高考英语大一轮复习 限时规范练14 Unit 4 Astronomy the science of the stars 新人教版必修3-新人教版高三必修3英语试题

限时规范练14Unit4Astronomythescienceofthestars核心素养关键词:培养学生人与科学、关注前沿科技的素养能力意识一、阅读理解ASomenewcometshavebeendiscoveredaccidentallybyamateurastronomers.Surprisinglyafewbrightcometshavebeendiscoveredwiththenakedeye(肉眼)bymembersofthegeneralpublic.However,agreatnumberofcometsarefoundbycomethunterscarryingouttelescopesearchesofchosenareasofthenightsky.AsthemovementofallcometsisdirectedaroundtheSunandbecausethesebodiesbrightenastheymovetowardstheSun,thereisagreaterpossibilityforthediscoveryofanewcometintheskiestowardstheSunratherthanawayfromtheSun’sdirection.Thismeansthatsearchesshouldbeputonthewesternskyaftereveninglightandontheeasternskybeforemorninglight.Fromtheastronomicalpointthereisnotimeduringtheyearwhichisthebestforthediscoveryofnewcomets.AsearchcanbedoneatanytimeprovidingthereisnobrightMoon.Studiesdoneonthediscoveryconditionsofcometsdiscoveredbeforeshowthatmorecometshavebeendiscoveredinthemorningskythanintheeveningsky.Thusthesmartcomethuntershouldmakesurethatmorningactivityreceivesasmuchasifnotmoreattentionthaneveningeffort.Inrecenttimes,theuseofadvancedCCDtechnologytodiscoverobjectsclosetotheEarthwillinthefuturegreatlyreducethechancesofnewcometsbeingfoundwithsmalltelescopes.AnexampleofthenewtechnologyistheverysuccessfulLINEARprogramoperatinginNewMexico.However,untilasimilarsystemisbasedinthesouthernhalfoftheEarththerewillcontinuetobechancesforthediscoveryofnewcometswhichcomefromthesouth.1.Whatarecomethuntersadvisedtodo?A.LookawayfromtheSun.B.Staywherethere’sbrightlight.C.Facethewesternskyinthedaytime.D.Turntotheeastintheearlymorning.2.Whatdoweknowaboutthetimeforthediscoveryofnewcomets?A.Dayswhenthey’reclosetotheEartharegreatchances.B.Certainfixeddaysarebestforwatchingcomets.C.Everydayisthesameifthere’snobrightMoon.D.DayswiththeMoonshouldneverbemissed.3.Whichofthefollowingisasmartideaforcomethunters?A.Payingmoreattentioninthemorningthanintheafternoon.B.Beingequallyseriousbothinthemorningandafternoon.C.Beingmorerelaxedinthemorningthanintheafternoon.D.Formingahabitofworkingonlyinthemorning.4.WhatcanbeinferredabouttheCCDtechnology?A.It’ssimilartoatelescope.B.It’lldisappointcomethunters.C.It’sspreadingallovertheworld.D.It’llmakecomethuntersfeellucky.BItdoesn’tmatterhowyouchoosetoliveyourlife—whateveryoudo,someonewilljudgeyou.Withthatinmind,let’stalkaboutbeingjudgedandcriticized.WhenIstartedwriting,itwasn’tthehurtfulcriticismfromreadersthatpreventedmefromgettingstarted.ItwasmyworriesaboutwhattheywouldthinkifIwroteaboutthethingsIcaredabout.IwrotemyideasinaprivatedocumentforayearbeforeIworkedupthecouragetostartsharingthempublicly.Usually,haterssimplycriticizeandmoveon.Andthatmeansthatyoucansafelyignorethemandcontinuedoingyourthing.Butthatiseasiersaidthandonebecauseweallliketobevalidated.Somepeoplelikeitmorethanothers,buteveryonewantstoberespectedandappreciatedtosomedegree.Icertainlydo.IknowthatwheneverIchoosetotakeariskandsharemyworkwiththeworld,Iwonderabouthowthepeoplearoundmewillseemebecauseofthatchoice.Willthishelpmyfame?Willthishurtmyfame?ShouldIevenbeworryingaboutmyfame?Finally,Idecidedthatitwasmoreimportanttocontributesomethingtotheworldthanitwastoprotectmyselffromcriticism.Thetruthaboutcriticismisthatit’salmostalwaysinyourhead.Itisnaturalformostpeopletoholdontonegativecriticism.Accordingtoaresearchpapertitled“BadIsStrongerThanGood”byRoyBaumeisterandresearchersatFloridaStateUniversity,wearemorelikelytoremembernegativecriticismthanpraise.Baumeisterfoundthatevenhappypeoplearemorelikelytoremembermorenegativeeventsthanpositiveones.Infact,Baumeisterandhisteamsaythatwhenitcomestoyourbrain,ittakesaboutfivepositiveeventstomakeupforonenegativeone.5.Whatpreventedtheauthorfromgettingstartedonwriting?A.Herownfears.B.Herlackofexperience.C.People’sjudgmentonherworks.D.People’sdifferentopinionsonwriting.6.Whichwordcanbestreplacetheunderlinedword“validated”inParagraph4?A.Judged. B.Helped.C.Studied. D.Praised.7.WhatkindoffeelingdothequestionsinParagraph4show?A.Shock. B.Worry.C.Regret. D.Sadness.8.WhatcanbelearnedfromRoyBaumeister’sresearch?A.Weshouldtrytoavoidnegativeevents.B.Criticismcanbringaboutpositiveinfluence.C.Weremembernegativecriticismmorestrongly.D.Criticismhelpspeopleknowmoreaboutthemselves.二、完形填空Doyouliketalkingorworkingtogetherwithyourparents?Itgoeswithoutsayingthattherearemany1inwhichyoungpeoplecan2theoldergeneration.Inboththeirworkandtheirprivatelives,youngsterscangetalotfromthe3oftheirelders.

Asforwork,theoldergenerationcan4howyoungpeoplecanachievethecareerthey5.Forexample,theycan6whattodoinordertodeveloptheskillsthatwillgiveyoungpeoplethebestchanceofsuccess.Theymay7beabletogiveinvaluableadviceastowhich8youngpeopleshouldtakeornottake.Itmayevenbethecasethattheolderpersonwillbeabletoasktheirfriendstohelptheyoungeronefinda9.

Olderpeoplemayalsobeabletousethe10oftheirownlifeexperiencetohelpyoungpeoplewithadviceon11.Itcanhappenthatolderpeoplewishtheyhadacted12intheirownrelationships,sotheymaywishtoencourageyoungsterstoavoidsimilar13.Ifyoungpeoplearepreparedtolistentothiskindof14,itmaywellprove15forthem.

Ofthetwo16oflifediscussedabove,Ithinkyoungpeoplecanlearnmorefromtheoldergenerationinthefieldof17.Afterall,norelationshipisthesame,18whatmightbe19inonesituationmightnotinanother.Adviceoncareersismorelikelytobe20inavarietyofdifferingsituations.

1.A.places B.waysC.styles D.habits2.A.hearof B.lookafterC.learnfrom D.talkabout3.A.joy B.experienceC.kindness D.courage4.A.decide B.predictC.change D.explain5.A.dreamof B.believeinC.giveaway D.giveup6.A.choose B.requireC.plan D.suggest7.A.also B.neverC.instead D.only8.A.vacation B.examC.job D.subject9.A.role B.hobbyC.position D.task10.A.difficulty B.introductionC.improvement D.advantage11.A.travels B.relationshipsC.education D.housework12.A.unusually B.differentlyC.quickly D.patiently13.A.questions B.accidentsC.conversations D.mistakes14.A.answer B.storyC.advice D.promise15.A.normal B.helpfulC.enough D.impossible16.A.fields B.rulesC.events D.patterns17.A.study B.workC.sport D.art18.A.but B.ifC.because D.so19.A.simple B.hardC.special D.right20.A.given B.noticedC.followed D.found三、短文改错WhenIwasyoung,myfamilymovedaroundalot,butIwenttolotsofdifferentschoolsandmeetpeoplefromdifferentplacesandbackgrounds.Ithinkofthatexperiencegavemealotofcommunicationskills.I’magoodlistener,andI’mgoodathelppeoplegetonwitheachother.Itprovestobeing,ofcourse,reallyusefullyatwork.Forthelasttwoyears,I’vebeenrunningasocialclubwithsomeofmyfriend.It’saclubforelderlypeople,payingforbythegovernment.Ofcourse,Iusemycommunicationskillsthere.Ithinkbeingagoodcommunicatorisimportantpartofmanagement,maybethemoreimportantofall.参考答案限时规范练14(必修3Unit4)一、【篇章导读】本文是说明文。文章介绍了观测彗星的要领。一些业余的天文学爱好者发现了一些彗星。甚至一些普通大众也能通过肉眼观察到彗星,但大多数彗星都是在夜空中通过天文望远镜观察到的。1.D细节理解题。由第二段中的“Thismeansthatsearchesshouldbeputonthewesternskyaftereveninglightandontheeasternskybeforemorninglight.”可知,早晨太阳出来之前应观测东面的天空。2.C细节理解题。由第三段中的“AsearchcanbedoneatanytimeprovidingthereisnobrightMoon.”可知,只要没有月亮,每一天对彗星猎人来说都一样可以观测。3.B推理判断题。由第四段中的“Thusthesmartcomethuntershouldmakesurethatmorningactivityreceivesasmuchasifnotmoreattentionthaneveningeffort.”可知,早晚观测彗星应该投入一样的精力。4.B推理判断题。由最后一段中的“Inrecenttimes,theuseofadvancedCCDtechnologytodiscoverobjectsclosetotheEarthwillinthefuturegreatlyreducethechancesofnewcometsbeingfoundwithsmalltelescopes.”可知,这种技术降低了彗星猎人成功的概率,他们应该会感到有些失望。【篇章导读】本文是议论文。对于批评,我们的恐惧和难以释怀是正常的,但是我们需要忽略它们继续前行。5.A细节理解题。由第二段中的“ItwasmyworriesaboutwhattheywouldthinkifIwroteaboutthethingsIcaredabout.”可知答案。6.D词义猜测题。由下一句中的“everyonewantstoberespectedandappreciatedtosomedegree”可知,每个人都希望被尊重、赞扬和认可,因此画线词可以替换为praised(赞扬)。7.B推理判断题。这三个问题是作者在内心问自己的。每个人都想获得他人的肯定,维护自己的声誉,作者也不例外,因此会担心自己的决定影响自己的声誉。8.C细节理解题。由最后一段中的“wearemorelikelytoremembernegativecriticismthanpraise”可知答案。二、【篇章导读】本文是议论文。年轻人可以从上一辈人身上学到很多东西。1.B由下文年轻人可以在工作和人际关系上从上一辈人身上学到很多东西可知,此处表示在很多“方面(ways)”。2.C由下文第二、三段可知,年轻人在工作和人际关系上可以向上一辈人“学习(learnfrom)”。3.B第三段中的theirownlifeexperience对本空有提示。