北师大版初二(上)英语第5讲：unit-3-词汇篇(教师版)

Unit3词汇篇____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________1.理解并灵活运用重点单词、词组2.理解、掌握并灵活运用重点句型1.competev.竞争，对抗compete常用于下列短语：competewith意为“与…媲美；比得上”，例如：Shecompeteswithherbestfriend.她和她最好的朋友互相竞争。competefor意为“为…竞争”，例如：Theycompetedforthegoldmedal.他们为了金牌而竞争。competitionn.竞争，比赛2.preparev.准备常与for一起连用，构成短语preparefor意为“为…做准备”，例如：Ican’tgotothemoviewithyoubecauseIhavetoprepareforanexam.我不能和你一起去看电影，因为我不得不为考试做准备。3.arrivev.到达，抵达arrive不及物动词，后接表地点的名词时，要使用介词in或at。其中arrivein后接比较大的地点，如国家或城市等；arriveat后接具体的小地点，如车站、学校、公园等。例如：HearrivedinEnglandlastweek.他上周抵达英国。Whendidyouarriveatthebusstation.你什么时候到达公共汽车站的？4.spendv.花费过去式、过去分词spent,spent主语是人spendsometime/somemoneyonsth.花时间/钱在某事上spendsometime/somemoney(in)doingsth.花时间/钱做某事例如：Ispent10dollarsonthebook./Ispent10dollars(in)buyingthebook.我花10美元买了这本书。【“花费”知识拓展】cost(cost,cost)主语是物，例如：Thebookcostme10dollars.这本书花了我10美元。take(took,taken)固定搭配“Ittakes/tooksb.sometime/somemoneytodosth.”做某事花费某人…时间/钱，例如：Ittookme1hourtodomyhomework.做家庭作业花了我1个小时的时间。pay(paid,paid)，主语是人paysomemoneyforsth.为某物支付…钱，例如：Ipaid10dollarsforthebook.我花10美元买了这本书。5.successn.意为“成功，胜利”，例如：Thefilmwasagreatsuccess.这部电影大获成功。【知识拓展】successfuladj.成功的，如愿以偿的，successfullyadv.用来修饰动词，例如：Hisexperimentisgreatlysuccessful.他的实验很成功。Heworkedoutthemathsproblemsuccessfully.他成功地解出了那道数学题。succeedv.成功succeedindoingsth.成功地做某事，例如：Hesucceededinpassingtheentranceexamination.他成功地通过了考试。6.million百万million为数词，意为“百万”，million前有具体数字时，不管其后是否有of，都使用单数形式；million单独与of连用时，用复数millions，意为“数百万的”，例如：Thereareabout6millionpeopleinthiscity.这座城市大约有600万人。Millionsofpeoplearewatchingthebasketballgame.数百万的人正在观看这场篮球赛。7.unlike不像unlike为介词，意为“不像；与…不同”，多指外表和性质上的不同。其反义词为like(像)。例如：Unlikehisfather,heisoutgoingandcreative.不像他的爸爸，他外向又有创造力。【知识拓展】dislikev.意为“不喜欢”，后跟名词、代词或动名词。其反义词为like(喜欢)。例如：Idislikemaths.It’stooboring.我不喜欢数学。它太无聊了。8.both…and和，两者都both…and，用于连接句中的两个并列成分。该结构做主语时，谓语动词用复数。【知识拓展】both…and…同义短语为“notonly…butalso”意为“不但…而且…”。但notonly…butalso连接的两个成分做主语时，谓语动词遵循就近原则。9.getreadyfor为…做准备，例如：Wearegettingreadyforthefinalexam.我们正在为期末考试做准备。getreadytodosth.为…做准备，例如：Wearegettingreadytospendtheholiday.我们正在为度假做准备。10.takeplace发生，举行takeplace意为“发生，举行”，主要指有安排或计划的“发生”。例如：ThepartywilltakeplaceonFridayevening.晚会将在星期五晚上举行。【知识拓展】happen不及物动词，也可意为“发生”，指一些不可预见的、偶然的事件的发生，例如：Anaccidenthappenedtohimlastweek.他上周发生了一起事故。11.attheageof在…岁的时候，例如：Dannywasabroadattheageof20.Danny在20岁的时候出国了。12.begoodat擅长begoodat后接名词、代词或动名词，与dowellin是同义词组。例如：MaryisgoodatChinese.=MarydoeswellinChinese.Mary语文学得很好。begoodfor对…有好处/益处，反义词组为bebadfor对…有坏处begoodwithsb.与某人相处得好13.What…thinkof…….认为…怎么样？用于提问对人或事物的看法。类似表达方式还有：“How…like…?”“How…feelabout?”例如：WhatdoyouthinkoftheweatherinBeijing?=HowdoyouliketheweatherinBeijing?=HowdoyoufeelabouttheweatherinBeijing?你认为北京天气怎么样？14.SoisTina.Tina也是。“so+系动词be/助动词/情态动词+主语”意为“…也…”，是一个表示肯定的倒装句。表示主语所做的动作与前面句子的动作一致，前后两个句子的主语指不同的人或物，其中的系动词be、助动词和情态动词在时态上与前句保持一致，而在单复数上与其后的主语一致。例如：PeterisinterestedinEnglish.SoamI.Peter对英语感兴趣。我也是。【知识拓展】“so+主语+系动词/助动词/情态动词”是对前句主语和动作的重复与强调，意为“的确…”，前后主语一致。例如：Sheisagoodstudent.Sosheis.她是个好学生。她的确是。1.MaYunisa_________businessman.Hecanalwaysdealwithmanyproblems_________.A.success;successfully B.successful;successfullyC.succeed;successful D.successful;success2.---DoyouknowMoYan?---Ofcourse.Hewonthe2012NobelPrizeforliterature_____theageof57.A.atB.inC.onD.to3.MissReadisgood_________music.Shecanbegood______childreninthemusicclub.A.at;at B.with;with C.at;with D.with;at4.Ourtownhaschangedalot,_________.A.sohishasB.sohashis C.soishers D.sohashe5.---________doyou______thebook?---It’sveryinteresting.A.What;likeB.What;thinkof C.How;thinkD.How;thinkof6.---Doyouoftengetonline?---Yes.I_______lotsoftimeonit.It’sagoodwaytokilltime.A.cost B.spendC.take D.use7.Therearemorethanthree________peopleinthecity.A.millions B.millionsof C.million D.millionof8.TheOlympicGamesof2008__________inBeijing.A.tookafterB.tookoffC.tookplaceD.tookaway9.Thesedaysmyclassmatesarebusy_________readyforthefinalexam.A.togetB.getC.gotD.getting10.MarryandJanearebothveryquiet,but_______them,theiryoungerbrotherTomisquitenaughty.A.likeB.alikeC.unlikeD.with解析：successn.成功；succeedv.成功；successfuladj.成功的successfullyadv.成功地。题意为“马云是个成功的商人。他总能成功地处理难题。”形容词修饰名词，副词修饰动词。故选B。固定搭配“attheageof”…岁时，题意为“你知道莫言吗？—当然知道，在他57岁的时候，他获得了诺贝尔文学奖”。故答案为A。3.固定搭配begoodatsth.擅长某事begoodwithsb.与某人相处得好，题意为“Read小姐擅长音乐，她和音乐俱乐部的孩子们相处得很好。”故选C。4.“so+系动词be/助动词/情态动词+主语”意为“…也…”，是一个表示肯定的倒装句。表示主语所做的动作与前面句子的动作一致，前后两个句子的主语指不同的人或物，其中的系动词be、助动词和情态动词在时态上与前句保持一致，而在单复数上与其后的主语一致。题意为“我们的城镇变化很大，他的（城镇）也是。”前句的助动词为has，his=histown，故选B。5.固定句型Whatdoyouthinkof.../Howdoyoulike...，都是提问对某人或某物的看法。题意为“—你认为这本书怎么样？—它非常有趣。”根据下文“它非常有趣”，可知答案选B。6.固定用法sb.spendsomemoney/timeonsth.某人在某事/物花费金钱/时间，题意为“—你经常上网吗？—是的，我花费很多时间在这上面，上网是消磨时间的好方式”。故选B。7.由于空白处前面有数词three，故此处应用million的单数形式。题意为“这个城市有超过三百万的人口。”故选C。8.takeafter与...相像；takeoff脱掉，起飞；takeplace发生，举行；takeaway带走，拿走。根据题意“2008年的奥运会在北京举行”，故选C。9.bebusydoingsth.忙着做某事，getreadyfor为...做准备。题意为“这些天我的同学们正忙着准备期末考试。”故选D。10.like喜欢，像；alike相似的，相同的；unlike不像；with和，用。根据题意“Mary和Jane都非常安静，但是不像他们，他们的弟弟Tom相当淘气。”故选C。答案：1-5BACBB6-10BCCDC基础演练一、短语互译稍微_______________2.开玩笑________________3.打破记录_________________多于_______________5.发生事故______________6.跳高项目_________________上周_______________8.两年后________________9.学校运动节_______________最好的跳跃者_______________________在…的末尾_________________________prepareforsth._______________________bewell-knownfor____________________二、根据句意及汉语提示填写单词或词组Johnwonthefirstprizeinthe400m_____________(赛跑).YesterdayIboughta___________(唱片)ofDengZiqi.---HowoftenaretheO___________Gamesheld?---Everyfouryears.I’msureJackcanwinthec__________thisterm.Mygrandpaistoo__________(虚弱的)tolookafterhimself.Heneedshelp.I’mgoingtoTian’anmenSquaretowatchtheraisingofthen______flag.Thelittleboyisvery__________(勇敢的).What_______(大小)bowlofporridgewouldyoulike,smallorlarge?Everyyeartheworld’stoptennisplayerscometoShanghaitoc________againsteachother.Manyofthestudentsinourclassarefromthe_____________(北部).巩固提高根据中文提示完成句子。（每空一词）我们村附近有一条20米宽的河。Thereisa_______________nearourvillage.Jack是我们学校最高的学生。Jackis________________________inourschool.Anna在比赛中赢得了金牌。Anna_________________________________inthecompetition.—多久之后你将搬到北京去？—三个月以后。---______________willyoumoveto?---____________________.他的父亲和母亲都是医生。_______hisfather________mother_______doctors.我的同学们正在为晚会做准备。Myclassmates_____________________theeveningparty.请你要求孩子们不要玩蛇好吗？Wouldyouplease______thechildren____________________withsnakes?北京是中国的首都。Beijingis________________________China.9.2016年奥运会将在里约热内卢举行。The2016OlympicGames____________________inRiodeJaneiro.10.这位老人为慈善机构筹集了数百万美元。Theoldmanraised____________________forcharity.答案基础演练一、短语互译abit2.jokearound3.breaktherecordmorethan5.haveanaccident6.highjumpeventlastweek8.intwoyears9.SchoolsSportsDay10.thebestjumper11.attheendof12.为某事做准备13.因…而闻名于世二、根据句意及汉语提示填写单词或词组race2.record3.Olympic4.competition5.weak6.national7.brave8.size9.compete10.north巩固提高20—metre-wideriverthetalleststudentwonthegoldmedalHowsoon;InthreemonthsBoth;andarepreparingforask;nottoplaythecapitalofwilltakeplacemillionsofdollars一、单项选择1.---Whatisthe________ofthesignonthebottle?---It_______“Keepsawayfromthechildren”.A.means;meaningB.meaningful;meaning C.meaning;means D.means;mean2.Overtheriverthereis______bridge.A.a110-meter-long B.a110-meters-long C.an110-meter-longD.an110-meters-long3.Wearetoosmalltocompete_______acompanylikethat.A.for B.with C.in D.on4.Thegroupofthesoldiersarrived______asmalltown_______arainymorning.A.to;onB.at;in C.at;on D.in;in---Ihear______yourgrandpa______yourgrandmalikewatchingBeijingOpera.---Right,justasmanyoldpeopledoinourcityA.both;and B.either;orC.neither;norD.notonly;butalso6.---Mum,Ihavegreattroublewithmymaths.---Never_______andyouwilllearnitwell.A.giveout B.giveaway C.giveup D.giveoff7.SallyandIarein________.A.classtwo B.ClassTwo C.TwoClass D.twoclass8.---Itisoftensaid,“Allroads_________Rome.”---Yes.I’msureifyouworkhard,youwillbe_______.A.leadto;successfulB.leadto;successfully C.leadingto;success D.leadingto;successful9.JustinBieberhasmanygoodsongs.Theyare______withyoungpeople.A.modern B.beautifulC.easy D.popular10.Itwill_________youmuchtimetofinishthehardwork.A.spendB.takeC.use D.need完形填空“Nevergiveup!”Itismylaw(法则)oflife.Ithasbroughtme1.Ilearnedthelawfrommyfather’s2story.Myfatherwas3inapoorvillageinthenorthofJiangsu,China.Whenhewasayoungboy,hewenttoschoolinthemorning,then4inthefieldstillsunset.Andthenhedidhishomework5midnight.Lifewashard,becausetheyhaveno6!Attheageof14,myfatherheardoftheUnitedStatesofAmerica.Itwasthelandofgold,thelandwhere7peoplecanbecomerich.“8don’tIgotoAmerica?”hethoughttohimself,fullofhope.So,myfathercametoAmerica.“Ihadthoughtitwaseasyto9moneyinAmerica,”hetoldme.“ButwhenIarrivedhere,Irealizeditwasnottrue.Theydidnotliketohire(雇佣)mebecauseIspoke10English.Later,Iworkedinasmallrestaurant,cleaninguptables,11dishesandsweepingthefloor.Lifewas12forthefirstfewyears.Iworkedfrom10a.m.to11p.m..IwantedtogotoschooltolearnEnglish,butitwasimpossible.Icouldn’t13theschooling(学费).”Myfather14workinghard,andreachedhisgoal.“Alan,”heoftensaystome.“Ifyouwantsomething,youhavetoworkforitandnevergiveup.Thingsdonotcome15inlife.”ThatiswhatIlearnedfrommyfather.1.A.disaster B.lossC.success D.pity2.A. lifeB.fashion C.danger D.history3.A. famous B.lucky C.rich D.born4.A. taught B.worked C.studied D.slept5.A. until B.towards C.for D.during6.A.experience B.energy C.time D.money7.A.kindB.poor C.strong D.lazy8.A.What B.How C.Why D.When9.A.discover B.make C.collect D.spend10.A.little B.good C.much D.excellent11.A.givingB.running C.washing D.receiving12.A.comfortable B.cheerful C.nice D.hard13.A.borrow B.need C.afford D.pay14.A.kept B.finished C.minded D.stopped15.A.really B.easily C.quietly D.slowly答案 单项选择1-5CABCA6-10CBADB完形填空1-5CADBD6-10DBCBA11-15CDCAB__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________一、单项选择1.Thepolicemanaskedthechildren________inthestreet.A.nottoplay B.tonotplay C.don’tplay D.playing2.Thetextisveryhardforyou.Thereare__________newwordsinit.A.afew B.alittle C.few 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(附：6-10，2013-2014海淀八年级上期中英语模拟试卷)二、用括号内所给词的正确形式填空11.It’stime________(have)breakfastnow.12.Maryisgoodat______________(run).13.Hemadeafew___________(mistake)intheexam.14.Tokeephealthy,Idecide____________(exercise)halfanhoureveryday.15.Doyouwant____________(watch)thenews?三、根据汉语提示完成英语句子16.Janek为这次旅行准备了好几个月。Janek____________thetripforseveralmonths.17.这个人是多么的勇敢啊！_______________themanis!18.他怎样能够到达公园？How_______he______________thepark?19.他给了生活最好的回答。Hegave______________________ofhislife.20.他小时候出过车祸，失去了左腿。He_______________accidentwhenhewasyoungand______hisleftleg.四、完形填空Allovertheworldpeopleenjoysports.Sportshelppeopletokeep21,happyandtolive22.Peopleplaydifferentgamesinwinterandsummer.23isgoodforswimming.Andinwinterpeopleoftengoskating.Somesportsarevery24andpeopleeverywherelikethem.Forexample,footballisverypopular.InChina,mostpeople,men,25boysandgirls,liketowatchfootballgames.Theyoftentalkaboutthem.26andjumpingbeganlong,longago.Butbasketballandvolleyballarerather27.Peoplebegantoplaythemnotlongago.Andpeopleare28newsportsorgamesallthetime.Waterskiingisoneof29.People30differentcountriesmaynotbeabletounderstandeachother,butafteragametheyoftenbecomefriends.21.A.healthB.busyC.healthyD.lazy22.A.longB.longerC.happyD.happily23.A.WinterB.SummerC.AutumnD.Spring24.A.boringB.difficultC.expensiveD.interesting25.A.womanB.womenC.oldD.young26.A.RunB.RunsC.RunningD.Torun27.A.newB.interestingC.popularD.old28.A.startB.playC.playingD.starting29.A.oldestB.newestC.theoldestD.thenewest30.A.inB.ofC.fromD.a五、阅读理解AEveryfouryears,thegreatestathletesfromallovertheworldgettogetherinonecitytotakepartinthe

worldsportsmeeting-theOlympicGames.Theholyflame(圣火)iscarriedfromoneplacetothenext.In2008,theholyflamewascarriedtoBeijing,thecapitalofChina.

WhenBeijingwaschosenasthehostcitytoholdtheOlympicGamesin2008,alltheChinesepeoplewere

veryhappy,excitedandproud.Theyshowedtheirexcitementindifferentwayswhentheyheardthenews.Somepeoplecheered,jumpedandshouted.

InBeijingwebuiltanewOlympicvillagewithhotelsforathletesandstadiumsformatches.

“OneWorld,OneDream”isoursloganforthe29thOlympics.Itexpressesthewishesof1.3billionChinese

peopleforapeacefulandbetterworldtomorrow.31.TheOlympicGamesisheldevery_____years.A.five

B.two

C.three

D.four32.Beijinghostedthe29thOlympicsin_____.A.2007B.2008C.2012D.201033.______wasbuiltforthe29thOlympicsinBeijing.A.HotelsB.StadiumsC.Olympicvillage

D.Villages34.WhenChinesepeopleheardthenewsthatBeijingwouldholdthe29thOlympics,they_______.A.cheered

B.excitedC.shouted

D.alltheabove35.Thesloganforthe29thOlympicsis_______.A.“Good,better,best”

B.“Faster,higher,stronger”

C.“OneWorld,OneDream”

D.“World,Dream”

BOn22ndJanuary,2007,DaveCornthwaitefromtheUKbecamethefirstpersontoskateboardacrossAustralia.Hemadeanewworldrecord,byskatingatotalof5,823kilometers.JackSmith,theprevious(前任的)champion,hadskatedatotalof4,830kilometersacrosstheUSin2003.Dave’sjourneystartedinPerthanden