2024年广东省广州市部分学校中考一模英语试题（解析版）

2024年广东省广州市部分学校中考英语一模试卷

一、语法选择

阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从1〜15各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选

出最佳选项。

The19thAsianGameswasheldinHangzhou,ChinafromSeptember23toOctober8,2023.Hangzhouisa

greatplace]aboutChinesecultureandhistory.AndifsthethirdChinesecitytohostthissportingevent

2Beijingin1990andGuangzhouin2010.

TheHangzhouAsianGamesisa“green"and"smart“event.3nofireworkswereletoffinthecity

duringtheOpeningCeremony,yetthetelevisionviewerscouldseedigitalfireworks.Asidefromthat,thereisa

specialsystem4cantellpeople'sfacesinthekitchenoftheathlete'svillageinHangzhou.Ifa“stranger”

5intothekitchen,analarmwillgoofftoletpeopleknow.Themanagersofthekitchenwillalsoget

messageson6phones.There9salsoasystemtokeepaneyeonthetemperatureofthefridges.Everydishat

theAsianGamesshouldbe7andhealthytoeat.Besides,aminiprogramcalledtheHangzhouAsianGames

ARserviceishere8ifyoucan'tfindyourwaytowatchtheevents.You9turnonyourphone?s

camera.Thenitwillseewhereyouareandshowyoutheway.Youcanalsogetmoreinformationaboutthefields

asyouwalkby.

Theopeningceremonywasafantasticdisplay.It10intothreeparts：”TimelessGrace","TidalBore

oftheQiantangjiangRiver",and"'TogetherTowardstheFuture”.11showingthebeautyofChineseculture,

embracingtechnologicaladvancements,andpromotingglobalcooperation,theeventgave12exampleof

thetruemeaningoftheGames.InternationalOlympicCommitteePresidentThomasBachsaid,"Thisopening

ceremonywasaperfectcombinationofdigitaltechnologyandhumangracefulness.CongratulationstoChinaon

this13event.^^

AttheGames,Chinasucceededin14themostgoldmedalsandsilvermedals.TheHangzhouAsian

GameshasbecomethelargestAsianGames15.Itisnotonlyasportingevent,butalsoanimportant

windowfortheworldtoknowHangzhouandChineseculture.

1.

A.learnB.learntC.learnsD.tolearn

2.

A.beforeB.afterC.untilD.when

3.

A.AlthoughB.BecauseC.WhileD.If

4.

A.whatB.whichC.whoD.whom

5.

A.goB.goesC.wentD.willgo

6.

A.theyB.themC.theirD.theirs

7.

A.safeB.safetyC.safelyD.save

8.

A.helpB.helpsC.helpingD.tohelp

9.

A.simpleB.simplerC.simplestD.simply

10.

A.dividedB.wasdividingC.wasdividedD.hasdivided

11.

A.InB.WithC.OnD.By

12.

A.aB.anC.theD./

13.

A.exciteB.excitedC.excitingD.excitement

14.

A.gettingB.getc.gotD.gotten

15.

A.yetB.onceC.everD.just

【答案】l.D2.B3.A4.B5.B6.C7.A8.D9.D10.C11.D12.

B13.C14.A15.C

【解析】

【导语】本文主要介绍了杭州亚运会。

[1题详解】

句意：杭州是一个了解中国文化和历史的好地方。

learn了解，动词原形；learnt动词过去式或过去分词；learns动词三单；tolearn动词不定式。根据“agreat

place...aboutChinesecultureandhistory”可知，此处用不定式作后置定语。故选D。

【2题详解】

句意：它是继1990年北京和2010年广州之后第三个举办这一体育赛事的中国城市。

before在...之前；after在之后；until直至!J；when当时。根据"Andit'sthethirdChinesecityto

hostthissportingevent...Beijingin1990andGuangzhouin2010.“可知，杭州是在北京和广州之后举办亚运会

的中国城市。故选B。

【3题详解】

句意：虽然开幕式期间没有燃放烟花，但电视观众可以看到数字烟花。

Although尽管；Because因为；While当……时；If如果。分析句子可知，空处前后是让步关系，用

although引导让步状语从句。故选A。

【4题详解】

句意：除此之外，杭州运动员村的厨房里还有一个特殊的人脸识别系统。

what什么，不引导定语从句；which指物，引导定语从句，在从句中作主语或宾语；who指人，在定语从

句中作主语或宾语；whom指人，在定语从句中作宾语。本句是定语从句，先行词是物，用which引导定

语从句。故选B。

[5题详解】

句意：如果一个“陌生人”走进厨房，警报器就会响起来让人们知道。

go去，动词原形；goes动词三单；went动词过去式；willgo一般将来时。本句是if引导的条件状语从

句，根据“主将从现”原则，从句用一般现在时，主语是三单，谓语动词用三单。故选B。

【6题详解】

句意：厨房的经理也会在他们的手机上收到信息。

they他们，主格；them宾格；their形容词性物主代词；theirs名词性物主代词。根据"phones”可知，此处

修饰名词，用形容词性物主代词。故选C。

【7题详解】

句意：亚运会上的每一道菜都应该是安全且健康的。

safe安全的，形容词；safety名词；safely副词；save节省，动词。根据“EverydishattheAsianGames

shouldbe...andhealthytoeat.”可知，be后跟形容词作表语。故选A。

【8题详解】

句意：此外，如果你找不到观看比赛的路，一个名为“杭州亚运会AR服务”的微信小程序可以帮助你。

help帮助，动词原形；helps动词三单；helping动名词或现在分词；tohelp动词不定式。根据“amini

programcalledtheHangzhouAsianGamesARserviceishere”可知，此处是表示目的，用动词不定式。故选

Do

【9题详解】

句意：你只需要打开手机摄像头。

simple简单的，形容词；simpler比较级；simplest最高级；simply只，仅仅，副词。此处用副词修饰动词

词组turnon。故选D。

【10题详解】

句意：它被分成三部分：《国风雅韵》、《钱塘潮涌》和《携手同行》。

divided分离，动词过去式或过去分词；wasdividing过去进行时；wasdivided一般过去时的被动语态；has

divided现在完成时。主语It和动词divide是动宾关系，因此用被动语态。故选C。

【11题详解】

句意：通过展示中华文化之美，拥抱科技进步，促进全球合作，这次活动展示了亚运会的真正意义。

In在里面；With用，后跟具体工具；On在上面；By通过。bydoingsth”通过做某事“，固定短语。故选

Do

【12题详解】

句意：通过展示中华文化之美，拥抱科技进步，促进全球合作，这次活动展示了亚运会的真正意义。

a不定冠词，表泛指，用于以辅音音素开头的单词前；an不定冠词，表泛指，用于以元音音素开头的单词

前；the定冠词，表特指；/零冠词。根据"theeventgave...exampleofthetruemeaningoftheGames”可知，止匕

处表泛指，example“例子”，可数名词，以元音音素开头，所以空出用冠词an。故选B。

【13题详解】

句意：祝贺中国举办这么令人兴奋的赛事。

excite使兴奋，动词；excited兴奋的，修饰人；exciting令人兴奋的，修饰物；excitement兴奋，名词。此

处修饰event,指物，用-ing形式的形容词作定语。故选C。

【14题详解】

句意：在运动会上，中国成功地获得了最多的金牌和银牌。

getting获得，动名词或现在分词；get动词原形；got动词过去式；gotten动词过去分词。succeedindoing

sth“成功做某事”，固定短语，所以空处用动词ing形式。故选A。

【15题详解】

句意：杭州亚运会已成为有史以来规模最大的亚运会。

yet尚，还；once一■次，曾经，多与过去时态连用；ever曾经，多与完成时态连用；just只，仅仅。根据

“TheHangzhouAsianGameshasbecomethelargestAsianGames...”可知，此处加强语气，杭州亚运会比以往

任何时候的规模都要大。故选C。

二、完形填空

Thirtyyearsago,adogcalledCookiecametomyhome.Thoughitwashardformetosupportanotherfamily

16,1nevergaveitasecondthought.

Iwasatravelwriter.Ioftentraveledoverthecountryto17materialforwriting.WhenIcameback

homeandwrotemystories,CookiealwayssatnexttomydeskandwecouldhaveconversationsaboutwhereI'd

beenandwhatI'dseen.We18eachotherasonlyanimalsandthosewholovethemcan.Ioftenreadwhat

I'dwrittentoher.Ifsheturnedawaytostartcleaningapaw,Iknewthatshedidn'tlikeitandIhadto19

mystory.Ofcourse,shedidn'tunderstandwhatIwasreallywriting.Butthiskindofcommunicationwithherwas

my20ofpushingastorytoahigherlevel.

Sheencouragedme21inmakingupstoriesandbecamemycompanioninmytravels.Somereaders

maythinkit22tohavesucharelationship,butdogownerslikemewouldknowifstrueandunderstand

us.

MyheartwasbrokenwhenmyfriendCookie23meforever.Shediedatherageof16.Likemany

oldfriends,sheandIsharedalotovertheyears.ImisshersomuchandIamalso24toherforbeingat

mysideforallthoseyears,listeningandsimplyloving.

Itdoesn'tmatterifsheneverunderstoodawordIsaidorthatsheneverleftme.Shewasmytravel

25andalwayswillbe.

16.A.hostB.workerC.memberD.cleaner

17.A.createB.collectC.buyD.check

18.A.shoutedatB.worriedaboutC.complainedtoD.communicatedwith

19.A.practiceB.describeC.improveD.recommend

20.A.wayB.effectC.degreeD.problem

21.A.greatlyB.loudlyC.suddenlyD.hardly

22.A.incorrectB.properC.simpleD.impossible

23.A.hurtB.forgotC.leftD.refused

24.A.generousB.thankfulC.friendlyD.helpful

25.A.partnerB.leaderC.guideD.supporter

【答案】16.C17.B18.D19.C20.A21.A22.D23.C24.B25.A

【解析】

【导语】本文主要讲述了作者的一只宠物狗Cookie,她会在作者写稿子时陪伴着作者，并且愿意听作者的

事。作者把她当作自己终生的旅行伴侣，如果没有Cookie的存在，作者不会那么成功。

【16题详解】

句意：虽然我很难养活另一个家庭成员，但我从未多想过。

host主人；worker工人；member成员；cleaner清洁工。根据"Thoughitwashardformetosupportanother

family...”可知，此处是指很难养活家人。familymember"家人"。故选C。

【17题详解】

句意：我是个旅行作家。我经常周游全国收集写作材料。

create创造；collect收集；buy买；check检查。根据"materialforwriting."可知，此处是指收集写作素

材。故选B。

【18题详解】

句意：我们彼此交流，因为只有动物和爱它们的人才能交流。

shoutedat大喊；worriedabout担心；complainedto抱怨；communicatedwith与...交流。根据"wecould

haveconversationsaboutwhereI'dbeenandwhatI'dseen.,>可知，这里指我们彼此交流。故选D。

【19题详解】

句意：如果她转身开始清理爪子，我知道她不喜欢，我必须改进我的故事。

practice练习；describe描述；improve提高，改进；recommend推荐。根据"Iknewthatshedidn'tlikeit”

可知，她不喜欢，所以我不得不改进自己的故事。故选C。

[20题详解】

句意：但这种与她的交流是我将故事推向更高层次的方式。

way方式；effect影响；degree度数；problem问题。根据"thiskindofcommunicationwithherwasmy"可

知，此处是指这种交流是我将提升故事层次的方式。故选A。

[21题详解】

句意：她鼓励我编写故事，并成为我旅行的伙伴。

greatly极大地；loudly大声地；suddenly突然地；hardly几乎不。根据"encouragedme...inmakingup

stories”可知，她极大地鼓励我编写故事。故选A。

【22题详解】

句意：一些读者可能认为不可能有这样的关系，但像我这样的养狗人会知道这是真的，并理解我们。

incorrect不正确的；proper真正的；simple简单的；impossible不可能的。根据“butdogownerslikeme

wouldknowit'strueandunderstandus.w可知，此处是指一些读者认为不可能有这样的关系。故选D。

【23题详解】

句意：当我的朋友Cookie永远离开我时，我的心都碎了。

hurt伤害；forgot忘记；left离开；refused拒绝。根据"Shediedatherageof16.“可知，Cookie离开我了。

故选Co

【24题详解】

句意：我非常想念她，我也感谢她这么多年来一直陪伴在我身边，倾听和爱着我。

generous慷慨的；thankful感谢的；friendly友好的；helpful有帮助的。根据uforbeingatmysideforall

thoseyears,listeningandsimplyloving.”可知，作者对此要感谢她的陪伴。故选B。

[25题详解】

句意：她是我的旅行伙伴，而且永远都是。

partner伙伴，搭档；leader领导者；guide导游；supporter支持者。根据“forbeingatmysideforallthose

years,listeningandsimplyloving.”可知，她是我的伙伴。故选A。

三、阅读第一节阅读理解

阅读下列短文，从各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

WhentalkingaboutfishinginChina,JiangTaiGongisverylikelytobethefirstnamethatwouldcometo

people'smind.

ThestoryhappenedinthelateyearsoftheShangdynasty.JiangTaiGongonceservedthekingofShang

dynasty,andbegantohatehimfortyrannyfromthebottomofheart.JiangTaiGongwasageniusinmilitarytactics

andgovernmentmanagement.HelivedneartheWeiheRiverabout3,000yearsago.Theareawasthefeudalestate

ofCountJiChang.JiangTaiGongknewJiChangwasveryambitious,sohehopedtogetJi'sattention.

HeoftenwentfishingattheWeiheRiver,buthewouldfishinanunusualway.Hehungastraightfishhook,

withoutbait,threefeetabovethewater.Lookers-onwerecuriousaboutit,andJiangTaiGongexplained,6<Iwould

liketotakehonestlyratherthantoaskforwiththekneesdown.Ifishnotforthefishbutforthenobility（高贵）

LaterwordstraveledtoCountJi.Hesentasoldiertoinvitehim.JiangTaiGongignoredthesolider,goingonwith

fishing,andwastalkingtohimself,“Fishing,fishing,nofishhasbeenhooked.Ashrimpisuptomischief（恶作

居ThesoldierreportedthisbacktoJiChang,whobecamemoreinterestedinthisman.Then,CountJisentan

officialtoinvitehim.Itdidn'twork.FinallyJiChangrealizedJiangmaybeagenius,sohewenttoinviteJiangTai

Gonghimself.Jiangsawhissincerityandhonestyandfinallydecidedtoworkforhim.Intheend,JiangTaiGong

helpedCountJiandhisoffspringbuildagreatpowerandbuildZhoudynasty-agreatdynasty.

Today,peopleusetheoldidiomTherearealwaysfishwillingtobecaughtbyanglerJiangTaigongto

describesomeonewhowillinglyfallsinatrapordoessomethingnomatterwhattheresultis.Thisidiomhasbeen

passedonfromgenerationtogeneration.Tosomedegree,itcouldberegardedasapartofChinesephilosophy.

26.WhydidJiangTaiGonggiveupservingthekingofShangDynasty?

A.BecauseJiangwastoooldtoservetheking.B.Becausethekingtreatedhispeoplerudely.

C.BecauseJiangwasanambitiousperson.D.Becausethekingdidn'tneedJianganymore.

27.HowdidJiangTaiGongfish?

A.Hefishedwithastraighthookinthewater.B.Hefishedwithoutbaitabovethewater.

C.Hefishedwithbaittopleadforfish.D.Hefishedwithausualfishhookwithoutbait.

28.Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“ashrimp^^inh3referto?

A.akindofanimalB.asmallfishC.thesoldierD.theofficial

29.Whichofthefollowingscanweusetheidiomtodescribe?

A.Linda,whostilltrustspeoplethattellliesB.Annie,whoisalwayswillingtohelpothers

C.Leo,whoenjoyssettingtapsforothersD.Tommy,whodoesthingsafterthinkingtwice

【答案】26.B27.B28.C29.A

【解析】

【导语】本文主要通过姜子牙的故事来解释了一个词语“姜太公钓鱼，愿者上钩”。

[26题详解】

细节理解题。根据"JiangTaiGongonceservedthekingofShangdynasty,andbegantohatehimfortyrannyfi,om

thebottomofheart.”可知姜太公放弃为商朝国王效力是因为商王对待人们很残暴。故选B。

[27题详解】

细节理解题。根据"Hehungastraightfishhook,withoutbait,threefeetabovethewater.”可知他在水面上钓鱼，

没有诱饵。故选B。

[28题详解】

词义猜测题。根据“Hesentasoldiertoinvitehim.JiangTaiGongignoredthesolider,goingonwithfishing,and

wastalkingtohimself,Tishing,fishing,nofishhasbeenhooked.Ashrimpisuptomischief.5”可知此处指没有等

到要等的人，等来了一个士兵，ashrimp在此处指代上文提到的士兵。故选C。

【29题详解】

推理判断题。根据"Today,peopleusetheoldidiomTherearealwaysfishwillingtobecaughtbyanglerJiang

Taigongtodescribesomeonewhowillinglyfallsinatrapordoessomethingnomatterwhattheresultis."可知"姜

太公钓鱼，愿者上钩”用来描述那些无论结果如何都愿意落入陷阱或做某事的人。琳达依旧信任撒谎的

人，这个成语可以用来描述她。故选A。

SCENE1

|ThefirstspirittakesScroogeintothepast.Scroogeseeshimselfasayoungman.Heistalkingtoabeautifulgirl.]

Scrooge:Ourparentshavealwayswantedustomarry.

Girl:Iwanttohavechildrenandraiseafamily.Whymustwewait?

Scrooge:Idonothaveenoughmoneyyet.Marriageisexpensive.

Girl:Buttwocanlivealmostascheaplyasone.

Scrooge:Nonsense.Youwillneedfoodandclothing.Youhavenomoneyofyourown.AnywayIhavenotimeto

spare.Imustworkeverydayuntillatetomakemoney.

SCENE2

[ThefirstspiritturnstoScrooge.]

FirstSpirit:Shemarriedandhadafamily.Shelivesahappylifenow.Shewasneverrich,butherhusbandearned

enoughtoprovideaplacetolive,foodtoeat,andclothestowear.Thatwasenough.

SCENE3

[ThesecondspirittakesScroogetoBobCratchit'shouse.Bob,hiswife,Peterandthetwoyoungchildrenare

standingbythesideofasmallbedonwhichTinyTimislying.]

Bob:Heissoill.Idonotthinkhewilllive.

Mrs.Cratchit:Ifonlywehadsomemoneyforadoctor.

Peter:PerhapsifyouaskedMr.Scroogetolendyousomemoneyforadoctor,hewouldagree.

Bob:Idon'tthinkhewould.HewouldknowI'dneverbeabletopayitback.

Mrs.Cratchit:Hehassomuchmoney.Doesn'thecareaboutotherpeople?

SCENE4

[Scroogeturnstothesecondspirit.]

Scrooge:Spirit,tellmeifTinyTimwilldie.

SecondSpirit:Iseeanemptyseatandastickwithoutanowner.

Scrooge:Oh,no,kindSpirit!Sayhewillnotdie.Hemustnotdie.

一TakenfromAChristmasCarol

30.TheunderlinedsentencesinSCENE1tellus

A.whatthecharactersaredoing.

B.whenandwhereeachscenehappens.

C.whatthecharactersaresaying.

D.howmanyscenesthereareinoneact.

31.Accordingtothepassage,boththegirlandTinyTim

A.livesahappylifewiththeirfamilynow.

B.diedbecauseoftheseriousillness.

C.washurtbyScroogeinthepast.

D.can'treturnthemoneytheyborrowed.

32.WhichsentenceshouldgointheblankinSCENE3?

A.Whatishecuriousabout?

B.Whatisheworriedabout?

C.Whyisn'thegenerous?

D.Whyisn'theconfident?

33.WhatdothetwospiritswanttoshowScrooge?

A.Hisdreamsinthepastandbraveryatpresent.

B.Hismistakesinthepastandchangesatpresent.

C.Hiscarelessnessinthepastandprideatpresent.

D.Hiskindnessinthepastanddreamsatpresent.

【答案】30.A31.C32.C33.B

【解析】

【导语】本文是《圣诞颂歌》的剧本选段。

[30题详解】

细节理解题。根据“SCENE1[ThefirstspirittakesScroogeintothepast.Scroogeseeshimselfasayoungman.

Heistalkingtoabeautifulgirl.]”可知,场景一中画线句子告诉我们一些角色正在做的事情。故选A。

【31题详解】

细节理解题。根据SCENE1中“Nonsense.Youwillneedfoodandclothing.Youhavenomoneyofyourown.

Anyway,Ihavenotimetospare.”及SCENE3中"Idon'tthinkhewould."可知，过去他们被Scrooge伤害过。

故选Co

【32题详解】

推理判断题。根据SCENE3"Hehassomuchmoney.…Doesn'thecareaboutotherpeople?”可推出此处讲到

Scrooge很富有，反问他难道不关心别人吗，空处要反问“他为什么不慷慨呢？"，故选C。

【33题详解】

细节理解题。通读全文可知这两个精灵想要展示给Scrooge他过去的错误和现在的改变。故选B。

Inthenearfuture,thedoctorswhotreatourillnessmightbetinymachinesthatswimthroughourbodies.Some

movieshaveplayedwiththeideaofmakingmachinesthesizeofacell（细胞）.Todayrobottechnologyhasbrought

theideaclosertothereallife.Inmylaboratory,Fmjusttryingtobuildsuchintelligent,orsmart,tinyrobots.

Tinylivingthings,suchasbacteria（细菌）,havemanyintelligentactions.Ifwecanmakerobotscopysomeof

them,ifsveryexciting.Thewaybacteriatravelacrosstheirenvironmentisunbelievable.Atfirst,theymovearound

withoutpurpose,butwhentheystartsensingfood,likeanaminoacid（氨基酸），theywillmovegraduallyinthat

direction.Asanexpertmakingrobots,Ithinkitisgreattomaketinyrobotsthatcandothesamething.

Forexample,lookatsomethinglikeE.coli（大肠杆菌）.Itcansenseaminoacidsaroundit.Itcanchangehow

it'smoving.Itcanrebuildorrepairitself.Infact,E.colidoesallthesesowellthatsomeresearchersareusingitas

partoftheirtinymachines.TheyaremakingtheirtinyrobotsgetfreeridesfromE.coli.AndE.colidoesallthe

sensingfortinyrobotsanddirectstheirmovements.

We'realreadyusingsmallerandsmallermedicaltools,likecatheters（导管）thatcantraveldeepintoyourbrain

totreatabloodclot（血块）.Next,wewillputtinyrobotsintothebodythatcantravelintoevensmallerspacesand

treatillnessatanearlytime.Imagineatinyrobotthatcantreatabloodclotdeepinyourbrainthatcan'tbereached

withthecathetersweareusingtoday.

Wemaynotactuallyneedsomethingaspowerfulasartificialintelligence（AI）inthesecases.Wecanstillbuild

averyusefultinyrobotwithalowdegreeofintelligence.Forexample,ifatinyrobotnoticesabloodclot,itcan

slowlymoveinthatdirection,andcarrymedicinedirectlytothatpart.Itmightonlyhavetheintelligenceofbacteria

butcouldstillwork.

34.Whatcanwelearnaboutthewriter?

A.Thewriterisamiddleschoolteacher.B.Thewriterisadentistfromahospital.

C.Thewriterisanexpertmakingrobots.D.Thewriterisanexpertmakingmedicine.

35.WhataresomeresearchersdoingaccordingtoParagraph3?

A.UsingtinyrobotstosenseE.coli.B.LettingE.coliworkfortheirtinyrobots.

C.ChangingtinyrobotsintoE.coli'sdrivers.D.TellingtinyrobotstodirectE.coli'smovements.

36.Whatdoesthewriterthinkofthecatheterstoday?

A.Theywillbewidelyusedbydoctorsinthefuture.B.Theyarenotabletogettotinierareasinthebody.

C.Theywillbesmarterthantinyrobotsinthefuture.D.Theycanhelpdoctorstakecareofpatientsontime.

37.Whafsthelastparagraphmainlyabout?

A.AIplaysanimportantroleindevelopingtinyrobots.

B.Tinyrobotscanrunfastandtreatabloodcloteasily.

C.Tinyrobotswithalowdegreeofintelligencearestilluseful.

D.Westillneedverypowerfulartificialintelligencetotreatillness.

【答案】34.C35.B36.B37.C

【解析】

【导语】本文介绍了微型机器人在医学领域的应用情况。

【34题详解】

细节理解题。根据"Inmylaboratory,I'mjusttryingtobuildsuchintelligent,orsmart,tinyrobots."以及“Asan

expertmakingrobots,Ithinkitisgreattomaketinyrobotsthatcandothesamething.“可知,作者是——名制造机

器人的专家，故选C。

[35题详解】

细节理解题。根据"Infact,E.colidoesallthesesowellthatsomeresearchersareusingitaspartoftheirtiny

machines...AndE.colidoesallthesensingfortinyrobotsanddirectstheirmovements.”可矢口，——些研究人员把大

肠杆菌作为他们的微型机器的一部分，让他们的微型机器人免费搭乘大肠杆菌，大肠杆菌为微型机器人做

所有的传感并指导它们的运动，故选B。

【36题详解】

推理判断题。根据"We'realreadyusingsmallerandsmallermedicaltools,likecatheters（导管）thatcantravel

deepintoyourbraintotreatabloodclot（血块）…can'tbereachedwiththecathetersweareusingtoday”可知,现

在医疗界已经在使用越来越小的医疗工具，比如微型机器人，那么随着科技的发展，微型机器人将被医生

更加广泛地使用，来到达导管到不了的地方。故选B。

[37题详解】

段落大意题。根据"Wemaynotactuallyneedsomethingaspowerfulasartificialintelligence（AI）inthese

cases...Itmightonlyhavetheintelligenceofbacteriabutcouldstillwork.”可知，本段主要是说智能程度低的微

型机器人还是有用的，故选C。

Howdopeoplethinkdifferently?Thishasalwaysbeenunusual.Tosearchananswer,ascientistnamedJ.P

Guilfordstartedafamousstudyofcreativityinthel970s,knownasthenine-dotpuzzle.Heaskedtheparticipants

（参与者）toconnectallninedotsusingonlyfourstraightlines,withoutliftingtheirpencilsfromthepage.Allthe

participantslookedforsolutionswithinthesquaretheyimagined.Only20percentmanagedtobreakoutofthe

squareandcontinuetheirlinesinthewhitespacearoundthedots,whiletherestofthemwereblindedbythe

boundaries（边界）ofthesquare.

TheresultsofGuilford^studyledhimtoaconclusion：creativityneedsyoutogooutsidethebox.Theidea

waswidelyspreadsoon.Overnight,itseemedthatcreativityexpertseverywherewereteachingmanagershowto

thinkoutsidethebox.Theideawassopopularthatnoonethoughtofcheckingthefacts.Noone,thatis,beforetwo

differentresearchteams:ClarkeBurhamwithKennethDavis,andJosephAlbawithRobertWeisberg,didanother

experiment.

TomakesurethatGuilford^studyiscorrect,bothteamsdividedparticipantsintotwogroups.Thefirstgroup

wasgiventhesameinstructionsastheparticipantsinGuilford^experiment.Thesecondgroupwastoldtodrawthe

linesoutsidetheimaginedbox.Guesswhat?Onlyalittlemorethan20percentsolvedthepuzzle,whichisnobig

differencefromtheresultofGuilford^experiment.

Lefslookalittlemorecloselyatthesurprisingresult.Solvingthisproblemrequirespeopletothinkoutside

thebox.However,directandclearinstructionsto"thinkoutsidethebox“donothelpparticipantsimprovetheir

performance.Thewidelyspreadideathatout-of-the-boxthinkingmakespeoplemorecreativecan,insomeway,be

dangerous.Afterall,withonesimplebutbrilliantexperiment,researchershadprovedthattheconnectionbetween

thinkingoutsidetheboxandcreativitywasamisunderstanding.

38.Whichofthefollowingpatternscansolvethenine-dotpuzzle?

39.Thenine-dotpuzzlestudyismainlyfocusedon

A.howpeopledothingsinreallife.

B.Somestudentsdon'tenjoybeingoutside.

C.whatknowledgepeoplehavelearned.

D.howpeoplethinkindifferentways.

40.Whichisthebesttitleforthepassage?

A.PuzzleSolving:AKeytoCreativity

B.Nine-DotPuzzle:AMagicTest

C.ThinkingOutsidetheBox:AMisleadingIdea

D.CreativeThinking:AnUnusualTopic

【答案】38.B39.D40.C

【解析】

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了20世纪70年代，一位名叫J.P.Guilford的心理学家进行了

一项著名的关于创造力的研究，名为“九点谜题”，这让Guilford得出了一个笼统的结论：创造力需要你

跳出框框。但是后来有人通过研究证明这个结论是一个误导。

【38题详解】

推理判断题。根据第——段“Heaskedtheparticipants（参与者）toconnectallninedotsusingonlyfourstraight

lines,withoutliftingtheirpencilsfromthepage.Alltheparticipantslookedforsolutionswithinthesquarethey

imagined.Only20percentmanagedtobreakoutofthesquareandcontinuetheirlinesinthewhitespacearound

thedots,whiletherestofthemwereblindedbytheboundaries（边界）ofthesquare.“可知，他要求参与者在不把

铅笔从纸上拿起来的情况下，只用四条直线把九个点连起来。所有的参与者都在他们想象的广场内寻找解

决方案。只有20%的人成功地突破了正方形，并在圆点周围的空白区域继续他们的线条，而其余的人则被

正方形的边界蒙蔽了双眼。结合选项，图B符合。故选B。

[39题详解】

细节理解题。根据第一段“Howdopeoplethinkdifferently?Thishasalwaysbeenunusual.Tosearchananswer,a

scientistnamedJ.PGuilfordstartedafamousstudyofcreativityinthe1970s,knownasthenine-dotpuzzle”可

知，“九点谜题”这项研究主要关注的是人们是如何用不同的方法思考的。故选D。

[40题详解】

最佳标题题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了20世纪70年代，一位名叫J.P.Guilford的心理学家进行了

一项著名的关于创造力的研究，名为“九点谜题”，这让Guilford得出了一个笼统的结论：创造力需要你

跳出框框。但是后来有人通过研究证明这个结论是一个误导。所以选项C“跳出思维定势：一个误导性的

想法”是最好的标题，故选C。

第二节阅读填空

阅读下面短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。每个选项仅使用一次。

Recently,Japanispouringtheirnuclearwastewater（核废水）intothePacificOcean.Itplanstokeeppouring

theirnuclearwastewaterforatleast30years.Mostpeoplehaveheardthisnewsfromthenewspaper,onlinenews

andtheradio.41.

Inthenuclearwastewater,thereareover60radioactiveelements（放射性元素）.It'ssomethingsodangerous.

Ifsreallyharmfulforhumansandoceanenvironment.AstudyshowsthatthewaterfromJapanwillcoverallthe

seasontheearthin10years.Theoceanbelongstotheworld.42.Japanesegovernmentsaidthattheir

nuclearwastewaterissafeanditisn'tbadfortheenvironment.43.Infact,itisnow