Unit4+Space+Exploration+语法+不定式作定语和状语学案 高中英语人教版（2019）必修第三册

必修三U4语法不定式作定语和状语不定式作定语观察Iborrowedsomebookstoreadduringmyholiday.我借了一些我假期期间要读的书。Heisalwaysthefirsttoarriveatschoolandthelasttoleave他总是第一个到校,最后一个离开。Thebestwaytostrengthenwillpoweristomakeitintoahabit.增强意志力的最好方法就是让它成为一种习惯。归纳1.不定式作定语,修饰名词或代词,通常要放在这些被修饰的词①_______。2.用不定式作定语的几种情况:(1)不定式作定语可以表示②_______的动作;(2)当中心词为序数词、形容词最高级、thelast、theonly等词或中心词被这类词修饰时,常用不定式作定语;(3)被修饰词是③_______名词时,常用不定式作定语。常见的该类名词有:way、time、reason、plan、ability、chance、opportunity、freedom、need、right、wish、desire、excuse、promise、attempt等;(4)不定代词something、nothing等后面也常用不定式作定语。名师点睛1.作定语的不定式若为不及物动词,或者不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的地点、工具等时,其后须加上适当的介词。Iamlookingforaroomtolivein我正在找一间屋子住。2.当作定语的不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的承受者时,不定式既可以用主动语态，也可以用被动语态，但其含义有所不同。Doyouhaveanythingtosend?你有什么东西要寄吗?(“寄”这一动作的执行者是“你”)Doyouhaveanythingtobesent?你有什么要(我或别人)寄的东西吗?(“寄”这一动作的执行者是“我”或“别人”)不定式作状语(一)作目的状语观察Toavoidanydelay,pleasephonedirectly.为避免任何延误，请直接打电话。Firemenhadtobreakthedoordowntorescuethepeopletrappedinside.为了营救困在里面的人,消防队员不得不破门而人。Shearrivedearlyinordertogetagoodseat/soastogetagoodseat.她到得很早,就是为了得到个好座位。归纳不定式用作目的状语有两个可能的位置,一是在句首,二是在句末。有时为了强调和突出目的性,可以在不定式之前加上④_______或⑤_______。(二)作结果状语观察Thehouseissohighandnarrowastoresembleatower.这房子又高又窄,像一座塔。Isthisbridgestrongenoughtosupportheavylorries?这座桥足够坚固而支撑重型卡车吗?IarrivedattheshoponlytofindI’dleftallmymoneyathome我到商店却发现我把我的钱全落在家里了。(表示一种出乎意料的结果)Asaconductorheistooexperiencedtomindwhatthecriticssay.作为一位指挥家他经验非常丰富,不会介意评论家们说什么。归纳不定式用作结果状语通常放在句末。常用在⑥_______…asto.….、such….astoenoughto.…..⑦_______…to….等结构中。有时不定式表示一种出人意料的结果,可以在前面加上⑧_______。(三)作原因状语观察Hewasgladtobehomeagain.他很高兴又回到了家。Iwasmorethangladtoreceiveyourletter.我很高兴收到你的来信。归纳不定式用作原因状语时主要用于“be+⑨_______不定式”结构中,表示产生某种情绪或状态的原因。链接高考根据汉语提示完成句子(每空一词)并写出画线部分所作的句子成分1.(2020全国I，阅读理解A改编，第)QueenslandRailmakeseveryeffort___________(为确保)trainsrunasscheduled.2.(2020全国I，阅读理解B，)Butremember,it'syouthathastogrowandreadandreread__________________(为了)betterunderstandyourfriends.3.(2020全国I，阅读理解C，)Infact,anyonewishingtotryracewalkingshouldprobablyfirstconsultacoachonexperiencedracer____________(以学习)propertechnique,shesays.4.(2020全国I,阅读理解D,)TheengineersattheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology(MIT)havetakenitastepfurther--changingtheactualcompositionofplants____________(为了)getthemtoperformdiverse,evenunusualfunctions.5.(2020全国Ⅱ,阅读理解A,*)Therearefourfantasticgalleries____________(访问拜访)fromfinearttointeractivefun,sothere'ssomethingforeveryone!6.(2020全国Ⅱ，阅读理解B，黄)Thechildrenwhoplayedwithpuzzlesperformedbetterthanthosewhodidnot,ontasksthatassessedtheirability____________(旋转)andtranslateshapes,"ErLevinesaidinastatement7.(2020全国Ⅱ，七选五）Aneasyway____________(带来)allworkgenerationstogetheriswithachatplatform.8.(2020全国Ⅲ，七选五，)Ahousewarmingpartyisaspecialparty__________________(举办)whensomeonebuysormovesintoanewapartmentorhouse9.(2019课标全国Ⅲ，语法填空，)Whentheywerefreefromwork,theyinvitedustolocaleventsandletusknowofaninterestingcompetition____________(观看)，togetherwiththestorybehindit.10.(2019课标全国Ⅱ，语法填空）Pickingupher“LifetimeAchievement”award,proudIrenedeclaredshehadnoplans______(退休)fromher36-year-oldbusiness.11.(2019课标全国Ⅱ,语法填空，)Irenesaid,“Idon'tseeanyreason__________________(放弃)work.”12.(2019课标全国Ⅲ，语法填空，)Ourhostssharedmanyoftheirexperiencesandrecommendedwonderfulplaces________________(吃)，shop,andvisit.13.(2019课标全国I,阅读理解B，嫩)“Ittakes