04- 备战2024年高考英语模拟卷（北京专用）（解析版）

备战2024年高考英语模拟卷（北京专用）黄金卷04（考试时间：120分钟试卷满分：150分）注意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分知识运用（共两节,满分30分）第一节完形填空（共10小题;每小题1.5分,共15分）阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。MyHeroTome,aheroissomeonewhogoesoutofhiswaytomakeothershappy.MyheroisMr.Wright,mychorusteacher.WhenIwas12yearsold,mydeargrandparentspassedaway.LosingthemwasthehardestthingIhadtogothrough.Itwasasifmywholeworldhadfallendownfromunderme,andI1intothishugeholeofdepression.2Iwasbattlingdepression,Iwasdeterminedtomakemyhighschoolyearsthebestofmylife.SoIjoinedWomen’sChoir.Mr.WrightwasthechoraldirectorandhewassofunnythatthefirstdayIknewIhadmadethebest3ofmylife.Astheyearprogressed,Ibegantosmileagain.Thenonedaythatallchanged.Myfriendsstartedtalkingaboutmebehindmyback.Iwas4,andIsatbymyself.Mr.Wrightcameoverandaskedwhatwaswrong.ThelookinhiseyestoldmethatIcouldtrusthim.Tryinghardto5backtears,Itoldhimthewholestory.WhenIfinished,hetoldme,“Ifyouneverlearnanythingfromme,learnthis:Nooneisworth6yourjoy.”WhatMr.Wrightsaidreallystruckme.He7caredaboutmeandwhatwasgoingon.I’llneverbeabletothankhimenough,becausehenotonlysavedmebuthas8everydayofitsince.AnytimeIfeellikegivingup,IrememberMr.Wright’swordsand9.I’mgladIhadtheopportunitytomeetyou,Mr.Wright.Youarean10teacher,andIhopeyourealizethat.You’remyhero.1．A．looked B．broke C．fell D．turned2．A．If B．Although C．Because D．Once3．A．suggestion B．decision C．effort D．offer4．A．refused B．forgotten C．hurt D．trapped5．A．set B．fight C．take D．call6．A．stealing B．sharing C．hiding D．feeling7．A．cheerfully B．normally C．exactly D．truly8．A．made B．started C．understood D．influenced9．A．breakout B．holdup C．takeover D．pushforward10．A．amusing B．ambitious C．amazing D．advanced【答案】1．C2．B3．B4．C5．B6．A7．D8．D9．D10．C【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者中学时期经历了失去祖父母后陷入抑郁，通过加入合唱团和遇到指挥Wright先生找回快乐和勇气的故事。Wright先生给予了作者关怀和鼓励，成为了作者心目中的英雄。1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：就好像我的整个世界都从我身下塌了下来，我掉进了这个巨大的沮丧的洞里。A.looked看起来；B.broke打破；C.fell掉下来；D.turned转过身。根据后文“intothishugeholeofdepression”可知，因为自己祖父母的去世，作者掉进了巨大的沮丧的洞里。故选C。2．考查连词词义辨析。句意：虽然我一直在与抑郁作斗争，但我决心让我的高中时光成为我生命中最美好的时光。A.If如果；B.Although尽管；C.Because因为；D.Once一旦。前后两句构成转折关系，即虽然作者一直在与抑郁作斗争，但她决心让自己的高中时光变得很美好。故选B。3．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Wright先生是合唱团的指挥，他非常有趣，所以第一天我就知道我做出了一生中最好的决定。A.suggestion建议；B.decision决定；C.effort努力；D.offer提供。根据后文“Astheyearprogressed,Ibegantosmileagain.”可知，作者加入到了这个合唱团后，脸上再次展露笑容，由此可知这是作者做出的最好的决定。故选B。4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我感到受到伤害，只能独自坐着。A.refused拒绝；B.forgotten忘记；C.hurt伤害；D.trapped困住。根据“Myfriendsstartedtalkingaboutmebehindmyback.”可知，因为听到同学在背后议论自己，作者感受到被伤害了。故选C。5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我强忍着眼泪，把事情原原本本告诉了他。A.set设置；B.fight与……作斗争；C.take接受；D.call打电话。根据“backtears”可推知，作者强忍着泪水，此处fightbacktears为固定短语，意为“忍住泪水”。故选B。6．考查动词词义辨析。句意：即使你从我这里学不到任何东西，也请记住这个道理：没有任何人值得偷走你的快乐。A.stealing偷走；B.sharing分享；C.hiding隐藏；D.feeling感觉。根据前文“Myfriendsstartedtalkingaboutmebehindmyback.Iwas___4___,andIsatbymyself.”可知，作者知道有同学在背后议论自己，感到很孤单受伤，变得不快乐，因此Wright先生会安慰作者世界上没有人值得偷走她的快乐。故选A。7．考查副词词义辨析。句意：他真的很关心我，也很关心发生了什么。A.cheerfully愉快地；B.normally通常地；C.exactly准确地；D.truly真正地。根据前文“Ifyouneverlearnanythingfromme,learnthis:Nooneisworth___6___yourjoy.”可知，Wright先生倾听作者身上发生的事情后悉心地安慰作者，因此作者认为他是真正地关心自己。故选D。8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我在怎样感激他都不为过，因为他不仅救了我，而且从那以后的每一天都影响着我。A.made制造；B.started开始；C.understood理解；D.influenced影响。根据后文“AnytimeIfeellikegivingup,IrememberMr.Wright’swordsand___9___.”可知，Wright先生的话让作者懂得不要放弃，因此是影响着作者。故选D。9．考查动词短语辨析。句意：每当我想要放弃的时候，我就会想起Wright先生的话，然后继续努力。A.breakout爆发；B.holdup拖延；C.takeover接管；D.pushforward推动。根据前文“IrememberMr.Wright’swords”可知，每当作者要放弃的时候，会想起Wright先生的话，然后继续努力。故选D。10．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：你是个了不起的老师，我希望你能意识到这一点。A.amusing有趣的；B.ambitious有雄心的；C.amazing了不起的；D.advanced先进的。根据后文“You’remyhero.”可知，作者认为Wright先生是自己的英雄，因此Wright先生是一个了不起的老师。故选C。第二节语法填空（共10小题;每小题1.5分,共15分）A（2023上·北京朝阳·高三统考期中）阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Gatheracoupleoffriendsandtakealeisurelywalkthroughthestreets—thisis11manyyoungstersenjoydoingwhentheyvisitanewcity.Tothem,citywalkmeanswanderingaroundthecityonfoot.Participantscanfollowadistinctiveurbanroute,12(explore)thecityattheirownpace.Comparedwithfamous13(spot)andbigcrowds,theyprefertogainamoreinclusiveexperienceoftheplacestheyvisit.【答案】11．what12．exploring13．spots【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍许多年轻人喜欢结伴在城市街头漫步，这种步行游览方式让他们能以自己的节奏探索城市，获得更全面的游览体验，而不是去热门景点挤人群。11．考查名词性从句。句意：约上几个朋友，在街上悠闲地散步——这是许多年轻人在访问一个新城市时喜欢做的事情。分析句子结构可知，本句为表语从句。从句缺少宾语，指物，所以用连接代词what引导。故填what。12．考查非谓语动词。句意：参与者可以沿着独特的城市路线，以自己的节奏探索城市。句中已有谓语动词，所以用非谓语动词形式。逻辑主语Participants与explore之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作状语。故填exploring。13．考查名词的数。句意：与著名景点和拥挤的人群相比，他们更喜欢在他们参观的地方获得更全面的体验。名词spot为可数名词，泛指许多景点，用复数形式。故填spots。B阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处的括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Thisyear,the13thSpringFestivalJointExhibitionofChineseBooks,14themewas“ReadingChina”,washeldonJanuary24thin85bookstoresworldwide.Itcarriedoutavarietyofactivitiessuchasbookexhibitionsandculturalperformances.Books15(display)intheexhibitionwerephilosophicaland

artistic,which16(close)mettheneedsofoverseasreaders.Overall,thisyear’sbookexhibitionpresentedthenewestandfinestChinesepublications17localreaderssothattheycouldbetterunderstandChinainthenewera.【答案】14．whose15．displayed16．closely17．to【导语】本文是新闻报道。介绍今年1月24日，以“阅读中国”为主题的第十三届中国图书春节联展在全球85家书店举行。14．考查定语从句。句意：今年1月24日，以“阅读中国”为主题的第十三届中国图书春节联展在全球85家书店举行。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是the13thSpringFestivalJointExhibitionofChineseBooks，在从句中作定语，应该用whose引导。故填whose。15．考查非谓语动词。句意：展览中展出的书籍具有哲学性和艺术性，非常符合海外读者的需求。分析句子结构可知，本句已有谓语动词were，所以display用非谓语形式，它的逻辑主语是books，两者间是被动关系，应该用过去分词作后置定语。故填displayed。16．考查副词。句意：展览中展出的书籍具有哲学性和艺术性，非常符合海外读者的需求。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰空后的动词met，应该用副词修饰，close的副词形式是closely。故填closely。17．考查介词。句意：总的来说，今年的书展向当地读者展示了最新、最好的中国出版物，让他们更好地了解新时代的中国。分析句子结构可知，此处是固定搭配：presentsth.tosb.意为“把某物展现给某人”。故填to。C（2023上·北京海淀·高三统考期中）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Iwasnotoriginallyattractedtonature.Forme,naturewasassociatedwiththefewminutesplayingsoccerinthe18(nice)cutgrass.ButinMichigan,naturepresentsitselfinmanyformssuchassleddingasfastasyoucandownthehillorswimminginoneofthefivegreatlakes.Theseexperiencesencouragedme19(explore)oneoftherawformsofconnectingwithnature:camping.AlthoughI20(spend)alotoftimeoutside,Ihadnevercampedorexperiencedallofwhatnatureoffers.【答案】18．nicely19．toexplore20．hadspent【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是密歇根的大自然鼓励作者探索大自然的故事。18．考查副词。句意：对我来说，大自然就是在修剪整齐的草地上踢几分钟足球。空格处用副词nicely修饰动词cut，nicely意为“漂亮地”，故填nicely。19．考查不定式。句意：这些经历鼓励我去探索与自然联系的一种原始形式：露营。encouragesb.todo是固定短语，意为“鼓励某人做某事”，因此空格处用不定式toexplore，故填toexplore。20．考查时态。句意：虽然我花了很多时间在户外，但我从来没有露营过，也没有体验过大自然所提供的一切。由Ihadnevercampedorexperienced可知，空格处表示过去的过去发生的事情，所以空格处时态是过去完成时，因此空格处是hadspent。故填hadspent。第二部分阅读理解（共两节,38分）第一节（共14小题;每小题2分,共28分）阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。A#1Author:LeisaSharpePrice:£14.99Release:Jun.13,2023HowDoesChocolateTasteOnEverestThisisn’tyourtypicalchildren’sbooknorisitanight-timeread:it’sanaction-packedadventurearoundtheworld.Youngadventurerswillstepintothefootprintsofthegreatestexplorers,usingtheirsensesastheirguides.Thisbookimmersesitsyoungreadersinlifeintheworld’smostfascinatinghabitats,countriesandcontinents,aswellasthoseonotherplanets.#2Author:ZKidsPrice:£9.99Release:Sep.25,2023TheUltimateRiddleGameForKidsForreadersbetweentheagesof9and12,thisfunriddlebookcombineslogicchallenges,competitivecontestsandbraintraining.Thefirstsectionconsistsofshort,snappyriddles,themathssectionrequiresmentalarithmetic(算术),andforthestoriessectionyouwillneedtodiscoverallthepossiblehiddenmeanings.Buttrynottocheat.Thebookismuchmorerewardingasthesectionsgetmorechallenging.Whenyoubegintounderstandthebestwaytoapproacheachriddletype,yourconfidence,resilienceandscorearelikelytogrow.#3Author:KimZachmanPrice:£12.99Release:Dec.15,2023There’sNoCreamInCreamSodaTheonlydrinkhumansneediswater,butthebeverageindustryisgrowinglargereveryyear.Thisbookexploresthehistoryoftheinventionofdrinks,beginningthousandsofyearsago,whenhumansfirstaddednaturalflavouringstotheirwaterasitboiledoverthefire.Itshumorousandconversationalnarrativemeansthatyoudon’tknowwhatwillcomenext.Rangingfromcorescientificprocessestotheunlikelyoriginstoriesofsomesodas,thisbookissuretohaveastorytofascinateeverykid.21．ThebookHowDoesChocolateTasteonEveresthelpsreaders________.A．enjoynight-readingtimeB．knoworiginstoriesofchocolateC．identifyhabitatsofsomeanimalsD．exploreplaceswithsensesasguides22．Fromthepassage,wecanlearnthat________.A．thethreebooksareavailablebyOctoberB．readersneedcalculationskillsforBook#2C．Book#3teachesreadershowtomakedrinksD．Book#1hasapriceadvantageovertheothers23．Thepassageisintendedto________.A．introducesomebooksonlearningsecretsB．recommendsomepicturebookstoparentsC．encouragereaderstopurchasethesebooksD．sharesometipsonchoosingsuitablebooks【答案】21．D22．B23．C【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍的是三本书的优点。21．细节理解题。根据HowDoesChocolateTasteOnEverest部分的“Youngadventurerswillstepintothefootprintsofthegreatestexplorers,usingtheirsensesastheirguides.(年轻的冒险家将踏上最伟大探险家的足迹，用他们的感官作为他们的向导。)”可知，HowDoesChocolateTasteOnEverest可以帮助读者以感官为向导探索地方，故选D。22．细节理解题。根据TheUltimateRiddleGameForKids部分的“Thefirstsectionconsistsofshort,snappyriddles,themathssectionrequiresmentalarithmetic(算术),andforthestoriessectionyouwillneedtodiscoverallthepossiblehiddenmeanings.(第一部分由简短的谜语组成，数学部分需要心算，而故事部分需要你发现所有可能隐藏的含义。)”可知，第二本书的读者需要计算技巧。故选B。23．推理判断题。根据第一本书介绍中的“Thisbookimmersesitsyoungreadersinlifeintheworld’smostfascinatinghabitats,countriesandcontinents,aswellasthoseonotherplanets.(这本书让年轻的读者沉浸在世界上最迷人的栖息地、国家和大陆，以及其他星球上的生活中。)”，第二本书介绍中的“Thebookismuchmorerewardingasthesectionsgetmorechallenging.Whenyoubegintounderstandthebestwaytoapproacheachriddletype,yourconfidence,resilienceandscorearelikelytogrow.(随着章节变得更有挑战性，这本书也会变得更有价值。当你开始了解解决每种谜语类型的最佳方法时，你的信心、适应力和得分可能会增长。)”和第三本书的“Rangingfromcorescientificprocessestotheunlikelyoriginstoriesofsomesodas,thisbookissuretohaveastorytofascinateeverykid.(从核心的科学过程到一些不太可能的苏打水的起源故事，这本书肯定会有一个让每个孩子着迷的故事。)”可知这篇文章主要介绍了三本书的优点，因此目的是鼓励读者购买这些书。故选C。BInJuly2020,RexandBritneeSmithrealizedtheirtwopetdogs,JackandJill,werenolongerintheirfencedbackyardinLittleRockArkansas.Theywentfromdoortodoorintheirneighborhood,puttingupposters,reachingouttoanimalsheltersandvets’officesandpostingonsocialmedia.ItwasasadtimefortheSmiths,especiallyfortheir5-year-olddaughter,whohadaspecialbondwiththedogs.EventuallyinDecember,theSmithsandtheirtwochildrenhadtorelocateabout300milesawaytoMcKinney,Texas.Theystilloccasionallyreceivedcallsfromsheltersorgotpicturesofdogsthatcouldbetheirs,butJackandJillwereneverlocated.WhiletheSmithshadheardstoriesaboutdogsbeingfoundandreturnedtotheirownersviamicrochips,theyneverexpectedthattohappentothem.TheninlateJuly2023,theLittleRockAnimalVillagecalledRextoinformhimJillhadbeenfound.HeimmediatelycalledBritnee,whocriedtearsofjoy.BritneewasalittlenervousastheydrovetopickupJill,worriedthatshewouldn’trememberthemorhadchangedtobemoreaggressive.Butthatwasn’tthecase.“It’slikesheneverleftus,”Britneerecalled.“Shecamerightintoourarms.”TheSmithssaidtheywereunsurewhathappenedtoJillinthethreeyearsaway,althoughshe’dbeenfoundjustafewblocksawayfromtheiroldhouse.“Wewishshecouldtalk,”Rexsaid.“Wehavesomanyquestionstoaskher.”Jillwasoverallhealthybuthadsufferedsomescratches.Herpawswereraw,likelyfromthe100-degreeFahrenheitheatinArkansas.TheSmithsimmediatelytookhertothevetanddogspa,whereJillhadhernailsclipped,herteethbrushedandherhaircombed.Nowthey’restillonthelookoutforJack.24．WhatdidtheSmithsdoafterthelossoftheirdogs?A．Theyaddedafencetotheirbackyard.B．Theytriedeverymeanstolookforthem.C．Theydidtheirbesttocomforttheirdaughter.D．Theymovedhouseinstantlytoavoidsadness.25．WhywasBritneeanxiousonthewaytopickingupJill?A．Yearsofseparationmightmakethemfeeldistant.B．Thephonecallmightendupbeingfruitlessagain.C．Jillmighthavesufferedunimaginableabuse.D．Herexpectationmightmakeheruncontrollableonthescene.26．HowwasJillwhenshegotreunitedwithherowners?A．Shelookedsickandweak. B．Shewasbeyondrecognition.C．Shewasphysicallyinjured. D．Shewasunabletomakeasound.27．WhatconclusioncanbedrawnaboutJillfromthetext?A．Shewasadoptedseveraltimes.B．ShewaswithJackinthepastfewyears.C．ShewasdiscoverednearBritnee’snewhome.D．Shewasindeedgreatlyvaluedbyherowners.【答案】24．B25．A26．C27．D【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是Rex和BritneeSmith的宠物狗失而复得的故事。24．细节理解题。根据第一段“Theywentfromdoortodoorintheirneighborhood,puttingupposters,reachingouttoanimalsheltersandvets’officesandpostingonsocialmedia.(他们在社区里挨家挨户地张贴海报，联系动物收容所和兽医办公室，并在社交媒体上发帖。)”可知，史密斯夫妇在失去狗后想尽了一切办法寻找它们。故选B。25．推理判断题。根据第三段“BritneewasalittlenervousastheydrovetopickupJill,worriedthatshewouldn’trememberthemorhadchangedtobemoreaggressive.(他们开车去接吉尔的时候，布里特尼有点紧张，担心她会不记得他们，或者变得更好斗了。)”可知，Britnee在去接Jill的路上很担心，是因为多年的分离可能会让他们感到疏远。故选A。26．细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“Jillwasoverallhealthybuthadsufferedsomescratches.(吉尔总体上很健康，但有几处抓伤。)”可知，吉尔和她的主人团聚时身体上受了点伤。故选C。27．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“TheSmithsimmediatelytookhertothevetanddogspa,whereJillhadhernailsclipped,herteethbrushedandherhaircombed.(史密斯夫妇立即带她去了兽医和狗狗水疗中心，在那里，吉尔剪了指甲，刷了牙，梳了头。)”可知，Jill的主人确实非常珍视她。故选D。C（2023上·北京·高三校联考开学考试）Inourinformation-drivensociety,shapingourworldviewthroughthemediaissimilartoforminganopinionaboutsomeonesolelybasedonapictureoftheirfoot.Whilethemediamightnotdeliberatelydeceiveus,itoftenfailstoprovideacomprehensiveviewofreality.Consequently,thequestionarises:Where,then,shallwegetourinformationfromifnotfromthemedia?Whocanwetrust?Howaboutexperts—peoplewhodevotetheirworkinglivestounderstandingtheirchosensliceoftheworld?However,evenexpertscanfallpreytotheallureofoversimplification,leadingtothe“singleperspectiveinstinct”thathampers(阻碍)ourabilitytograsptheintricaciesoftheworld.Simpleideascanbeappealingbecausetheyofferasenseofunderstandingandcertainty.Anditiseasytotakeoffdownaslipperyslope,fromoneattention-grabbingsimpleideatoafeelingthatthisideabeautifullyexplains,oristhebeautifulsolutionfor,lotsofotherthings.Theworldbecomessimplethatway.Yet,whenweembraceasingularcauseorsolutionforallproblems,weriskoversimplifyingcomplexissues.Forinstance,championingtheconceptofequalitymayleadustoviewallproblemsthroughthelensofinequalityandseeresourcedistributionasthesolepanacea.However,suchrigiditypreventsusfromseeingthemultidimensionalnatureofchallengesandhinderstruecomprehensionofreality.This“singleperspectiveinstinct”ultimatelycloudsourjudgmentandrestrictsourcapacitytotacklecomplexissueseffectively.Itsavesalotoftimetothinklikethis.Youcanhaveopinionsandanswerswithouthavingtolearnaboutaproblemfromscratchandyoucangetonwithusingyourbrainforothertasks.Butit’snotsousefulifyouliketounderstandtheworld.Beingalwaysinfavoroforalwaysagainstanyparticularideamakesyoublindtoinformationthatdoesn’tfityourperspective.Thisisusuallyabadapproachifyouwouldliketounderstandreality.Instead,constantlytestyourfavoriteideasforweaknesses.Behumbleabouttheextentofyourexpertise.Becuriousaboutnewinformationthatdoesn’tfit,andinformationfromotherfields.Andratherthantalkingonlytopeoplewhoagreewithyou,orcollectingexamplesthatfityourideas,consultpeoplewhocontradictyou,disagreewithyou,andputforwarddifferentideasasagreatresourceforunderstandingtheworld.Ihavebeenwrongabouttheworldsomanytimes.Sometimes,comingupagainstrealityiswhathelpsmeseemymistakes,butoftenitistalkingto,andtryingtounderstand,someonewithdifferentideas.Ifthismeansyoudon’thavetimetoformsomanyopinions,sowhat?Wouldn’tyouratherhavefewopinionsthatarerightthanmanythatarewrong?28．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“allure”inPara.2probablymean?A．Temptation. B．Tradition. C．Convenience. D．Consequence.29．Whyaresimpleideasappealingaccordingtothepassage?A．Theymeetpeople’sdemandforhighefficiency.B．Theygenerateasenseofcompleteunderstanding.C．Theyareraisedandsupportedbymultipleexperts.D．Theyreflecttheopinionsoflike-mindedindividuals.30．Whatwilltheauthorprobablyagreewith?A．Simplifyingmattersreleasesenergyforhumanbrains.B．Constanttestsonourideashelpmakeupforourweakness.C．Awell-foundedopinioncountsmorethanmanyshallowones.D．Peoplewhodisagreewithusoftenhavecomprehensiveviews.31．Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleofthepassage?A．EmbracingDisagreement:RefusingOvercomplexityB．SimplifyingInformation:EnhancingComprehensionC．UnderstandingDifferences:EstablishingRelationshipsD．NavigatingComplexity:ChallengingOversimplification【答案】28．A29．B30．C31．D【导语】本文是说明文。短文主要讲述了在信息驱动的社会中，塑造我们的世界观经常无法提供全面的现实视角。简单的想法可能很吸引人，但是我们会冒着过度简化复杂问题的风险，最终会影响我们的判断力，限制我们有效解决复杂问题的能力。我们应该与持有不同观点的人交谈并试图理解他们的观点，形成正确的观点。28．词义猜测题。根据第二段“However,evenexpertscanfallpreytotheallureofoversimplification,leadingtothe“singleperspectiveinstinct”thathampers(阻碍)ourabilitytograsptheintricaciesoftheworld.(然而，即使是专家也会受到过度简化的allure，导致“单一视角本能”，阻碍我们掌握世界的复杂性。)”可知，导致了单一视觉，不能掌握世界的复杂性，因此推断受到了过度简化的诱惑，allure在这里指的是“诱惑”。故选A。29．细节理解题。根据第三段的“Simpleideascanbeappealingbecausetheyofferasenseofunderstandingandcertainty.(简单的想法可能很有吸引力，因为它们提供了一种理解和确定性。)”可知，简单的想法具有吸引力是因为它们产生一种完全理解的感觉。故选B。30．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Instead,constantlytestyourfavoriteideasforweaknesses.Behumbleabouttheextentofyourexpertise.Becuriousaboutnewinformationthatdoesn’tfit,andinformationfromotherfields.Andratherthantalkingonlytopeoplewhoagreewithyou,orcollectingexamplesthatfityourideas,consultpeoplewhocontradictyou,disagreewithyou,andputforwarddifferentideasasagreatresourceforunderstandingtheworld.(相反，要不断测试你最喜欢的想法的弱点。对自己的专业知识要谦虚。对不合适的新信息和来自其他领域的信息保持好奇。而不是只与那些同意你的人交谈，或者收集符合你想法的例子，咨询那些反驳你、不同意你的人，并提出不同想法的人，作为理解世界的重要资源。)”可推断，作者认为要不断测试自己的想法，要谦虚，要保持好奇，不要只是与同意自己观点的人交谈，要与那些与持有与自己不同观点的人交流，接受不同的观点，作为理解世界的重要资源。因此推断作者认为有充分根据的观点比许多肤浅的观点更重要。故选C。31．主旨大意题。根据第一段内容“Inourinformation-drivensociety,shapingourworldviewthroughthemediaissimilartoforminganopinionaboutsomeonesolelybasedonapictureoftheirfoot.Whilethemediamightnotdeliberatelydeceiveus,itoftenfailstoprovideacomprehensiveviewofreality.(在信息驱动的社会中，通过媒体塑造我们的世界观就像仅仅根据一个人的脚的照片来形成对他们的看法一样，但它经常无法提供全面的现实视角。)”，第二段的“However,evenexpertscanfallpreytotheallureofoversimplification,leadingtothe“singleperspectiveinstinct”thathampers(阻碍)ourabilitytograsptheintricaciesoftheworld.(然而，即使是专家也会受到过度简化的诱惑，导致“单一视角本能”，阻碍我们掌握世界的复杂性。)”以及倒数第三的“Andratherthantalkingonlytopeoplewhoagreewithyou,orcollectingexamplesthatfityourideas,consultpeoplewhocontradictyou,disagreewithyou,andputforwarddifferentideasasagreatresourceforunderstandingtheworld.(与其只与那些同意你的人交谈，或者收集符合你想法的例子，不如咨询那些反驳你、不同意你的人，并提出不同想法的人，作为理解世界的重要资源。)”以及全文内容可知，本文作者主要提出“单一视角本能”最终会影响我们的判断力，限制我们有效解决复杂问题的能力，我们应该接受不同的观点，作为理解世界的重要资源。因此D项“驾驭复杂性:挑战过度简化”为最佳标题。故选D。DSnotBotisonamission.Thetoaster-sizeddrone(无人机)fliesovertheopenocean,directlyaboveanunusualwhale.Onaboatnearby,AndyRogansmileswithjoy.Roganhasbeenstudyingwhalesinhisentirecareerbuthadneverseenthisspecies.Backin2011,LianPinKohandSergeWich,conservationexperts,wonderediftheremightbeaneasierwaytogetdataofanimalsinthewild.Wildliferesearchersoftenwalkthroughforests.Theymaylookcloselyatwhalesfromboatsorstayinhelicopterstoviewanimalsfromabove.Suchtripsareusuallydangerous.Plus,theirnoisemayscareanimals.Andhelicopterscan’tflyveryfarovertheoceanbecausethere’snowheretolandorrefuel.“Wethought,‘Whatifyouflyoverthemwithaflyingcamera?’’’saysWich.Sotheyputtogetheradronefromaremote-controlmodelairplaneandcameraequipment.Anditdidthetrick.Onatestflight,thedronecaughtanimageofanorangutan(猩猩)atthetopofaverytalltree.Thepairrealizedthiswasjustthebeginningofawholenewwayofdoingconservationwork.NowWichandhiscolleaguesarebuildingAIthatautomaticallylocatesandrecognizesanimals.TheycalltheirprojectConservationAI.Whensomeoneuploadsanimageorvideo,themodelanalyzesthedata.Thenthemodelrecognizesanythingitcan.Inthefuture,anAImodelcouldkeepwatch,insteadofforestguards.Itcouldsendwarningswhenseeingdoubtfulactivities.TheteamtestedthisideainastudyinEastAfrica.VolunteersinTanzaniapretendedtobepoachers(偷猎者).Theresearchersmadedronesflyovertheactorsatdifferenttimesoftheday.Overall,peoplelookingatthedroneimagesdidabetterjobthantheAImodelatfindingpretendpoachers.Themodelpickedoutmanythingsthatweren’tpeopleatall.Butthemodelfoundpoachersthatmostpeoplemissed.Withalittlemorework,Wichthinksthatsystemslikethiswillmakeiteasierforconservationiststobetterprotectendangeredanimals.32．WhatcanweinferaboutConservationAIfromthepassage?A．Itcanreplaceconservationists’work. B．Itworksbystudyingdatafirst.C．Itcanpunishthepoachers. D．Itisfullyautomated.33．WhatisWich’sattitudetothefutureoftheAImodel?A．Critical. B．HopefulC．Worried. D．Prejudiced.34．Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?A．AchievementsinWildlifeConservationB．MajorDiscoveriesofBiologicalSpeciesC．AIStudyHasAchievedaBreakthroughD．FlyingRobotsProtectEndangeredWildlife【答案】32．B33．B34．D【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一款飞行机器人SnotBot帮助研究人员收集数据，从而更好地保护濒危野生动物。32．推理判断题。根据第四段中“TheycalltheirprojectConservationAI.Whensomeoneuploadsanimageorvideo,themodelanalyzesthedata.”（他们称他们的项目为人工智能保护。当有人上传图像或视频时，该模型会分析数据。）可推知，人工智能保护会先研究上传的图片或视频数据。故选B。33．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Withalittlemorework,Wichthinksthatsystemslikethiswillmakeiteasierforconservationiststobetterprotectendangeredanimals.”（Wich认为，再多做一点工作，这样的系统将使环保主义者更容易更好地保护濒危动物。）可知，虽然这个系统还存在缺陷，但是进一步完善后，可以发挥保护濒危动物的作用。由此可知，Wich对人工智能模型的未来是充满希望的。故选B。34．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了一款飞行机器人SnotBot帮助研究人员收集数据，从而更好地保护濒危野生动物。因此，D项“飞行机器人保护濒危野生动物”可概括文章大意，适合作为文章标题。故选D。第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，共10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。Whilesweatservesasthebuilt-inairconditioner,sweatingitoutcanhavemany:othersurprisinghealthbenefits.35ItEasesPainDidyouwakeupwithbackpain?36Thenthebestwaytorelieveyourpainistoworkupasweat.Itmightbeverytemptingtoskipthisstepsincepainwillmakeyouwanttositstill.Butactuallyincreasingyourheartrateandworkingupasweatisoneofthebestthingsyoucandoforyourpainwhilesittingaroundwilljustmakeyouevenmorestiffandsore.ItGetsRidofToxins(毒素)Ourbodiesaresubjecttoalotoftoxinsthroughoutoureverydaylives.37Sweatingisagreatwaytoexpel(排出)thosetoxinsfromthebody,whichservestobetteryourimmunesystem.Itcanalsohelpgetridofsubstanceslikealcoholandsalt.38Alongwiththesenseofaccomplishmentfromworkingout,workingupasweatreleasesendorphins(内啡肽),whichmakeyouhappy.Sweatinghelpsrelievestressandpromoterelaxation.Nexttimeyou’refeelingstressedoutorneedabreaktoclearyourmind,thinkabouthittingupahotyogaclassortakingafewminutesforyourselfinthesauna(桑拿)toeaseyourmind,ItHelpsYouAvoidKidneyStonesOneofthelesser-knownbenefitsofsweatingisthatitlowerstheriskofgettingkidney(肾)stones.Researchhasshownthatsweatinghelpsyougetridofsaltandkeepcalciuminyourbones.39Themorefrequentlyyoufindyourselfsweating,thebetter.A．ItMakesYouHappierB．Areyousorefromyesterday’sworkout?C．Painisusuallycausedbytoxinsproducedinthebody.D．Herearesometopbenefitsofsweatinginsummer.E．Sweatingalsohelpspreventpollutantsfromenteringthebody.F．Thishelpskeepthoseelementsfromyourkidneyswheresmallstoneswillform.G．Theycomefromthepollutionintheair,ourfood,andarecreatednaturallyinthebody.【答案】35．D36．B37．G38．A39．F【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了夏天出汗的主要好处。35．上文“Whilesweatservesasthebuilt-inairconditioner,sweatingitoutcanhavemany:othersurprisinghealthbenefits.(汗液就像内置的空调一样，把汗液排出来还有很多其他意想不到的健康益处。)”说明排汗有健康益处，选项D“这里有一些夏季出汗的主要益处。”承接上文，点明文章主题，引出下列各段，说明夏季出汗的主要益处。故选D项。36．上文“Didyouwakeupwithbackpain?(你醒来时腰疼吗?)”提出疼痛问题，选项B“你昨天锻炼后感到疼痛吗?”和上文并列，提出另一个疼痛问题，引出下文“Thenthebestwaytorelieveyourpainistoworkupasweat.(那么缓解疼痛的最好方法就是出一身汗。)”给出缓解疼痛的最好办法。故选B项。37．上文“Ourbodiesaresubjecttoalotoftoxinsthroughoutoureverydaylives.(在我们的日常生活中，我们的身体会受到很多毒素的影响。)”说明身体受毒素影响，选项G“它们来自空气中的污染，我们的食物，并在体内自然产生。”承接上文，说明毒素是怎样产生的。选项中They指上文中toxins。故选G项。38．下文“Alongwiththesenseofaccomplishmentfromworkingout,workingupasweatreleasesendorphins(内啡肽),whichmakeyouhappy.(伴随着锻炼带来的成就感，出汗会释放内啡肽，让你感到快乐。)”说明出汗能带来快乐，选项A“它让你更快乐”总结概括本段大意，适合做小标题。故选A项。39．上文“Oneofthelesser-knownbenefitsofsweatingisthatitlowerstheriskofgettingkidney(肾)stones.Researchhasshownthatsweatinghelpsyougetridofsaltandkeepcalciuminyourbones.(出汗的一个鲜为人知的好处是它可以降低患肾结石的风险。研究表明，出汗可以帮助你排出盐分，保持骨骼中的钙。)”说明出汗能预防肾结石，出汗可以帮助排盐保钙，选项F“这