话题14 热点话题

专题14

热点话题（6篇）（完形填空A：2019，2016；选择型阅读理解：2021C，2015D）Passage

1【读前预先练】1.gardening

v._______园艺2.tough

adj._________艰巨的3.retired

adj._________退休的4.elementary

adj._________小学的5.oversees

v.___________________监督；无意中看到6.purpose

n._______目的7.directs

v._______指导8.increased

v._______增加9.opportunity

n._______机会their

gomove

that

teacher

in

easy

learn

subject

creative

School

gardening

has

become

very

popular

during

the

coronavirus

health

crisis,

with

families

and

teachers

saying

its

hands-on

lessons

can

be

used

to

teach

many

1.__________.

Finding

the

money

to

keep

a

school

garden

2._______can

be

tough.

Some

experts

and

teachers,

however,

are

finding

3.________ways

to

make

it

work.

Susan

Hobart

is

a

retired

elementary

school

4._______at

Lake

View

Elementary

School

in

Madison,

Wisconsin.

She

oversees

the

school’s

large

garden

with

12

raised

beds.subjectsgoingcreativeteacher

“Gardening

is

a

great

way

to

get

kids

outside

with

a

purpose.

With

gardens,

kids

get

to

see

a

beginning,

a

middle

and

an

end

to

5.______project,

with

tangible（可触摸的）results,”

she

said.

Tangible

means

6.______being

seen

or

recognized.

Toby

Adams

directs

the

New

York

Botanical

Garden’s

Edible

Academy,

where

schoolchildren

7.______about

growing

food.

Adams

said

that

interest

8.____school

gardens

increased

after

Michelle

Obama

planted

a

garden

at

the

White

House

and

invited

school

children

to

help.

Adams

added

9.____there

had

been

another

increase

in

interest

since

the

coronavirus

health

crisis

started.

theireasilylearninthat“Giving

kids

the

opportunity

10.________outside,

get

their

hands

dirty,

and

find

worms,

especially

if

their

teachers

are

excited

about

it—that’s

huge,”

Adams

said.to

work【I

can

express】一、句子仿写1.Gardening

is

a

great

way

to

get

kids

outside

with

a

purpose.__________________________________________________________Doing

eye

exercises

is

a

great

way

to

help

protect

our

eyes.2.Adams

said

that

interest

in

school

gardens

increased

after

Michelle

Obama

planted

a

garden

at

the

White

House

and

invited

school

children

to

help.____________________________________________________________________________________________________The

girl

didn’t

invite

any

classmate

to

go

to

her

home

to

celebrate

her

birthday

for

the

new

rule.二、回答问题1.What

do

you

think

of

school

gardening?_____________________________I

think

it

is

very

interesting.2.What

is

your

gardening

experience?__________________________________I

once

planted

a

tree

in

my

yard.Passage

2【2021江西阅读C】【读前预先练】1.talents

n._____________才能；天赋2.human

society___________人类社会3.specially

trained

dogs___________________经过特殊训练的狗4.let...in_____________让……进入5.cheer

n._____________高兴；快乐6.calm

adj._________冷静的7.at

peace_______平静8.stay

n._______逗留9.program

n._______项目10.powerful

nose_____________________嗅觉功能强大的鼻子11.ability

n._______能力12.luggage

n._______行李13.mail

n._______邮件14.advantages

n._______优点15.disappeared

v._______消失

Today,

by

carefully

choosing

dog

parents,

humans

have

created

many

different

kinds

of

dogs.

Each

kind

has

its

own

look

and

talents,

and

its

own

role

within

human

society.

Here

are

three

examples

of

“a

dog’s

life”

in

the

human

world.

Today,

many

hospitals

let

specially

trained

dogs

in

to

bring

love

and

cheer

to

patients.

Shaynee

is

a

therapy（治疗）dog.

She

visits

children

who

are

in

hospital.

Dogs

like

Shaynee

help

patients

feel

calm

and

at

peace,

which

can

be

hard

in

a

busy

hospital.

They

help

both

children

and

adults

stay

strong

during

long

hospital

stays,

and,

some

suggest,

even

help

them

get

better.

Today,

some

beagles（小猎犬）work

in

airports

for

the

government.

They

are

part

of

the

program

called

the

Beagle

Brigade.

A

beagle

is

good

for

the

work

because

of

its

powerful

nose,

and

ability

to

follow

smells.

The

Beagle

Brigade’s

job

is

to

smell

everything

that

comes

into

the

country.

They

make

officers

notice

illegal（非法的）fruits,

vegetables,

and

other

foods

in

luggage

or

in

mail.

The

beagles

do

the

job

far

better

than

any

human

could.

While

some

dogs

are

working

hard,

others

are

free

to

spend

their

days

resting

and

playing.

Across

the

world,

many

pet

dogs

are

treated

like

children.

Many

have

their

own

rooms

and

all

the

things

a

dog

could

want.

Some

even

have

their

own

clothes.

Many

of

these

pets

spend

their

days

playing,

learning

to

follow,

or

even

going

to

classes.

Their

owners

give

them

the

best,

and

enjoy

doing

so.

Whether

as

workers

or

objects

of

affection（钟情）,

dogs

have

become

helpful

to

humans

in

many

ways.

There

are

plenty

of

advantages

for

the

dog,

too.

Many

kinds

of

wild

dogs

have

nearly

disappeared

from

Earth.

However,

the

domestic

dog’s

special

place

as

“man’s

best

friend”

has

allowed

it

to

survive（存活）in

a

human

world.(

)1.What

is

the

main

idea

of

Paragraph

2?A.

Hospitals

need

many

special

dogs.

B.

Dogs

can

take

care

of

patients.C.

Patients

need

love

in

the

hospital.

D.

Doctors

are

too

busy

to

see

patients.B(

)2.What

does

the

underlined

word

“domestic”

in

Paragraph

5

mean?A.

Trained.

B.

Smart.

C.

Hungry.

D.

Valuable.A(

)3.What’s

the

purpose

of

the

passage?A.

To

ask

people

to

treat

dogs

as

their

own

children.B.

To

explain

why

humans

need

beagles

in

their

work.C.

To

tell

people

about

the

history

of

dogs’

development.D.

To

show

a

good

relationship

between

dogs

and

humans.D(

)4.Which

of

the

following

best

shows

the

structure

of

the

passage?A.B.C.D.

C【I

can

express】一、句子仿写1.Today,

by

carefully

choosing

dog

parents,

humans

have

created

many

different

kinds

of

dogs.___________________________________________________________________________________________________By

reading

English

aloud

for

at

least

30

minutes

every

day,

Li

Li’s

spoken

English

has

improved

a

lot.2.A

beagle

is

good

for

the

work

because

of

its

powerful

nose,

and

ability

to

follow

smells._____________________________________________________________________________________Planting

more

trees

is

good

for

our

city

because

they

can

make

our

city

more

beautiful.3.While

some

dogs

are

working

hard,

others

are

free

to

spend

their

days

resting

and

playing.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________While

many

children

in

the

city

are

enjoying

their

free

time,

those

children

in

the

countryside

have

to

work

in

the

field.二、回答问题1.Do

you

like

dogs?

Why

or

why

not?______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yes,

I

like

dogs

very

much.

I

love

them

because

they

are

very

funny

and

they

seem

to

have

the

ability

to

understand

me.No,

I

don’t

like

dogs

because

they

always

make

me

scared.2.What

animal

would

you

like

to

have

as

a

pet?____________________________________________I

want

to

have

a

dog/a

cat/a

bird/...as

a

pet.Passage

3【读前预先练】1.found

v._______→_______（原形）发现find2.the

number

of..._____________……的数量3.more

than_______超过4.doubled

v._______加倍5.be

based

on_______基于6.offer

sth.

to

sb._________________为某人提供某物7.guidance

n._______→________（v.）

指导指导guidespend…on

sth.9.________________花费……在某事/物上呼吸10.breathe

v._______→_________（n.）

呼吸breath表明；建议11.suggest

v._____________→____________（n.）

建议suggestion持续的12.continuing

adj._________远离13.move

away

from_______pressure14.__________（n.）

压力反思；重新思考15.rethink

v._________________影响16.effect

n._______8.on

average_______平均

A

new

study

has

found

that

the

number

of

young

Americans

who

watch

online

videos

each

day

has

more

than

doubled

in

the

past

four

years.

The

findings

were

based

on

a

survey

of

about

1,700

young

people

aged

8

to

18.

The

group

researches

youth

technology

activity

and

offers

guidance

to

parents.

The

survey

found

that

all

screen

time

for

young

Americans

did

not

change

much

over

the

past

four

years.

On

average,

preteens

spent

just

under

five

hours

of

screen

time

on

devices（phones

or

computers,

etc.）

each

day.

Teens

had

about

seven

and

a

half

hours

of

screen

time.

The

numbers

did

not

include

time

young

people

spent

on

their

devices

doing

homework,

reading

books

or

listening

to

music.

Common

Sence

Media’s

director

of

research,

Michale

Robb,

told

the

Associated

Press

that

such

screen

time

among

American

youth

“really

is

the

air

they

breathe”.

The

findings

suggest

a

continuing

change

by

young

people

to

move

away

from

traditional

television

to

watch

online

videos.

YouTube,

which

is

owned

by

Google,

was

the

number

one

choice

of

youth

for

online

videos,

even

among

the

preteens

surveyed.

Robb

said

the

common

use

of

YouTube

by

young

people

“puts

a

lot

of

pressure”

on

parents

to

find

ways

to

limit

what

their

children

see.

In

answer

to

the

survey,

YouTube

said

the

company

is

rethinking

the

way

to

solve

the

problem.

But

experts

say

it

is

easy

for

many

children

to

get

the

videos

they

want

to

watch,

whether

on

YouTube

or

another

service.

Sarah

Domoff

is

a

professor

at

Central

Michigan

University

who

studies

the

effects

of

technology

on

youth

and

families.

She

told

the

AP

that

parents

often

do

not

have

the

time

or

skills

to

limit

what

their

children

are

watching

effectively.

Domoff

said

she

thought

many

parents

could

do

more

to

try

to

track（追踪）

the

screen

time

of

their

children.

She

added,

however,

that

tools

aimed

at

limiting

usage

on

services,

such

as

YouTube,

could

be

greatly

improved.

“It’s

really

hard

to

block

out

certain

things

unless

you’re

really

standing

over（监视）

your

child,”

Domoff

said.(

)1.What

can

we

learn

from

Paragraph

3?A.

Time

that

preteens

spent

on

all

screens

now

is

less

than

teens’.B.

Young

Americans

spent

less

time

on

screens

in

the

past

four

years.C.

Fewer

young

Americans

watch

online

videos

now.D.

Young

people

spent

more

time

on

homework

and

books

than

online

videos

in

the

past

four

years.A(

)2.What

puts

a

lot

of

pressure

on

parents

according

to

Robb’s

words?A.

Many

more

young

people

use

YouTube.B.

YouTube

is

too

difficult

for

the

old

to

log

in.C.

YouTube

is

much

easier

for

young

people

to

log

in.D.

Young

Americans

think

YouTube

is

ordinary

enough.A(

)3.What

will

probably

happen

after

YouTube’s

answer

to

the

survey?A.

It’s

impossible

for

kids

to

watch

videos

online

freely.B.

No

change

will

happen

after

YouTube

improves

the

way.C.

YouTube

will

cooperate

with

other

companies

in

service.D.

YouTube

will

be

able

to

improve

the

way

as

parents

would

like.D【I

can

think】完成思维导图【I

can

express】一、句子翻译1.On

average,

preteens

spent

just

under

five

hours

of

screen

time

on

devices（phones

or

computers,

etc.）

each

day.__________________________________________________________________________平均而言，青春期前的孩子每天在设备（电话或电脑等）上花费的时间不到5个小时。2.It’s

really

hard

to

block

out

certain

things

unless

you’re

really

standing

over（监视）

your

child._________________________________________________________除非你真的去监视你的孩子，否则很难把某些事情排除在外。二、句子仿写1.A

new

study

has

found

that

the

number

of

young

Americans

who

watch

online

videos

each

day

has

more

than

doubled

in

the

past

four

years.______________________________________________________________________________________________________A

new

study

has

found

that

the

number

of

families

that

have

cars

is

increasing

quickly

these

years.2.But

experts

say

it

is

easy

for

many

children

to

get

the

videos

they

want

to

watch,

whether

on

YouTube

or

another

service.___________________________________________________________________It

is

necessary

for

students

to

do

eye

exercises

after

continuing

study.Passage

4【读前预先练】1.participation

n._______→____________（v.）

参加→_____________（n.）

参加者短语：_______________参与；参加参加participateparticipantparticipate

in2.trophies

n._______奖杯3.____________代替，而不是instead

of4.protect…

from...___________________保护……免于……5.positively

adv._________积极地6.discouraged

v._________使灰心7.would

rather

do

sth.

than

do

sth._________________________宁愿做某事而不愿做某事令人惊讶地；出乎意料地8.surprisingly

adv._________________________充满9.be

filled

with_______必需的10.required

adj._________→_________（v.）

需要require出勤；出席11.attendance

n._____________→_________（v.）

参加attend晋升12.promotion

n._______→__________（v.）

提升promote习惯于13.get

used

to_________把……变成……14.turn…

into…_________________15.congratulate

v.

祝贺→________________（n.）

祝贺congratulationtrophy

I

recently

watched

a

TV

program

Real

Sports

where

the

presenter

looked

into

the

culture

of

handing

out

participation（参与）trophies

to

children.

There’s

no

doubt

that

today’s

kids

live

in

a

world

of

scoreless

games

and

everyone

gets

a

trophy.

Sometimes

when

a

league

decides

toaward（奖励）just

the

winners

instead

of

all

participants,

the

parents

buy

their

own

trophies

for

the

whole

team!

However,

when

we

try

to

protect

children

from

losing

at

the

early

ages,

are

they

less

prepared

when

the

real

competition

kicks

in?

People

who

support

giving

trophies

say

they

want

to

make

each

child

feel

special,

but

how

does

this

make

them

feel

special?

Stanford

University

looked

at

this

recently

and

found

that

although

kids

react

positively

to

praise—they

enjoy

hearing

that

they’re

talented,

smart

and

so

on,

they

break

down

at

the

first

experience

of

difficulty.

Discouraged

by

their

failure,

they

say

they’d

rather

cheat

than

risk

failing

again.

There

are

also

endless

social-science

studies

showing

the

harmful

effects

of

easy

competition,

not

just

on

the

psyche（精神）but

more

surprisingly

on

achievement.

If

children

know

they

will

get

an

award

simply

by

showing

up,

what

is

the

reason

for

improvement?

Jean

Twenge,

writer

of

Generation

Me,

warns

that

when

living

rooms

are

filled

with

participation

trophies,

it’s

part

of

a

larger

cultural

message:

to

succeed,

you

just

have

to

show

up.

In

college,

those

who’ve

grown

up

receiving

these

endless

awards

do

the

required

work,

but

don’t

see

the

need

to

do

it

well.

In

the

office,

they

still

believe

that

attendance

is

all

it

takes

to

get

a

promotion.

When

I

was

a

child,

I

earned

my

fair

share

of

trophies

but

none

of

them

was

for

just

showing

up.

I

also

missed

out

on

even

more

and

had

to

watch

my

friends

collect

them

while

I

stood

by

and

clapped.

I

realized

that

in

life,

I’m

going

to

lose

more

often

than

I

win,

even

if

I’m

good

at

something,

and

I’ve

got

to

get

used

to

that

to

keep

going.

When

children

make

mistakes,

our

job

should

not

be

to

turn

those

losses

into

decorated（装饰性的）victories.

Instead,

our

job

is

to

help

kids

overcome

difficulties,

to

help

them

see

that

progress

over

time

is

more

important

than

a

certain

win

or

loss,

and

to

help

them

politely

congratulate

those

who

succeed

when

they

fail.

To

do

that,

we

need

to

refuse

all

the

meaningless

trophies.(

)1.Why

does

the

writer

mention

Stanford

University’s

study?A.

To

show

kids

should

be

awarded

for

their

special

talents.B.

To

show

necessary

protection

helps

kids

deal

with

failure.C.

To

show

parents

should

try

their

best

to

keep

kids

out

of

competition.D.

To

show

overpraise

is

likely

to

reduce

kids’

ability

to

face

difficulties.D(

)2.Which

of

the

following

statements

will

the

writer

probably

agree

with?A.

Attendance

is

the

key

to

making

progress.B.

Participation

is

more

important

than

victory.C.

Getting

awards

easily

stops

kids

from

working

hard.D.

Participation

trophies

give

kids

a

sense

of

achievement.C(

)3.What

has

the

writer

learned

from

his

childhood

experience?A.

It’s

difficult

to

accept

friends’

victories.B.

It’s

beneficial

to

learn

from

teammates.C.

It’s

important

to

face

winning

or

losing

properly.D.

It’s

necessary

to

be

excellent

at

something

to

succeed.C(

)4.Which

of

the

following

would

be

the

best

title

for

the

passage?A.

Participation

Trophies:

Do

They

Really

Matter?B.

Participation

Trophies:

Why

Are

They

Special?C.

Participation

Trophies:

How

Do

They

Help

Kids?D.

Participation

Trophies:

Who

Should

Award

Them?A【I

can

think】完成思维导图【I

can

express】回答问题1.What

can

we

know

from

Jean

Twenge’s

words?_________________________________________________________________________Getting

success

easily

will

make

children

less

willing

to

improve

themselves.2.What

should

parents

do

when

their

children

make

mistakes?______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________They

should

help

their

children

overcome

difficulties，see

that

progress

is

more

important

than

a

certain

win

or

loss

and

help

their

children

politely

congratulate

those

who

succeed

when

they

fail.Passage

5【读前预先练】1.immune

system___________免疫系统2.deadly

adj._________→_______（adj.）死亡的;去世的致命的dead3.break

out_______爆发4.by

now_____________到目前为止5.effective

adj._________→________n.影响；效果搭配：_____________________对……有影响/起作用有效的effecthave

an

effect

on...减弱；削弱8.weakened

v._____________→________（adj.）虚弱的；微弱的weak看起来像9.look

like___________被动的；消极的10.passive

adj._________________起着同样的作用11.play

the

same

role_________________与……做斗争12.fight

against..._______________以……为例13.take

sth.

as

an

example_____________被制成……14.be

made

into_____________被期待做某事15.be

expected

to

do

sth._______________6.protect

sb.

from

sth.___________________保护某人免于某事7.be

made

from_____________由……组成16.considered

v._____________→__________（原形）搭配：____________________考虑做某事___________________把某物当作/认为是……considerconsider

doing

sth.consider

sth.

as…认为；考虑

Most

viruses

can

be

found

and

killed

by

our

immune

system

as

soon

as

they

enter

our

bodies.

However,

some

viruses,

for

example,

the

coronavirus,

are

sneaky（鬼鬼祟祟的）.

They

are

difficult

to

recognize

and

find.

These

viruses

can

cause

deadly

diseases,

like

COVID-19.

Human-to-human

transmission（传播）

can

easily

occur,

and

the

pandemic（流行病）

will

therefore

break

out.

Vaccination（接种疫苗）

is

by

now

a

simple,

safe

and

effective

way

to

protect

us

from

the

diseases.

Vaccination

can

prepare

us

against

viruses.

Vaccines

are

something

that

“looks”

exactly

the

same

as

the

viruses,

mainly

made

from

the

viruses

that

are

weakened

or

killed.

They

will

not

make

us

really

ill.

They

only

stimulate（刺激）

and

activate（激活）

our

immune

system

to

work,

telling

it

something

harmful

is

coming

in.

The

immune

system

will

know

what

the

“viruses”

look

like,

and

send

B

cells（lymphocytes）

or

antibodies（抗体）

to

find

and

kill

them.

Meanwhile,

B

cells

will

remember

them

for

the

next

kill.

A

vaccine

may

also

give

us

passive

immunity

by

providing

B

cells

taken

from

an

animal

or

a

human

to

play

the

same

role.

Scientists

have

developed

more

than

180

vaccines

to

fight

against

COVID-19.

The

technical

approaches（方式）

of

these

vaccines

can

be

a

little

different,

but

their

aims

are

the

same.

Take

the

inactivated

vaccine（灭活疫苗）

as

an

example.

In

an

inactivated

vaccine,

the

coronaviruses

are

already

killed

or

made

into

the

ones

unable

to

produce

more

new

viruses.

When

the

immune

system

“sees”

them,

it

will

try

to

kill

them.

The

question

is:

without

enough

viruses,

how

can

B

cells

remember

them?

That’s

why

we

need

to

take

the

vaccine

more

than

one

time.

Though

this

vaccine

is

safe,

it

might

not

be

as

effective

as

it

is

expected

to

be.

The

live-attenuated

vaccine（减毒活疫苗）

is

different.

In

this

vaccine,

the

viruses

are

weakened,

but

they

are

alive.

They

can

produce

enough

new

viruses

to

train

the

immune

system

to

kill

and

remember

them,

so

people

only

need

to

take

the

vaccine

once.

The

live-attenuated

vaccine

is

considered

the

most

effective,

but

there

is

a

worry:

what

might

happen

once

these

viruses

wake

up?

Therefore,

although

vaccination

is

by

now

one

of

the

best

ways

to

protect

us

from

COVID-19,

it

can

be

better.(

)1.The

coronavirus

can

.A.

not

be

killed

B.

not

be

foundC.

cause

deaths

D.

stop

the

pandemicC(

)2.Compared

to

the

inactivated

vaccine,

the

live-attenuated

vaccine

.A.

needs

taking

more

than

once

B.

is

equally

safeC.

contains

viruses

that

are

killed

D.

is

more

effectiveD(

)3.What

can

we

learn

from

the

passage?A.

Vaccination

is

good

enough

to

treat

COVID-19.B.

The

immune

system

can

be

more

effective

with

vaccines.C.

The

viruses

in

inactivated

vaccines

can

make

new

viruses.D.

180

vaccines

have

been

developed

to

fight

against

diseases.B【I

can

express】一、句子翻译1.Vaccines

are

something

that

“looks”

exactly

the

same

as

the

viruses,

mainly

made

from

the

viruses

that

are

weakened

or

killed._________________________________________________________________________疫苗是一种“看起来”与病毒完全相同的东西，主要由被削弱或杀死的病毒制成。2.Scientists

have

developed

more

than

180

vaccines

to

fight

against

COVID-19.________________________________________________科学家们已经研发了180多种疫苗来对抗新冠肺炎。二、句子仿写1.That’s

why

we

need

to

take

the

vaccine

more

than

one

time._________________________________________________________That’s

why

Maria

can

get

a

good

grade

in

the

maths

test.2.Therefore,

although

vaccination

is

by

now

one

of

the

best

ways

to

protect

us

from

COVID-19,

it

can

be

better.______________________________________________________________________________Although

Quan

Hongchan

is

only

14

years

old，she

has

become

a

national

hero.Passage

6【读前预先练】1.find

out_____________发现，查明2.drop

from_____________从……跌落3.work

out_______________想