2024届河北省邯郸市高三年级下册第三次调研考试英语试题（含解析）

2024届河北省邯郸市高三下学期第三次调研考试英语试题

学校:姓名：班级：考号：

一、阅读理解

Ifyou'relookingforsomefestiveatmosphere,here'spartoftheFloridafestival

calendar.

KumquatFestival,DadeCity,Jan.27

ThedowntowninDadeCityfillswithasmanyas35,000peopleforthisfreeevent

celebratingthetangylittlefruitgrownlocally.Alongwithdozensofboothsandlive

entertainment,ahighlightisenjoyingkumquattreats,fromkumquatpie,kumquatcookiesto

kumquatsalad.

SunnylandBoatFestival,Tavares,Mar.22-24

Thisantiqueandclassicboatfestivalisoneofthelargestclassicwoodboatshowsinthe

countrywithasmanyas250to300restoredancientboatsondisplayinthewaterandalong

onethirdofamileofLakeDorashorelineatWootonParkinTavares,whichisreallyafeast

totheeyeforfree.

SiestaKeySunsculptingFestival,Sarasota,Nov.10-13

TwodozenprofessionalartistscompeteincreatingsculpturesonthegorgeousSiesta

Keybeach.Thosewhobuyticketscanwatchthesculpturestakeshape,viewthemunder

coloredlightsatnight,seedemonstrationsandtakelessons.Thepartyatmosphereincludesa

tentwithfulbar(noticketrequired)andavendor(小贩)village.

ArtBaselMiamiBeach,MiamiBeach,Dec.8-10

ArtBasel,aninternationalartfair,drawstopgalleriesfromaroundtheworldplusthe

richandcelebritiestoSouthFlorida.AfarcryfromthestreetartfestivalsalloverFlorida,

thisisaneventthatisnotcheap-Ticketsstartat$65,Overtheyears,however,avarietyof

satelliteeventshavedeveloped,creatingart-relatedeventsforregularfolks,includingMiami

ArtWeek.

1.WhatcanvisitorsdoattheeventheldinDadeCity?

A.Learnsculpturingskills.B.Tasteaspeciallocalfruit.

C.Setupatentofyourown.D.Competewithprofessionals.

2.WhatdoSiestaKeySunsculptingFestivalandArtBaselMiamiBeachhaveincommon?

A.Theychargeforadmission.B.Theytakeplaceonthesamebeach.

C.Theyaredesignedforartists.D.Theyhavegeneratedsmallerevents.

3.Whichfestivaloffersachancetoreflectonthepastdays?

A.KumquatFestival.B.SunnylandBoatFestival.

C.ArtBaselMiamiBeach.D.SiestaKeySunsculptingFestival.

Afewyearsago,Iaskedaneighborhoodhandymantobuildatree-houseinmybackyard.

Inpart,thiswastosolveaproblem:mychildrenweregoodfriendswiththechildrenwho

livedbesideusandtheylikedtoclimboverthefencethatseparatedthetwoyards.Wecould

havejustputagateintothefence,butIdecidedthatbuildingsomekindofclimbable

structurearoundthelargefirtreeintheyard,whichalsoincludedastaircaseintothe

neighbor'syard,wasamorecreativesolutiontotheproblem,andIlikedtheideathatthe

tree-housewouldalsoservetojointhetwoplayspacestogether.

ThehandymantookthetaskmuchmoreseriouslythanIhadexpected.Hemade

drawings,builtsmallwoodenmodels,andevenheldakindof"visioning“exercisewiththe

childrenandtheirparentstomakesurethathehadn'tmissedanyimportantdetails.Attheend

ofourlengthydiscussions,heasked,4tWherewouldyoulikemetoputthebeerrail?”

ThequestiontookmeabackasIhadn'treallyconsideredthepossibilitythataniceplay

structureinmyyardmightalsofacilitatebeerconsumptionamongtheneighborhoodchildren,

butIquicklytunedintothefactthatourdesignerhadintuitedwhatshouldhavebeenobvious

tome-thechildrenwouldn'tbetheonlyonestotakeadvantageofthisplatformupamongthe

branchesofthebeautifuloldtree.And,indeed,overtheyearsthatIlivedinthathouseI

discoveredthattheplatformmadeaprettygoodperch（栖息处），notonlyfortheoccasional

coldbeer,butalsoforsittinganddreaming,readingabook,enjoyingapicnicorevengetting

somewritingdone.Mychildrenenjoyedclimbingaroundinthetree-house,playingtag,

settingupimaginarypirateshipsandfortresses（城堡），andtheyalsouseditforsomequiet

thinkingandeventheoccasionalmathhomework.Thetreeseemedtobeaparticularlygood

algebratutor.

4.Whydidtheauthorprefertobuildastaircase?

A.Itwouldmakethetree-houselookprettier.

B.Itwouldgivebetterprotectiontothefence.

C.Itwouldbefinishedatlowcost.

D.Itwouldconnecttheneighbor'skidsmoreclosely.

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5.Whatdidtheauthorthinkofbuildinga“beerrair9initially?

A.Itwasoutofdate.B.Itwasunnecessary.

C.Itwasunaffordable.D.Itwastoocomplicated.

6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“intuited“inparagraph3mean?

A.Misunderstood.B.Examined.C.Recognized.D.Proved.

7.Whichcanbestdescribethehandyman?

A.Ambitiousandpersuasive.B.Strictandkind-hearted.

C.Carefulandfar-sighted.D.Humbleandgenerous.

Whydochildrenlearnsoquickly?Isitsimplyanecessity,orisachild'sbrainmore

capableoftakinginnewinformationthananadulfsbrain?

“Itisacommonwayofthinkingthat"childrenarelikesponges5andhavethemagical

abilitytolearnnewskillsfasterthananadult,buttherearesomemisconceptionshere,usaid

DebbieRaven,aresearcherattheUniversityofChester."Achild'scognitive（认知的）

developmentisage-relatedand,naturally,childrenperformworsethantheirolderpeersin

mostareas.However,therearetimeswhenbeingyoungbringsanadvantage,andthisis

especiallytruearoundtheirearliestyears.

Thisadvantageislargelyduetoneuroplasticity,meaningthebrain9sabilitytoformand

changeitsconnections,pathwaysandwiringbasedonexperiences.Neuroplasticityiswhat

giveschildrenthecapacitytolearn-and,ifnecessary,unleam-habits,routines,approachesand

actionsveryquickly.Thisabilityismostconstantandrapidbeforeachild5sfifthbirthday,

whenmuchofwhattheyencounterorexperienceisnovel.uThisabilitytolearnquicklyis

connectedtoseveralareas,includingplasticity,theirexperienceswithadults,their

environment,andtheirbiologicaldrivetoexplore,a<Ravensaid."Childhoodisaplacewhere

childrenspendtheirtimecatchingupwithadults'moresophisticatedabilities."

Languagelearning,inparticular,isanareawherechildrenoftenhaveahugeadvantage

overadults.Thisislargelybecause“babiesareabletotuneintotherhythmandsoundsused

intheirnativelanguage,andcanthereforebecomefluentspeakersbytheageoffour."This

abilitycanhelpyoungchildrenlearnasecondorthirdlanguagewithapparentease,Raven

said.

Inaresearchpaper,theauthorssuggestthat"humanbabiesarebornseeingandhearing

linguisticinformationthatolderchildrenandadultsmiss,althoughtheylosethisabilitywith

moreexperienceintheirenvironments.Moreover,babiescan"'discriminatespeechsounds

andtonesusedinaloftheworld'slanguages,makingthemopentoalinput,regardlessofthe

linguisticenvironmenttheyarebominto.

8.WhydoesRavenmaketheremarksinparagraph2?

A.Toproveanewtheory.B.Tosharepersonalexperience.

C.Tocorrectawrongbelief.D.Tosolvelong-heldconfusion.

9.Whafsonefeatureof"neuroplasticity”?

A.Itenableschildrentobreakahabitquickly.

B.Itaccompaniesapersonallthroughhislife.

C.Itisentirelybasedonakid'spastexperiences.

D.Itdisappearssoonafterachild'sfifthbirthday.

10.Whatimpactskids'quicklearningabilityaccordingtoRaven?

A.Theirbrainstructure.B.Theirhabitsandroutines.

C.Theirparents'experiences.D.Theirinborndesiretoexplore.

11.Whatdoestheauthormainlytalkaboutinthelasttwoparagraphs?

A.Whychildrenaretalentedlanguagelearners.

B.Whataretheproperwaysoflearninglanguages.

C.Whenisthebesttimetolearnforeignlanguages.

D.Howenvironmentscaninfluencelanguagelearning.

''Individualsofallageswhohaveempathy（共情）understandthatsometimestelling

littlewhiteliescanprotectotherpeoplefromgettinghurt,^^saysBarbaraGreenberg,aclinical

psychologistinConnecticut.uMostpeoplethatIhavecomeacrosstelltheselittlewhitelies

becausetheyunderstandthat100percenthonestyallthetimeisnotbeneficial.^^Awhitelie,

sheexplains,sparespeoplefromunnecessaryhurt.

Atthesametime,Dr.JuliaBreur,amarriageandfamilytherapistinFlorida,emphasizes

theimportanceofpayingattentiontothewaywerespondtosomeone.Thefactisthatnot

tellingthetruthcanresultinsomethingunpleasantonyou;ifsnotjustaboutthepersonthe

whitelieisbeingtoldto.Forexample,shesayssomeonewhoalwaystellsothersthat“allis

good^^whenitcomestoasickparentinanefforttoavoiddiscussionsabouthowserioustheir

healthissuereallyis,caneventuallyfacestressfulexperiences.Whenthatparenteventually

passesaway,thepersonwhoalwaysgavean"allisgood^^responseendsupemotionally

试卷第4页，共10页

broken.

Sometimes,tellingwhiteliesoftendependsonthesituation,Dr.Breursays.Forexample,

considerawomanwhohasnotseenhermotherforseveralmonths.Thedaughterhasgained

noticeableweight,yetthemotherrespondsbyexcitedlydeclaringthatshelooksgreat."I

emphasizeduringpsychotherapysessionswithmypatientsthatcontexthelpsdefinemeaning,

Dr.Breursays."Sowhenwelookatthecontextofamothersayingyoulookgreatwhenshe

clearlyseesthatherdaughterhasgainedweight,itcanbeacceptable.Itreflectstheintention

ofthewhiteliewhichiskindness,protectionandunconditionallove.Otherwise,whitelies一

especiallywhentoldtoavoidpersonalaccountability——canstartacycleofmistrustbetween

people,ultimatelycompromisingintegrity,9,sheadds.

Therefore,ifsimportanttoaskourselveswhenitisandisn'tappropriatetodeliverthe

honesttruth,andwhenit'sbesttostepbackandofferamoredelicateresponse.Moreoften

thannot,it'saboutfindingabalancebetweenthetwo.

12.WhatcanbelearnedaboutwhiteliesaccordingtoBarbaraGreenberg?

A.Theyareshort-lived.B.Theyareunidentifiable.

C.Theyaretrouble-making.D.Theyarecommon.

13.WhatmessagedoesDr.Breurdeliverinparagraph2?

A.Whiteliescanharmboththeliarsandthelisteners.

B.Wemustrespondtoourfamilymemberstruthfully.

C.It'swrongtotellwhiteliestoaseriouslyillparent.

D.The“allisgood^^responseiseffectiveindealingwithpatients.

14.WhatisDr.Breur'sattitudetowardsthemother'spracticeinparagraph3?

A.Uncaring.B.Critical.C.Supportive.D.Doubtful.

15.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?

A.EastorWest,WhiteLiesAretheBest

B.ThinkTwiceBeforeYouTellWhiteLies

C.WhiteLiesSignifyUnconditionalLove

D.WhiteLiesAreEmpatheticPeople'sFavorableChoice

Campingisn'tthesamewithoutafireandinfact,manycampsitesevenallowtheuseof

oneaslongasyouremainresponsibleandeco-friendly.Asdaylightdisappears,there5s

nothingquitelikeacampfiretoseeyouthroughtheeveningandintothenight.

Remember,campfirescanbefunaslongasyouputsomecommonsenseintoyour

practice.16Ifyou'reafirst-timertothewholecampfirescene,orsimplywantto

knowhowtogetyourfireblazinginnotimeatall,we'vegotsomegreattipstohelpyou.

•Choosetherightlocation.Withanycampfireifsimportanttoselectalocationthafs

safe.Preferablyyou'dkeepawayfromareaswithoverhangingbranchesanddryundergrowth.

17

•Usedrywood.Ifyourwoodlogsarewetordamp,you'llreallystruggletogetanyfire

going.Therefore,storethewoodinadryplaceandkeepyourmatchestuckedawayina

Ziplocbag.

•Buildupfromsmallbeginnings.18You'llneedtostartsmallandgettheblaze

goingwithfirelighters,kindlingornewspapers.Onlythencanyoustarttoapplylargerwood

logs.

•19Don'taddthelargerlogsontooquickly,asthiscanstifle(抑制)thefireand

seeyoureffortswastedatthefirsthurdle.

•Remembertoputthefireout.Afteryousataroundthecampfire,enjoyinggreat

conversationandsomelight-heartedgames,you'llneedtoputthefireout.20Instead,

letthefirediedownandpourwaterorshovelearthonasrequired.

A.Avoidrushingtheprocess.

B.Don'tputallyoureggsinonebasket.

C.Agreatcampfiretakestimeandpatience.

D.Nevergotobedbelievingasmokingfiresafe.

E.Youmightcomeacrossavarietyofproblems.

F.Alsomakesurenottobuildyourfiretoonearanytents.

G.Campingisafantasticexperienceforpeopleofallages.

二、完形填空

Iwasstrugglingearlierintheyear,eventhoughFma(n)21personbynature.

Theentireworldseemedtohavecometoastopallofasudden.Iwas22withworry

aboutmyfamilyandpayingthebills,andwhetherlifewouldeverbethesameagain.

Then,oneeveningIwentoutsideand23.Theskywasdarkandthestarswere

shiningsobrightlythatIalmostheldmybreath.AsIstoodunderthatsplendidceiling,Iwas

试卷第6页，共10页

filledwith24.

Ireallywantedtofindoutmoreaboutthem.Suddenly,IrememberedI'd25an

apponmyphoneacoupleofmonthsearlier,which26allthestarsandplanets.

Togetherwithmydaughters,Iracedtotheupstairs,wherewehadaperfect27ofthe

nightsky.Usingtheapp,wewereexcitedto28thatbrightwhitestarhangingoverthe

horizonwasVenus.ThenwelookedpastBetelguese,adyingredsupergiantstar700times

thesizeofEarth,andmanymore.29,theworldnolongerseemedlikeanunfamiliar

place.It30methattheEarthhadbeenaroundfor4.5billionyearsandhad

experiencedthingsmuchmore31.Thatrealization32broughtmy

worriesintoamuchbroaderperspective（日艮界）.

Plus,thattwinklingnightskywasjustsobeautiful-Ifelthappierandcalmerjust

lookingatit.Itbecameour33tositatthewindoweveryevening,gazingatthe

stars.Notonlydidithelpus34thereality,butforhalfanhoureachdaywegotto

35outsideourfourwalls.

21.A.optimisticB.patientC.independentD.considerate

22.A.combinedB.questionedC.consumedD.impressed

23.A.pulledoverB.lookedupC.headedoffD.calmeddown

24.A.wonderB.prideC.anxietyD.guilt

25.A.designedB.downloadedC.advertisedD.tested

26.A.reflectsB.connectsC.measuresD.identifies

27.A.viewB.memoryC.recordD.example

28.A.explainB.imagineC.discoverD.indicate

29.A.BythewayB.AtfirstsightC.AtthatmomentD.Byallmeans

30.A.benefitedB.warnedC.challengedD.struck

31.A.informalB.flexibleC.conventionalD.dramatic

32.A.constantlyB.instantlyC.secretlyD.randomly

33.A.regretB.routineC.adventureD.responsibility

34.A.describeB.ignoreC.stressD.face

35.A.trainB.gatherC.travelD.recover

三、语法填空

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Chinaproducesandusessomuchbamboothatthecountryissometimesreferredto

36theBambooKingdom.40%ofallknownbamboospeciesintheworldaregrownin

China,soifsnot37(astonish)thatChinagrowsmorebamboothananyothercountry

intheworld.Today,roughlyonefifthoftheglobalsupplyofbambooisgrowninChina,with

SichuanandFujian38(be)theprovinceswiththelargesttotalareaofbamboo

cultivation.

Bambooisoneof39fastest-growingplantsonearth.Althoughsometypesof

bamboocangrowtobealmost35metersinheight,youmaybesurprisedtolearnthat

bamboois40(actual)atypeofgrassratherthanatree.

IntraditionalChineseculture,bamboo,plumblossoms,orchids(兰)，and

chrysanthemums(菊)formagroup41iscalledtheFourGentlemen.Eachmemberof

thegroupisused42(represent)someaspectofthecharacterofanidealperson.Inthe

caseofthebamboo,itservesasanemblem(象征)ofmodestyandmental43(strong).

Alongwiththepineandplumblossom,bambooalsosometimes44(appear)as

partoftheThreeFriendsofWinter.Eachofthesethreeplants45(admire)forits

abilitytoremainfirmandfreshwhentheweatherturnscold.

四、书信写作

46.假定你是李华，你班上周末组织了一次登山活动，你的英国笔友Darren想了解相关

情况。请给他写一封邮件，内容包括：

1.旅行前准备；

2.活动开展情况。

注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右；

2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

DearDarren,

LastSundayIwenttrekkingonthenearbyhillswithmyclassmates.

试卷第8页，共10页

Yourstruly,

LiHua

五、书面表达

47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

rdliketosharewithyouafunnyincidentthatoccurredalmost4yearsago.

Iwasan8thgraderathighschool.Oneday,theteachergaveusagroupassignmentand

wewenttosomelibrariesafterclasstocollectdata.Intheevening,Ifoundthatmygroup

memberswerecomplainingthattheywerehungryandneededtohavesomefood.

Togetherweenteredarestaurantnearby.Whenthewaiterapproachedourtable,oneof

myclassmatesmadeanorderdirectlywithoutevenlookingatthemenu.Andafterwewere

donewithourfood,aclassmateaskedthegroupleadertopaythebill.Thegroupleaderwas

surprisedashehadnotofferedthemealandsaidthathedidnothavethemoneytopaythe

bill.Iaskedthewaitertobringthebillandwewereshockedtoseetheamount.Itwasmuch

morethanwehadexpected.Thoughwewereabitworried,westartedlaughingandenjoying

thewholething.Atthismoment,agroupmembersuggestedwecollectallofourmoneyto

paythebill.Wesearchedourwallets,pocketsandbagsformoney.Thereweresomanycoins

therethatwehadtocount2-3times.Butunfortunately,thetotalamountwasstillnotenough

topaythebill.

Asthesceneunfolded,theatmosphereshiftedfromcasuallaughtertoasharedsenseof

responsibility.Realizingthegravityofthesituation,Isteppedupanddecidedtoexplainour

situationtothemanager,hopingforsomeunderstandingorperhapsawaytoworkouta

paymentplan.Toourrelief,themanagerkindlylistenedtoourstory.Seeingourgenuine

effortstoresolvetheissue,heagreedtoletuspaywhatwehadcollectedandarrangeforthe

resttobesettledlater.

注意：1.续写词数应为150个左右；

2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

Welefttherestaurantwithemptywalletsbutlighthearts.

Thisincidentservedasareminderforbetterteamworkinthefuture.

试卷第10页，共10页

参考答案:

1.B2.A3.B

【导语】

本文是一篇应用文。如果你想寻找一些节日气氛，这里是佛罗里达州节日日历的一部分。本

文主要介绍了四个佛罗里达州的节日。

1.细节理解题。根据KumquatFestival,DadeCity,Jan.27部分的"Alongwithdozensof

boothsandliveentertainment,ahighlightisenjoyingkumquattreats,fromkumquatpie,kumquat

cookiestokumquatsalad.（除了数十个展位和现场娱乐外，一个亮点是享用金桔美食，从金桔

派、金桔饼干到金桔沙拉。户可知，在戴德市举行的活动中，游客可以品尝当地特色水果金

桔。故选Bo

2.细节理解题。根据SiestaKeySunsculptingFestival,Sarasota,Nov.10-13部分的“Those

whobuyticketscanwatchthesculpturestakeshape,viewthemundercoloredlightsatnight,see

demonstrationsandtakelessons.（买票的人可以观看雕塑的成型，晚上在彩灯下观看，观看演

示和上课。）”和ArtBaselMiamiBeach,MiamiBeach,Dec.8-10部分的"Afarcryfromthe

streetartfestivalsalloverFlorida,thisisaneventthatisnotcheap-Ticketsstartat$65.（与佛罗里

达州各地的街头艺术节相去甚远，这是一个不便宜的活动。门票起价65美元。）”可知，Siesta

KeySunscomptingFestival和ArtBaselMiamiBeach都收取入场费。故选Ao

3.推理判断题。根据SunnylandBoatFestival,Tavares,Mar.22-24部分的"Thisantiqueand

classicboatfestivalisoneofthelargestclassicwoodboatshowsinthecountrywithasmanyas

250to300restoredancientboatsondisplayinthewaterandalongonethirdofamileofLake

DorashorelineatWootonParkinTavares,whichisreallyafeasttotheeyeforfree.（这个古老而

经典的船节是该国最大的经典木船展之一，在塔瓦雷斯的伍顿公园，有多达250至300艘修

复的古船在水中和三分之一英里的多拉湖海岸线上展出，这真的是一场免费的盛宴。户可知，

SunnylandBoatFestival提供了一个反思过去日子的机会。故选B。

4.D5.B6.C7.C

【导语】

这是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲述作者在后院建一个树屋方便孩子和邻居家的孩子玩耍的故事。

4.细节理解题。根据第一段中“butIdecidedthatbuildingsomekindofclimbablestructure

答案第1页，共12页

aroundthelargefirtreeintheyard,whichalsoincludedastaircaseintotheneighbor'syard,wasa

morecreativesolutiontotheproblem,andIlikedtheideathatthetree-housewouldalsoserveto

jointhetwoplayspacestogether（但我决定在院子里的大冷杉树周围建造一些可攀爬的结构，

其中还包括通往邻居院子的楼梯，这是一个更有创意的解决方案，我喜欢这个想法，树屋也

可以将两个玩耍空间连接在一起）”可知，作者选择建一个楼梯是因为这更有创意，将两个玩

耍空间连接在一起，方便两家孩子玩耍，故选D。

5.推理判断题。根据第三段中"ThequestiontookmeabackasIhadn'treallyconsideredthe

possibilitythataniceplaystructureinmyyardmightalsofacilitatebeerconsumptionamongthe

neighborhoodchildren（这个问题让我吃了一惊，因为我并没有真正考虑到在我的院子里建一

个漂亮的游戏结构可能也会促进邻居孩子们喝啤酒的可能性）”可知，作者一开始没有考虑在

院子里建一个漂亮的游戏结构可能也会促进邻居孩子们喝啤酒的可能性，由此推知作者一开

始认为没有必要建啤酒横杆，故选B。

6.词句猜测题。根据第二段中“Attheendofourlengthydiscussions,heasked,"Wherewould

youlikemetoputthebeerrail?，（在我们漫长的讨论结束时，他问我：’你想让我把啤酒横杆放

在哪里？'）"和划线词下文“thechildrenwouldn'tbetheonlyonestotakeadvantageofthis

platformupamongthebranchesofthebeautifuloldtree（孩子们不会是唯一利用这个位于美丽

的老树的树枝上的平台）”可知，勤杂工问作者把啤酒横杆建在哪里，说明他意识到了孩子们

不会是唯一使用这个平台的人，intuited意为“知道，意识到"，故选C。

7.推理判断题。根据第二段中“ThehandymantookthetaskmuchmoreseriouslythanIhad

expected.（这个勤杂工对待这项工作比我预料的要认真得多）”和第三段中“butIquicklytuned

intothefactthatourdesignerhadintuitedwhatshouldhavebeenobvioustome（但我很快就意

识到，我们的设计师已经凭直觉发现了一个对我来说应该很明显的事实）”可知，这名勤杂工

做事认真，且从长远角度发现了一个作者忽视的事实，颇有远见，故选C。

8.C9.A10.D11.A

【导语】

本文是一篇说明文。主要分析了孩子们学得快的原因，并解释了孩子为什么在语言学习领域

有天赋。

8.推理判断题。根据第二段中的“"Itisacommonwayofthinkingthat"childrenarelikesponges5

andhavethemagicalabilitytolearnnewskillsfasterthananadult,buttherearesome

答案第2页，共12页

misconceptionshere,“saidDebbieRaven,aresearcherattheUniversityofChester.41Achild's

cognitive（认知的）developmentisage-relatedand,naturally,childrenperformworsethantheir

olderpeersinmostareas.（切斯特大学的研究员黛比・拉文说：“人们普遍认为，，孩子就像海绵二

有比成年人更快地学习新技能的神奇能力，但这里也存在一些误解。孩子的认知发展与年龄

有关，理所当然地，孩子在大多数领域的表现都比年长的同龄人差。）”可知，研究员黛比・拉

文发表评论是为了纠正一个错误的信仰——孩子有比成年人更快地学习新技能的神奇能力。

而实际上孩子的认知发展与年龄有关。故选C。

9.细节理解题。根据第三段中的"Neuroplasticityiswhatgiveschildrenthecapacitytolearn-and,

ifnecessary,unleam-habits,routines,approachesandactionsveryquickly.（神经可塑性使儿童有

能力学习，并在必要时迅速忘记习惯、惯例、方法和行动。）”可知，“神经可塑性”的一个特

点是它能使孩子们很快改掉一个习惯。故选A。

10.细节理解题。根据第三段中的“"Thisabilitytolearnquicklyisconnectedtoseveralareas,

includingplasticity,theirexperienceswithadults,theirenvironment,andtheirbiologicaldriveto

explore,“Ravensaid.（拉文说：“这种快速学习的能力与几个方面有关，包括可塑性、与成年

人相处的经历、环境和天生的探索动力。）”可知，拉文认为，孩子与生俱来的探索欲望影响

了孩子的快速学习能力。故选D。

11.主旨大意题。根据倒数第二段中的"Languagelearning,inparticular,isanareawhere

childrenoftenhaveahugeadvantageoveradults.Thisislargelybecause…（尤其是在语言学习

领域，儿童往往比成年人具有巨大优势。这在很大程度上是因为……厂以及最后一段的“Ina

researchpaper,theauthorssuggestthat“humanbabiesarebomseeingandhearinglinguistic

informationthatolderchildrenandadultsmiss,althoughtheylosethisabilitywithmore

experienceintheirenvironments.（在一篇研究论文中，作者提出，“人类婴儿在出生时就看到

和听到了年龄较大的儿童和成年人错过的语言信息，尽管他们在环境中有了更多的经验后就

失去了这种能力。广可知，作者在最后两段主要讲到为什么孩子在语言学习领域往往比成年

人具有巨大优势，即为什么孩子是有天赋的语言学习者。故选A。

12.D13.A14.C15.B

【导语】

本文是一篇议论文。主要阐述了善意的谎言可以让人们免受不必要的伤害，但有时候，善意

的谎言往往取决于具体情况。因此，重要的是要问问自己，什么时候说实话是合适的，什么

答案第3页，共12页

时候不合适，什么时候最好退一步，做出更微妙的回应。要在两者之间找到平衡。

12.细节理解题。根据第一段中的""MostpeoplethatIhavecomeacrosstelltheselittlewhitelies

becausetheyunderstandthat100percenthonestyallthetimeisnotbeneficial.a6Awhitelie,she

explains,sparespeoplefromunnecessaryhurt.。我遇到的大多数人都会说善意的谎言，因为他

们明白，一直100%的诚实是无益的。'她解释说，善意的谎言可以让人们免受不必要的伤害

可知，根据芭芭拉・格林伯格的说法，善意的谎言很常见。故选D。

13.细节理解题。根据第二段中的"Atthesametime,Dr.JuliaBreur,amarriageandfamily

therapistinFlorida,emphasizestheimportanceofpayingattentiontothewaywerespondto

someone.Thefactisthatnottellingthetruthcanresultinsomethingunpleasantonyou;ifsnot

justaboutthepersonthewhitelieisbeingtoldto.（与此同时,佛罗里达州的婚姻和家庭治疗师

JuliaBreur博士强调了关注我们回应他人的重要性。事实是，不说实话会让你感到不愉快；

不仅仅是谎言的对象感到不愉快。）”可知，善意的谎言给说谎者和听者都会带来伤害。故选

Ao

14.推理判断题。根据第三段中的“"Iemphasizeduringpsychotherapysessionswithmypatients

thatcontexthelpsdefinemeaning,9,Dr.Breursays."Sowhenwelookatthecontextofamother

sayingyoulookgreatwhensheclearlyseesthatherdaughterhasgainedweight,itcanbe

acceptable.Itreflectstheintentionofthewhiteliewhichiskindness,protectionandunconditional

love.Otherwise,whitelies-especiallywhentoldtoavoidpersonalaccountability-canstarta

cycleofmistrustbetweenpeople,ultimatelycompromisingintegrity,sheadds.（Breur说：'在心'

理治疗过程中，我和病人强调，情境有助于定义意义。’她补充道：’所以，当我们看到一位

母亲清楚地看到女儿长胖了，却说你看起来很棒时，这是可以接受的。它反映了善意谎言的

意图，即善意、保护和无条件的爱。否则，善意的谎言——尤其是为了逃避个人责任而撒的

谎言——会引发人与人之间不信任的循环，最终损害诚信。’户可知，Breur博士对第3段中

母亲的做法持支持态度，他认为它反映了善意谎言的意图，即善意、保护和无条件的爱。故

选C。

15.主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其根据最后一段中的“Therefore,it'simportanttoaskourselves

whenitisandisn'tappropriatetodeliverthehonestt