浙江省名校协作体2022-2023学年高二上学期开学考试英语试题含解析

2022学年第一学期浙江省名校协作体试题高二年级英语学科选择题部分第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.WhatisthewomangoingtodothisSunday?A.Repairachair.B.Seeadoctor.C.Goshopping.2.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Asinger.B.Afriend.C.Anaward3.Howmanystudentswillattendtheactivityatlast?A.10.B.8.C.6.4.Howdoesthemanfeelaboutteachingkids?AToodull.B.Alittlehard.C.Alwaystiring.5.Wherearethespeakersnow?A.Inabank.B.Inthelibrary.C.Inastore.第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Wheredocstheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Onatrain.B.AraticketofficeC.Ataninformationdesk.7.Whenistheraingoingtoleave?A.At9:15.B.At9:35.C.At11:25.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.Whoisthewoman?A.Adoctor.B.Asecretary.C.Aclient.9.WhatdoesthemanhavetodoonTuesday?A.Seeadoctor.B.Meetaclient.C.Finishareport.10.Whatwillthewomandonext?A.Examinetheman.B.Lieinbed.C.Drawblood.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.Whatdayisittoday?A.Friday.B.Saturday.C.Sunday.12.Whatdothespeakersusuallybuy?A.Flowers.B.Dresses.C.Cards.13.Whydon’tthespeakersbuyawatch?A.Theirmotherdoesn’tlikeit.B.Theycan’taffordagoodone.C.Theirmotheralreadyhasone.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Strangers.B.Roommates.C.Neighbors.15.WheredidHarrygettheinformationabouttheapartment?A.Fromagoodfriend.B.FromMrs.Hamilton.C.FromtheInternet16.Howmanybedroomsarethereintheapartment?A.Three.B.Two.C.One.17.WhatdoesthewomanaskHarrytodo?A.Paytherentfirst.B.Cometoseetheflat.C.Callherthismorning.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18.Whatbringsurprisetopeopleaccordingtothespeaker?A.Thecostofatoy.B.Thearrivalofastorm.C.Themomentofopeningabox.19.Wherewastheideafromaccordingtothespeaker?A.ChinaB.Japan.C.America20WhatisWangNing’sattitudetowardthefutureofPopMar?A.Disappointed.B.Ambiguous.C.Hopeful.第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分35分)第一节(共10小题；每小题2.5分，满分25分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ALastweek,mywifeandIwerediscussinghowwe’dchosenouryoungestson’sname.Ihadavividmemoryofuswritingoutalistofpossiblenames,butstoppingafterjustafewbecausewe’dspottedonewebothloved.Mywifedisagreed.Inhermemory,we’dhadamuchlongerlist,andgonebackandchosenonefromthemiddleofthelist.Sowedugoutthepieceofpaperwe’dusedandfoundthatwe’dactuallydonesomethingcompletelydifferenttochooseNate’sname.Memorymistakeshappenonalargescale.The“MandelaEffect”iswhenlotsofpeoplehaveconfidentrecollectionsthatturnouttobewrong.ItwasnamedbyresearcherswhowerediscussingtheirstrongmemoriesofNelsonMandela’sdeathinprison—whenheactuallylivedfor23yearsafterhisrelease.Thereareplentyofotherexamplesofthisphenomenon.Ifyou’resurethatyourememberhearingawickedqueensay“Mirror,mirroronthewall,”you’veexperiencedityourself(shesays,“Magicmirroronthewall”instead).Sowhat’sgoingon?Well,forstarters,memoryoftenworksbyassociation,andsimilarbitsofinformationcanoverlapinourbrains.We’realsogoodat“fillingintheblanks”withdetailsthatarelogicalbutuntrue.What’smore,wheneverwerehearseamemory,wemakeitstronger—includinganybitsthatwerewrong.Butthere’splentyofgoodnewshere,too.Everyonemisremembers.Weshouldn’tbetoohardonourselveswhenwemakemistakes.Thementalassociationsthatsometimesleadtoerrorscanalsohelpustofindelusiveinformation.Ifyou’restrugglingwithsomeone’sname,trythinkingofthingsyouassociatewiththem,andseeifyourbraingetsthenudgeitneeds.Discussingyourmemoriesisgreatmentalexercise.Ithighlightsstrengthsandweaknesses,andletsyoulearntipsfromothers.Comparingmemoriesoftenbuildsamuchmoreaccuratepicture.Thatwascertainlytrueformywifeandme.Makesuretorememberthatrememberingisacreativeprocess:amazinglypowerful,andalsolikelytomakemistakes.1.What’sthefunctionofthefirstparagraph?A.Tointroducethetopic. B.Tomakecomparisons. C.Tosupporthisargument. D.Toprovideexamples.2.WhichoneisNOTthereasonformemorymistakes?A.Peoplecreatememorywithuntruedetails. B.Peopleforgetthedetailsthattheyexperience.C.Peoplehavesimilarbitsofinformationoverlapped. D.Peoplestrengthenmostlyeverythinginthememory.3.Whereisthetextprobablyfrom?A.Atextbook B.Anewsreport. C.Ahealthmagazine. D.Asciencefiction.BOneofthebasicexpectationsthepublichaveofdoctorsishonesty.ButwhatwouldyouthinkifItoldyouthatresearchhasshownthat70percentofdoctorsadmittedtolyingtotheirpatients?ThisseemsunimaginablebutIhavetoldliestoseveralpatientswhosespouseshaddied.Mrs.Waltonwasinhereightiesanddesperatetoseeherhusband.She’dbeeninhospitalafterafallandwasinpain.Shecalledoutforhimfrequentlyandcouldn’tunderstandwhyhewasn’ttheretocomforther.Shewasbecomingmoreupsetandwouldtrytogetuptofindhim,despitebeingatriskoffallingagain.“He’sonhisway,don’tworry,”thenurseswouldsayandthiswouldcalmherdown.She’dsmileandrollhereyesandsayhowhewasalwayslateforthingsandtellthesamestoryabouthimbeinglatefortheirweddingnearly60yearsago.Partofthenaturalhistoryofmanyofthedementias(痴呆),inparticularAlzheimer’sdiseasewhichiswhatMrs.Waltonhad,isthatthesuffererlosestheirmemoryofrecentevents,butretainsmemoriesfromthedistantpast.Sufferersaretrappedforeverinabewilderingpast.Itisacutelyupsettingandtormenting.ManyofthebehavioraldifficultiesthatIhaveseeninthosewithdementiarelatetothemfeelingscaredandconfusedthattheyaresurroundedbystrangepeople,evenwhentheyaresurroundedbytheirfamily,becausetheyhaveregressedbacktodecadesago.Theylookattheiradultchildrenconfusedandwonderwhotheycouldbebecausetheythinktheirchildrenarestilltoddlers.Howdoesonedealwiththis?Ihavehadcountlessfamiliesbreakdownintearsinclinics,notknowingwhattosayorhowtoreactastheirlovedonemovesfurtherandfurtherawayfromthembackintotheirdistantpastandtheyareleftbehindinthepresent.Theliesthatdoctorsandnursestellthesepatientsarenotbig,elaboratelies—theyarebriefreassurancesintendedtocomfortandallowthesubjecttobeswiftlychanged.Itis,whendoneintherightway,kindandcompassionate.Sometimes,honestyissimplynotthebestpolicy.4.WhywouldthenurseslietoMrs.Walton?A.Topersuadeherintotakingmedicine. B.Tocomfortherandchangethesubject.C.Tostophercomplainingaboutherhusband. D.Tobringherbacktomemoriesofoldtimes.5.Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A.Mrs.Walton’shusbandsufferedfromdementia.B.Mrs.Walton’shusbanddidnotwanttovisither.C.Mrs.Walton’shusbandhaddiedwhenshewasinthehospital.D.Mrs.Walton’shusbandwasonabusinesstripsohecouldnotmakeit.6.Whichofthefollowinghastheclosestmeaningtotheunderlinedwordinparagraph3?A.Confusing. B.Frightening. C.Regretful. D.Painful.7.What’stheauthor’sattitudetowardsdoctorstellingliestopatients?A.Supportive. B.Neutral. C.Indifferent. D.Critical.CFiftyyearsago,astronautstraveledtospaceinrocketsdesigned,built,andmaintainedbyNASAandpaidforbygovernmentfunding.Today,theastronautsareoftenbillionairesenjoyingajourneyintoloworbitonarockettheypaidforfromtheirbillion-dollarbankaccounts.Thechangefeelslikeagiantleap,butitmakessense,saysLauraSewardForczyk,founderofAstralyticalaspaceconsultingcompany.“Moreandmoreofmoderncivilizationreliesonspace,”shesays.HugenumbersofsatellitesorbittheplanetconnectingustoeverythingfromcellphonestoGPStoNetflixandthereisbigmoneyinmaintainingthosesystems.“Thisdoesn’tgetalotofheadlinestypicallybutthereareprofitreasonswhyprivatecompanieswanttogointospace,”saysForczyk.And85privatecompanieslearnmoreaboutputtingrocketsandsatellitesintospace,they’reabletohelpthelikesofNASAontheirmissions.That’simportantbecauseNASAitselfhasbecomefinanciallyconstrainedfromits1966peak,wherespendingonthespaceracetookup4.4percentofthefederalbudget,thatspendingisnowlessthan0.5percentofthecountry’stotalbudget.“NASAusingcommercialcompaniestobuildalotofthehardwaretodoalotofthoseservicesoftakingscientificpayloadstothesurfaceofthemoon,”saysForczyk.Thehopeisthatpeoplewillfollow—possiblyby2025,butmorerealistically,saysForczyk,by2030.Ifyou’rewonderingwhywe’regoingbacktothemoonsincemankindhasalreadywalkeditssurface,theansweristhatweexploredonlypartofit.“Weknowalotmore,butwealsoknowsoverylittle,”saysForczyk.“Sowewanttogobackwithpeopletolearnmore,butmoreimportantly,wewanttogobacktoliveandworkthere.”Someevenseethemoonasaneventualstagingareaforhumanexplorationofdeepspace.Marsisseenasthenextstepping-offpointtowardthefinalfrontier—thoughwhetherwe’llgetthereinourlifetimesisanotherquestion.8.Whatchangehastakenplaceinspacetravelnowadays?A.Themoonisthefinalfrontier,B.Thosewhopayfortherocketcanenjoythejourney.C.ThefederalgovernmentgivesNASAmorefinancialsupport.D.Rocketsaredesigned,built,andmaintainedbyprivatecompanies.9.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?A.MankindcanliveonMarsby2030. B.Wehaveexploredmostpartofthemoon.C.Spacetravelreliesonmoderncivilization. D.NASAcooperateswithprivatecompaniesonthemissions.10.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A.Whocangotospace? B.What’snextinspacetravel?C.What’sNASA’sfuturemission? D.Whydoprivatecompanieswanttogointospace?第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。AllAboutTheAbdominal(腹部的)Muscles(abs)Wantaflatterstomachandastrongercore,butprefertosteerwellclearofthegym?Don’texpectmiracles.____11____Buttheimportantthingistomakeyourabdominalmusclesstrongenoughtosupportyourbackandtoenableyoutoturn,twistandliftwithoutanyissues.Justaimtobeahealthyweightanddosomewell-targetedexercises.____12____Visualizeyourselfzippingup(拉上拉链)atightpairofjeans,andfeelyourbodylengthenandyourabdomenfirmup.KeepsyourabszippedandyourbottomtuckedunderfortheentiretyofthewalkThiswillstrengthenyourcore.Standononefoot.Here’saneasyone.Whenyou’reinaqueueinastore,liftonefootofthefloorandtrytobalance.Youshouldfeeyourbackandabdominalmusclescomingtoyouraidtohelpyoukeepyourbodystable.____13____Alwaysuseyourabswhenyouwarmup.Ratherthanwalkingormarchingtowarmupforaworkoutspendfivetotenminutesworkingonyourabsinstead.____14____DoaPilates(普拉提)class.Whileyoumightnotbekeenondoingweightsandmachinesinthegym,aPilatessessiononceaweekwillbenefityourabsandcore,aswellasyourlegsandarms.Tobeginwith,aclasswithacertifiedinstructorwillgivebestresults____15____.There’sanendlessselectionoftutorialsonYouTube.A.Selectarightpairofjeans.B.Zipupanimaginarypairofjeans.C.Thenfollowupathomewithavideo.D.Itwillwarmyouupjustaswellandbuildmuscleatthesametime.E.Theclasscanprovideyouwithmoreprofessionalandeffectiveinstructions.F.Athome,thisissomethingyoucandowhenyouwashuporcleanyourteeth.G.Onlytheverylean,whohavenoabdominalfatatall,arelikelytobeabletoachieveawashboardstomach(sixpacks).第三部分：语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)第一节(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填在空白处的最佳选项。AlmosteightyearsagoNixondecidedtobegineachdayfromabenchwithaspectacular____16____oftheSt.Petersburg,Florida,waterfront.“Icallit‘liferising’____17____watchingasunrisemakesmefeelcenteredbeforestartingmyday,”saidNixon,whoworksforthecity’swaterdepartment.Ayear____18____awomanstoppedtosayhello,andshesaidsomethingthat____19____hisviewpointonhisdailyroutine.Shesaid,“Youknow,everymorningwhenIseeyou____20____hereIknowthateverythingisgoingtobeOK,”Nixonrecalled.“That’swhenIknew:Ineededtopayattentiontothepeoplewalkingpast.Ineededtomakeeyecontactandletpeopleknowthatwematteredtoeachother.”Insteadof____21____straightaheadatthewaterfront,Nixonstartedsmilingatpeopleandstrikingup____22____.Andprettysoon,morethanafewearlyrisersbeganjoininghimonthe____23____,sometimesunburdeningthemselves,askinghimfor____24____aboutrelationships,careers,andpersonalproblems.“Nixonisthiscalm,constantpresence,”saidJeffFranzen,64,who____25____Nixonwhiletakingawalkalongthewaterfrontafewyearsago.“Hisuniquegiftisthathelistenstoeveryone.”It’s____26____that,saidDeeGlowa,whoisinherlate50s.ShemetNixonwhileoutstrollingthreeyearsago.“Helistenswithoutjudgmentand____27____anykindofreturnexpected.”“Iwas____28____tolisten,”Nixonsaid.“Iwantedthemto____29____knowingtheydidn’thavetofeelalone.Whenyou’reinyour50sand60sor____30____,alotofpeoplefeeltheirpurposehasn’tbeenfulfilled.Atthisstageinlife,thisisdefinitelymy____31____.”So,everymorning,weather____32____,Nixonrisesat4:30.Heputsonafedora,____33____acupofcoffee,andthendrivessevenmilestothewaterfront,____34____he’llstayfortwohours.His____35____andhisopennesstolistenhaveledsometonicknamehimtheSunshineMayor.16.A.outline B.view C.image D.impression17.A.so B.while C.because D.if18.A.around B.before C.ago D.later19.A.changed B.adopted C.got D.put20.A.standing B.jogging C.sitting D.strolling21.A.glancing B.staring C.glaring D.watching22.A.conversations B.friendships C.relationships D.greetings23.A.chair B.waterfront C.beach D.bench24.A.help B.advice C.solutions D.directions25.A.visited B.thanked C.met D.recognized26.A.ratherthan B.otherthan C.lessthan D.morethan27.A.for B.in C.with D.without28.A.happy B.honored C.grateful D.upset29.A.breakaway B.walkaway C.putaway D.takeaway30.A.so B.else C.beyond D.not31.A.purpose B.ambition C.goal D.attempt32.A.permitting B.admitting C.changing D.warming33.A.spills B.eats C.bites D.sips34.A.when B.which C.where D.what35.A.progress B.presence C.power D.position非选择题部分第三部分：语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。MissZhang,aChinesestudentfromSheridanCollegeinOntario,Canada,hasmadeasplash(引起关注)onlinebywearinghanfu—____36____(tradition)Chineseclothing—athergraduationceremony.HerboldchoicemixedChinesedesigns____37____Westerngown.____38____(decorate)withshoulderaccessoriesandlongsleeves,thecapandgownlookeddelicateandelegant.Shenotonly“didinCanadaastheCanadiansdo”,butalsoshowed____39____(she)culturalconfidence.Compliments____40____(pour)inafterthestudentsharedthevideocapturingherglamorous(富有魅力的)momentonhergraduationday,withmanynetizens____41____(say)herhanfuchoicewascertainlyaconfidentdisplayofChineseculture.Overwhelmed,____42____girlfromXi’an,Shaanxiprovince,thankedheradmirersfortheInternetattention,andsaidthatwearinghanfudoesnot____43____(necessary)makeonefeelconfident—itisthe____44____(believe)fromwithininthebeautyandstrengthsofournation____45____makesusconfident.第四部分：写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节应用文写作(满分15分)46.假如你是李华，上周六你参加了在市博物馆举办的文化遗产展览，请向你的外国笔友Peter介绍本次展览，内容包括：1.展览内容；2.你的感受。注意：1.词数80左右；2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3.开头已给出，不计入总词数。________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第二节读后续写(满分25分)47.阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。Forthemostpart,Hank,atwo-year-oldtan-and-whiterescuecat,isahomebody—andforgoodreason.TheonetimehegotouthisyardinWashington,DC,hemanagedtogetstuckina12-metre-talltreefortwodayswithnofoodorwater.Hank’sbigadventurestartedlastNovember6.DeloresBushong,his75-year-oldowner,hadjustreturnedfromafarmer’smarketwhensherealizedHankhadn’tcomeinforhismiddaysnack.Shecalledhisnameinalleysandstreetsaroundherhome.Asitgotdark,shebegantoworry.Thensheheardmewing,lookedup,andspottedHank,perchedonabranchnearthetopofaneighbor’stree.BusbongbelievesHankgotunderafenceandthenbecamescaredbysomedogs.Themorescaredhegot,thehigherheclimbed.“Catshaveanamazingabilitytoclimbuptrees,butactuallytheyaren’tthatgoodatclimbingdown,”saidDanD’Eramo,directoroffieldservicesfortheHumaneRescueAlliance(HRA).BushongnowworriedaboutgettingHankdown,askedtheHRAtotakethelead,butitwasnoeasytaskHRAcalledthefiredepartment,butitrefusedtohelp,citingsafetyconcerns.ThenBushongcalledaconstructioncompanytoaskaboutrentingscaffolding(脚手架)butwastoldshewouldhavetobooktheequipment48daysinadvance.注意：1.所续写的短文词数应为150左右；2.至少使用5个短文中标有下划线的关键词语；3.续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；4.续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。Paragraph1:Seeingthis,theneighborscametoHank’srescue.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Paragraph2:Onceontheground,BushongscoopedHankintoherarms,holdinghimclose.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2022学年第一学期浙江省名校协作体试题高二年级英语学科选择题部分第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.WhatisthewomangoingtodothisSunday?A.Repairachair.B.Seeadoctor.C.Goshopping.2.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Asinger.B.Afriend.C.Anaward3.Howmanystudentswillattendtheactivityatlast?A.10.B.8.C.6.4.Howdoesthemanfeelaboutteachingkids?A.Toodull.B.Alittlehard.C.Alwaystiring.5.Wherearethespeakersnow?A.Inabank.B.Inthelibrary.C.Inastore.第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Wheredocstheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Onatrain.B.AraticketofficeC.Ataninformationdesk.7.Whenistheraingoingtoleave?A.At9:15.B.At9:35.C.At11:25.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.Whoisthewoman?A.Adoctor.B.Asecretary.C.Aclient.9.WhatdoesthemanhavetodoonTuesday?A.Seeadoctor.B.Meetaclient.C.Finishareport.10.Whatwillthewomandonext?A.Examinetheman.B.Lieinbed.C.Drawblood.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.Whatdayisittoday?A.Friday.B.Saturday.C.Sunday.12.Whatdothespeakersusuallybuy?A.Flowers.B.Dresses.C.Cards.13.Whydon’tthespeakersbuyawatch?A.Theirmotherdoesn’tlikeit.B.Theycan’taffordagoodone.C.Theirmotheralreadyhasone.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Strangers.B.Roommates.C.Neighbors.15.WheredidHarrygettheinformationabouttheapartment?A.Fromagoodfriend.B.FromMrs.Hamilton.C.FromtheInternet16.Howmanybedroomsarethereintheapartment?A.Three.B.Two.C.One.17.WhatdoesthewomanaskHarrytodo?A.Paytherentfirst.B.Cometoseetheflat.C.Callherthismorning.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18.Whatbringsurprisetopeopleaccordingtothespeaker?A.Thecostofatoy.B.Thearrivalofastorm.C.Themomentofopeningabox.19.Wherewastheideafromaccordingtothespeaker?A.ChinaB.Japan.C.America20.WhatisWangNing’sattitudetowardthefutureofPopMar?A.Disappointed.B.Ambiguous.C.Hopeful.第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分35分)第一节(共10小题；每小题2.5分，满分25分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ALastweek,mywifeandIwerediscussinghowwe’dchosenouryoungestson’sname.Ihadavividmemoryofuswritingoutalistofpossiblenames,butstoppingafterjustafewbecausewe’dspottedonewebothloved.Mywifedisagreed.Inhermemory,we’dhadamuchlongerlist,andgonebackandchosenonefromthemiddleofthelist.Sowedugoutthepieceofpaperwe’dusedandfoundthatwe’dactuallydonesomethingcompletelydifferenttochooseNate’sname.Memorymistakeshappenonalargescale.The“MandelaEffect”iswhenlotsofpeoplehaveconfidentrecollectionsthatturnouttobewrong.ItwasnamedbyresearcherswhowerediscussingtheirstrongmemoriesofNelsonMandela’sdeathinprison—whenheactuallylivedfor23yearsafterhisrelease.Thereareplentyofotherexamplesofthisphenomenon.Ifyou’resurethatyourememberhearingawickedqueensay“Mirror,mirroronthewall,”you’veexperiencedityourself(shesays,“Magicmirroronthewall”instead).Sowhat’sgoingon?Well,forstarters,memoryoftenworksbyassociation,andsimilarbitsofinformationcanoverlapinourbrains.We’realsogoodat“fillingintheblanks”withdetailsthatarelogicalbutuntrue.What’smore,wheneverwerehearseamemory,wemakeitstronger—includinganybitsthatwerewrong.Butthere’splentyofgoodnewshere,too.Everyonemisremembers.Weshouldn’tbetoohardonourselveswhenwemakemistakes.Thementalassociationsthatsometimesleadtoerrorscanalsohelpustofindelusiveinformation.Ifyou’restrugglingwithsomeone’sname,trythinkingofthingsyouassociatewiththem,andseeifyourbraingetsthenudgeitneeds.Discussingyourmemoriesisgreatmentalexercise.Ithighlightsstrengthsandweaknesses,andletsyoulearntipsfromothers.Comparingmemoriesoftenbuildsamuchmoreaccuratepicture.Thatwascertainlytrueformywifeandme.Makesuretorememberthatrememberingisacreativeprocess:amazinglypowerful,andalsolikelytomakemistakes.1.What’sthefunctionofthefirstparagraph?A.Tointroducethetopic. B.Tomakecomparisons. C.Tosupporthisargument. D.Toprovideexamples.2.WhichoneisNOTthereasonformemorymistakes?A.Peoplecreatememorywithuntruedetails. B.Peopleforgetthedetailsthattheyexperience.C.Peoplehavesimilarbitsofinformationoverlapped. D.Peoplestrengthenmostlyeverythinginthememory.3.Whereisthetextprobablyfrom?A.Atextbook B.Anewsreport. C.Ahealthmagazine. D.Asciencefiction.【答案】1.A2.B3.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了记忆错误发生的普遍性，并分析了这一现象产生的原因及应对措施。【1题详解】推理判断题。根据第一自然段的事例以及第二自然段第一句“Memorymistakeshappenonalargescale.(记忆错误会大规模发生。)”可知，作者通过第一自然段“我和妻子给小儿子选择名字的记忆”来引入“记忆错误”这一主题。故选A。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据第三自然段“Well,forstarters,memoryoftenworksbyassociation,andsimilarbitsofinformationcanoverlapinourbrains.We’realsogoodat“fillingintheblanks”withdetailsthatarelogicalbutuntrue.What’smore,wheneverwerehearseamemory,wemakeitstronger—includinganybitsthatwerewrong.(首先，记忆通常是通过联想来工作的，类似的信息在我们的大脑中会重叠。我们也擅长用逻辑性但不真实的细节“填空”。更重要的是，每当我们排练一段记忆时，我们都会让它变得更强，包括任何错误的记忆。)”可知，A项“人们用不真实的细节创造记忆”、C项“人们将相似的信息重叠”和D项“人们增强了记忆中的一切”都是记忆错误的原因，B项没有提及。故选B。【3题详解】推理判断题。本文主要介绍了记忆错误这一现象，并分析了该现象产生的原因及应对措施。记忆属于大脑活动，故这篇文章最有可能选自于健康杂志。A.Atextbook.教科书；B.Anewsreport.新闻报道；C.Ahealthmagazine.健康杂志；D.Asciencefiction.科幻小说。故选C。BOneofthebasicexpectationsthepublichaveofdoctorsishonesty.ButwhatwouldyouthinkifItoldyouthatresearchhasshownthat70percentofdoctorsadmittedtolyingtotheirpatients?ThisseemsunimaginablebutIhavetoldliestoseveralpatientswhosespouseshaddied.Mrs.Waltonwasinhereightiesanddesperatetoseeherhusband.She’dbeeninhospitalafterafallandwasinpain.Shecalledoutforhimfrequentlyandcouldn’tunderstandwhyhewasn’ttheretocomforther.Shewasbecomingmoreupsetandwouldtrytogetuptofindhim,despitebeingatriskoffallingagain.“He’sonhisway,don’tworry,”thenurseswouldsayandthiswouldcalmherdown.She’dsmileandrollhereyesandsayhowhewasalwayslateforthingsandtellthesamestoryabouthimbeinglatefortheirweddingnearly60yearsago.Partofthenaturalhistoryofmanyofthedementias(痴呆),inparticularAlzheimer’sdiseasewhichiswhatMrs.Waltonhad,isthatthesuffererlosestheirmemoryofrecentevents,butretainsmemoriesfromthedistantpast.Sufferersaretrappedforeverinabewilderingpast.Itisacutelyupsettingandtormenting.ManyofthebehavioraldifficultiesthatIhaveseeninthosewithdementiarelatetothemfeelingscaredandconfusedthattheyaresurroundedbystrangepeople,evenwhentheyaresurroundedbytheirfamily,becausetheyhaveregressedbacktodecadesago.Theylookattheiradultchildrenconfusedandwonderwhotheycouldbebecausetheythinktheirchildrenarestilltoddlers.Howdoesonede