安徽省马鞍山市2023-2024学年高二年级下册开学考试英语试题

2023-2024学年高二下学期开学素质测试

英语试卷

第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分）

第一节（共5小题，每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）

听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,

并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话，你有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍

1.WhatkindofTVprogramsdoesthemanlike?

A.Quizshows.B.Documentaries.C.Situationedies.

2.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?

A.Inanoffice.B.Inarestaurant.C.Inaconveniencestore.

3.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?

A.Theweather.B.Theplanfortomorrow.C.Writingskills.

4.Whenwillthespeakersgotowatchthematch?

A.At7:00.B.At7:30.C.At8:00.

5.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?

A.Taxidriverandpassenger.

B.Shopassistantandcustomer.

C.Bossandsecretary.

第二节（共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）

听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中

选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，

每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。

6.WhywillSarahgotothemarket?

A.Togetaclock.B.Togetarecord.C.Togetabirthdaycake.

7.WhatdoweknowaboutSarah?

A.Sheisn'tfamiliarwiththesurroundings.

B.Shewillgotothemarketwiththeman.

C.Shehasneverbeentothemarket.

听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。

8.HowdidJackspendthesummervacation?

A.Takingaparttimejob.B.Travelingaround.C.Studyingalot.

9.WhatisMs.WellingtonlikeaccordingtoJack?

A.She'seasygoing.B.She'sstrict.C.She'scareless.

10WhatisJack'simpressiononMs.Wellington?

A.Herexamsweredifficult.

B.Herclasswasveryboring.

C.Shegavestudentslotsofwork.

听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。

11.Whatdoesthewomanadvisethemantodo?

A.Usetheredcolor.B.Paintthewallsagain.C.Buyanewsofa.

12.Whenwillthemanbuythepaintings?

A.Tomorrow.B.Thisweekend.C.Today.

13.Whatcolorwouldthemanliketopaintthewall?

A.Freshcolors.B.Softcolors.C.Darkcolors.

听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。

14.WhyisthemangoingtotheStates?

A.Tovisitplacesofinterest.B.Tostudyatauniversity.C.Toattendaconference.

15.Whatdoesthemanshowtothewoman?

A.Hiscertifications.B.Theletterofinvitation.C.Anadmissionletterfromauniversity.

16.WhendoesthemanplantoleaveforAmerica?

A.OnJanuary5th.B.OnJanuary10th.C.OnJanuary15th.

17.Whatisthemandoing?

A.Applyingforapassport.B.Conductinganinterview.C.Holdingameeting.

听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。

18.Whatarebothlivechatroomsandmessageboardsgoodfor?

A.Accuracy.B.Fluency.C.Patience.

19.Whatshouldanactivelistenerdo?

ARecordallmaterials.B.Writedownnewwords.C.Dogrouppracticing.

20.Whatisthespeaker'slastsuggestion?

A.Visitawebsite.

B.Practicelisteningafterclass.

C.Doexercisesinthetextbook.

第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）

第一节（共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

A

GrandCanyonNationalPark

LocatedinnorthernArizona,theparkcovers277milesoftheColoradoRiverandnearbyuplands.Oneofthe

mostawesomeexamplesoferosion（侵蚀）intheworld,GrandCanyonisunmatchedintheinparableviewit

offerstovisitors.

ParkOpeningsandClosings

TheVillageandDesertViewontheSouthRimareopenallyearandparkentrancesremainopen24hoursa

day.NorthRimfacilitiesopenmidMayandclosemidOctober.Parkentrancesremainopen24hoursadayduring

thistime.Hoursforvisitorcentersandbusinessesvarythroughouttheyear.

ParkInformation

Accessibility

Theterrain（地形

ParkEntranceFees

Sustainability

1.Peoplewithphysicaldisabilitiescanfinddetailedinformationonparkfacilitiesdesignedforthemby

visiting.

A.B.

C.D.

2.WhatistheadmissionfeeifyouandyourparentsplantogoonasixdayvacationtoGrandCanyonNational

Parkbydrivingacar?

A.$95.B.$60.C.$35.D.$70.

3.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaccordingtothepassage?

A.Visitorshaveyearroundaccesstoeverycomerofthenationalpark.

B.HikerswhocanonlyspeakChinesecannotexploretheNorthRimwithoutaguide.

C.VisitorsareforbiddentoleaveanytrashintheNationalParktomaintainsustainability.

D.TheGrandCanyonfeaturesisoneoftheworld'smostvisuallybreathtakinglandscapes.

【答案】l.A2.C3.D

【解析】

【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了GrandCanyonNationalPark的相关信息，包括公园的位置、

覆盖范围、公园的开放和关闭时间、公园的信息、可达性、入园费用以及可持续性等方面。

【1题详解】

细节理解题。根据文章"Accessibility”部分中的“Theterrain（地形）isruggedwithnarrow,rockytrailsand

steepcliffs.Visitorsusingwheelchairsorhavingvisualdisabilitiesmayneedassistance.Formoreinformation

aboutaccessibilityinGrandCanyonNationalPark,see/lrtxl2.（地形崎岖，有狭窄的岩石小径和陡峭

的悬崖。使用轮椅或有视力障碍的访客可能需要帮助。欲了解大峡谷国家公园的更多信息，请访问。）”可

知，残障人士可以访问了解为他们设计的公园设施的详细信息。故选A。

【2题详解】

推理判断题。根据文章"ParkEntranceFees”部分中的"Admissiontotheparkus$35perprivatevehicle;$30

permotorcycle;and$20perpersonenteringtheparkthroughGrandCanyonRailway,parkshuttlebus,walking,or

ridingabicycle.Thepasscanbeusedforsevendaysandincludesbothrims.（每辆私家车入园门票35美元；每辆

摩托车30元；通过大峡谷铁路、公园班车、步行或骑自行车进入公园每人20美元。该通行证可使用7天，

包括两个轮辆。）”可知，每辆私家车入园门票35美元，且通行证可使用7天。由此可知，如果你和你的父

母计划开车去大峡谷国家公园度假6天，那么费用应为35美元。故选C。

【3题详解】

细节理解题。根据文章第一段"LocatedinnorthernArizona,theparkcovers277milesoftheColoradoRiverand

nearbyuplands.Oneofthemostawesomeexamplesoferosion（侵蚀）intheworld,GrandCanyonisunmatchedin

theinparableviewitofferstovisitors.（该公园位于亚利桑那州北部，覆盖了277英里的科罗拉多河和附近的高

地。大峡谷是世界上最令人敬畏的侵蚀范例之一，它为游客提供了无与伦比的景色。）”可知，大峡谷的风

景是世界上最令人叹为观止的风景之一。故选D。

B

IoncemetayoungwomanwhohaddreamsofswimmingfortheU.SOlympicteam.Shehadtogetupevery

morningat4a.m.toswimfor3hoursbeforegoingtoschool.ShedidnotpartywithherfriendsonSaturdaynight.

Shehadtostudyandkeephergradesup,justlikeeveryoneelse.

WhenIaskedherwhatpelledherwithsuchsuperhumanambitionandsacrifice（牺牲）.Shesimplysaid,“Ido

itformyselfandthepeopleIlove.Ifslovethatgetsmeoverthehurdlesandsacrifices.^^

Areasonorapurposeisabinationof“wants"and"don'twants”.Whenpeopleaskmewhatmyreasonfor

wantingtoberichis,itisabinationofdeepemotional“wants"and"don'twants^^.

Iwilllistafew.Firstthe"don'twants”,fortheycreatethe“wants”.Idon'twanttoworkallmylife.Idon't

wantwhatmyparentsaspiredfor,whichwasjobsecurityandabighouse.Idon'tlikebeinganemployee.Ihatedit

thatmydadalwaysmissedmyfootballgamesbecausehewassobusyworkingonhiscareer.Ihateditwhenmy

dadworkedhardallhislifeandthegovernmenttookmostofwhatheworkedforathisdeath.

Nowthe“wants”.IwanttobefreetotraveltheworldandliveinthelifestyleIlove.Iwanttobeyoungwhen

Idothis.Iwantcontrolovermytimeandmylife.Iwantmoneytoworkforme.

Thosearemydeepseated,emotionalreasons.Whatareyours?Iftheyarenotstrongenough,therealityofthe

roadaheadmaybegreaterthanyourreasons.Ihavelostmoneyandbeensetbackmanytimes,butitwasthedeep

emotionalreasonsthatkeptmestandingupandgoingforward.Iwantedtobefreebyage40,butittookmeuntilI

was47withmanylearningexperiencesalongtheway.

IwishIcouldsayitwaseasy.Itwasn't,butitwasn'thardeither.Butwithoutastrongreasonorpurpose

anythinginlifeishard.

4.Thepassageisstartedby.

A.givinganexampleB.explainingthecauses

C.pointingoutsimilaritiesD.describingthedifferences

5.Theunderlinedword“pelled“inPara.2probablymeans.

A.mittedB.inspiredC.forcedD.bined

6.Weknowfromthepassagethat.

A.the"wants“leadtothe"don'twants"

B.the"wants“efromthe"don'twants^^

C.the"don'twants^^havelittletodowiththe"wants”

D.the"don'twants“aremoreimportantthanthe“wants”

7.WhatcanwelearnfromtheunderlinedsentenceinPara.6?

A.Therealityisgreaterthanthedeepemotionalreasons.

B.Withstrongeremotionalreasons,lifemustbemucheasier.

C.Withdeeperemotionalreasons,theroadaheadislikelytobeharder.

D.Inreality,wemaymeetmanymoreobstacleswithoutdeeperemotionalreasons.

【答案】4.A5.C6.B7,D

【解析】

【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者通过讲述一个年轻女子努力实现自己目标的故事，来表达如果没有

一个强有力的理由或目标，生活中的任何事情都是困难的。

【4题详解】

推理判断题。根据第一段“IoncemetayoungwomanwhohaddreamsofswimmingfortheU.SOlympicteam.

Shehadtogetupeverymorningat4a.m.toswimfor3hoursbeforegoingtoschool.Shedidnotpartywithher

friendsonSaturdaynight.Shehadtostudyandkeephergradesup,justlikeeveryoneelse.（我曾经遇至U过一位年

轻女子，她梦想成为美国奥运代表队的一员。她每天早上4点起床，游泳3个小时后才去上学。星期六晚

上她没有和朋友聚会。她必须学习，保持好成绩，就像其他人一样）”可知，文章以一个年轻女子的故事开

头，所以是举例子开头。故选A项。

【5题详解】

词句猜测题。根据第二段中“Shesimplysaid,“IdoitformyselfandthepeopleIlove.Ifslovethatgetsmeover

thehurdlesandsacrifices."（她只是说，“我这么做是为了我自己和我爱的人。是爱让我克服障碍和牺牲。

可知，此处是年轻女子在解释是什么让她一直坚持，所以前面是作者在问她是什么促使她有如此超人的野

心和牺牲，所以pelled此处是"促使"之意，与forced意思相近。故选C项。

【6题详解】

细节理解题。根据第四段中“Firstthe“don'twants”,fortheycreatethe“wants'/首先是"不想要”,因为它

们创造了“想要“）”可知，“想要”来自“不想要”。故选B项。

【7题详解】

推理判断题。根据第六段中“Ihavelostmoneyandbeensetbackmanytimes,butitwasthedeepemotional

reasonsthatkeptmestandingupandgoingforward.Iwantedtobefreebyage40,butittookmeuntilIwas47

withmanylearningexperiencesalongtheway.（我已经失去了钱，多次被挫败，但正是深层次的情感原因让我

站起来继续前进。我想在40岁时自由，但我直到47岁才实现,一路上有很多学习经历）”以及第七段“Iwish

Icouldsayitwaseasy.Itwasn,t,butitwasn'thardeither.Butwithoutastrongreasonorpurposeanythinginlifeis

hard.（我希望我能说这很容易。不是，但也不难。但如果没有一个强有力的理由或目标，生活中的任何事情

都是困难的）”可知，后文是对划线句子的解释，所以从划线的句子中了解到，在现实中，没有更深层次的

情感原因，我们可能会遇到更多的障碍。故选D项。

C

Poetryisoneoftheimportantartformsofliterature,andisaneasywaytoexpressyourfeelings.Moreover,

everyoneunderstandsitintheirownway.Somefindreliefinpoems;somereadthemsimplyforpeace;someread

poemsforsimpleartisticpleasure.

Therearesomespecialfeaturesofpoetry,whichmakeitquitedifferentfromotherformsofliterature.Firstof

all,poemshaverhythmicpatterns.Generally,mostpartsofapoemfollowthesameformofrhythm.Poemsmay

haverhyme,buttheydon'thaveto.Thelinesareneatlyarrangedtogethersothattheyexpressaparticularfeeling

oremotion.

Therecanbevarioustypesofpoemsbutaccordingtothepatternortheform,therearemainlythreetypes:

Lyrics:Thelyricmainlyconcentratesonhumanthoughtsandemotionsratherthanastory.Lyricsalwaysbear

songlikeappeal.Thesearemainlyshortpoems.Popularlyricpoemformsaretheelegy,theodeandthesonnet.

WilliamShakespeare,EdmundWallerandJohnKeatsaresomeofthegreatestlyricwritersofalltimes.

Narrativepoems:Thistypeofpoetrytellsastory.Narrativepoemsareusuallylongpoems.Epicsandballads

fallunderthistype.SomeofthegreatestepicpoetsareJohnMilton,Dante,EdgarAllanPoe,AlexanderPope,

WilliamShakespeare,etc.

Dramaticpoems:Anydramathatiswritteninverseisadramaticpoem.Thesepoemsgenerallytellastory.

Blackversedramaticmonologuesandclosetdramabelongtothistype.WilliamShakespeare,Christopher

MarloweandBenJonsonaresomeofthegreatdramaticpoets.

Whatevertheformis,onething,which,cannotbedenied,isthatpoetryisoneofthemostpowerfultoolsto

expressourfeelings.

8.Whatdoweknowaboutlyrics?

①Theyaresimilartosongs

②Theyusuallytellstories.

③Theyarenotverylong.

④Thesonnetisatypeoflyric.

A.①②③B.②③④

C.①②④D.①③④

9.Whichofthefollowingbelongstonarrativepoetry?

A.Theelegy.B.Thedramaticmonologue.

C.Theepic.D.Theode.

10.Wecanknowfromthetextthat

A.poemsareweakinshowingfeelings

B.narrativepoemsareshorterthanlyricpoems

C.somepoetswritemorethanonetypeofpoem

D.thesonnetandtheballadbelongtothesametype

11.Thispassageiswrittenmainlyto.

A.tellussomesimplefactsaboutpoetryB.teachushowtowritepoems

C.givesomeadviceonreadingpoemsD.makeusinterestedinpoems

【答案】8.D9.C10.C11.A

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了诗歌的一些特点以及诗歌的几种分类。

【8题详解】

细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Lyrics:Thelyricmainlyconcentratesonhumanthoughtsandemotionsrather

thanastory.Lyricsalwaysbearsonglikeappeal.Thesearemainlyshortpoems.Popularlyricpoemformsarethe

elegy,theodeandthesonnet.WilliamShakespeare,EdmundWallerandJohnKeatsaresomeofthegreatestlyric

writersofalltimes.（抒情诗：抒情主要集中在人的思想和情感，而不是一个故事。抒情诗总是具有歌曲般的

感染力。这些主要是短诗。流行的抒情诗形式是挽歌、颂歌和十四行诗。威廉•莎士比亚、埃德蒙•沃勒

和约翰・济慈都是有史以来最伟大的抒情作家）”可知，抒情诗的特点：表达人的思想和情感；具有歌曲特

点；诗词较短；挽歌、颂歌、十四行诗都属于抒情诗。故选D。

【9题详解】

细节理解题。根据第五段中的“Epicsandballadsfallunderthistype.（史诗和民谣属于这一类）”可知，Epics

和ballads属于叙事诗。故选C。

【10题详解】

推理判断题。第五段叙事诗中“SomeofthegreatestepicpoetsareJohnMilton,Dante,EdgarAllanPoe,

AlexanderPope,WilliamShakespeare,etc.（一些最伟大的史诗诗人是约翰•弥尔顿、但丁、埃德加•爱伦•坡、

亚历山大・波普、威廉・莎士比亚等）”提及到了莎士比亚，第六段戏剧诗中"WilliamShakespeare,

ChristopherMarloweandBenJonsonaresomeofthegreatdramaticpoets.（威廉•莎士比亚、克里斯托弗•马洛

和本・琼森都是伟大的戏剧诗人）”也提及到了他，说明有的诗人不只写一种类型的诗，如莎士比亚。故选

Co

【11题详解】

主旨大意题。本文是一篇说明文，总分总结构。主要向我们介绍了诗的特点、分类等一些基本知识，所以A

选项“tellussomesimplefactsaboutpoetry（告诉我们一些关于诗歌的简单事实）”符合题意。故选A。

D

Noonelikesinterruption.Wearebomtoseekbalanceandorder.Nomatterwhatitisthatyouaredoing,being

interruptedinvolvesaforcefulstopmidwayandthenhavingtoreenteryourpreviousstate,sometimeswithgreat

difficulty.

Popularbeliefhasitthatinterruptionbreakstheflowofyourthinkingandaffectsproductivitynegatively,and

soitisadvisablethatyouhaveanuninterruptedsessionofintensiveworkbeforeyournextbreak.

However,aRussianpsychologist,BlumaZeigarrdk,mighttellyouotherwise.

Theconnectionbetweeninterruptionandmemorycametoherattentionwhenshewasdininginarestaurant.

Shenoticedhowthewaitresseshadanamazingmemoryofthedetailedordersyettobepaidfor,butscarce

memoryoftheordersthatwerealreadypleted.

Backinherlaboratory,sheconductedstudiesinwhichsubjectswererequiredtopletevariouspuzzles.Some

ofthesubjectswereinterruptedduringthetasks.Allthesubjectswerethenaskedtodescribewhattaskstheyhad

done.Itturnsoutthatadultsrememberedtheinterruptedtasks90%betterthanthepletedtasks,andthatchildren

wereevenmorelikelytorecalltheunpletedtasks.Inotherwords,unpletedtaskswillstayonyourminduntilyou

finishthem!

Inparisontotasksthatwerealreadyfinishedandonesthatwehaven'tevenstarted,halftoneprojectsare

giventhepriorityinthementaltodolistourbrainssketchoutforus.Zeigamikdescribedthisfindinginher

doctoralthesis（论文）inthelate1920s,whichwaslatercalledZeigamikeffect.

Onepossibleexplanationisthatwithinterruptedtasks,wearedesperatefortheirclosuretoreclaimasenseof

balance.Finishingthemalsomeansthatwecanfinallyclearupthementalbacklog（积压的工作）andgivethe

spacetomoreupingtasks.

Zeigamik'seffectcanbefoundeverywhere,especiallyusedinmediaandadvertising.Haveyouever

wonderedwhycliffhangersworksowellorwhyyoujustcan'tgetyourselftostopwatchingthatseriesonNetflix?

ErnestHemingwayoncesaidaboutwritinganovel,"Itisthewaituntilthenextdaythatishardtogetthrough.,9

Sonexttime,whenyouareinterrupted,appreciateitandtakeadvantageofittopromoteyourproductivity.

12.Whatisamonpracticetofinishatask?

A.Workinginafocusedperiod.B.Workingwithoccasionalbreaks.

C.Workingwithastopmidway.D.Workinginaninterruptedsession.

13.WhatisthefindingoftheZeigamik'sexperiment?

A.Interruptionrecallsdetails.B.Interruptionbettersmemory.

C.Interruptiondisturbsbalance.D.Interruptionreducesproductivity.

14.WhichofthefollowingisanexampleoftheapplicationofZeigamik'seffect?

A.Fashionshows.B.Onlinenews.

C.Talkshows.D.TVseries.

15.WhatisthepossiblereasonbehindZeigarnik'seffect?

A.Thedesireforbalance.B.Thephysicalbacklog.

C.Theoutsidepressure.D.Theupingtasks.

【答案】12.A13.B14.D15.A

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了Zeigarnik效应，以及出现这种情况的原因。

【12题详解】

细节理解题。根据第二段"Popularbeliefhasitthatintemiptionbreakstheflowofyourthinkingandaffects

productivitynegatively,andsoitisadvisablethatyouhaveanuninterruptedsessionofintensiveworkbeforeyour

nextbreak.（人们普遍认为，打断会打断你的思维，对工作效率产生负面影响，所以建议你在下次休息前进行

一段不受打扰的高强度工作）”可知，完成一项任务的常见做法是精力集中地工作一段时间。故选A。

【13题详解】

细节理解题。根据第四段的“Itturnsoutthatadultsrememberedtheinterruptedtasks90%betterthanthepleted

tasks,andthatchildrenwereevenmorelikelytorecalltheunpletedtasks.Inotherwords,unpletedtaskswillstay

onyourminduntilyoufinishthem!（结果表明，成年人对被打断的任务的记忆比完成的任务高出90%,而孩子

们甚至更有可能回忆起未完成的任务。换句话说，未完成的任务会一直留在你的脑海里，直到你完成它们!）”

可知，Zeigarnik的实验发现“中断”能提高记忆力。故选B。

【14题详解】

推理判断题。根据倒数第四段的"Inparisontotasksthatwerealreadyfinishedandonesthatwehaven'teven

started,halfdoneprojectsaregiventhepriorityinthementaltodolistourbrainssketchoutforus.（与已经完成的

任务和还没有开始的任务相比，完成了一半的项目在我们的大脑为我们勾画的待办事项清单中被赋予了优

先级）”可知，Zeigarnik效应指的是完成了一半的项目在我们大脑的待办事项清单中被赋予了优先等级。由

此推知，看电视连续剧是Zeigarnik效应应用的一个例子，因为电视连续剧的剧集有时间间隔，导致人们被

“中断”，以至于时刻想着看剧这件事。故选D。

【15题详解】

细节理解题。根据倒数第三段的"Onepossibleexplanationisthatwithinterruptedtasks,wearedesperatefor

theirclosuretoreclaimasenseofbalance.Finishingthemalsomeansthatwecanfinallyclearupthemental

backlog（积压的工作）andgivethespacetomoreupingtasks.（一种可能的解释是，对于被打断的任务，我们迫

切希望结束它们，以恢复一种平衡感。完成它们也意味着我们最终可以清理心理上的积压，为更多即将到

来的任务腾出空间）”可知，Zeigarnik效应可能的一个原因是渴望平衡。故选A。

第二节（共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

TrafficRegulationandAccidentPrevention

Weliveinaremarkabletime,andmanyoftheoncefataldiseasescannowbecuredwithmodemmedicine

andsurgery.16Expectationsoflifehavegreatlyincreased.Butthoughthepossibilityoflivingalongand

happylifeisgreaterthaneverbefore,everydaywewitnesstheincrediblekillingofmen,womenandchildrenon

theroads.Manfightsagainstthemotorcar.Itisaneverendingbattlewhichmanislosing.17

Nothingcanseriouslyincreaseyourriskofpotentiallyfatalcaraccidentsotherthanspeedingandfailingto

paydueattentiontoweatherconditions.18Thereisnodoubtthatthemotorcaroftenbringsoutaman's

veryworstqualities.Usuallyquietandpleasantpeople,whentheyarebehindthesteeringwheel,willbee

unrecognizable.Theyareimpolite,aggressive,selfwilledliketwoyearold,pletelyselfish.Alltheirhidden

frustrations,disappointments,andjealousyseemtobecausedbydriving.

19Ifsallforhisownconvenience.Duetoaserioustragedy,thecityisalmostuninhabitableandthe

hugeparkinglotmakesthetownugly.Thedestructionofruralareasandtheannualmasskillingsarejustastatistic,

easilyforgotten.Withregardtodriving,thelawsofsomecountriesarenotstrictandeventhestrictestarenotstrict

enough.

Trafficrulesareforeveryonetofollowunderanycircumstances,andnoonecanmakeanexceptionunless

youmakeajokeofyourownlife.Universallyacceptedstandardscanonlyhaveasignificantbeneficialonthe

incidenceofaccidents.Governmentsshoulddevelopsafetycodesformanufacturers.20Thesemeasures

maysoundcruel.However,ifthesemeasuresresultinareductioninthelossoflifeeveryyear,theyshould

certainlynotbeconsideredserious.Afterall,theworldbelongstohumans,notcars.

A.Therearefivereasonsfortheaccidentandyouareguilty.

B.Everyyearthousandsofpeoplearehorriblykilled,andwesitstillandletithappen.

C.Surprisingly,societyshouldsmileatthedriverandforgivehim.

D.Someonehasrightlysaidthatwhenapersonissittingbehindthesteeringwheel,hiscarbeesanextensionofhis

personality.

E.Alladvertisementsthatemphasizepowerandperformanceshouldbebanned.

F.Itistimetodevelopauniversalnormtoreducethissenselesswasteofhumanlife.

G.Itisalmostcertainthatonedayacurewillbefoundfortherestofthediseases.

【答案】16.G17.B18.D19.C20.E

【解析】

【导语】本文为一篇说明文。人类用现代医学和手术可以使人类延年益寿，但是人们却忽视了每日都有人

死于交通事故，作者剖析了事故原因，指出车辆是司机个性的延伸，有人为了自己图个方便，在开车时显

露出了自己阴暗的一面，作者认为交通规则再怎么严也不为过，这样才能减少事故的发生。

【16题详解】

上文“Weliveinaremarkabletime,andmanyoftheoncefataldiseasescannowbecuredwithmodemmedicine

andsurgery.（我们生活在一个非凡的时代，许多曾经致命的疾病现在可以用现代医学和外科手术治愈。）”,

G项"Itisalmostcertainthatonedayacurewillbefoundfortherestofthediseases.（几乎可以肯定的是，总有

一天会找到治疗其他疾病的方法。）”，上文提到了manyoftheoncefataldiseases,许多曾经致命的疾病现

在可以治愈，G项提及therestofthediseases,其他的一些疾病在未来肯定也可以治愈，故上文与G项语意

衔接连贯顺畅。故选G项。

【17题详解】

上文everydaywewitnesstheincrediblekillingofmen,womenandchildrenontheroads.Manfightsagainst

themotorcar.Itisaneverendingbattlewhichmanislosing.（每一天，我们都目睹了令人难以置信的男人、女人

和儿童在道路上被杀害。人类与汽车搏斗。这是一场人类正在输掉的永无休止的战斗。）"，B项"Everyyear

thousandsofpeoplearehorriblykilled,andwesitstillandletithappen.（每年都有成千上万的人惨死，而我们却

坐视不管。）”，上文认为人类处于天天要面对交通问题，且天天有人死于交通事故的状态，B项解释了其

中原因，因为即使人们每天面对因交通问题导致的死亡，却没有任何行动，为因果关系。故选B项。

【18题详解】

D项“Someonehasrightlysaidthatwhenapersonissittingbehindthesteeringwheel,hiscarbeesanextensionof

hispersonality.（有人说得对，当一个人坐在方向盘后面时，他的车就变成了他个性的延伸。）"，下文"There

isnodoubtthatthemotorcaroftenbringsoutaman'sveryworstqualities.Usuallyquietandpleasantpeople,when

theyarebehindthesteeringwheel,willbeeunrecognizable.Theyareimpolite,aggressive,selfwilledlike

twoyearold,pletelyselfish.Alltheirhiddenfrustrations,disappointments,andjealousyseemtobecausedby

driving.（毫无疑问，汽车常常使人显露出最坏的品质。平时安静愉快的人，当他们坐在方向盘后面时，就会

变得无法识别。他们不礼貌，好斗，任性得像两岁的孩子，完全自私。他们所有隐藏的沮丧、失望和嫉妒

似乎都是由开车引起的。）”，D项表明开车人的个性在他开车的方式上会有所表现，下文是对D项内容的

延伸，开车过程中，开车人会呈现出最糟糕的一面，上下文语意连贯顺畅。故选D项。

【19题详解】

上文“Thereisnodoubtthatthemotorcaroftenbringsoutaman'sveryworstqualities.Usuallyquietandpleasant

people,whentheyarebehindthesteeringwheel,willbeeunrecognizable.Theyareimpolite,aggressive,selfwilled

liketwoyearold,pletelyselfish.Alltheirhiddenfrustrations,disappointments,andjealousyseemtobecausedby

driving.（毫无疑问，汽车常常使人显露出最坏的品质。平时安静愉快的人，当他们坐在方向盘后面时，就会

变得面目全。他们不礼貌，好斗，任性得像两岁的孩子，完全自私。他们所有隐藏的沮丧、失望和嫉妒似

乎都是由开车引起的。）"，C项"Surprisingly,societyshouldsmileatthedriverandforgivehim.（令人惊讶的

是，社会应该对司机微笑并原谅他。）"，下文"Ifsallforhisownconvenience.（这都是为了他自己的方便。）”，

上文描述了人们一旦操控方向盘，就会展现出他们的糟糕的品行，而C项则说明这种现象在社会上被认为

是可以理解的，下文则是进一步解释，出现这种现象，源于开车人发现路况对自己不友好，没有得到自己

想要的方便，上下文语意连贯。故选C项。

[20题详解】

上文“Governmentsshoulddevelopsafetycodesformanufacturers.（政府应该为制造商制定安全规范）”，E项

"Alladvertisementsthatemphasizepowerandperformanceshouldbebanned.（所有强调权力和表演的广告都

应该被禁止。）“，下文uThesemeasuresmaysoundcruel.However,ifthesemeasuresresultinareductioninthe

lossoflifeeveryyear,theyshouldcertainlynotbeconsideredserious.Afterall,theworldbelongstohumans,not

cars.（这些措施听起来可能很残酷。然而，如果这些措施导致每年生命损失的减少，它们当然不应该被认为

是严重的。毕竟，世界属于人类，而不是汽车。）“，下文中的Thesemeasures指代上文中的政府方面的措施，

以及E项中提及的广告方面的限制措施，故上下文衔接连贯顺畅。故选E项。

第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）

第一节（共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分）

阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

ActorAnthonyAndersonhasrealizedadream30yearsinthemaking.The51yearold2]aBachelor

ofFineArtsdegreefromHowardUniversitylastweek."Itwasalladream!Wordsfailto22thefeeling

Fmhavingrightnow,^^Andersonwroteonasocialmediaplatform."Myproudestmomentisasenseof

23—finishingwhatIstartedmanyyearsago.”

AndersonfinishedhisjunioryearatHoward30yearsago.24somefinancialdifficulties,hehadto

askfora25fromschool.Heworkedhardtomakea26Laterhestartedafamilyandhiscareer

27.Heplayedthestarringrolesinmanyfilmsandbecamea28Thefollowingyearshewa