposedtoopen

inthefallof2020.TheshowtellsthestoryofRavenandhiseffortstochangetheworldby

bringinglighttopeoplefromthestars,moonandsun.(Jan,28,2022-Jan.29,2023).

Baseball:America'sHomeRun

ThisshowfeatureshundredsofU.S.andinternationalstampsrememberingbaseball's

finestplayers.Firstorganisedtomarkthe150thanniversary(周年庆)ofprofessionalbaseball

in2019.“Baseball:America'sHomeRun“willfeaturesomehistoricobjectsthathavenever

appearedonpublicshow.(Apr.9-Sep.25,2022)

1.WhatcanyouenjoyinNationalMuseumofAsianArt?

A.Experthuntingskills.

B.Introductiontofamoushunters.

C.Thehuntinglifeofroyalfamilies.

D.Thecollectionsofthehuntingpoweroffalcons.

2.Whichshowmaytellinspirationalstories?

A.Falcons:TheArtoftheHunt.

B.IkeUde:NollywoodPortraits.

C.PrestonSingletary:RavenandtheBoxofDaylight.

D.Baseball:America'sHomeRun.

3.WhatisspecialaboutBaseball:America'sHomeRun?

A.Itwillfocusonvaluablestamps.B.Itwillputsportsandarttogether.

C.Itwillstressthefeaturesofbaseball.D.Itwillgivepeopleanewexperience.

InsideatinyshopinManchester,AdamBircecarefullycarvesatawoodblock.Helooks

carefullyateachpiecetoensuretheyfitandmatchbeforegentlysettingthemtogether.Adam

Birce,theownerofFourStrings,restoresstringedinstrumentslikeviolinsandhispassionis

inrestoringandappreciatingwhathasalreadybeencraftedandloved.

Bircestartedplayingthevioliningradeschoolandgrewtotrulyappreciateit.Heplayed

semiprofessionallyoutofhighschoolandlatergothisdegreeinmusicatVirginia

CommonwealthUniversityasaviolinist.Aftergraduating,helandedajobsellingviolins.

“Asfatewouldhaveit,Iwasaskedbymyemployertolearntofixviolins15yearsago,“he

says."Isoonmovedoffonmyowntodorestoration.99Since2014,he'sbeenonamission

withFourStringstoprovideexcellentfine-instrumentrestorationforthecommonwealth.

Violinrestorationisn'taself-taughtskill.Eachsummerforthepastdecade,Bircehas

traveledtotheMassachusettsCollegeofLiberalArtsforuptotwoweekstostudyunder

famousviolinrestorationexpertHansJ.Nebel.Here,studentslearneverythingfromdelicate

edgingrepairtoviolinidentification.t4Alotoftheworkitselfislearningasyougo,“Birce

says."It'salotofproblem-solvingandcriticalthinking,likecomingupwithawoodworking

context."

Howlongajobtakesvaries."Mostareabout3-6monthsformajorwork,unlessafull

top-to-bottomrestorationisneeded,whichcantakeevenlonger,Birceexplains.66Ileavethat

uptotheclientiftheywanttocommittothat."Oneofhislongestjobswasworkingona

Scottishviolinfromtheearly1800sthathadbeenwater-damaged.66Ihadtouseeveryskillin

mytoolboxtofixit,“Bircelaughinglyrecalls.uItwasaveryonerousjob/9

Ifthere'sonethingtobelearnedfromBirce9spassion,it'sthateachviolinisuniqueinits

ownright.Hecomparesthefineinstrumentsmarkettothefineartsmarket.66Alotofthese

instrumentsarefineart,“hesays."IkindofsaythisisaPicassoI'mplayingoraDegas.I've

workedonafew,whichisalwaysajoy."

4.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofviolinrestoration?

A.Ifseffortless.B.Ifsself-taught.

C.It'sboring.D.It'shighlyprofessional.

5.Whatmainlydeterminesthetimespentonrestoringaviolin?

A.Howpowerfulthetoolsare.B.Itsconditionandtheclienfsneeds.

C.Whatmaterialit'smadeof.D.Itsclienfspayfortherestorer.

6.Whichofthefollowingbestexplains“onerous“underlinedinparagraph4?

A.Abnormal.B.Enjoyable.C.Encouraging.D.Demanding.

7.Whatdoesthelastparagraphintendtoshow?

A.Birce'spassionforart.B.Birce'simpactonthemarket.

C.Birce'sfeelingsaboutthejob.D.Birce'sadviceonviolinrestoration.

AdaPalmerisaprofessorofEuropeanhistoryattheUniversityofChicago.Herscience­

fictionseries,TerraIgnota,wasinspiredby18th-centuryphilosopherssuchasVoltaireand

Diderot."IwantedtowriteastorythatVoltairemighthavewrittenifVoltairehadbeenable

toreadthelast70years9worthofsciencefictionandhaveallofthosetoolsavailable（可获

得的）forhisuse,“PalmersaysinaradioprogramcalledGeeksGuidetotheGalaxy.

PalmersaysthatVoltairecouldactuallybeconsideredthefirstsci-ficwriter,thankstoa

placehewrotein1752."VoltairehasashortstorycalledMicromegas.inwhichanalienfrom

SaturnandanalienfromastarnearSiriuscometoEarth.Theyareextremelybiginsize.

TheyexploreEarthandhavetroublefindinglifeformsbecausetothemawhaleisthesizeof

aflea（0K蚤）“，shesays.Theyeventuallyrealizethatthetinylittlespotofwoodonthe

groundisaship,andit'sfulloflivingthings,includinghumans,andtheymakecontact.So

it'safirst-contactstory.

MaryShelley's1818novelFrankensteinisoftenconsideredthefirstsci-finovel.

VoltairewaswritingmuchearlierthanShelley,soshouldhehavethetitleinstead?Itdepends

onyourdefinition（定义）ofsciencefiction."Micromegasdoesn'tinvolvetechnology/9

Palmersays,“soifyoudefinesciencefictionasdependingupontechnology一andbeing

about,intheFrankensteinsense.Isman'sknowledgegivingusaccesstopowersbeyond

whatwe'vehadbefore?Whatdoesthatmean?9一itisn'taskingthat.But"aliensandfirst

contact9isaverysignificantsciencefictionalelement.99

Sothere'snoobviousanswertothequestionofwhoshouldbeconsideredthefirstsci-fi

writer.Palmersaysit'smoreimportanttoaskthequestionthantoarriveatanyparticular

answer."Idon'twanttoargue,'Yes,definitely,everybody'shistoriesofsciencefiction

shouldstartwithVoltaire/9shesays."ButIdowanttoarguethateverybody'shistoriesof

sciencefictionwillbericherbydiscussingwhetherVoltaireisthebeginningofscience

fiction,orwhetherifsearlierorwhetherit'slater.Becausethatgetsatthequestionofwhat

sciencefictionis.”

8.WhatdoweknowaboutMicromegasaccordingtothetext?

A.Itiswidelyacceptedasascience-fictionstory.

B.Ithasabiginfluenceontoday'ssciencefiction.

C.Itsmaincharactershavetroublefindinghumans.

D.Itscontentisabouthumans'explorationofspace.

9.WhydoesAdaPalmerregardVoltaireasasci-fiwriter?

A.Oneofhisstoriesfocusesontechnology.

B.Hisstoryinvolvesaliensfromotherplanets.

C.Hedescribedhuman-aliencontactinastory.

D.Hersciencefictionwasinspiredbyhiswriting.

10.WhatdoesAdaPalmerreallywanttodiscusswhenitcomestosciencefiction?

A.Itstrueorigin.B.Whatitcancover.

C.Itscolourfulexpressions.D.Whyitisinteresting.

11.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?

A.AdaPalmerandsciencefiction.

B.WasVoltairethefirstsci-fiauthor?

C.Technology'sroleinsciencefiction.

D.Whatissciencefictionreallyabout?

Anyparentofgrowingteenagersknowstheirkids9appetite（食欲）canbeextremely

large.Now,imaginehavingayoungdinosaurcheckingthefridge.Theoutsizeappetitesof

growingdinosaursreshapedfoodchainsintheirenvironmentandcrowdedoutother

carnivores（食肉动物），accordingtoanewstudy.

Mostgroupsofanimalshavemanysmall-sizedspecies,somewhatfewermedium-sized

speciesandthefewestlarge-sizedspecies.However,theextinctdinosaurs-especially

carnivoreshadplentyofspeciesnobiggerthanmodern-daychickensandalsomany

extremelybigspecies,butfewmedium-sizedones.

Scientistswonderedwhetherteendinosaurscrowdedoutmedium-sizedadultsbytaking

advantageofthehabitatsandfoodsourcesthosespeciesmighthavetaken.Totesttheidea,

KatlinSchroeder,aPh.D.studentattheUniversityofNewMexico（UNM）,combedaglobal

collectionofdatatodeterminethesizeofmorethan550dinosaurspeciesin43ancient

ecosystems.

“Inmostcommunities,plant-eatingdinosaurswereinmultifarioussizes.Butcarnivores

werecompletelydifferent,99Schroedersays.Plant-eatingdinosaurscameinarangeofsizes,

whilecarnivorousdinosaursbetween100and1,000kilogramswerequiterare."Thesizeof

thecarnivorousdinosaurissurprising.Ifsasifyouwenttothesavanna,alargeflatareaof

grassyland,andsawnothinginsizebetweenasmallfoxandalion,“Schroedersays.

"Patternsinallthedinosaurcommunitiesstudiedareverysimilar.Wesawthegapinspecies9

sizesforyears,butnevermeasuredit.”

SchroederandpaleontologistsEelisaSmithofUNMandKathleenLyonsofthe

UniversityofNebraska,Lincoln,modeledtherolethatyoungcarnivorousdinosaursmight

haveplayedinecosystems.66Iftheteendinosaursarereallyusingupthisspace,howmanyof

themwouldyouexpect?”Smithsays.Theirstudyshowedthat“theteenagersfillthegap,“

shesays."Ifyoufillthemin,thenyougetacommunitythatlookslikewhatyou'dexpect."

“Theeffectmaybestrongerinmeateatersbecauseeachcarnivorousdinosaurspecies

hatched（孵化）fromsmalleggs;thentheygrewveryquickly.Theyhadtochangedietsand

huntingmethodstoadapttotheirnewsizesandcompetewitharangeofotherspeciesalong

theway,“Erickson,anotherscientist,says.

“Thestudy'sstressonhowanimals9niches（生态位）canchangeastheygrowoffers

freshunderstandings/9saysMikeBenton,ascientistattheUniversityofBristol.

12.Howdoestheauthorbringupthetopicofthetext?

A.Byshowinganexample.B.Bymakingacomparison.

C.Bystartingadiscussion.D.Byofferinganexplanation.

13.Whatconfusesscientistsabouttheextinctdinosaurs?

A.Whethertheylivedinlargecommunities.

B.Whyyoungdinosaurshadoutsizeappetites.

C.Whytherewerefewermedium-sizedspecies.

D.Howtheyadaptedtotheenvironmentchange.

14.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“multifarious“inParagraph4probablymean?

A.Similar.B.Large.C.Reasonable.D.Various.

15.WhatdoesEricksonwanttostressinthelastbutoneparagraph?

A.Theimpactofcarnivorousdinosaurs9appetiteontheirsizes.

B.Thecompetitivelivingenvironmentofcarnivorousdinosaurs.

C.Therelationbetweenfoodvarietyanddinosaurs9survivalability.

D.Theroleofeatinghabitsincarnivorousdinosaurs9huntingmethods.

二、七选五

16.Inancienttimes,peopletrackedtheseasonsbyfollowingthelunarmonths.Many

times,thenamesofthemoonswererelatedwithwhatfeaturestheseasonshad.①

ItisaspecialnamewithahistorydatingbacktoNativeAmericantribes（部落）.

ThenameisalsothoughttohaveaCelticorigin,broughtovertoNorthAmericabyEuropean

settlers.

RegardlessofwherethenameWolfMooncomesfrom,wolveshowl（嚎叫）to

communicateoverlongdistancesbothinNorthAmericaandinEurope.Itisawayofsaying

“hereIam^^totherestofthepackor“stayaway“toenemies.②Asthelate

summermovestowardsfall,wolvescallmoreandmoretoneighborsandenemies.

（3）However,howlsbyapackcanlastfrom30to120second,andlonger

duringthebreeding（繁殖）season.Asaresult,wolvesareparticularlyloudinthefirstmonth

oftheyear.（4）

SciencehasnotshownthattheMoonphase（月相）playsanyparticularpartinthecalls

ofwolves,butwolvesareanimalsthatareingeneralmoreactiveatnight.⑤

Theypointtheirfacestowardtheskybecauseprojectingtheirhowlsupwardcarriesthesound

farther.

A.TheyareenergeticinJanuary.

B.WolveshowlinthedirectionoftheMoon.

C.Inspringandearlysummer,wolveshowltoseekmates.

D.Anaveragehowlfromasinglewolflastsfrom3to7seconds.

E.ThatisprobablywhypeoplerelatedJanuarywithhowlingwolves.

F.Itdoesn'tquitefitinwiththetraditionalFullMoonnamingsystem.

G.January'sFullMooninNorthAmericaisknownastheWolfMoon.

三、完形填空（15空）

Afewweeksago,myhusbandandIpickedtomatoesgrowinginmyfather-in-law's

orderlygarden.Hehadstucktoplantingtomatoesformorethan40years.Ihavebeen1

byhisdetermination,nottomentiontheconsiderable2,ashewouldprepareforyet

anothergrowingseason.Afterplacingseedsintosoil,hewouldwater,weed,andtalktothem

everyday,waitingwith3fortheirprogress.Tohim,thegardeniseverything.

Butthispastsummer,myfather-in-lawhadto4thegarden.Hehadbecome

5,andisnowrestingathomewithseriousheartfailure.Hisgardenisnow6and

fullofweeds.WepickedthebesttomatoesinAugust,butnowthegardenseemstohavebeen

7

Afewweeksago,myhusbandtookthebiggesttomatohecouldfindfromhisfather9s

garden,squirted（挤出）itfreeofitsseedsandlaidthemouttodry.Hisfatherusedtomake

this8attheendofeachseason.Theseeds,awayof9thehealthiesttomato

growth,wouldpromiseasuccessfulharvest.

Myhusbandpaidnoattentiontothegardenbefore.Iknowwhy,afteralltheseyears,he

keepsthese10.Willhisfather11Christmas?Willanyoneplantthatgardeninthe

springwhenheis12nothere?Howmuchtimedowereallyhavewithhim?

Wedonotknowthe13butIdoknowwhattheseedswill14.Therewillbe

morethanjusttomatoes.Anythingthatcomesfromthem一anysauce,anymeal,any

memory-willalwaysbe15.

17.A.influencedB.offeredC.impressedD.comforted

18.A.effortB.attitudeC.moneyD.concept

19.A.anxietyB.curiosityC.doubtD.patience

20.A.takeoverB.giveupC.giveawayD.pulldown

21.A.tiredB.slowC.weakD.lazy

22.A.emptyB.smallC.oldD.disorderly

23.A.dislikedB.forgottenC.attackedD.judged

24.A.selectionB.attemptC.achievementD.success

25.A.estimatingB.emphasizingC.ensuringD.advising

26.A.flowersB.gardensC.mealsD.seeds

27.A.missB.surviveC.expectD.enjoy

28.A.probablyB.frequentlyC.particularlyD.officially

29.A.reasonsB.questionsC.answersD.consequences

30.A.applyB.makeC.requireD.promise

31.A.noticedB.appreciatedC.recognizedD.linked

四、短文填空

32.Traditionally,robotshavebeenhard,madeofmetalandotherrigidmaterial.Buta

teamofscientistsatHarvardUniversityintheUShasmanagedtobuildan①

(entire)softrobot—the“Octobot”.

②(describe)insciencejournalNature,the"Octobot“couldpavethewayfor

moreintelligentrobotsthatcouldbeusedinsearch,rescueandexplorationthanthe

traditionalones."TheOctobotisaminimalsystemwhichmayserved)a

foundationforanewgenerationofcompletelysoft,autonomousrobots/9thestudy'sauthors

wrote.

Researchers®(work)onbuildingsoftrobotsfordecades.They'vetaken⑤

(inspire)fromnature,lookingtoanimalsfromjellyfishtocockroaches,whichare

oftenmadeupofmoreflexiblematter.

However,creatingacompletelysoftrobot©(remain)achallenge.Evenif

engineersbuildasilicone(硅酮)body,⑦isstillagrandchallengetoconstruct

flexibleversionsofessentialparts,suchasasourceofpower.

“⑧softroboticsisstillinitsearlystage,itholdsagreatpromiseforseveral

applications,suchassearch-rescueoperationsandexplorations,"BarbaraMazzolaiof

Technology,CenterforMicro-BioRobotics,wrotein⑨comment."Softrobots

mightalsoopenupnewapproachesto®(improve)wellnessandqualityoflife/9

五、选词填空

33.选择并使用所给英语单词的正确形式完成句子，有两个单词为多余词。

lackfancyregardequipreviseadaptassume

1.Heisworkingonascreenofhislatestnovel.

2.isamustifyouwanttograspwhatyouhavelearned.

3.Myplansarebasedonthethathousepriceswouldremainsteady.

4.Interestedindifferentcultures,thegirlalwaystravellingalloverthecountry.

5.withmuchknowledge,theprofessorisrespectedbyhisstudentsaswellashis

colleagues.

六、语法填空

34.Withmoreandmoreforestsbeingdestroyed,hugequantitiesofgoodearth(wash)

awaynow.(所给词的适当形式填空)

35.Amy,aswellasherbrothers,(give)awarmwelcomewhenreturningtothe

villagelastweek.

36.Havingstudiedabout600clinicalcases(临床病例),thescientistfoundacurethe

disease.(用适当的词填空)

37.Actually,thefilmyouseeonthesceneistheproductofahugeamountofhardwork,

mostoftakesplacebehindthescenes.（用适当的词填空）

38.DirectorJamesCameronevenwentdowntothebottomoftheAtlanticOceantosee

wasleftoftheshipforhimself.（用适当的词填空）

39.Itisstronglyrecommendedthatthemachines_________（check）everyyear.（所给词的

适当形式填空）’

40.Manyelderlypeopleexpressedastrong（prefer）toliveintheirown

homes.（所给词的适当形式填空）

41.Theyarewatchingsogoodafilmwehavewatched.（用适当的词填空）

42.Whateveryouransweris,there'salwaysalotmoretoitfirstmeetstheeye.（用适

当的词填空）

43.（flexible）training,includinggymnasticsandtaichi,helpsstretchyourmuscles

andimproveyourbody'srangeofmovement.（所给词的适当形式填空）

七.完成句子

44.Bywayof____（三£常重视）efficiency,teacherscanhelpstudentsimprovetheirgrades.

（根据汉语提示完成句子）]

45.Thepossibilitiesoffailure（使忧心忡忡）thewholeteam,makingtheminno

moodtodoanythingtoday.（根据汉语提示完成句子）

46.Bothofthemactuallyhavethequalitiesandvirtuesthat_____（是典型的）American

actors.（根据汉语提示完晟句子）

47.Hecameroundforacoffeeandwe____（最后）havingamealtogether.（根据汉语提示

完成句子）JJ

48.ThefilmstarringTomHankshascertainly____.（没有辜负我的期望）（根据汉语提示

完成句子）^

49.Havingmadegreatachievementsinhisbusiness,butsomehow,he___foralivingnow.

（沦落为乞讨）（根据汉语提示完成句子）一「

50.Thevillageisreallybeautiful,butthephotodoesn'titsview.（给予公平的评价）

（根据汉语提示完成句子）

51.Hopefully,nexttimeyougotothecinema,you911（想——想）forallthosetalented

peoplebehindthescenes.（根据汉语提示完成句子）

52.Exerciseimprovescertainbrainfunctions,meaningyoucouldactually（通过锻炼）

tobetterperformanceatschool!（根据汉语提示完成句子）

53.Remembertodrinkthroughoutexerciseto（弥补）waterlosttosweat.

（根据汉语提示完成句子）

八、书面表达

54.假如你是学生会主席李华，最近青少年学生心理健康引起了公众关注，请围绕这

一主题，写一份倡议书，内容包括：

1.简述现状；

2.表示理解；

3,发出倡议。

注意：

1.词数80字左右，可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

2.开头已给出，不计入总字数。请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

Dearfellowstudents,

I'mLiHua,presidentoftheStudents9Union.

TheStudents9Union

November17th,2023

参考答案

1.答案：D

解析：细节理解题。根据Falcons:TheArtoftheHunt部分中“AnewshowintheNational

MuseumofAsianArtcollectspaintingsandobjectsfromancientEgypttoChinacelebrating

thehuntingpowerofthebirds.（亚洲国家艺术博物馆收藏了从古埃及到中国的绘画和物

品，颂扬鸟类的狩猎能力）”可知，在亚洲国家艺术博物馆可以看到颂扬猎鹰狩猎能力

的绘画和物品，故选D。

2.答案：C

解析：细节理解题。根据PrestonSingletary:RavenandtheBoxofDaylight部分中“The

showtellsthestoryofRavenandhiseffortstochangetheworldbybringinglighttopeople

fromthestars,moonandsun.（该展览讲述了乌鸦的故事，以及他通过从星星、月亮和太

阳给人们带来光明来改变世界的努力）”可知，该展览讲述了鼓舞人心的故事，故选

Co

3.答案：D

解析：细节理解题。根据Baseball:America'sHomeRun部分中“'Baseball:America's

HomeRun5willfeaturesomehistoricobjectsthathaveneverappearedonpublic

show.（4Baseball:America'sHomeRun5将展出一些从未公开展出的历史物品）“可知，该

展览将展出一些从未公开展出的历史物品，故会给人们一种新的体验，故选D。

4.答案：D

解析：推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Violinrestorationisn'taself-taughtskill.Each

summerforthepastdecade,BircehastraveledtotheMassachusettsCollegeofLiberalArts

foruptotwoweekstostudyunderfamousviolinrestorationexpertHansJ.Nebel.Here,

studentslearneverythingfromdelicateedgingrepairtoviolinidentification4小提琴修复不

是一项自学成才的技能。在过去的十年里，每年夏天，伯斯都会前往麻省文理学院

（MassachusettsCollegeofLiberalArts）,在著名小提琴修复专家汉斯・J•内贝尔（HansJ.

Nebel）的指导下学习两周。在这里，学生们学习从精致的边缘修复到小提琴鉴定的一

切）”可知，作者认为小提琴修复不是一项自学的技能，需要向专家学习。由此推知，

作者认为小提琴修复是专业技能。故选D。

5.答案：B

解析：推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Howlongajobtakesvaries."'Mostareabout3-6

monthsformajorwork,unlessafulltop-to-bottomrestorationisneeded,whichcantakeeven

longer,5,Birceexplains.t4Ileavethatuptotheclientiftheywanttocommittothat."Oneof

hislongestjobswasworkingonaScottishviolinfromtheearly1800sthathadbeenwater­

damaged.t4Ihadtouseeveryskillinmytoolboxtofixit,^^Bircelaughinglyrecalls.t4Itwasa

veryonerousjob.”（一项工作需要多长时间是不同的。Birce解释说：“大多数主要工作大

约需要3—6个月，除非需要进行全面的自下而上的修复，这可能需要更长的时

间。”“我把这个问题留给客户，看他们是否愿意这么做。”他最长时间的工作之一是修

复一把19世纪早期被水损坏的苏格兰小提琴。Birce笑着回忆道：“我不得不动用我工

具箱里的所有技能来修理它。”“这是一项非常繁重的工作。”户可推知，修复一把小提

琴需要花费的时间与自身状况和客户需求有关。故选B。

6.答案：D

解析：词句猜测题。根据上文“OneofhislongestjobswasworkingonaScottishviolin

fromtheearly1800sthathadbeenwater-damaged.t€Ihadtouseeveryskillinmytoolboxto

fixit,"Bircelaughinglyrecalls.（他最长时间的工作之一是修复一把19世纪早期被水损坏

的苏格兰小提琴。Birce笑着回忆道：“我不得不动用我工具箱里的所有技能来修理

它。”广可知，修复那把苏格兰小提琴的工作是非常繁重的。由此可知，onerous意为

“繁重的，麻烦的"，与D项demanding意思接近。故选D。

7.答案：C

解析：推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Ifthere'sonethingtobelearnedfromBirce's

passion,it'sthateachviolinisuniqueinitsownright.Hecomparesthefineinstruments

markettothefineartsmarket.t4Alotoftheseinstrumentsarefineart,^^hesays."Ikindofsay

thisisaPicassoI'mplayingoraDegas.I'veworkedonafew,whichisalwaysajoy."（如果

说我们能从Birce的激情中学到什么的话，那就是每把小提琴都是独一无二的。他把

乐器市场比作美术市场。“很多乐器都是艺术品，”他说。“我可以说，我正在演奏的是

毕加索或德加的作品。我做过一些，这总是一种乐趣。”）”可推知，最后一段主要告诉

我们他对这项工作的感受。故选C。

8.答案：C

解析：细节理解题。根据第二段“VoltairehasashortstorycalledMicromegas,inwhichan

alienfromSaturnandanalienfromastarnearSiriuscometoEarth.Theyareextremelybig

insize.TheyexploreEarthandhavetroublefindinglifeformsbecausetothemawhaleisthe

sizeofaflea（跳蚤），shesays."Theyeventuallyrealizethatthetinylittlespotofwoodonthe

groundisaship,andifsfulloflivingthings,includinghumans,andtheymakecontact.（伏尔

泰有一个短篇故事叫《Microm6gas》，讲的是一个来自土星的外星人和一个来自天狼

星附近恒星的外星人来到地球。它们的体型非常大。她说，他们探索地球，却很难找

到生命形式，因为对他们来说，鲸鱼只有跳蚤那么大。他们最终意识到，地面上那一

小块木头是一艘船，船上满是生物，包括人类，他们接触了）”可知，从文章中可知

《Microm6gas》的主角很难找到人类。故选C项。

9.答案：C

解析：细节理解题。根据第三段“Microm6gasdoesn'tinvolvetechnology,5,Palmersays,

“soifyoudefinesciencefictionasdependingupontechnology一andbeingabout,inthe

Frankensteinsense,Isman'sknowledgegivingusaccesstopowersbeyondwhatwe'vehad

before?Whatdoesthatmean?5一itisn'taskingthat.But"aliensandfirstcontact5isavery

significantsciencefictionalelement.（4tMicromegas并不涉及技术，“帕尔默说，“所以如果

你把科幻小说定义为依赖于技术，并且是关于弗兰肯斯坦那种意义上的：人类的知识

是否给予我们比以前更强大的力量？那意味着什么？——它并未涉及这一点。但“外星

人和首次接触”是一个非常重要的科幻元素。"）”可知，帕尔默认为“外星人和首次接触”

是一个非常重要的科幻元素，所以认为MicromCgas是科幻小说，从而认为伏尔泰是一

位科幻作家。故选C项。

10.答案：C

解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段"Sothere5snoobviousanswertothequestionofwho

shouldbeconsideredthefirstsci-fiwriter.Palmersaysit'smoreimportanttoaskthequestion

thantoarriveatanyparticularanswer.t4Idon'twanttoargue,'Yes,definitely,everybody's

historiesofsciencefictionshouldstartwithVoltaire,5,shesays."ButIdowanttoarguethat

everybody'shistoriesofsciencefictionwillbericherbydiscussingwhetherVoltaireisthe

beginningofsciencefiction,orwhetherifsearlierorwhetherit'slater.Becausethatgetsat

thequestionofwhatsciencefictionis."（所以，谁应该被认为是第一个科幻作家这个问题

没有明确的答案。帕尔默说，提出问题比得到特定的答案更重要。“我不想争辩，’是

的，当然，每个人的科幻小说历史都应该从伏尔泰开始，”'她说。“但我确实想说，通

过讨论伏尔泰是否是科幻小说的开端，或者是更早还是更晚，每个人的科幻历史都会

更丰富。因为这触及了什么是科幻小说的问题。”厂可知，谈到科幻小说，阿达・帕尔默

认为提出问题比得到特定的答案更重要，通过讨论问题让每个人的科幻历史都会更丰

富，说明她更希望多元化的讨论和表达，而不是为科幻小说或者谁是第一个科幻小说

家下定义。故选c项。

11.答案：B

解析：主旨大意题。根据第二段“PalmersaysthatVoltairecouldactuallybeconsideredthe

firstsci-ficwriter,thankstoaplacehewrotein1752.（帕尔默说，伏尔泰实际上可以被认

为是第一位科学作家，这要归功于他在1752年写的一篇文章）”以及第三段“Mary

Shelley's1818novelFrankensteinisoftenconsideredthefirstsci-finovel.Voltairewas

writingmuchearlierthanShelley,soshouldhehavethetitleinstead?（玛丽•雪莱1818年的

小说《弗兰肯斯坦》通常被认为是第一部科幻小说。伏尔泰写作的时间比雪莱早得

多，那么他应该被冠以这个头衔吗？）”以及纵观全文可知，本文主要讨论了伏尔泰是

不是第一个科幻作家，以及通过讨论这个问题，能给读者带来的好处，所以B项“Was

Voltairethefirstsci-fiauthor?（伏尔泰是第一个科幻作家吗？）”是本文最好的标题。故选

B项。

12.答案：A

解析：推理判断题。根据第一段"Anyparentofgrowingteenagersknowstheirkids5

appetite（食欲）canbeextremelylarge.Now,imaginehavingayoungdinosaurcheckingthe

fridge.Theo