冲刺卷3-2023年高考模拟 英语卷（解析版）（新高考II卷）

2023年高考英语考试冲刺卷03（新高考II卷）

第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分）

第一节听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听

完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。

1.Whichcolorhairdoesthemissinggirlhave?

A.Red.B.Black.C.Brown.

【答案】B

【原文】M:Lookatthegirlinaredskirtoverthere.Shelookslikethemissinggirlinthenewspaper.

W:Butthedescriptionsaidthemissinggirlhadblackhair.Thatgirlovertherehasbrownhair.

2.Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemando?

A.Bethankful.B.Bepositive.C.Behelpful.

【答案】A

【原文】W:Please,Steve.Whenyouaskfbrhelp,itmakesothersupsetifyoudon'texpressyourthanks.

M:You'reright.Therearejustsomanythingsonmymind.Butsorry,itwon'thappenagain.

3.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?

A.Inacafe.B.Inalibrary.C.Inabookshop.

【答案】C

【原文】W:Wow,thisplacehasgotallsortsofbooks.Thereisalsoanicecafenearby.Ican'tbelieveFvenever

beenherebefore!

M:Great,isn'tit?It'sdefinitelymyfavoriteplacetobuybooks,eveniftheyareabitmoreexpensiveherethan

theyareonline.

4.Whattimeisitnow?

A.8:05p.m.B.8:00p.m.C.7:55p.m.

【答案】c

【原文】M:Putyourcoaton.Thetaxiwillbehereinfiveminutes.

W:Ineedtobrushmyhair.IthoughtIhadtoldyoutoorderitfor8:00p.m.

M:Idid.Justhurryupnow.

5.Whatmightbothertheman?

A.Hisdieting.B.Hisweight.C.Hisschedule.

【答案】B

【原文】M:I'mtryingtoloseweightbutnothingseemstobeworking.Tvetriedrunningandcycling.

W:Youshouldtrycountingcalories.Youdecidewhattoeatandmeasurehowmanycaloriestoburneveryday

accordingtoyourownplan.You'llseeandfeelthedifference.

第二节听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出

最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟

的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。

听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。

6.WhydidMirandamovehere?

A.Herrelativeslivehere.

B.Herdadisworkinghere.

C.HerfamilylikeShanghai.

7.WhatdoweknowaboutMiranda?

A.ShehasneverbeentoChinabefore.

B.Shehasgotusedtohernewlife.

C.Sheisstudyinginaboardingschool.

【答案】6.B7.C

【原文】M:Hey,Miranda,you'refromKenya,right?

W:Yeah,Imovedherewithmyparents.Mydadhasgotanewjobasaprofessor.

M:Wow,isthisyourfirsttimetoChina?

W:Nope.Wehavebeenherebefore.WewenttoZhejiangtovisitmyauntandShanghaiforsightseeing.

M:Howdoyoulikeitheresofar?

W:Ifsamazing.Peopleareallveryfriendly.Livingintheschooldormitoryisexciting!Therearestillthingstoget

usedto,though.

听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。

8.Whatistheradioprogramfor?

A.Broadcastinglatestnews.

B.Discussingwritingskills.

C.Introducingcollegecourses.

9.Howcanyousupportwhatyou'vestatedinyourarticle?

A.Byintroducingmainideas.

B.Bydrawingaconclusion.

C.Bygivingdetailsandfacts.

10.WhatmakesanexcellentarticleaccordingtoProfessorSheffield?

A.Apersonalvoice.B.Morevividlanguage.C.Aformalstyle.

【答案】8.B9.C10.A

【原文】W:ThisisWordMasteronRadio4.TodaywehaveProfessorDannySheffieldfromArkansasCommunity

College.Okay,Danny,couldyoutellushowtoproduceagoodpieceofwritingincollege?

M:Well,oneofthebasicthingsaboutanywritingistorememberthreekeypoints.Numberone,saywhatyou're

goingtosay.Soyou'retellingthereaderswhatyou'regoingtowriteabout,andmaybealsoyouropinioninthe

beginningpart.Thesecondthingis“sayit”.Andhere'swhereyouprovidedetailsandfactstosupportwhatyou

havestated.Andthethirdpartis“sayitagain”.Concludethemainpartsofyourarticleandrestatethekeypoints

thatyou'vemade,andwhatyouwantyourreaderstounderstand.

W:Uh,whatreallyseparatesanexcellentarticlefromanaverageone?

M:Iwouldsayifsapersonalvoice,becausepeoplerespondtosuchanarticlemuchmoreeasily.Ifyouwantto

touchthereaders5feelings,writemoreintotheexcellenttype,ratherthan,“Oh,thisisagoodformalarticle.9,

听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。

11.HowwillthemanleaveforLondon?

A.Bytrain.B.Bybus.C.Byplane.

12.WhatwillthemandoonThursday?

A.MeetMs.Wang.B.Attendaconference.C.Startanewproject.

13.Whafstheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?

A.Teacherandstudent.B.Hostandguest.C.Bossandsecretary.

【答案】ILA12.A13.C

【原文】M:Goodmorning,Ann.

W:Goodmorning,Mr.Jones.

M:CanyoutellmewhatmeetingsIhavethisweek?

W:Iwillbringtheschedule.Okay,youhaveameetingat3:00p.m.Today.OnWednesday,youaregoingto

London.Don'tforgetyourtrainleavesat9:30a.m..

M:Okay,whattimeismymeetinginLondon?

W:At11:30a.m.AndonThursdayMs.Wangwantstotalktoyou.

M:WhoisMs.Wang?

W:Sheisournewprojectmanager.Shestartstoworknextweek.

听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。

14.Whoarethespeakers?

A.Teacherandstudent.B.Acouple.C.Friends.

15.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?

A.Whetherkidsshouldworkforpocketmoney.

B.Howkidscanbalanceworkandstudy.

C.Whatkidscandoathome.

16.Whatdidthemandowhenhewasyoung?

A.Hewashedthedishes.B.Heworkedonafarm.C.Hedeliverednewspapers.

17.Whatisthewoman'sattitudetowardssleepforyoungpeople?

A.Theyhavetoomuchsleep.B.Theyshouldhaveenoughsleep.C.Theyshouldgotobedearly.

【答案】14.C15.A16.B17.B

【原文】W:Doyouthinkyoungpeopleshouldalsohavejobswhentheyareatschool?

M:Ido.Ithinkkidsshouldworkfortheirpocketmoney.

W:Whatkindofwork?

M:Helpingwiththewashingup,cleaning...whatever.Theyshouldrealizetheyneedtoworkiftheywanttohave

money.

W:Mykidsareverygoodatthosethings.Bothofthemhelpwithjobsaroundthehouse.

M:Thafsgood,butIdon'tthinkallyoungpeoplearelikethatthesedays.

W:Tobefair,Isupposealotofparentswanttheirkidstoconcentrateontheirschoolwork.

M:Ialwayshadenoughtimetodomyschoolworkinmyyouth,eventhoughIalsoworkedonmydad'sfarm.

W:Iusedtodelivernewspapers.Ihadtobeupat6:00a.m.,whatevertheweather.

M:Itdidn'tdoyouanyharm,didit?Ibetyoustilldidwellatschool.

W:IdidOK,althoughIwastiredallday.Ireallythinkyoungpeopleneedtogetenoughsleep.Itissleepthathelps

theirbrainsdevelop.

听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。

18.Whatdoesthespeakermainlytalkabout?

A.Aneco-friendlylifestyle

B.Waystomanageaguesthouse（小旅馆）.

C.Practiceofshadeplanting.

19.HowdotheHoffmansgetfreshvegetablesfortheguests?

A.Bygrowingintheirgarden.

B.Byexperimentinginthelab.

C.Bybuyinginthemarket.

20.Whichofthefollowingisrightaccordingtothepassage?

A.Tomatoplantsdonotneeddirectsunshine.

B.Plantsandtreerootsgoagainsteachother.

C.Irishpotatoesgrowbetterinshadyenvironment.

【答案】18.C19.A20.C

【原文】Hello,everyone.Welcomebacktotheprogram.Weallknowplantsneedsunshinetogrow.Butactually,

notallvegetablesneedlotsofsunshine.MarkHoffmanandhiswifeownaguesthouseinKempton,Illinois.They

oftenservetheirguestsfreshvegetablesfromtheirgarden.Foralmosttenyears,theHoffmanshavebeen

experimentingwithshadeplantings.Curiousvisitorsoftenaskhowtheydoit.Hereistheanswer:theygrow

tomatoesnearthetreesthatproducealotofshade.Tomatoplantsgrowaslongastheygetfivehoursadayofdirect

sunshine,especiallymorningsun.Thisgoesagainstthetraditionaladvicethattomatoesneedeight,eventwelve

hoursadayoffullsun.Infact,plantsandtreerootscansharesomethingincommon.Besidestomatoes,the

HoffmansgrowIrishpotatoes.Plantswithwiderleavesseemtodobetterinshadyenvironments.Thepotatoes

growbetterintheshadethaninfullsun.

第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37・5分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

A

Fathersarethebest.Sometimesdadscanbehardtoshopfor-asitfeelsliketheyhaveeverything.Butsurely

theyaremissingoutonsomethingandthafsexactlywhereourlistofextraordinarygiftscomesin.

ThermocareBlanket

Perhapsyourdadneedstheperfectwarmblanketonthosefreezingwinterdays.Ifso,he'lllovethe

ThermocareBlanket.Madefromsoftandcomfortablematerial,thisblanketisperfecttosettleoneselfinto.Plus,its

smartdesignmeansyourdadcaneasilywrapitaroundhimself.Temperaturecanbeshownonasmalldigitalscreen

andstayatacertainlevel.

$66.89at

MerryTimeModemSet

Thisdecent14-pieceteaset,includinganelectricteapot,sixcups,sixplatesandametalstoragestand,will

helphostaproperhighteaevent.Thesmoothappearancewillmakeitagreathomedecoration,andifsalsovery

easytohold,storeandwash.Yourdadwillsurelyenjoyhavingguestswiththissetonthetable.

$69,90atWalmart

CATCH:3Classics

Thisstylishwirelesschargingstandfeaturesa10Woutputsothatyourdadcanchargedevicesquicklyand

easily-justplacethedevicesonthestandandpressthebuttontostartcharging.Thismostpopularchoiceismade

fromgood-qualitymaterialsthatwilllastforyears.

$70,00atWalmart

BondingLamp

Theseelectricdevicesareagreatwaytokeepyourlovedonescloseby,nomatterwheretheyare.Theyalso

helpbridgeanygapsbetweenthetwoofyou.Whetheryou'remissingyourdadorjustwanttoshowhimhow

muchyoucare,justtouchyourlampathand,andtheotherlampinyourdad'srangewilllightupautomatically,

lettinghimknowyou'rethinkingofhim.

$128.00at

21.Whichgiftisusedforafathertohosthisfriends?

A.ThermocareBlanket.B.MerryTimeModemSet.

C.CATCH:3Classics.D.BondingLamp.

22.Whatdothefourgiftshaveincommon?

A.Theyworkbyelectricity.B.Theyhavelowerpriceonline.

C.Theyareenvironmentallyfriendly.D.Theycanmakegoodhomedecoration.

23.Whomaythetextbeintendedfor?

A.Afatherwhoiskeenonfashion.B.Abloggerwhoprovidesadviceongifts.

C.Afamilythatshopfordailynecessities.D.AdaughterwhoisbrowsingforFather'sDay.

【答案】21.B22.A23.D

【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了几款为父亲节准备的礼物。

21.细节理解题。根据MerryTimeModernSet中“Yourdadwillsurelyenjoyhavingguestswiththissetonthe

table."（你爸爸一定会喜欢有客人在餐桌上摆这套餐具的。）可知，父亲用来招待朋友的礼物是欢乐时光现

代套装。故选B项。

22.细节理解题。根据ThermocareBlanket中“Temperaturecanbeshownonasmalldigitalscreenandstayata

certainlevel."（温度可以显示在一个小的数字屏幕上，并保持在一定的水平。）、MerryTimeModemSet中“This

decent14-pieceteaset,includinganelectricteapot,sixcups,sixplatesandametalstoragestand,willhelphosta

properhighteaevent.^^（这套像样的14件茶具，包括一个电茶壶、6个杯子、6个盘子和一个金属储物架，

将有助于举办适当的下午茶活动。）、CATCH:3Classics中“Thisstylishwirelesschargingstandfeaturesa10W

outputsothatyourdadcanchargedevicesquicklyandeasily-justplacethedevicesonthestandandpressthe

buttontostartcharging.”（这款时尚的无线充电支架具有10W的输出功率，因此您的父亲可以快速轻松地为

设备充电-只需将设备放在支架上并按下按钮即可开始充电。）和BondingLamp中“Theseelectricdevicesarea

greatwaytokeepyourlovedonescloseby,nomatterwheretheyare."（这些电子设备是让你爱的人留在身边的

好方法，不管他们在哪里。他们也有助于弥合你们之间的隔阂。）可知，这四种礼物的共同之处是它们靠电

工作。故选A项。

23.推理判断题。根据文章大意以及第一段“Fathersarethebest.Sometimesdadscanbehardtoshopfor一asit

feelsliketheyhaveeverything.Butsurelytheyaremissingoutonsomethingandthafsexactlywhereourlistof

extraordinarygiftscomesin."（父亲是最好的。有时候给爸爸买礼物很难，因为感觉他们什么都有。但他们

肯定错过了一些东西，这正是我们列出非凡天赋的原因。）可推知，这篇文章的读者是一个正在为父亲节浏

览网页的女儿。故选D项。

B

OnFebruary20,thesciencefictionmagazineClarkesworldwasforcedtostopacceptinganynewarticles

fromwritersafteritwasfloodedwithAl-writtenstories.

“Bythetimeweclosedonthe20th,wehadreceived500human-writtenstoriesand700Al-writtenones,“said

editor-in-chiefNeilClarke."Itwasincreasingatsuchaspeedthatwefiguredthatbytheendofthemonth,we

wouldhavedoubledthenumberofarticleswenormallyhave.Theratehadbeengrowingfrompreviousmonths,

andwewereconcernedthatwehadtodosomethingtostopit.”

WorriesaboutAImisusehavefrequentlyappearedinheadlinesrecently,particularlysincethelaunchof

ChatGPTinNovember,2022,whichcannotonlyanswerabroadrangeofquestions,butalsocreateoriginalpoems

andstories.

Clarkesaidmagazineslikehis,whichpaycontributorsfortheirwork,werebeingtargetedbypeopletryingto

makequickmoney.Hesaidhehadalreadyspokentoeditorsofothermagazinesandthatallofthemhadagreedto

stopacceptingAl-writtenarticles.Healsoadmittedthatthehumorofhissci-fimagazinebeingtargetedbyAI

robotsisnotlostonhim.

“Youknow,ourmascot（吉祥物）isarobot.Soweseetheirony,“hesaid.4tButthethingisthatsciencefiction

isoftenintendedtogiveawarningtopeople.Wedon'tcelebratetechnologyjustbecauseitexists.Wewanttomake

surethatwe'reusingitright.Andtherearesomesignificantlegalandmoralissuesaroundthistechnologythat

we'renotreadytoaccept.

Clarkesaidthemagazinedidn'tknowhowtodealwiththeissue,andpartofthemotivationtospeakoutwas

inthehopeoffindingsomesolutions.HealsosaidthequalityoftheAl-writtenstorieswasverypoor.

24.WhafsthematterwiththemagazineClarkesworld?

A.Itwillclosedownforever.B.ItwastargetedbyAIwriters.

C.Itstoppedpayingcontributors.D.Ithaslostmanygoodauthors.

25.Whatcanweinferaboutothermagazines5attitudetotheAl-writtenstories?

A.Disapproving.B.Favorable.C.Unknown.D.Tolerant.

26.WhatdoesNeilClarkesayaboutsciencefiction?

A.Itoftenintendstofindsomesolutions.

B.Itwelcomestheexistingnewtechnologies.

C.ItwillacceptAl-writtenstoriesinthenearfuture.

D.Itoftentriestowarnthedarksideoftechnologies.

27.Whereisthistextmostlikelyfrom?

A.Anotice.B.Asciencefiction.C.Anewsreport.D.Abookreview.

【答案】24.B25.A26.D27.C

【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。报道介绍了享誉全球的科幻杂志Clarkesworld最近受AI作品的影响，不得

不暂停接受新稿件。

24.细节理解题。第一段提到"OnFebruary20,thesciencefictionmagazineClarkesworldwasforcedtostop

acceptinganynewarticlesfromwritersafteritwasfloodedwithAl-writtenstories.9,（2月20日，科幻杂志《克

拉克世界》被迫停止接受任何作家的新文章，因为它被人工智能撰写的故事淹没了。）由此判断，Clarkesworld

是被AI写手逼得不得不暂停接受新稿件。故选B。

25.推理判断题。第四段提到"Hesaidhehadalreadyspokentoeditorsofothermagazinesandthatallofthemhad

agreedtostopacceptingAI-writtenarticles.”（他说，他已经和其他杂志的编辑谈过，他们都同意停止接受人工

智能撰写的文章。）由此判断，其他杂志对AI生成的作品持否定态度。故选A。

26.细节理解题。第五段提到"'Butthethingisthatsciencefictionisoftenintendedtogiveawarningtopeople.

Wedon'tcelebratetechnologyjustbecauseitexists.Wewanttomakesurethatwe'reusingitright.Andthereare

somesignificantlegalandmoralissuesaroundthistechnologythatwe'renotreadytoaccept.（但问题是，科幻

小说往往是为了给人们一个警告。我们不会因为技术的存在而赞美它。我们要确保我们正确地使用它。关

于这项技术，有一些重大的法律和道德问题，我们还没有准备好接受。）由此判断，NeilClarke认为科幻杂

志经常试图警告技术的黑暗面。故选D。

27.推理判断题。第一段提到"OnFebruary20,thesciencefictionmagazineClarkesworldwasforcedtostop

acceptinganynewarticlesfromwritersafteritwasfloodedwithAl-writtenstories.^^（2月20日，科幻杂志《克

拉克世界》被迫停止接受任何作家的新文章，因为它被人工智能撰写的故事淹没了。）文章第一段中交代了

事情发生的时间，由此判断，这是一篇新闻报道。故选C。

C

Ifsnothardtobepoeticaboutthebroadanddeepbenefitsofspendingtimeinnaturalspaces,fromamazing

nationalparkstothesimplelovelinessofawalkaroundacityparkortree-linedneighborhoodstreet,andsome

timeworkinginthedirtofyourowngarden.

AnewstudyfromresearchersatClemsonUniversityhasfoundanotherbenefittosimplyputtingyourbodyin

anaturalspace:itcanlowertheamountofmoneyyouspendonhealthcare.

“Themechanismslinkingnatureandhealthareverydiverse,9,saidMatthewH.E.M.Browning,theprincipal

investigatoronthestudy,"butthebenefitisbelievedtobeinpartbecausebeingingreenspacecandecreasestress,

promotehealthybehaviorsandenableyoutobreathefreshair.”

Browningandhisteamusedsatellitedatatoinvestigatehowmuchgreenspacewaswithin250,500and1,000

meters（820,1,640,and3,280feet）offivemillionnorthernCaliforniaresidentswhowereinsuredbyKaiser

Permanente.Theythendeterminedthecoststheinsurancecompanypaidouttothosesamemembersovera

two-yearperiod.Theytookintoaccountage,gender,raceandanumberofneighborhoodcharacteristicsincluding

populationdensityandeducationlevels.

Evenwithallthesefactorsincludedintotheiranalysis,theresearchersfoundthatthosewholivednearthe

mostgreenspacehadanaverageof$374lessperyearinhealthcareexpensescomparedtothosewholivedfarther

fromnaturalspaces.

Theresearchershopetheirfindingswillsupportpublicpoliciesthatprioritize（优先考虑）naturalelementsin

residentialareas.Foryou,maybethislearningwillinspireyoutoplantatreeorapottedflowertoday-orcreatea

beautifulgardentoenjoy,withaviewofsomehealth-giving,greengoodness.

28.Whatdoestheauthorintendtodoinparagraph1?

A.Leadinthetopicofthetext.B.Summarizearecentstudyresult.

C.Providesomeadviceforreaders.D.Raisereaders9interestinexercise.

29.WhatdoesMatthewH.E.M.Browningtrytoexplaininparagraph3?

A.Whyspendingtimeinnaturebenefitshealth.

B.Natureandhealthcanaffecteachotherdeeply.

C.Howresidentialgreenspaceimprovesairquality.

D.Thebenefitofwalkinginanaturalspaceisobvious.

30.Whatdotheresearchersexpectoftheirfindings?

A.Theycanencouragefurtherrelevantresearch.

B.Theycandelightcurrentinsurancecompanies.

C.Theycanboosttheestablishmentofgreenspace.

D.Theycanremindustopurchasemoreinsurance.

31.Whatcanbethemostsuitabletitleforthetext?

A.GettingClosetoNatureKeepsUsHappy

B.IfsUnnecessarytoInvestMuchinHealth

C.It'sNotHardtoKeepFitforCityResidents

D.BeinginNatureReducesHealthCareCost

【答案】28.A29.A30.C31.D

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项新的研究发现，该研究表明人们处于自然环境中可以减

少医疗保健的费用。

28.推理判断题。根据文章第——段"It'snothardtobepoeticaboutthebroadanddeepbenefitsofspendingtimein

naturalspaces,fromamazingnationalparkstothesimplelovelinessofawalkaroundacityparkortree-lined

neighborhoodstreet,andsometimeworkinginthedirtofyourowngarden.（花时间在自然空间中带来的广泛而

深刻的好处并不难，从令人惊叹的国家公园到在城市公园或绿树成荫的社区街道上简单的散步，再到在自

己花园的泥土上工作的时间。）”可知，第一段主要讲述了待在自然空间有好处；而第二段“Anewstudyfix）m

researchersatClemsonUniversityhasfoundanotherbenefittosimplyputtingyourbodyinanaturalspace:itcan

lowertheamountofmoneyyouspendonhealthcare.（克莱姆森大学的研究人员的一项新研究发现，将身体置于

自然环境的另一个好处是：它可以降低你在医疗保健上的花费。）”则讲述了置身自然界的其他好处。由此可

以判断，作者写第一段是为了引出本文的话题。故选A。

29.推理判断题。根据文章第三段“"Themechanismslinkingnatureandhealthareverydiverse,saidMatthewH.

E.M.Browning,theprincipalinvestigatoronthestudy,"butthebenefitisbelievedtobeinpartbecausebeingin

greenspacecandecreasestress,promotehealthybehaviorsandenableyoutobreathefreshair.”（这项研究的首席

研究员MatthewH.E.M.Browning说：“将自然和健康联系起来的机制是多种多样的，但人们相信，在绿色

空间中受益的部分原因是，它可以减轻压力，促进健康行为，让你呼吸新鲜空气。”户可知，MatthewH.E.M.

Browning所说的话是解释了身处自然环境中有益于健康的原因是因为身处自然环境可以有助于解压、促进

健康行为并让你呼吸新鲜空气。故选A。

30.细节理解题。根据文章最后一段"Theresearchershopetheirfindingswillsupportpublicpoliciesthat

prioritize（优先考虑）naturalelementsinresidentialareas.Foryou,maybethislearningwillinspireyoutoplanta

treeorapottedflowertoday-orcreateabeautifulgardentoenjoy,withaviewofsomehealth-giving,green

goodness.（研究人员希望他们的发现能够支持优先考虑居住区自然元素的公共政策。对你来说，也许这一学

习将激励你今天种植一棵树或一盆花，或者创造一个美丽的花园来享受，以一些有益健康的观点。）”可知，

研究人员希望他们的发现能够推动创建更多的绿色空间。故选C。

31.主旨大意题。根据文章第二段“AnewstudyfromresearchersatClemsonUniversityhasfoundanotherbenefit

tosimplyputtingyourbodyinanaturalspace:itcanlowertheamountofmoneyyouspendonhealthcare.（克莱姆

森大学的研究人员的一项新研究发现，将身体置于自然环境的另一个好处是：它可以降低你在医疗保健上

的花费。）”以及第五段“Evenwithallthesefactorsincludedintotheiranalysis,theresearchersfoundthatthose

wholivednearthemostgreenspacehadanaverageof$374lessperyearinhealthcareexpensescomparedto

thosewholivedfartherfromnaturalspaces.（即使把所有这些因素都纳入分析，研究人员发现，与那些住在远离

自然空间的人相比，那些住在绿色空间附近的人每年的医疗费用平均少374美元。厂可知，本文主要介绍了

一项新的研究发现结果，也就是人们处于自然环境中可以减少医疗保健的费用。所以“BeinginNature

ReducesHealthCareCost（亲近大自然可以降低医疗成本）”作为文章标题最为合适。故选D。

D

Nexttimeyou'rehavingtroublesolvingatrickypuzzle,consideraskinganearbybumblebee.

AnewstudyinthejournalPLOSBiologyfindsthatthesehumbleinsectscanactuallylearntosolvepuzzles

fromoneanother,suggestingthatevensomeinvertebrates（无脊椎动物）likethesesocialinsectshaveacapacity

forwhatwehumanscall"culture.”

“Thesecreaturesarereallyquiteincredible.They'rereallygoodatlearningdespitehavingthesetinybrains,9,

saysAliceBridges,abehavioralecologistatAngliaRuskinUniversityinEngland.

“Inthepastcoupleofdecades,agrowingbodyofevidencehasshownthatanimalslikechimpsandbirdsshow

evidenceofculture,bywhichwereallymeanjustthatanimalslearnfromeachother."saysAndyWhiten,a

cognitiveethologist（认矢口动物行为学家）whostudieswildanimalmindsattheUniversityofStAndrewsin

Scotland.

“Nobody'sreallythoughttolookatitininvertebratesbefore,saysBridges.Shesetouttoprovethemwrong.

""Basically,IbuiltitoutofPetridishes,9,shesays.ThebaseofthePetridishheldthereward:adropofsupersweet

sugarwater.Bridgescutasmallholeinthelid“toformarotating（旋转）topthatcanbespunbypushingeitheron

thisredtabclockwise（顺时针）orthebluetabanti-clockwise.^^

Shetrainedsomebeestohead-butttheredtabtogetthesugarwaterandtrainedotherstopushthebluetab.

Then,Bridgesplacedthesetutorbeesinsidedifferentcolonies,alongwiththepuzzleboxes.

Theexperimentshowedthatincolonieswherethetutorbeehadoriginallylearnedtopushtheredtab,the

otherbeesinthecolonyusuallypushedtheredtab.Incolonieswherethetutorbeewastrainedtopushthebluetab,

theirfellowbeestendedtodothesame.

“Wefoundthatthebehaviorsspreadamongthecolonies,9,shesays,"Theycopiedthebehaviorof

demonstratorsevenwhenoccasionallytheydiscoveredthattheycoulddothealtemative.^^

32.WhatisthepurposeofParagraph1?

A.Tomakeaprediction.B.Tointroducethetopic.

C.Togiveanexample.D.Toprovidebackgroundinformation.

33.WhatcanwelearnfromBridges'swords?

A.Differentcolonieslikedifferentcolors.

B.Cultureismadeupofmultipletraditions.

C.Bumblebeesaretoohumbletolearnsomethingnew.

D.Nopreviousstudiesfocusonthecultureininvertebrates.

34.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"demonstrators“inthelastparagraphreferto?

A.Tutorbees.B.Puzzleboxes.C.Differentcolonies.D.Chimpsandbirds.

35.Whichcanbethebesttitleforthetext?

A.InvertebratesAretheSmartestintheWorld

B.ABehavioralEcologistHasMadeaSuccessfulExperiment

C.AnimalslikeBumblebeesCanTransmitCertainBehaviorsCulturally

D.InsectCultureLooksRatherDifferentfromThatSeenamongHumans

【答案】32.B33.D34.A35.C

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了像大黄蜂这样的无脊椎动物存在传递某种行为的现象。

32.推理判断题。根据第一段"Nexttimeyou'rehavingtroublesolvingatrickypuzzle,consideraskinganearby

bumblebee.（下次当你在解决一个棘手的难题时，可以考虑问一下附近的大黄蜂）”以及第二段“Anewstudyin

thejournalPLOSBiologyfindsthatthesehumbleinsectscanactuallylearntosolvepuzzlesfromoneanother,

suggestingthatevensomeinvertebrates（无脊椎动物）likethesesocialinsectshaveacapacityforwhatwehumans

call“culture.”（发表在《公共科学图书馆・生物学》杂志上的一项新研究发现，这些不起眼的昆虫实际上可以

相互学习解决难题，这表明即使是一些无脊椎动物，比如这些群居昆虫，也有我们人类所谓的“文化”能力）”

可推知，第1段的目的是引入文章话题。故选B。

33.细节理解题。根据第五段“Nobody'sreallythoughttolookatitininvertebratesbefbre（以前没有人想过在无

脊椎动物身上观察它）”可知，以前没有关于无脊椎动物培养的研究。故选D。

34.词句猜测题。根据倒数第二段"Theexperimentshowedthatincolonieswherethetutorbeehadoriginally

learnedtopushtheredtab,theotherbeesinthecolonyusuallypushedtheredtab.Incolonieswherethetutorbee

wastrainedtopushthebluetab,theirfellowbeestendedtodothesame.（实验表明，在导师蜜蜂最初学会推红色

标签的群体中，群体中的其他蜜蜂通常会推红色标签。在导师蜜蜂被训练去推蓝色标签的群体中，它们的

同伴也倾向于这样做）”以及最后一段"Wefoundthatthebehaviorsspreadamongthecolonies（我们发现这种行

为在峰群中传播开来）”可知，蜜蜂会模仿导师蜜蜂的行为，故画线词指的是“导师蜜蜂:故选A。

35.主旨大意题。根据第二段“AnewstudyinthejournalPLOSBiologyfindsthatthesehumbleinsectscan

actuallylearntosolvepuzzlesfromoneanother,suggestingthatevensomeinvertebrates（无脊椎动物）likethese

socialinsectshaveacapacityforwhatwehumanscall"culture.''（发表在《公共科学图书馆•生物学》杂志上的一

项新研究发现，这些不起眼的昆虫实际上可以相互学习解决难题，这表明即使是一些无脊椎动物，比如这

些群居昆虫，也有我们人类所谓的“文化”能力）”结合文章介绍了像大黄蜂这样的无脊椎动物存在传递某种行

为的现象。可知，C选项“像大黄蜂这样的动物可以在文化上传播某些行为“最符合文章标题。故选C。

第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

AccordingtoJaimeRobe