北师大版高中英语必修五第8讲：Unit-15-Learning-词汇篇2(学生版)

Unit15Learning词汇篇2____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________通过本节课，学生可掌握unit15中重点句型及其用法，并通过各个题型的练习，巩固词汇基础，提升综合解题能力。一、重点句型1.NowI'mabouttograduatefromtheSchoolofContinuingEducationatQinghuaUniversitywithaBachelor'sDegreeinComputerEngineeringbydistancelearning.

现在我通过远程学习即将从清华大学的继续教育学院毕业，获得计算机工程专业的学士学位。·

基本用法：1.beabouttodo....即将...；马上...2.with短语在句中充当伴随状语的成分。2.Ithinkthatgettinglaidoffwillprovetobethebestthingthateverhappenedtome.

我觉得被解雇将证明是发生在我身上的最好的一件事。·

基本用法1.此句为主从复合句，think后面的that从句是宾语从句，that是连词，不作成分，可以省略掉；getting

laidoff是动名词做主语，同时，getdone是一个系表结构，表示被动；thebestthing后面的that从句是定语从句，修饰先行词thing，that是关系代词，在从句中充当主语。2.provetobe...证明是...prove既可以用做行为动词，又可以做系动词。当用作行为动词时，含义是“证明....”;而当用作系动词时，含义是“被证明是”。一般来说，联系动词本身含有被动含义，所以不再用于被动语态。后面往往跟形容词或tobe

或名词或分词做表语。Heprovedthetheoryanditprovedtobecorrect.他证明了那个理论，理论被证明是正确的。Heprovedtobeunequaltothejob.他不能胜任那个工作。3.IdecidedthatitwastimeIbecameanInternetuser.

我断定是成为互联网用户的时候了。·

基本用法此句为主从复合句，that引导的是宾语从句。Itwastime(that)....该做....了

Itis(high)timethat后面的从句谓语动词要用过去式或用should加动词原形，但should不可省略。如：Itistimethatthechildrenwenttobed.

=Itishightimethatthechildrenshouldgotobed.孩子们该上床睡觉了。相关句型还有It'stimeforsb.todosth.某人该做某事的时候了4.Foundedin1896,TredonaSchoolisproudofitslonglistofoutstandingpaststudents.

创办于

1896

年，Tredona

学校为长串的卓著的过去的学生感到骄傲。·

基本用法1.此句中，过去分词短语foundedin1896作状语，与句子的主语TredonaSchool有逻辑上的动宾关系。​2.beproudof意为“为...感到骄傲，自豪”。3.list意为“名单，清单”5....Ihatetothinkwhatwillbecomeofmyreputationasanexcellentaccountant!

我不敢想对于我这个优秀会计的名声会发生什么!

·

基本用法1.

此句为主从复合句，what引导是宾语从句，在从句充当主语。2.becomeof=happento（使）遭遇；（使）发生，（结果）怎么样Whathasbecomeofmydictionary?Whenwewerewonderingwhathadbecomeoftheotherfarmers,theysuddenlyshowedup.注：becomeof通常与作主语的what,whatever连用。6.IsupposeIwasabitlazyandnowIwishI'ddonemorework,especiallyinmaths.

我想我当时有点懒，现在我真希望当时能多做些努力，尤其是在数学上。·

基本用法1.此句为主从复合句,Iwasabitlazy是宾语从句，省略了引导词that。I’ddonemorework...也是宾语从句，省略了引导词that。2.

abit有点，稍微。如：Hethinksthevegetableisabittasteless.他觉得蔬菜没有什么味道。Yourarticleisabitlongforourpaper.你的文章对我们的报纸而言长了一点。注意：abit和abitof以及alittle的区别。abit

修饰动词、形容词、副词和比较级，abitof

修饰名词!abit和alittle都作"一点儿"讲，但用法不同。(1).abit和alittle在肯定句中修饰动词、形容词、副词和比较级时可以互换，表示"一点儿"的意思。例如：Thespeakerspokeupabit/alittlesoastomakehimselfheardmoreclearly.演讲者把嗓门提高了一点儿，以便使别人听得更清楚。

(2).abit和alittle在否定句中的意思恰恰相反，notabit相当于"notatall"(一点儿都不)；notalittle相当于"very(much)"或"extremely"(很、非常)。例如：Sheisnotabittired.(=Sheisnottiredatall.)她一点都不累。(3).alittle可以直接作定语修饰名词，而abit则要在后面加of构成短语才能作定语,两者都只能修饰不可数名词。例如：Thereisalittle/abitoffoodleftforlunch.

午饭只能吃剩下的一点食品了。(4).abitof的另一种形式是bitsof，alittle则没有这种变体。例如:Besidesthis,heusedpartofanold

armywirelessset,

andsomebitsofwood.除此之外，他还利用了一部分旧的军用无线电发报机的一部分零件和一些木片。3.wish后面引导了一个表示愿意的从句，用的是虚拟语气。wish+that从句用一般过去时，表示现在愿望；从句用过去完成时，表示过去的愿望；从句用“could/would+动词原形，表示将来愿望。IwishIwereascleverasyou.IwishIhadnotwastedsomuchtimeinthepast.IwishIcouldgotoafamousuniversityoneday.7.IknowthatIwasn'tawillingstudentandIshouldn'thavebeensodifficultatschool,butit

wasprobablybecauseIlackedconfidenceinmyself.

我知道我上学时不是一个特别听话的学生，而且原本不该那么难管教，但那时可能是因为我缺乏自信。·

基本用法1.thatiwasn'tawillingstudent....是宾语从句，but连接的是并列复合句，表示转折。because引导是表语从句。2.

shouldn'thavedone本不该做某事儿实际做了。是一种虚拟语气，表示对过去所发生事情的后悔，责备，遗憾等。should/oughttohavedone.本应该做某事而实际没做。如：Youshouldn'thavedoneitwithoutconsultingme.你不该没有询问我就做了那件事。Youshouldhavetoldmeearlier.你本应该早点儿告诉我的。（实际上没有早点儿告诉）3.lackconfidenceinoneself对自己缺乏自信8.Whoquestionsmuch,shalllearnmuch,andremembermuch.

勤于提问的人将学到更多，记住的也多。·

基本用法1.此句为主从复合句，who引导的是主语从句，在从句中充当主语。2.shall的用法：与第一人称连用，表示将来。如：WeshallbelandinginPairsinsixteenminutes,exactlyontime.与第一、三人称连用，表示委婉地提出请求或征求意见。ShallItelephoneherandaskhertocomehere?与第二、三人称连用，表示强制、命令、威胁、警告、允诺、义务等。Youshallpayforit!（通常指按照规则或法律规定）必须，一定Therulesayseveryoneshallnotmakenoisesinpublicplaces.9.Itseemsobviousnowhowweacquireknowledgeandunderstanding.

现在，我们如何获取知识和理解似乎显而易见。·

基本用法1.此句为主从复合句，how引导的主语从句后置，前面的it作形式主语。2.Itseemsobvious似乎很明显.....seem意为”好像，仿佛，似乎“。当主语是人或物时，后跟adj./adv./prep./n./todo还有，”Itseems+从句“的结构。如：Thestoryseemsveryinteresting.这个故事似乎很有意思。Theyseemtobeintroublenow.他们似乎陷入麻烦了。Tomseemstobeaniceboy.汤姆似乎是个好孩子。Iseemtohavelostallmyself-confidence.我似乎已经失去自信了。Itseemsasifitisgoingtorain.似乎要下雨了。10.However,inthe17thcenturywhenFrancisBaconsuggestedthatthistypeofthinkingwas

thewaytogainknowledge,hewasgoingagainsttheviewsoftheday.

然而，在17世纪，当弗兰西斯培根提出这种思维是获取知识的方式时，他背离了当时的观念。·

基本用法1.此句为主从复合句，that引导的是宾语从句。此句中suggest是"表明"的意思，所以不用虚拟语气。2.theway+不定式/ofdoingsth./that或inwhich省略关系词引导的定语从句。如：Hehasagoodwaytomakehisclassinteresting.Freezingisn'tabadwayofpreservingfood.Idon'tlikethewaythebeggarsaretreatedinourcity.3.view观点，看法；景色；视野；风景照如：haveastrongpoliticalviewsamountain/seaviewhaveagoodviewabookwithviewsofPairs4.goagainst反对例1.Chinaopeneditsdoortotheoutsideworldin1978.

thathadfar-reachingeffects.A.DidanewdevelopmentcomethenB.CamethenanewdevelopmentC.ThencameanewdevelopmentD.Thendidanewdevelopmentcome例2.Tomakesurethatrelicsinthemuseumarewell-preserved,Tibet'sculturalpreservationinstitutionshave

moderntechnologiestomonitortheconditionsoftherelics.A.adaptedB.appliedC.appointedD.abolished例3.Thenextmoment,

shehadtimetorealizewhatwashappening,shewashitoverthehead.A.beforeB.whenC.sinceD.as例4.---Iletmysecretarycallyouseveraltimes.Doyouknowthat?---I

inameeting.I'msorry.A.hadbeenB.wasC.amD.havebeen例5.Youdon'thavetoknowthenameoftheauthortofindabook.You

findthebookbythetitle.A.mustB.needC.canD.would基础演练一、单词拼写1.Thea

ofatriangleaddupto180degrees.2.Theboy,unwillingtotakeexercise,fellbehindhisfather,d

hisfeet.3.Wetwograduatedfromthesameschool.Wearef

students.4.Inmanycountries,itisconsideredtoberudeto

(吐痰)inpublic.5.Theonly

(进入之路)tothefarmhouseisacrossthefields.二、翻译（单词短语翻译）6.setoff

7.因缺乏…

8.setup

9.catchsb.doingsth.

10.beeagertodosth.

巩固提高一、翻译（根据中文提示完成句子）1.学生按自己的速度学习，老师很少进行测试。Studentsstudy

theirown

andtheteachersseldomsettests.2.教给学生真正的生活技巧以提高他们的整体素质是我们的目标。Ourgoalisto

thestudents'wholebeingby

eachofthemreallifeskills.3.由于学校声誉好但地方有限，学生应早来申请。

thelimitednumberofplacesandourexcellent

,studentsshould

early.4.我们的老师从事教学工作并让学生参与学习过程。(词数不限)Ourteachersare

teachandgetstudentsto

inthelearningprocess.5.难道你不认为应该慢慢来吗?Don'tyouthinkyoushould

things

?6.我想我当时有点懒，现在我真希望当时能多做些努力，特别是在数学方面。(词数不限)IsupposeIwasabitlazyandnowIwishI

morework,especiallyinmaths.7.我不知道原子是什么东西，并且我也不想知道!Ihadnoidea

anatomwasandIdidn'treallywanttoknow

!8.他非常聪明，本该在其他所有课程中做得更好一些。Hewasverybrightand

muchbetterinallhisothersubjects.9.老师的责任就是进入学生的内心世界。(词数不限)Thethingabout

ateacheris

youhave

students'mind.10.作为教师我能做的是把像格雷厄姆那样的孩子变成一个成功的成年人。

Idoasateachercanhelp

achildlikeGrahamintosuchasuccessfuladult.一、单项选择1.---Howabouteighto'clockoutsidethecinema?---That

mefine.A.fitsB.meetsC.satisfiesD.suits2.Eatingtoomuchfatcan

heartdiseasesandcausehighbloodpressure.A.resultfromB.attendtoC.contributetoD.devoteto3.You'rewelcometocomewithusnowinourcar.

youcouldgolaterwithMary.It'suptoyou.A.AlternativelyB.AlternativeC.TochooseD.Toalter4.Scientistshavetoworkhardtokeep

withmoderndiscoveriesanddevelopments.A.companyB.trackC.paceD.touch5.Helookedathisface

inthemirror.A.reflectB.reflectingC.reflectedD.toreflect6.Anoticewas

inordertoremindthestudentsofthechangedlecturetime.A.sentupB.givenupC.setupD.putup7.Chinahasgotagood

forfightingagainstthefluwithitscarefulandsmoothorganization.A.reputationB.influenceC.impressionD.knowledge8.I'mamazedtohearfrommyschoolteacheragain.

,itistenyearssincewemetlast.A.InawordB.What'smoreC.That'stosayD.Believeitornot9.Atthemeetingtheydiscussedthreedifferent

tothestudyofmathematics.A.approachesB.meansC.methodsD.ways10.---Shallwegototheartexhibitionrightaway?---

.A.It'syouropinionB.Idon'tmindC.It'salluptoyouD.That'syourdecision11.Thetwogirlsaregettingonverywellandshare

witheachother.A.littleB.muchC.someD.none12.TomorrowisTom'sbirthday.Haveyougotanyidea

thepartyistobeheld?A.whatB.whichC.thatD.where13.Itoldyourfriendhowtogettothehotel,butperhapsI

havedrivenherthere.A.couldB.mustC.nightD.should14.---Hesaysthatmynewcarisa

ofmoney.---Don'tyouthinkthosewordsarejustsourgrapes?A.lackB.loadC.questionD.waste15.HowIwishI

hisadvice!A.wouldn'tfollowB.didn'tfollowC.hadn'tfollowedD.werenotfollowed__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________单项选择1.Eventhoughtheconferencehallisnearhisapartment,hehastohurryalittleifhewantstobe_____.（2015湖北27）A.accurate B.punctual C.efficient D.reasonable2.Idon’tthinkwhathesaidis_____tothetopicwearediscussing.Hehasmissedthepoint.（2015湖北28）A.faithful B.parallel C.relevant D.similar3.Thegirlusedtobeshy,butis_______gettingactiveingroupworkandismorewillingtoexpressherself.（2015湖北29）A.gradually B.usually C.previously D.merely4.Andyiscontentwiththetoy.Itishehasevergot.（2015四川7）A.abetter B.thebetter C.abest D.thebest5.IfyoucometovisitChina,youwill______acultureofamazingdepthandvariety.（2015安徽22）A.develop B.create C.substitute D.experience二、阅读理解ASorrytosay,ourbrainsnaturallystartslowingdownattheCrueltyyoungageof30.Itusedtobethoughtthatthiscouldn'tbehelped,butnewstudiesshowthatpeopleofanyagecantraintheirbrainstoworkfaster."Yourbrainisalearningmachine,"saysUniversityofCaliforniascientistDr.MichaelMerzenich.Giventherighttools,wecantrainourbrainstoactliketheydidwhenwewereyounger.Allthat'srequiredisthepracticedesignedjustforthepurpose:afewexercisesforthemind.Merzenichhasdevelopedacomputer-basedtrainingmethodtospeeduptheprocess（过程）inwhichthebraindealswithinformation(posit).Sincemuchofthedatawereceivecomesthroughspeech,theBrainFitnessProgramworkswithlanguageandhearingtobetterspeedandaccuracy（准确性）.Overthecourseoftraining,theprogramstartsaskingyoutodistinguish（辨别）sounds(between"dog"and"bog",forexample)atanincreasinglyfasterspeed.It'sabitliketennisinstructor,saysMerzenich,hittingballsatyoufasterandfastertokeepyouchallenged（受到挑战）.Youmaystartoutslow,butbeforelongyou'reprettyquick.Thebiggestfindinginbrainresearchinthelasttenyearsisthatthebrainatanyageishighlyplastic.Ifyouaskyourbraintolearn,itwilllearn.Anditmayevenspeedupwhileintheprocess.Tokeepyourbrainyoungandplasticyoucandooneofamillionnewactivitiesthatchallengeandexciteyou:playingtabletennisorbridge,doingcrosswordpuzzles,learningalanguage...."Whenitcomestopreventingaging,youreallydo'useitorloseit’,"saysBarbaraSahakian,professoratCambridgeUniversity.1.Dr.Merzenich'strainingmethodmainlydependson

.A.speechtrainingB.computerlanguagesC.theactivitiesonejoinsinD.theinformationbeingdealtwith2.Bysaying"thebrainatanyageishighlyplastic",thewriterprobablymeansthebraincanbe

.A.usedB.masteredC.developedD.researched3.Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?A.Practicemakesaquickmind.B.Brainresearchstartedtenyearsago.C.Dr.Merzenichisascientistincomputer.D.Peoplebelievednothingcouldstopthebrainslowingdown.4.Whichofthefollowingagreeswiththewriter'sidea?A.Thetrainingmethodsworkbetterfortheold.B.Peopleshouldusethebraintostopitfromaging.C.Thetrainingofthebrainshouldstartatanearlyage.D.It'snecessarytotakepartinasmanyactivitiesaspossible.BProfessorBarryWellmanoftheUniversityofTorontoinCanadahasinventedatermtodescribethewaymanyNorthAmericansinteract（互动）thesedays.Thetermis"networkedindividualism".Thisconceptisnoteasytounderstandbecausethewordsseemtohaveoppositemeanings.Howcanwebeindividuals（个体）andbenetworkedatthesametime?Youneedotherpeoplefornetworks.HereiswhatProfessorWellmanmeans.BeforetheinventionoftheInternetande-mail,oursocialnetworksincludedliveinteractionswithrelatives,neighbors,andfriends.Someoftheinteractionwasbyphone,butitwasstillvoicetovoice,persontoperson,inrealtime.ArecentresearchstudybythePewInternetandAmericanLifeProjectshowedthatforalotofpeople,electronicinteractionthroughthecomputerhasreplacedthisperson-to-personinteraction.However,alotofpeopleinterviewedforthePewstudysaythat'sagoodthing.Why?Inthepast,manypeoplewereworriedthattheInternetisolated（孤立）usandcausedustospendtoomuchtimeintheimaginaryworldofthecomputer.ButthePewstudydiscoveredthattheoppositeistrue.TheInternetconnectsuswithmorerealpeoplethanexpected—helpfulpeoplewhocangiveadviceoncareers,medicalproblems,raisingchildren,andchoosingaschoolorcollege.About60millionAmericanstoldPewthattheInternetplaysanimportantroleinhelpingthemmakemajorlifedecisions.Thankstothecomputer,weareabletobealoneandtogetherwithotherpeople-atthesametime!1.Theunderlinedphrase"networkedindividualism"probablymeansthatbyusingcomputerspeople

.A.sticktotheirownwaysnomatterwhatotherpeoplesayB.havetherightsandfreedomtodothingsoftheirowninterestC.dothingsintheirownwaysandexpressopinionsdifferentfromotherpeopleD.areabletokeeptothemselvesbutatthesametimereachouttootherpeople2.AccordingtothePewstudy,whatdomanypeoplerelyontomakemajorlifedecisions?A.Networks.B.Friends.C.Phones.D.Parents.3.ItcanbeinferredfromthePewstudythat

.A.peoplehavebeenseparatedfromeachotherbyusingcomputersB.theInternetmakespeoplewastealotoftimeandfeelverylonelyC.theInternethasbecomeatoolforanewkindofsocialcommunicationD.alotofpeopleregardtheperson-to-personcommunicationasago