人教版高考英语一轮复习必修第3册UNIT2 MORALS AND VIRTUES练习含答案

UNIT2MORALSANDVIRTUESⅠ.阅读理解AThroughoutmytwentiesItoldmyselfthatIwouldgiveupsmokingoneday.Thatseemedcomfortablyfarawaytopreventmepanickingtoomuch,butalsodefinitiveenoughtofoolmyselfintothinkingI’dgiveupbeforeitkilledme.Butthenmythirtiescameandwentandnothinghappened.Then,myauntdiedfromlungcancer.Ihadamomentoffear:unlessIdecidetostopsmoking,therewillbeahighprobabilitythatatsomepointinmylifeI’llhaveacoughorsomeothersymptom(症状)anditwillbecancerorasimilarawfuldisease.Still,Ididn’tact.ButIcouldn’thelpbeginningagood,hardthinkaboutmysmokingandwhatIwasgoingtodoaboutit.ThemoreIthoughtaboutit,themoreIquestionedwhatIreallylovedaboutit.Thencamethesuddenrealization:Iwasanaddict—Iwasmakingallthekindofexcusesthatthealcoholanddrugaddictsmade.Idecidedtoquit.Butafterafewdayswhenoutfordrinkswithfriends,Iyieldedtotemptation(诱惑)andhadone.ThenextdayIboughtapackofcigarettesandmyveryfirstquitattemptwaswellandtrulyafailure.ButIlearnedfromthisanddecidedthenextattemptwouldbebetterplanned.Iinvestigateddifferentoptionsonline,andmetwithasmokingcessation(戒烟)nurseatmylocalsurgerywhousedsometechniquestochangemythinkingaboutsmoking.

Withallthesupportaroundme,Ifeltsoconfidentaboutmyabilitytoquit.IactuallylookedforwardtothedateI’dsettostop.Thatwasnearly10yearsagoandIhaven’tlookedback.Ofcourse,intheearlydaysitwasn’talwaysplainsailing.ThereweretimeswhenIwasweakandtimeswhenInearlyslippedup.ButIwaspreparedforthisanddidn’tletitthrowmeoff.StoppingsmokingwasoneofthebestthingsI’veeverdone.1.Whatcanweknowabouttheauthorfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?A.Hewasignorantofcigarettes.B.Hecaredlittleabouthishealth.C.Helackedmotivationforworking.D.Hedidn’tmakeuphismindtoquitsmoking.2.Whatinspiredtheauthortomakethefirstquitattempt?A.Hisself-analysis.B.Worseninghealth.C.Symptomsoflungcancer.D.Lossofafamilymember.3.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“yieldedto”inparagraph4mean?A.Cameupwith.B.Gaveinto.C.Steppedoutof.D.Brokeawayfrom.4.Whichcanbestdescribethesecondattempt?A.Itwasfruitless.B.Itlastedfor10years.C.Itwasadeterminedattempt.D.Itwasabandonedhalfway.BPeoplewhogive,livelonger,studieshaveshown.Now,anewstudybyUniversityofMichiganresearchersshowsthatwhypeoplevolunteer—notwhethertheyvolunteer—iswhatreallycounts.Forthestudy,Konrathandcolleaguesanalyzeddatacollectedin2008and2012aimingatthesamerandomsamplesof3,376people.Overall,theyfoundthatjust2.3percentofthosewhoonceworkedasvolunteershaddied,comparedto4.3percentofnon-volunteers.Theyfurtherfoundthathowmuchpeoplevolunteeredmatteredaswell—only1.8percentofregularvolunteersdied,comparedwith2.5percentofoccasionalvolunteers.Butwhatreallymadeadifferencewerepeople’smotivesforvolunteering.Theresearchersaskedpeopletoratehowimportanttheyfoundvariousreasonsforvolunteering,andtheyfoundthatthemoreimportantpeopleratedreasonssuchasfeelingpityforpeopleinneed,themorelikelytheyweretobealive.Thosewhoratedmotivesrelatedtopersonalbenefitasmoreimportantweremorelikelytohavedied,andjustaslikelytodieasthosewhodidn’tvolunteeratall.Thesereasonsincludedvolunteeringbecausetheyenjoyedthesocialcontact,toescapetheirownproblems,ortoexploretheirownstrengths.Konrathsaysthecurrentfindingssuggestitmaybeapoorideatoencouragepeopletovolunteerbecauseit’sgoodforthem.“Volunteeringisincreasinglybeingencouragedinschoolsandorganizations.Somegroupssaythatit’sokaytowantbenefitsforyourself,andencouragepeopletothinkofvolunteeringasanexchangeforpersonalinterests.Somegroupsemphasizethehealthbenefitsreceivedthroughvolunteering.”Konrathadded,“Ofcourse,it’sreasonableforvolunteerstoexpectbenefitsforthemselves.Butthepotentialhealthbenefitsofvolunteeringaresignificantlyreducedifself-benefitbecomesaperson’smainmotive.”5.Whatdoesthenewstudymainlyfind?A.Whetherwevolunteerdecidesourwell-being.B.Whywevolunteerhasanimpactonourhealth.C.Howwevolunteermakessensetoothers.D.Howoftenwevolunteermakesadifference.6.Howdidtheresearchersdotheresearch?A.Byanalyzingstatistics.B.Byreviewingpreviousstudies.C.Bydoinglabexperiments.D.Byobservingrandomsamples.7.Whichofthefollowingmotiveswillprobablybenefitthevolunteersmost?A.Makingmorefriends.B.Developingabilityinpractice.C.Solvingpersonalproblems.D.Helpingpeopleintrouble.8.Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?A.Practicalsuggestionsonfurtherstudies.B.Potentialapplicationsoftheresearchmethod.C.Afurtherexplanationofthecurrentfindings.D.Areasonabledoubtabouttheresearchfindings.Ⅱ.七选五Hilde’sfatherwasareporter.Heoftentookhertoworkwithhim,andshedevelopedastronginterestinnewsstoriesandreporting.1Shedidthewriting,hersisterIzzytookpictures,andherfatherhelpedherorganizeandprintthenewspaper.Hildewantedtocoverbigstoriesinhertown.Followingtherulesherfatherhadtaughther,sheresearchedandreportedstoriesinhermonthlynewspaper.

Thenewspapersuddenlybecamefamouswhenamurderhappenedinthetown,andHildewasthefirstpersontoreportit.Soon,newsorganizationsaroundthecountryweredoingstoriesonHilde.2Somepeoplecriticizedherparentsforallowinghertoreportonsomethingasunpleasantasamurder.

OtherscriticizedHildefor“pretendingtobeareporter”.Somepeopleevensuggestedsheshouldbeplayingwithdolls.3SherespondedwithaYouTubevideo.“IneverbeganmynewspapersothatpeoplewouldthinkIwascute,”shesaid.“Iwanttobetakenseriously.”

Thatwasn’tthelasttimeHildehadtroublegettingpeopletotakeherseriously.Sometimes,itwasbecauseofherage.Othertimes,itwasbecauseshewasagirl.4Hildecontinuedreportingandheractivitiesasareporterhavemadeherfamous.

NowHildehaspublishedabooktellingherownstoryandthechallengesshehasfaced.SomeofthosechallengescamefromHildeherself,strugglingtofigureoutwhoshewasasshegrewolder.5Butsheisstilljust15,andhasplentyoftimetodecidewhatshewantstodowithherlife.Hereffortshavealreadyinspiredpeoplearoundtheworld.

A.Butsheneverletthatstopher.B.Hildewasupsetbythecomplaints.C.Fornow,Hildesaysshehasgivenupreporting.D.Whenshewas8,Hildestartedherownnewspaper.E.Hergreatsuccessinreportinghaschangedherlife.F.NoteveryonewashappyaboutHilde’sefforts,though.G.Shewasclearlyinadilemmaabouthowtosolvethecrisis.Ⅲ.语法填空WalkingintothePalaceMuseum,visitorscanseeanarchitecturalcomplexwithmanycharacteristicsofChineseculture.But1.can’tbeseenisthescienceandtechnologybehindit.ThePalaceMuseumcombinestraditionalrestorationtechniqueswithmodernscienceandtechnology,thus2.(enhance)itscapacityforculturalexhibition,communication,tourismservicesandheritageprotection.

ThePalaceMuseum,3.(equip)withaculturalheritageprotectionandresearchteamwithChina’smostcompletevariety,hasdevelopedandintegrated14typesofspecialmonitoringdevices4.independentintellectualpropertyrights(IPR).The5.(history)riskdataisusedtostudyandcompile(编译)safetyriskassessmentindexsystem,riskjudgmentandearlywarningsystems,andpreventivemeasures.WiththeintroductionofAI,bigdataandcloudcomputing,themuseumhasalsoestablishedauniquemonitoringandresponsesystemand6.emergencyplatformforimmovableculturalrelics.

Additionally,digitaltechnologies7.(apply)bythePalaceMuseumtoprotectculturalrelics.Ithasintroduced1.86millionpiecesofculturalrelicinformation,850,000pieces/setsofimages,1,500three-dimensionalmodelsandhigh-precisionpanoramicimages(全景图)ofallopenareas,bringingculturalresourcestolifeandoffering8.(good)digitalservicesforinternetusers.ThePalaceMuseumis9. (true)anamazingexampleofapplyingthe10.(combine)ofmodernandtraditionaltechnologiestotherestorationandpreservationofmoreoftheculturalrelics.

Ⅳ.应用文写作2023年是学习雷锋精神六十周年。假定你是学生李华,下周有新西兰学生访问你校,你将作为学生代表向他们介绍雷锋精神。请为此写一篇发言稿,内容包括:1.表示欢迎;2.介绍雷锋精神;3.表达期待。注意:1.写作词数应为80左右;2.请在相应位置作答。参考词汇:雷锋精神LeiFengspiritDearfriends,_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________答案：Ⅰ.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者戒烟的经历。1.D细节理解题。根据第一段和第二段中的“Ihadamomentoffear...Still,Ididn’tact.”可知,作者没有真正下定决心去戒烟。故选D项。2.A推理判断题。根据第三段中的“ButIcouldn’thelpbeginningagood,hardthinkaboutmysmokingandwhatIwasgoingtodoaboutit.ThemoreIthoughtaboutit,themoreIquestionedwhatIreallylovedaboutit.Thencamethesuddenrealization:Iwasanaddict”可知,是自我分析使作者开始了第一次戒烟的尝试。故选A项。3.B词句猜测题。根据画线短语后的“ThenextdayIboughtapackofcigarettesandmyveryfirstquitattemptwaswellandtrulyafailure.”可知,第二天,作者买了一包烟,第一次戒烟的尝试失败了。由此可知,画线短语所在句指的是作者决定戒烟,但几天后和朋友出去喝酒,屈服于诱惑了,画线短语意为“屈服于”,gaveinto与其同义。4.C推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Iinvestigateddifferentoptionsonline,andmetwithasmokingcessation(戒烟)nurseatmylocalsurgerywhousedsometechniquestochangemythinkingaboutsmoking.”和最后一段中的“Ofcourse,intheearlydaysitwasn’talwaysplainsailing.ThereweretimeswhenIwasweakandtimeswhenInearlyslippedup.ButIwaspreparedforthisanddidn’tletitthrowmeoff.”可知,在戒烟早期,并不总是一帆风顺的,但作者已经做好了准备,并没有因此而放弃。由此可推断,作者第二次戒烟的尝试是坚定的。【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了密歇根大学研究人员的一项新研究表明,真正重要的是人们为什么做志愿者,而不是他们是否做志愿者。文章解释了研究开展的过程以及发现。5.B细节理解题。根据第一段可知,这项新研究主要发现了我们做志愿者的原因对我们的健康有影响。6.A细节理解题。根据第二段中“Forthestudy,Konrathandcolleaguesanalyzeddatacollectedin2008and2012aimingatthesamerandomsamplesof3,376people.”可知,研究人员通过分析数据进行这项研究。故选A项。7.D推理判断题。根据第三段中“Theresearchersaskedpeopletoratehowimportanttheyfoundvariousreasonsforvolunteering,andtheyfoundthatthemoreimportantpeopleratedreasonssuchasfeelingpityforpeopleinneed,themorelikelytheyweretobealive.”推知,“帮助有困难的人”这一动机可能会使志愿者受益最大。8.C段落大意题。根据最后一段可知,最后一段主要讲的是对当前发现的进一步解释。故选C项。Ⅱ.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了8岁的女孩Hilde创办自己的报纸遇到的种种非议,赞扬了Hilde不怕挑战、迎难而上的品质。1.D上文“Heoftentookhertoworkwithhim,andshedevelopedastronginterestinnewsstoriesandreporting.”说明了Hilde开始对报纸行业产生兴趣,结合下文“Shedidthewriting,hersisterIzzytookpictures,andherfatherhelpedherorganizeandprintthenewspaper.”可知,Hilde开始自己制作报纸。D项“Whenshewas8,Hildestartedherownnewspaper.”衔接上下文恰当。故选D项。2.F根据上文“Soon,newsorganizationsaroundthecountryweredoingstoriesonHilde.”可知,Hilde有了名声,结合下文“Somepeoplecriticizedherparentsforallowinghertoreportonsomethingasunpleasantasamurder.”可知,并不是所有人都欣赏Hilde的报道行为。F项“NoteveryonewashappyaboutHilde’sefforts,though.”衔接上下文恰当。故选F项。3.B上文“OtherscriticizedHildefor‘pretendingtobeareporter’.Somepeopleevensuggestedsheshouldbeplayingwithdolls.”描述了人们对Hilde各种各样的批评,空处应该承接上文,指出Hilde对此做出的反应。B项“Hildewasupsetbythecomplaints.”中“complaints”照应上文提到的各种批评,衔接恰当。故选B项。4.A上文“Sometimes,itwasbecauseofherage.Othertimes,itwasbecauseshewasagirl.”说明了人们批评Hilde的其他原因,结合下文“Hildecontinuedreportingandheractivitiesasareporterhavemadeherfamous.”可知,Hilde并没有因为批评而停止报道。A项“Butsheneverletthatstopher.”衔接恰当。故选A项。5.C根据下文“Butsheisstilljust15,andhasplentyoftimetodecidewhatshewantstodowithherlife.”可知,前句与其构成转折,C项“Fornow,Hildesa