陕西省2023-2024学年高三年级下册2月大联考英语试题(解析版)

陕西省2023-2024学年高三下学期2月大联考

英语试题

第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）

略

第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

A

FouroftheWorld'sToughestUltramarathons

Ultramarathons,asanicheactivity（4、众¥舌动），involvelongerracesthantheusual42.2-kilometer

marathon.Herearefourofthetoughestultramarathonsaroundtheglobe,attractingrunnersto

challengethemselves.

Badwater135

Badwater135isa217-kilometertrek（长途跋涉）fromCalifornia^DeathValleytotheMt.

Whitneytrailhead.SomeofthehottesttemperaturesonEarthhavebeenrecordedhere,andifsnot

unusualforrunnerstofacetemperaturesaround48.9℃duringtheJulyevent.Participantstypically

dressinwhiteandsteponlyontheroad'swhitepaintedmarkings,astheblacktop（柏油路）melts

oboes.

BarkleyMarathons

There9snoquestionthattheBarkleyMarathonsisonetoughrace,forits99percentdropoutrate.

Sinceitsstartin1986,only17peoplehavemanagedtocompleteitsapproximate161kilometers.

Ifsdifficultonlybecausetherearenomarkersoraidstationsonthecourse,andrunnersmustfind

thewaywithoutphonesorGPSdevices,runningthroughthethickforestandclimbingupanddown

mountains.

MarathondesSables

This250-kilometertrekthroughtheSaharaDesertbeganin1986.Participantshavetocarrytheir

ownfoodandsleepingequipmentforsevendaysacrossunendingsand,andthetemperaturesthere

takeover37.8℃.Participantsexperiencesunbum,poisonoussnakesandmaybeevensandstorms.

MontaneYukonArcticUltra

Knownastheworld'scoldestandhardestultramarathon,thisFebruaryeventcovers692kilometers

witha13-daytimelimit.Runnerscanfacetemperatureswellbelow0℃,plusthestrongcoldwind.

Freshsnoworhighwindscanmakethejourneyextremelychallenging,whilerivercrossingcanbe

deadlyiftheiceisunstable.

1.WhatdoBadwater135andMarathondesSableshaveincommon?

A.Runnersmayencounterwildanimals.

B.Runnersmustwearlight-coloredclothes.

C.Runnersmaysufferextremeheat.

D.Runnerswillbeofferedenoughfood.

2.Whichissuitableforrunnerswithagoodsenseofdirection?

A.Badwater135.B.BarkleyMarathons.

C.MarathondesSables.D.MontaneYukonArcticUltra.

3.WhatisspecialaboutMontaneYukonArcticUltra?

A.Itsetsnoroadsigns.B.Ithasahighdropoutrate.

C.Itinvolveslotsoffunskiing.D.Itcoversthelongestdistance.

【语篇解读】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了世界上最艰难的四场超级马拉松。

K答案X1.C2.B3.D

【1题详析】

细节理解题。根据第二段“SomeofthehottesttemperaturesonEarthhavebeenrecordedhere,

andifsnotunusualforrunnerstofacetemperaturesaround48.9℃duringtheJulyevent.（这里i己

录了一些地球上最热的温度，在7月的比赛中，跑步者面临48.9℃左右的温度并不罕见）”

以及第四段uParticipantshavetocarrytheirownfoodandsleepingequipmentforsevendays

acrossunendingsand,andthetemperaturestheretakeover37.8℃.（参力口者必须携带自己的食物

和睡眠设备,在长达7天的时间里穿越无尽的沙滩,那里的温度超过37.8C）”可知,Badwater

135和MarathondesSables的共同之处是跑步者可能会遭受极端高温。故选C。

【2题详析】

细节理解题。根据第三段"It'sdifficultonlybecausetherearenomarkersoraidstationsonthe

course,andrunnersmustfindthewaywithoutphonesorGPSdevices,runningthroughthethick

forestandclimbingupanddownmountains.（比赛之所以困难，只是因为赛道上没有路标或辅

助站，选手们必须在没有手机或GPS设备的情况下找到路，在茂密的森林中奔跑，在山上

爬上爬下）”可知，BarkleyMarathons适合方向感好的跑步者。故选B。

【3题详析】

细节理解题。根据最后一段“Knownastheworld'scoldestandhardestultramarathon,this

Februaryeventcovers692kilometerswitha13-daytimelimit.（被称为世界上最冷、最艰难的超

级马拉松，今年2月举行的比赛全长692公里，时限为13天）”可知，MontaneYukonArctic

Ultra的特别之处是四个马拉松中覆盖距离最长的。故选D。

B

JillWrighfsson,Harry,wasanaturalperformer.FromlearningdancemovesonTVat18monthsto

winningatalentcontestatseven,hisloveforthestagewasevidentearlyon.Histalentledhimtobe

aperformerinTheBookofMormononWestEndby20.However,atragicturncamewhenHarry

wasdiagnosedwithabraintumor（肿瘤）and,afterabravebattle,passedawayin2019,attheageof

25.HisdeathupturnedWright'slife.

Thisyear,at61,WrightstagedashowwrittenbyHarry,atSt.Paul'sChurchinhismemory.After

workingfor40yearsasaspeechandlanguagetherapist（治疗专家）forchildrenwithspecialneeds,

shehasswitchedcareerstobecomeadresser,amoveinspiredbyHarry'sownsuggestionsduring

hislifetime,asWrightmadecostumesforHarrythroughouthischildhood.Harry'sdeathallowed

hertoreflectandprepareforchange.

However,thechangewasn'teasy.Formonths,shesentherCV（简历）totheatresandproductionsto

noavail.Finally,WrighfspersistencepaidoffwhenshereceivedajobofferasadresserforLes

Miserables.Embracinghernewrole,shefoundjoyandcomfortinherwork,dressingfour

performersandalsoprovidingemotionalsupport.NowWrightworksoneightshowsoverasix-day

weekandleavesthetheatreatabout10:45pmafteraneveningperformance,beforereturninghome

toChingford,EastLondon.Thehourshavegivenheranewunderstandingofthedemandinglife

Harryonceled.

Wrighthasexperiencedlossbefore.Shewas22whenherhusband,whomshehadmarriedtwo

yearsearlier,diedsuddenlyfromaheartattack.Theseexperienceshaveshapedherunderstanding

andphilosophyoflife.eventsandcircumstancescanpavethewayforanewfuture.Evenin

ourdarkestdays,thereisalighttobefound.Happinessandsadnesscancoexistinourdailylives,“

Wrightsaid.

4.WhatmotivatedWrighttochangehercareer?

A.Thedeathofherhusband.B.Emotionalsupportfromfriends.

C.TheinfluenceandmemoryofHarry.D.Alongdesiretoworkinthetheatre.

5.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“tonoavail"mean?

A.Withgreathope.B.Withnooutcome.

C.Withconsiderableeffort.D.Withprofessionalhelp.

6.WhatcanweknowaboutWrightfromthelastparagraph?

A.Shegotmarriedattheageof20.B.Shesufferedfromaheartattack.

C.Herhusbandaffectedheralot.D.Hercareermetmanychallenges.

7.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeJillWright?

A.Gentleandoutgoing.B.Talentedandtough.

C.Sincereandthoughtful.D.Humorousandconservative.

【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了，因儿子哈里生前的建议，61岁的吉尔•赖特

转行成为了一名化妆师，到处投简历，最终收到了《悲惨世界》化妆师的工作邀请，她在工

作中找到了快乐和安慰，对哈里曾经过的艰苦生活有了新的认识，她认为不愉快的经历塑造

了她对生活的理解和哲学。

［答案D4.C5.B6.A7.B

【4题详析】

细节理解题。由第二段中"Afterworkingfor40yearsasaspeechandlanguagetherapist（治疗

专家）forchildrenwithspecialneeds,shehasswitchedcareerstobecomeadresser,amoveinspired

byHarry'sownsuggestionsduringhislifetime,asWrightmadecostumesforHarrythroughouthis

childhood.Harry'sdeathallowedhertoreflectandprepareforchange.（在为有特殊需求的儿童做

了40年的言语和语言治疗师后，她转行成为了一名化妆师，这一举动的灵感来自哈里生前

的建议，因为赖特在哈里的整个童年都为他制作服装。哈里的死让她反思并为改变做准备）”

可知，哈里的影响和对哈里的记忆促使赖特改变了她的职业生涯。故选C项。

【5题详析】

词句猜测题。由第三段中uHowever,thechangewasn'teasy.Formonths,shesentherCV（简历）

totheatresandproductionstonoavail.Finally,Wright'spersistencepaidoffwhenshereceiveda

jobofferasadresserforLesMiserables.,转行并不容易。几个月来，她把自己的简历发

给剧院和制片公司，tonoavailo最后，赖特的坚持得到了回报，她收到了《悲惨世界》化

妆师的工作邀请）”可知，转行并不容易，通过坚持不懈的努力才获得了工作邀请，说明一

开始她到处投简历并没有收到（被录用的）结果，划线部分意为“没有结果（Withno

outcome）”。故选B项。

【6题详析】

细节理解题。由最后一段中“Shewas22whenherhusband,whomshehadmarriedtwoyears

earlier,diedsuddenlyfromaheartattack.（她22岁时，两年前结婚的丈夫突然死于心脏病发作）”

可知，赖特20岁就结婚了。故选A项。

【7题详析】

推理判断题。由第一段中的“However,atragicturncamewhenHarrywasdiagnosedwithabrain

tumor（肿瘤）and,afterabravebattle,passedawayin2019,attheageof25.（然而，悲剧的转折

发生了，哈里被诊断出患有脑瘤，经过一场勇敢的战斗，于2019年去世，享年25岁）”，

第二段中“Afterworkingfor40yearsasaspeechandlanguagetherapist（治疗专家）forchildren

withspecialneeds,shehasswitchedcareerstobecomeadresser,amoveinspiredbyHany'sown

suggestionsduringhislifetime,asWrightmadecostumesforHarrythroughouthischildhood.

Harry'sdeathallowedhertoreflectandprepareforchange.（在为有特殊需求的儿童做了40年的

言语和语言治疗师后，她转行成为了一名化妆师，这一举动的灵感来自哈里生前的建议，因

为赖特在哈里的整个童年都为他制作服装。哈里的死让她反思并为改变做准备）”，最后一

段中“Shewas22whenherhusband,whomshehadmarriedtwoyearsearlier,diedsuddenlyfrom

aheartattack.（她22岁时，两年前结婚的丈夫突然死于心脏病发作）”和最后一段中“Life飞

eventsandcircumstancescanpavethewayforanewfuture.Eveninourdarkestdays,thereisa

lighttobefound.Happinessandsadnesscancoexistinourdailylives（生活中的事件和环境可以

为新的未来铺平道路。即使在我们最黑暗的日子里，也有光明可寻。幸福和悲伤可以在我们

的日常生活中共存）”可知，61岁的吉尔•赖特早年丧夫，中年丧子，但仍保持积极心态，

遵循儿子生前建议，从做了40年的言语和语言治疗师转行做化妆师，可得出她坚强又有才

干。故选B项。

C

Mostgardenersknowthatearthworms（蚯蚓）helpkeepsoilshealthy.Nowscientistshaveassessed

justhowimportanttheirundergroundactivitiesaretoglobalfoodproduction-andhowtoprotect

them.

InresearchpublishedthisSeptember,scientistsfoundthatearthwormsmaycontributetomorethan

sixpercentofglobalgrainproductioneveryyear,becauseoftheircrucialroleinsoilecosystems.

Wormshelptobreakdowndeadplantmaterial,releasingnutrientsplantsneedtogrow,andtheir

tunneling（挖隧道）helpsplantrootgrowth.Evidencesuggeststheyalsohelpplantsprotect

themselvesagainstcommonsoil-relateddiseasesbystimulatingtheirdefenses.

“Theircontributionmayevenbelarger,9,saidStevenFonte,anassociateprofessoratColoradoState

UniversityintheUnitedStateswhoco-authoredtheresearch.ctThisisbecauseearthworm

populationsarelikelyunderestimatedinmanyplaces,especiallyinthetropicalareas,duetoalack

ofresearchandfundingintheglobalsouth.^^heexplained.

Theauthorssaidtheirfindingsrepresentoneofthefirstattemptstoquantifythecontributionofa

beneficialsoilorganismtoglobalagriculturalproduction.Theyfoundthatearthwormcontribution

isespeciallyhighintheglobalsouth,contributingabout10percentoftotalgrainproductionin

sub-SaharanAfricaandroughlyeightpercentinLatinAmericaandtheCaribbean.Theyowedthis

tosoilstheregenerallyhavinghigheracidandclaycontentandbeinglessexposedtofertilizer（月巴

料），increasingtheroleearthwormsplayinplantgrowth.

Scientistsfiguredthatearthwormsarethreatenedbytoday5sintensiveandchemical-heavy

agriculturaltechniques.Agriculturalandenvironmentalpoliciesshouldsupportearthworm

populationsandsoilbiodiversitytopromotemoresustainabledevelopment.Measurescould

includereducingtheuseoflandforgrowingcrops,cuttingtheuseofpoisonouschemical

substances,andincreasingtheapplicationofwormfoodsources.""Soilsareestimatedtocontain

approximatelyhalfofallbiodiversityontheplanetandareincrediblyimportantforbiodiversity

conservationefforts,9,Fontesaid.

8.Howdoearthwormsbenefitthesoilecosystems?

A.Byincreasingthenumberofplantroots.B.Byreducingfertilizer^effects.

C.Byhelpingplantsagainstcertaindiseases.D.Bybreakingdownnutrients.

9.Whatmakesearthwormscontributemoreintheglobalsouth?

A.Thegoodsoilquality.B.Theadvancedagriculture.

C.Thesupportivepolicy.D.Theearthworm-friendlyclimate.

10.Whatisapossiblewaytoprotectearthworms?

A.Expandingthefarmingland.B.Providinghealthyfoodforthem.

C.Banningintensiveagriculture.D.Usingfewerharmfulchemicals.

11.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?

A.Earthworms:AnAssistanttoSoilHealth

B.Earthworms:TheirThreatsandConservation

C.Earthworms:TheDecisiveFactorinBiodiversity

D.Earthworms:AContributortoWorldFoodProduction

【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了科学家们已证实了蚯蚓有助于保持土壤健康，蚯

蚓对全球粮食生产做出贡献，我们需采取措施保护蚯蚓。

K答案118.C9.A10.B11.D

【8题详析】

细节理解题。由第三段中“Evidencesuggeststheyalsohelpplantsprotectthemselvesagainst

commonsoil-relateddiseasesbystimulatingtheirdefenses.（有证据表明，蚯蚓还通过刺激植物

的防御，帮助植物保护自己免受常见的土壤相关疾病的侵害）”可知，蚯蚓通过帮助植物抵

御某些疾病，来有益于土壤生态系统。故选C项。

【9题详析】

细节理解题。由第五段中"Theyfoundthatearthwormcontributionisespeciallyhighinthe

globalsouth,contributingabout10percentoftotalgrainproductioninsub-SaharanAfricaand

roughlyeightpercentinLatinAmericaandtheCaribbean.Theyowedthistosoilstheregenerally

havinghigheracidandclaycontentandbeinglessexposedtofertilizer（月巴料）,increasingtherole

earthwormsplayinplantgrowth.（他们发现，蚯蚓在全球南部贡献尤其高，在撒哈拉以南非洲

它们对粮食产量做出约10%的贡献，在拉丁美洲和加勒比做出约8%的贡献。他们将此归因

于那里的土壤通常具有较高的酸和粘土含量，并且较少接触肥料，从而增加了蚯蚓在植物生

长中的作用）”可知，土壤质量好让蚯蚓在全球南方做出了更大的贡献。故选A项。

【10题详析】

细节理解题。由最后一段中“Measurescouldincludereducingtheuseoflandforgrowingcrops,

cuttingtheuseofpoisonouschemicalsubstances,andincreasingtheapplicationofwormfood

sources”措施可以包括减少种植作物的土地使用，减少有毒化学物质的使用，以及增加蚯蚓

食物来源的做法）”可知，为蚯蚓提供健康的食物是保护蚯蚓的可能方法。故选B项。

【11题详析】

主旨大意题。由第二段"InresearchpublishedthisSeptember,scientistsfoundthatearthworms

maycontributetomorethansixpercentofglobalgrainproductioneveryyear,becauseoftheir

crucialroleinsoilecosystems.（在今年9月发表的研究中，科学家们发现蚯蚓每年可能对全球

粮食产量的6%以上做出贡献，因为它们在土壤生态系统中发挥着至关重要的作用）”和全文

可知，文章介绍了科学家们已证实了蚯蚓有助于保持土壤健康，蚯蚓对全球粮食生产做出贡

献，我们需采取措施保护蚯蚓，D项“蚯蚓：世界粮食生产的贡献者”符合文意。故选D

项。

D

Scientistshavedevelopedafingerlikedevicethatmapsanobjecfsinternalstructurein3-Dby

touchingitssurface."'Thisbionicfingerhasexcitingapplicationprospectsinmaterial

characterizationandbiomedicalengineering,saysZhimingChen,anengineeratChina'sWuyi

University.uThetechnologycouldalsobecombinedintorobotsandmedicalfields,whichisour

nextresearchtopic.”

Thenew"finger“containsacarbonfibertactilesensor（触觉传感器）,whichreturnsastronger

signalwhenpressedagainstfirmerobjects.Thedevicemovesacrossanobjecfssurfacetofeelfor

increasinglevelsofpressure.Thisprocesscanrevealsubsurfacedetails,suchashardlayersinside

softmaterials."'Whenpressedbythisbionicfinger,hardobjectsmaintaintheirshape,whereassoft

objectsdeformwhensufficientpressureisapplied,saysJianYiluo,thestudy'sseniorauthor.

“Thisinformationissenttoacomputer,alongwiththerecordedposition,anddisplayedinrealtime

asa3-Dimage.^^

Otherimagingmethods,includingX-ray,PET,MRIandultrasound,havetheirownadvantagesand

disadvantages.X-rayscarryhealthrisks,andotheroptionslackportabilityorspeed.Manyare

expensive.Thenewdeviceisunlikelytobesignificantlycheaperthanultrasound,butitmay

providebetterresolution（清晰度）.

Inman-madehumantissue,thedevicecanexactlyfindbonesandabloodvessel（血管）.Fora

flexibleelectroniccircuitenvelopedinsoftmaterial,itdetectedacircuitbreakandanincorrectly

drilledhole.4tWhenwemakethosedevices,wealwaysworrythatifsomethingisbroken,theonly

wayyoucanknowistotakeitapart,9,engineerSubramaniansays.

Thedevicewillstruggletomapobjectswhoseoutersurfacesaretoohard,anditmaymissdetails

underneathhardlayers.Theresearchersplantoextendtheirinventionintomoredimensions,

however,perhapsexploringfromotherdirectionsaswell."Thissystemmightbeexpandedto

multiplefingers,justlikeourhands,torealizedetectioninalldirections,Chensays."Thiswould

enableittogetmorecompleteinformation.^^

12.WhatdoesZhimingChenthinkofthefingerlikedevice?

A.Convenient.B.Promising.

C.Popular.D.Complicated.

13.WhatisParagraph2mainlyabout?

A.Howthenewfingerworks.B.Whatbenefitsthefingerbrings.

C.Wherethefingerisapplied.D.Whythefingeriswelcomed.

14.Whafstheadvantageofthenew3-Dimagingdevicecomparedtoultrasound?

A.Itischeaper.B.Itisquicker.

C.Itisclearer.D.Itissafer.

15.Whatwillthestudyfocusontoimprovethedevice?

A.Thesenseofdirection.B.Theexplorationofhumanhands.

C.Theapplicationfield.D.Thedetectionaccuracy.

【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了科学家已经开发出一种类似手指的设备，通

过触摸物体表面来绘制物体的三维内部结构。

K答案X12.B13.A14.C15.C

【12题详析】

细节理解题。根据第一段"Thisbionicfingerhasexcitingapplicationprospectsinmaterial

characterizationandbiomedicalengineering,saysZhimingChen,anengineeratChina9sWuyi

University^中国武夷大学的工程师陈志明说：“这种仿生手指在材料表征和生物医学工程方

面具有令人兴奋的应用前景。可知，陈志明认为这个手指状的设备有前景。故选B。

【13题详析】

主旨大意题。根据第二段“Thenew^tfinger^^containsacarbonfibertactilesensor（触觉传感器）,

whichreturnsastrongersignalwhenpressedagainstfirmerobjects.Thedevicemovesacrossan

objecfssurfacetofeelforincreasinglevelsofpressure.Thisprocesscanrevealsubsurfacedetails,

suchashardlayersinsidesoftmaterials."'Whenpressedbythisbionicfinger,hardobjectsmaintain

theirshape,whereassoftobjectsdeformwhensufficientpressureisapplied,saysJianYiluo,the

study'sseniorauthor.t6Thisinformationissenttoacomputer,alongwiththerecordedposition,and

displayedinrealtimeasa3-Dimage.”（新的“手指”包含一个碳纤维触觉传感器，当按压更坚

固的物体时，它会返回更强的信号。该装置在物体表面移动，以感知压力水平的增加。这个

过程可以揭示表面下的细节，比如软材料内部的硬层。该研究的资深作者JianYiluo说：“当

被这个仿生手指按压时，坚硬的物体保持其形状，而柔软的物体在施加足够的压力时就会变

形」“这些信息连同记录的位置一起被发送到计算机,并以3D图像的形式实时显示「）"

可知，第二段的主要内容是新手指的工作原理。故选A。

【14题详析】

细节理解题。根据第三段“Thenewdeviceisunlikelytobesignificantlycheaperthanultrasound,

butitmayprovidebetterresolution（清晰度）.（这种新设备不太可能比超声波便宜很多，但它可

能提供更好的分辨率）”可知，与超声波相比，新的3D成像设备优势在于更清楚。故选C。

【15题详析】

推理判断题。卞艮据第——段“Thetechnologycouldalsobecombinedintorobotsandmedicalfields,

whichisournextresearchtopic.（这项技术也可以结合到机器人和医疗领域，这是我们的下一

个研究课题）”可推知，该研究将关注应用领域来改进该设备。故选C。

第二节（共5小题：每小题2分，满分10分）

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选

项。

UphillHikingTips

Ifthere?sonethingthattroubleshikers,ifsasteepuphillclimbthatstretchesonformiles.

Fortunately,learningtherighttoolsandtechniquestousewillhelpyoutravelfasterandmore

efficiently.

Adopttheswitchbacks（之字形路线）

Youmayfindswitchbacksasanalternativetoastraightroute.Butifthey'renotavailable,youcan

makesmallswitchbacks.16.Anddon'tgiveintoyourimpatiencetoreachthetopasfast

asyoucan.

Takeshortersteps

Thinkofitlikeridingabike.Shiftingintoalowergearwhilecyclinguphillallowsyoutocoverless

groundeachtimeyoupedal,butitfeelseasieronyourmuscles.17Takingshorterstepsat

thesamerateasusualwillmakeitlessresistantandeasiertoclimb.

Getsomehelpfromyourclimbingpoles

Climbingpolesareausefultoolwhenyouarehikinguphill.Theyinviteyourarmstohelpyourlegs

pushyouupthehill,andofferagreatplacetorestyourforeheadwhenyouneedtobendoverand

restforafewmoments.18.

Takeabreak

Ifthepointofyourhikeistoenjoyyourself,don'tfeellikeyouhavetopushit.19.Even

pausingfor30secondswithouttakingyourpackoffcanbeextremelyhelpfulinrefreshingyouand

givingyourmusclessomerest.

20

Climbingbumsalotofcalories,sotokeepyourbodyenergized,makesureyou'refeedingit

regularly.Howoftenyourefueldependsonhowyoufeel.

A.Don'tforgettoeat

B.Havemealsatthesametime

C.It'sthesamewithhikinguphill

D.Ifyouneedtohavearest,justdoit

E.Sowhenpossible,alwayschoosetherealthinginstead

F.Mostimportantly,theytakesomeoftheloadoffyourmusclesandbones

G.Inanotherword,walkinZ-shapefromsidetosideiftheroadiswideenough

【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些登山上坡的建议。

k答案』16.G17.C18.F19.D20.A

【16题详析】

根据标题"Adopttheswitchbacks（采用之字形路线）"上文"Youmayfindswitchbacksasan

alternativetoastraightroute.Butifthey'renotavailable,youcanmakesmallswitchbacks.（你可能

会发现迂回路线是直线路线的替代选择。但如果没有的话，你可以稍微改变一下）”以及后

文“Anddon'tgiveintoyourimpatiencetoreachthetopasfastasyoucan.（不要因为你想尽快

到达顶峰向你的急躁屈服）”可知，本段的主旨是采用之字形路线，故本句承接上文，说明

没有迂回路线的时候该怎么做。故G选项“换句话说，如果道路足够宽敞，就从一边向另

一边呈'Z'字形行走。”符合语境，故选G。

【17题详析】

根据上文“Thinkofitlikeridingabike.Shiftingintoalowergearwhilecyclinguphillallowsyou

tocoverlessgroundeachtimeyoupedal,butitfeelseasieronyourmuscles.（把它想象成骑自彳亍车。

在骑车上坡时，换到较低的档位可以让你每次踩的地面更少，但对你的肌肉来说感觉更轻松）”

以及后文“Takingshorterstepsatthesamerateasusualwillmakeitlessresistantandeasierto

climb.（以与平常相同的速度走更短的步幅会使它阻力更小，更容易攀登）”可知，上文提到

了把登山想象成骑自行车，说明二者原理相似，故c选项“爬山也是一样"符合语境，故

选C。

【18题详析】

根据上文“Climbingpolesareausefultoolwhenyouarehikinguphill.Theyinviteyourarmsto

helpyourlegspushyouupthehill,andofferagreatplacetorestyourforeheadwhenyouneedto

bendoverandrestforafewmoments.（登山杖是徒步上山时的有用工具。登山杖能让你的双

臂帮助双腿推你上山，当你需要弯腰休息片刻时，登山杖还能让你的前额得到很好的休息）”

可知，本句承接上文，说明登山杖的好处和作用。故F选项“最重要的是，它们可以减轻你

肌肉和骨骼的负担”符合语境，故选F。

【19题详析】

根据上文"Ifthepointofyourhikeistoenjoyyourself,don'tfeellikeyouhavetopushit.（如果

你的徒步旅行的目的是享受，不要觉得你必须强迫它）”以及后文“Evenpausingfor30

secondswithouttakingyourpackoffcanbeextremelyhelpfulinrefreshingyouandgivingyour

musclessomerest.（即使只休息30秒而不脱下背包，也能极大地帮助你恢复精神，让你的肌

肉得到休息）”可知，上文提到了不必强迫自己，后文提到了短暂休息的好处，可知本句是

在建议需要休息的时候就休息。故D选项“如果你需要休息，就休息吧”符合语境，故选D。

【20题详析】

根据本段内容“Climbingbumsalotofcalories,sotokeepyourbodyenergized,makesureyou're

feedingitregularly.Howoftenyourefueldependsonhowyoufeel.（攀岩会燃烧很多卡路里，所

以为了让你的身体保持活力，一定要定期给它喂食。你多久补充一次能量取决于你的感觉）”

可知，本段的主旨是要及时吃东西来补充能量。故A选项“别忘了吃东西”符合语境，故

选Ao

第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）

第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最

佳选项。

Whatwouldyoudoifyouwonthelottery（彩票-抽奖）？ForoneNorthCarolinaman,theansweris

simple:hewouldhelpothersbysupporting21.Sanaisa39-year-olddance22

inNorthCarolinawhosemotherlandisMali,awar-torncountryinWestAfrica.Hopingto

23thekidsfromhisnativecountry,he24ascratch-offticket（舌！］舌lj乐）.

Fortunately,luckwas25.andhewon$100,000.Now,he'splanningtoputittowardsa

great26.

Sanaisinterestedingivingbacktohiscommunity,particularlytothefuturegenerationswhowill

hopefullykeep27alive.Sanaholdsthebeliefthattraditionsarevitaltothefabricofa

communityasthey28whopeopleareandwheretheycomefrom.ctIlovetodanceandI

wantto29thechildreninMali,“headmits.

WestAfricanfolkdancehashistoricallybeena(n)30traditioninAfricansocieties.

However,therapidpaceofglobalizationhascausedalossofinterestamong31

generations."Thisisofgreat32asthedisappearanceoftraditionaldance33the

lossofcommunityidentityandhistoricalsignificance,heexplains.

Inanefforttokeepitalive,Sanahasbeen34traditionalMaliandanceworkshopsintheU.

S.Whenhegetsthechancetotraveltohishometown,hegiveslessonstohomelesschildren.

35,thesegroupclassestakeplaceoutintheopen,36ondirtfloors.Thafsthe

reasonwhyhis37haslongbeentosupporteducationand38morespacesforit

inhisnativecountry.

Ultimately,thedanceinstructorisjust39toseehisdreamcometruelittlebylittleandthe

moneywillsurelygoalongwayin40_Maliantraditions.

21.

A.reformB.educationC.technologyD.independence

22.

A.consultantB.reporterC.amateurD.instructor

23.

A.inspireB.guideC.helpD.free

24.

A.purchasedB.wonC.toreD.designed

25.

A.onhismindB.onhissideC.inhiswayD.inhishonor

26.

A.dealB.journeyC.businessD.cause

27.

A.traditionsB.expectationsC.memoriesD.spirits

28.

A.knowB.defineC.predictD.affect

29.

A.remind.B.arrangeC.adviseD.teach

30.

A.importantB.practicalC.simpleD.yearly

31.

A.responsibleB.differentC.youngerD.previous

32.

A.concernB.benefitC.powerD.interest

33.

A.forcesB.meansC.demandsD.replaces

34.

A.comparingB.decoratingC.runningD.observing

35.

A.HoweverB.ThereforeC.InsteadD.Besides

36.

A.casuallyB.obviouslyC.surelyD.mostly

37.

A.fantasyB.jobC.dreamD.request

38.

A.useB.borrowC.create