英语北师大版选修6导学笔记Unit16PeriodTwo

PeriodTwoLesson2NameStoriesⅠ.重点单词1．specificadj.特定的；详细的2．significancen．重要性；意义significantadj.重要的，重大的；影响深远的3．abnormaladj.反常的，不正常的normaladj.正常的4．vividadj.生动的，逼真的5．hardshipn．艰苦，困苦6．originn．起源，开端；出身originaladj.最初的；原来的7．discouragevt.使泄气，使灰心discouragedadj.泄气的；沮丧的discouragingadj.令人沮丧的8．sufferingn．痛苦，困难sufferv．遭受；忍受9．musicaladj.音乐的；n.音乐剧，音乐片musicn．音乐10．admirableadj.令人钦佩的admirev．佩服，羡慕11．teasevt.取笑，嘲笑Ⅱ.重点短语1．name...after以……的名字给某人/某物命名2．eacross偶然遇见3．holdup支撑起4．counton依靠5．figureout理解6．endup以……结束，以……告终7．putupwith容忍，忍受8．inparticular特别，尤其Ⅲ.重点句式1．because引导原因状语从句Herfatherthoughthewasadmirablebecausehebuiltbridgesyoucanreallycounton.她的父亲认为他受到人们的钦佩是因为他修建了人们真正可以依赖的桥。2．不定式作后置定语Sotheyfiguredoutawaytochange(change)it.因此他们想出了一种方法来改变它。3．when引导时间状语从句Shebecamequitefamouswhensheinventedanewwayofholdingupsuspensionbridgesduringthebuildingprocess.在建造过程中，当她发明了一种新的建设吊桥的方式时，她在业内变得非常出名。4．doyouthink作插入语Iftheycouldchooseothernames，whatdoyouthinktheywouldbe?如果他们可以选择其他的名字，你认为他们会选择什么名字呢？重点词汇1．IcameacrossaninterestingnamestorywhenIvisitedmycousininHenanProvince.当看望我在河南省的表妹时，我偶然听到一个关于名字的有趣故事。eacross偶然遇见，偶然发现；被理解，被领会eabout发生eout出现，露出；开花；发行，发表eup发生，出现；被提及，被讨论eupwith提出，想出(1)Hespokeforalongtime，buthismeaningdidnoteacross.他讲了很久，但还是没有把意思讲明白。(2)Canyoutellmehowtheaccidentcameabout?你能告诉我事故是怎样发生的吗？(3)Itissaidthathernewalbumwilleoutnextmonth.据说她的新专辑下个月发行。(4)Somethingstrangecameupinthebuildingyesterday.昨天这座楼里出现了奇怪的事情。[单句改错](5)Thenewsuggestionscameupwith\[KG*2/3]byayoungmanfromanotherpany.2．Herfatherthoughthewasadmirablebecausehebuiltbridgesyoucanreallycounton.她的父亲认为他受到人们的钦佩是因为他修建了人们真正可以依赖的桥。(1)admirableadj.令人敬佩的；极佳的(2)admirevt.钦佩；赞赏admiresb.forsth.因为某事而钦佩某人admiresb.fordoingsth.因做某事而赞赏某人(3)admirationn．钦佩；赞赏(1)Theschoolisadmiredforitsexcellentteaching.这所学校教学优秀，远近称赞。(2)Idon’tagreewithher，butIadmireherforsticking(stick)toherprinciples.我不同意她的意见，但是我赞赏她坚守原则。(3)Allthechildrenwatchedthefamousscientistinadmiration(admire)．所有孩子都敬佩地看着这位著名科学家。[单句改错](4)Ihaveagreatadmirationforherasawriter.counton依赖，依靠；期待，指望countonsb./sth.依靠、指望某人/事countonsb.todosth.指望某人做某事countondoingsth.指望做某事(5)Heissolazythatwecan’tcountonhimtofinishthetaskontime.他太懒了，我们不能指望他按时完成任务。(6)Fewpeoplecancountonhaving(have)ajobforlife.很少人会指望一辈子只干一个工作。[联想归纳]“依赖，依靠”的表达法还有哪些？请写出。relyon；dependon[句型转换](7)Wecan’tcountonhising.→Wecan’tcountonhimtoe.3．Shewasworriedthatherdaughterwouldhavetoputupwithtoomuchteasingwithaman’sname.她担心她女儿因为有一个男孩的名字而不得不忍受太多的嘲笑。putupwith容忍，忍受，与bear和stand同义，后接名词、代词或动名词putaside存储；放在一边，不理睬putaway收拾；存起来putdown记下；放下；镇压putoff推迟；延期putup举起；建造；提高；投宿；张贴(1)Icannotputupwithyourbadbehavioranylonger!我再也不能忍受你的恶劣行径了！(2)Theydecidedtoputasidetheirdifferences.他们决定搁置双方的分歧。(3)Hismotheraskedhimtoputhistoysawaybeforegoingtobed.他妈妈让他睡觉前把玩具收起来。(4)Youhadbetterputdownwhattheteachersaidjustnow.你最好把老师刚才说过的话记下来。(5)ThedirectorhastoputoffhisweddinguntiltheSpringFestival.这个导演不得不把婚礼推迟到春节了。4．However，shedidn’tlikeitsoshechangedherstudiesandendedupbeinganengineer！但是，她不喜欢医学，因此调换了专业，最终成为了一名工程师！endupdoing...结果是……；以……告终endupwith以……结束后接表示具体事物的名词endupin以……结束后接表抽象概念的名词endupas...最终变成……(1)Keepondoingthatandyou’llendupgettingintoserioustrouble.再继续那样做下去的话，你最终会陷入严重的麻烦。(2)Youcanendupwithwhatastronautscallacarbon­dioxideheadache.最后你就会得被宇航员称之为“二氧化碳头疼症”的病。(3)Hisattempttopersuadetheboyended(up)infailure.他企图说服那个男孩但最终以失败告终。[单句改错](4)Shehadintendedtobeawriter，butendedupeq\f(for,as)aworker.5．Shebecamequitefamouswhensheinventedanewwayofholdingupsuspensionbridgesduringthebuildingprocess.在建造过程中，当她发明了一种新的建设吊桥的方式时，在业内她变得非常出名。holdup支撑起，举起；阻挡，阻碍；抢劫holdback隐瞒；抑制，控制感情等holdout伸出；抱有希望等；维持holdon用语别挂断；坚持；等一下holdonto抓紧，不放开(1)Toshowthis，shehelduponechopstick，representingoneperson.为了表明这一点，她举起一根筷子，代表一个人。(2)Shemanagedtoholdbackheranger.她抑制住了自己的怒火。(3)Iheldoutmyhandtosupporther.我伸出手扶住她。(4)Shetoldthespeakertoholdonforamoment.她让打的人稍等一会儿。[单句改错](5)Holdoneq\o(\s\up7(∧),\s\do5(to))therope，oryou’llfalloffthetruck.6．Chinesenamescanalsohavesignificanceaccordingtotheirsounds.中文名字根据其发音也是有意义的。(1)significancen．重要性，意义，意思，含义havegreatsignificancefor对……有重大意义ofno/little/greatsignificance无关紧要/有重大意义(2)significantadj.有意义的；显著的(1)Thenewdrughasgreatsignificanceforthetreatmentofthedisease.这种新药对于这种病的治疗有重大意义。(2)Mygrandfatherlookedovertheletterandgavemeasignificantsmile.我外公仔细看了那封信，然后给了我一个意味深长的微笑。[一句多译](3)这个工程对当地村民意义重大。①Theprojectisverysignificanttolocalvillagers.(significant)②Theprojectisofgreatsignificancetolocalvillagers.(significance)7．...shewasalsodiscouragedbecauseshemissedherhomeinnorthernEngland...……因为她想念位于英格兰北部的家乡，所以她也很沮丧……(1)discouragevt.使泄气，使灰心；劝阻；打消(念头)discouragesb.fromdoingsth.劝阻某人做某事(2)discouragedadj.灰心丧气的，沮丧的(3)discouragingadj.令人泄气的(4)discouragementn．泄气，灰心；挫折(1)Whatshesaiddidn’tdiscourageme.她说的话没有使我灰心。(2)Constantdelaysdiscouragepeoplefromusingpublictransport.经常晚点打消了人们使用公共交通的念头。(3)Yetinsteadofbeingdiscouragedbymyslowprogress，Iwasexcited.我没有对自己缓慢的进步感到沮丧，反而很兴奋。(2017·全国Ⅰ)(4)Herefusedtogiveupinspiteofmanydiscouragements(discourage)．虽然有很多挫折，他拒绝放弃。[单句改错](5)Today’sreportontheeconomyisrathereq\f(discouraged,discouraging).经典句式Iftheycouldchooseothernames，whatdoyouthinktheywouldbe？如果他们可以选择其他的名字，你认为他们会选择什么名字呢？(1)句式结构：疑问词＋doyouthink＋陈述句语序？(2)经常用于这种句式结构的插入语还有：doyoubelieve，doyousuppose，doyouguess，doyouimagine等。Ithink，Isuppose，Ibelieve，Iguess，Ihope等也可以在陈述句中作插入语。(1)Whodoyouthinkwasthemostimportantwomanofthepast100years?你认为谁是过去100年里最重要的女性？(2)Whendoyousupposeshewillebackfromabroad？你认为她何时从国外回来？(3)Whatdoyouguesshasmadeherchangehermind?你猜是什么使得她改变了主意？Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Thediscoveryhasgreatsignificance(significant)tothearea.2．Thefamousscientist’sgreatachievementisadmirable(admire)．3．HespeaksEnglishverywellindeed，butnotsofluentlyasanativespeaker.4．Aftertheforestfire，around95%oftheisland’soriginal(origin)speciessurvived.5．Neverletdiscouragement(discourage)holdyouback.6．Almosteveryoneherehassomemusical(music)ability.7．Idohopemyapplicationforleavewon’tbehelduptoolong.8．Fromhisexpression，wecouldtellthathecouldn’tfigureouttheproblem.9．Thegirlisfondofmusic，popularsongsinparticular.10．Thiswarhascausedwidespreadhumansuffering(s)(suffer)．Ⅱ.完成句子11．WehavemadeaplantolearnfromLeiFeng(向雷锋学习)．12．Heisalwaysherewhenyouneedhishelp(当你需要他的帮助时)．13．Ifoundthelecturehardtofollowbecauseithadstarted(因为它已经开始了)whenIarrived.14．Theparentswantedtheirdaughtertobeasstrongasanyboy(和任何男孩一样强壮)．15．Whatdoyouthinkweshoulddo(你认为我们该怎么办)whenwemeetateacherlikethis?Ⅲ.课文语法填空LiShichunisagirlnexttomycousin.The“Chun”partofLiShichunstandsforspringwhenshewasborn.She’salsonamed16.afteraSuiDynastyengineer，LiChun.Buthermotherthoughtthat17.sounded(sound)toomuchlikeaboy’sname.Shewas18.worried(worry)thatherdaughterwouldhavetoputupwithtoomuchteasingwithaman’sname.Sotheyfiguredoutaway19.tochange(change)it.Theyadded“Shi”fromhergrandmother’sname.Well，thatwas20.lucky(luck)becauseshelooked21.likehergrandmotheranyway.LiShichun22.eventually(eventual)wenttouniversity23.whereshestudiedmedicine.24.However，shedidn’tlikeitsoshechangedherstudiesandendedup25.being(bee)afamousengineer!Ⅰ.阅读理解AManyAmericancitieshaveinterestingnicknames.Nicknamescanhelpestablishtheidentityofacity.Theycanalsospreadprideamongitscitizens.Butnicknamessometimescanmakefunofsomething.Cleveland，OhioisacityinAmerica’sMidwest.OneofitsearliestnicknameswasForestCity.Nooneknowsforsurewhogaveitthisnameintheeighteenthirties.ButClevelandprobablyhadalotoftrees.Thisnicknamebecamepopularamonglocalbusinessesintheeighteenfifties.Today，somebusinessesintheClevelandareastilluseForestCityintheirnames.ClevelandsitsnexttoLakeErie，oneofNorthAmerica’sGreatLakes，whichwasonceamajormanufacturingcity.Shipsusedthelakefortransportinggoods.Inthenineteenfifties，businessescalledClevelandtheBestLocationintheNation.However，manyfactoriesclosedormovedaway.Clevelandhadseverefinancialproblemsinthenineteensixtiesandseventies.Innineteensixty­nine，thecitybecamefamous，butnotinagoodway.Cleveland’sCuyahogaRivercaughtonfirebecauseofindustrialwastesonthesurfaceoftheriver.Sointhenineteenseventies，thenationalmediabegancallingthecityTheMistakeontheLake.Sincethen，Clevelandhassoughttoimproveitsimage，sotheRockandRollHallofFameandMuseumopenedinClevelandinnineteenninety­five.Sothecityisproudofitslatestnickname，TheRockandRollCapitaloftheWorld.AnothercityintheMidwestisDetroit，Michigan，whichliesnearGreatLakes.HenryFordstartedtheFordMotorpanyinDetroitinnineteenhundredthree.Fiveyearslater，hemadethefirst“ModelT”automobile.Withintenyears，DetroitwasbeingcalledTheMotorCity.ItisstillthecenteroftheautomobileindustryinAmerica.AnotherpopularnicknameforDetroitisMotown.BerryGordy，JuniorstartedtheMotownRecordCorporationinDetroitinnineteenfifty­nine.African­Americansingersrecordingforthepanywereextremelypopularinthenineteensixtiesandnineteenseventies.TheirrecordsweresosuccessfulthatDetroitwasalsocalledHitsville(金曲乌托邦)，USA.eq\x(语篇解读本文介绍了美国城市克里夫兰和底特律几个绰号的由来。)1．ThereasontheRockandRollHallofFameandMuseumopenedinClevelandisthat.A．therockwasweledmostbypeopleinClevelandB．ClevelandwascoveredbytoomanyforestseverywhereC．ClevelandwantedtoimproveitsreputationanditsimageD．ClevelandwascalledtheRockandRollCapitaloftheWorld答案C解析细节理解题。根据第五段第一句可知，从那时起，克里夫兰开始试图改善其形象。1995年，摇滚名人堂博物馆在克里夫兰开放。因此其开放该博物馆的原因是为了试图改善其形象。2．WhichofthefollowingaboutDetroit，MichiganisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A．Detroit，MichiganwasoncecalledForestCity.B．Detroit，Michiganhasthreeuniquenicknames.C．Detroit，MichiganwasthebirthplaceofHenryFord.D．Thefirst“ModelT”automobilewasinventedin1903.答案B解析细节理解题。根据倒数第一、二段可知密歇根州底特律市有三个别名：汽车之城(TheMotorCity)，摩城(Motown)及金曲乌托邦(Hitsville，USA)，共计三个别名。所以选项B正确。3．WhatisthesimilaritybetweenClevelandandDetroit?A．Theyarebothmajormanufacturingcities.B．TheybothsitnexttoNorthAmerica’sGreatLakes.C．TheybothbelongtothesamestateoftheUS.D．TheyareboththebestlocationsintheNation.答案B解析细节理解题。根据第三段首句“ClevelandsitsnexttoLakeErie，oneofNorthAmerica’sGreatLakes...”以及第六段首句“AnothercityintheMidwestisDetroit，Michigan，whichliesnearGreatLakes.”可知，它们的共同点是都位于五大湖畔。B(2017·山西临汾一中高二检测)Iwastheoldestoffivechildrenbackinthe60’s.Welivedinanicelittlethree­bedroombungalow(平房)inMichigan.MomandDadworkedsohard，yetalwaysfoundthetimetospendwithus.Theonlyplacetheycouldtakefiveactivechildrentowasthedrive­in(汽车影院)movies!Wealwayslookedforwardtogoingtothedrive­in！Momwouldfillabigbagwithhome­madepopcorn.Onthewaythere，Dadwouldmakeaspecialstopatthepennycandystore，wherewewereallallowedtofillalittlebrownbagwithallkindsofpennycandy.Weweresoexitedaswecarriedourtreasuresbacktothecar，knowingwecouldn’teatituntilthecartoonbegan.Wewouldgetthereearly，sothatwecouldplayontheplayground，rightunderthebigscreen.Assoonasitstartedtogetdark，thescreenlitup，andwewouldracebacktothecartogetourcandy.Therewerealwaystwocartoonsplayingbeforethemovie，likeFelixtheCat，TheCoyote，andTomandJerry.Butwhatwasjustasexcitingwasthetickingclockadvertisementfortherefreshmentstand，withdancinghotdogs，candyandicecream.Thatcameonrightbeforethemovie.Itwasallthatfivekidscouldhopefor，andbythen，stayawakefor.Wewouldgethomearound2am，prettylateforus.Momhelpedusdragourselvesandourpillowstoourbedsanddadcarriedinthelittleones.Iwasdisappointedthedaytheyclosedthelastdrive­ininourtown.Itwillalwaysholdspecialmemoriesforus—thosedaysofpennycandy.语篇解读本文介绍了作者小时候一家人去汽车影院看影片的经历以及最后他们所在的城镇关闭了最后一家汽车影院的故事，表现了作者对汽车影院的热爱及对小时候那段时光的怀恋。4．Whatcouldtheauthoreatwhenhewatchedthecartoonsandmovies?A．Hotdogs.B．Icecream.C．Hamburgers.D．Popcornandcandy.答案D解析细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Momwouldfillabigbagwithhome­madepopcorn.Onthewaythere，Dadwouldmakeaspecialstopatthepennycandystore，wherewewereallallowedtofillalittlebrownbagwithallkindsofpennycandy.”可知，母亲会装满一大包自制爆米花，父亲会特意去买糖果，在棕色的袋子里装满各种糖果，故选D。5．Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“ourtreasures”inthesecondparagraphreferto?A．Momanddad.B．Thepennycandy.C．Favoritecartoons.D．Home­madepopcorn.答案B解析词义猜测题。根据上下文可知画线词语是指糖果，故选B。6．Whatwasthelastshowbeforethemovie?A．FelixtheCat.B．TomandJerry.C．Thedancinghotdogs.D．Thetickingclockadvertisement.答案D解析细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中的“Butwhatwasjustasexcitingwasthetickingclockadvertisementfortherefreshmentstand，withdancinghotdogs，candyandicecream.Thatcameonrightbeforethemovie.”可知，“That”指前文的tickingclockadvertisement，故选D。7．Whatdoweknowabouttheauthor?A．Hehadaboringchildhood.B．Hehadfouryoungerbrothers.C．Hemissedthedriver­inverymuch.D．Hedidn’tlikewatchingthemoviesatall.答案C解析推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，作者对那个时候的糖果永远保持着特殊的回忆，也就意味着怀念去汽车影院看电影的那段时光，故选C。Ⅱ.完形填空(2017·山东鄄城一中高二检测)Oneday，akindwomanhappenedtosaysomethingthathurtherbestfriendofmanyyears.She8immediatelyandwoulddoanythingtotakethewordsback.Whatshesaidhurtthefriendso9thatthisgoodwomanherselfwashurtforthe10shecaused.Inanefforttoundowhatshehaddone，shewenttoanolder，wiserwomaninthevillage，explainedher11，andaskedforadvice.Listeningtoher，theolderwomansensedtheyoungerwoman’sworryandknewshemust12her.Shealsoknewshecouldnever13herpain，butshecouldteach.Sheknewtheoutewouldonly14thecharacteroftheyoungerwoman.Shesaid，“Tonight，15yourbestfeatherpillowsandputasinglefeatheronthe16ofeachhouseintownbeforethesunrises.”Theyoungwomanhurriedhometoprepareforit，17thefeatherpillowswereverydeartoher.18，shelaboredaloneinthecold.Finallytheskywasgetting19.Sheplacedthelastfeatheronthestepsofthelasthouse.Justasthesunrose，she20totheolderwoman.“Now，”saidthewisewoman，“gobackand21yourpillowswiththefeatheryouhaveputonthesteps.22everythingwillbeasitwasbefore.”“Youknowthat’simpossible！Thewind23awayeachfeatherasfastasIplacedthemonthedoorsteps！”Theyoungwomanwassurprised.“That’s24，”saidtheolderwoman.“Neverforget.Eachofyour25islikeafeatherinthewind.Oncespoken，noamountof26，nomatterhowheartfeltorsincere，canreturnthemtoyour27.Chooseyourwordswelland，mostofall，guardtheminthepresenceofthoseyoulove.”语篇解读一个女人对自己说了伤害朋友的话感到很后悔，于是去求助于一位智者。这位智者用装满羽毛的枕头让这个女人明白了“说话要谨慎”的道理。8．A.replied B．forgotC．laughed D．regretted答案D解析根据下文的“woulddoanythingtotakethewordsback”可知，她感到后悔，故选D项。9．A.deeply B．slightlyC．little D．straight答案A解析她所说的话把