适用于新高考新教材备战2025届高考英语一轮总复习Unit3SportsandFitness新人教版必修第一册

UNIT3SPORTSANDFITNESSⅠ.阅读理解AIfreducingstresshasbeenonyoursummer-to-dolist,there’sonepowerfulthingyoucanstilldobeforetheseasonends:getinthehabitoftakingawalkoutsidewithafriend.Aquickwalkinnaturewithafriendcombinesthreeofthemosteffectivestress-reducingandresilience(复原力)buildingtechniques:physicalexercise,spendingtimeinnatureandsocialconnection.Theactivityworksbyhelpingnormalizethehormonalchangesthatresultfromlongtimestressandenhancingtheemotionalresourcesthathelpuscope.Walkingquicklyactivates(激活)thebody’sstressresponse.Andwhenthewalkisover,thestresssystemcomesbackdowntothebaseline.Regularexercisehelpsyourstressresponsebecomemoreefficient,saysJenniferHeisz,associateprofessoratMcMasterUniversity.Aslittleas10minutesofsittingorwalkinginnaturecandecreaseaperson’sheartrate,bloodpressureandcortisollevels,aswellasself-reportedstresslevels.Onepossibleexplanation,theresearcherssay,isthatspendingtimeinnaturelowerstheactivityofoursympatheticnervoussystem,whichregulatesstresshormones,andtapsintotheparasympathetic(副交感)nervoussystem,whichpromotesourcalmandrelaxationresponses.Takingthathikewithalovedonecanfurtherreducestressbyaddingtheimportantelementofsocialconnection.Talkingwithtrustedfriendshelpspeopleprocessstressfuleventsandliftsself-esteem.Socialsupporthaspositiveeffectsonthebrainandbody,scientificresearchfinds.Earlierthisyear,CassieMorenowasinarutofstressandanxiety.Shewasstartinganewjob,strugglingtomakenewfriendsduringthepandemic,andgoingthroughabreakup.StrollingalongtheHudsonRiverwithotherwomen,the26-year-oldMainenativesaysshefeltanimmediatesurgeofconfidenceandcalm.“Lookatthewater!LookattheStatueofLiberty!Howdidwegetthislucky?”shesays.1.Whatisthepurposeofparagraph2?A.Toexplainarule.B.Toclarifyanargument.C.Topresentafact.D.Tointroduceatopic.2.Whatisanadvantageofspendingtimeinnature?A.Reducingbloodpressure.B.Liftingself-esteem.C.Raisingstresshormones.D.Activatingthenervoussystem.3.WhatdoesCassieMoreno’sremarkinthelastparagraphindicate?A.Shewasrefreshedwithconfidence.B.Shewasinastateofstressandanxiety.C.Shewasstrugglingthroughahardtime.D.Shewasamazedbythefantasticscenery.4.Howisthepassagedeveloped?A.Bygivingexplanations.B.Bymakingcomparisons.C.Bylistingexamples.D.Byprovingassumptions.BThePAL-VLibertyisarevolutionaryvehiclethatcantravelonbothlandandair.Itistheworld’sfirstcommercialflyingcar,anditisnowavailableforpre-order.ThePAL-VLibertyisdevelopedbyaDutchcompanycalledPAL-VInternationalB.V.,whichstandsforPersonalAirandLandVehicle.Thecompanyhasbeenworkingontheprojectsince2001,andhassuccessfullytestedtheprototypein2012.ThePAL-VLibertyisatwo-seaterhybridcarandgyroplane,whichmeansithasathree-wheeledchassisandafoldablerotorontop.Itcanswitchbetweendrivingmodeandflyingmodeinabout10minutes,withthehelpofasemi-automaticsystem.Ithasatopspeedof160km/hontheroadand180km/hintheair,andcanflyupto500kmonasingletankoffuel.Itusesregulargasoline,andcanberefueledatanygasstation.ThePAL-VLibertyisexpectedtobedeliveredtocustomersin2024,alterobtainingthenecessarycertificationsfromaviationauthorities.Thecompanyclaimsthatthevehiclemeetstheexistingregulationsofbothcarsandaircrafts,andthatitissafeandeasytooperate.However,thePAL-VLibertyisnotacheapvehicle,norisitaccessibletoeveryone.Itcosts599,000euros(about4.7millionyuan)forthePioneerEdition,whichincludesflighttrainingcourses,powerheatingandpersonalizationoptions.ThereisalsoacheaperSportEdition,whichcosts299,000euros(about2.3millionyuan),butithaslessfeaturesandrequiresthebuyertopayanadditional10,000euros(about78,000yuan)forflighttraining.TodrivethePAL-VLiberty,oneneedsbothadrivinglicenseandapilotlicense.Thevehiclealsorequiresarunwayorairstriptotakeoffandland,asitcannotdosoverticallylikeahelicopter.Thecompanysaysithasreceived70ordersforthevehiclesofar,mostlyfromcustomersinEuropeandNorthAmerica.ThePAL-VLibertyisagroundbreakinginnovationthatcouldchangethefutureoftransportation,butitalsofacesmanychallengesandlimitations.

5.What’sthelimitationofthePioneerEditionofthePAL-VLiberty?A.Lackofcustomizedselection.B.Failuretolandandtakeoffvertically.C.Extramoneytobepaidforflighttraining.D.Disagreementwiththeexistingtrafficrules.6.Whatcanweinferaboutfromthepassage?A.ThePAL-VLibertyhasbeenusedinourdailylife.B.Ifyouhaveapilotlicense,youcandrivethePAL-VLiberty.C.Itcanswitchbetweendrivingmodeandflyingmodeinashorttime.D.TheSportEditionhasmoreattractivefeaturesthanthePioneerEdition.7.What’stheauthor’sattitudetowardsthePAL-VLiberty?A.Favorable. B.Skeptical.C.Objective. D.Indifferent.8.Whatisthebesttitleforthearticle?A.TheDutchInnovationB.TheFutureofTransportationC.TheHybridCarandtheGyroplaneD.TheWorld’sFirstCommercialFlyingCarⅡ.完形填空Ihavegrownupinafootball-lovingfamily.MyeldersisterStevie1withCreweAlexandraGirlsforayearortwoasaleftbackjustlikeourheroJamieCarragher.

IremembertheexactmomentwhenItoldmydadIwas2indoingwhatmybigsisterdid.Iwaswatchingthegamewithhiminthelivingroomanditjust3:“Itmakesme4thatIcan’tbeafootballer.”Heaskedwhynot,andIanswered,“BecauseI’mnotaboy.”

He5respondedbytellingmethatwomen’sfootballwas“great”andthatIcouldplayifIwantedto.“Yeah,Isupposeso,”Iresponded,“butnoone6women’sfootball.”Lookingback,IcanseeexactlywhyIfeltlikethat.

Atschool,therewasanunwrittenrulethatsportslikerugbyandfootballwereforthe7.I’dneverseenawomen’sfootballmatchonTVandtheonly8athletesI’dheardofwereintheOlympics.

Today,theEnglandLionesses(英格兰母狮队)will9ScotlandintheWorldCup,andpeopleacrosstheworldwilltunein.Althoughwomen’sfootballhas10tobeoneofFIFA’sinvestments,themajorityoffemaleplayersintoptiersareearningunderwhatanyonewouldconsiderafair11,andonly￡24millionprizemoneywasawardedtothewomen’sWorldCupvictorsin12with￡315milliontothemen’s.That’savast13.

Today,I’llbe14theLionessesandthesong“It’scominghome”willmeanmorethistimearound,becauseit’llmeantalented,skillfulfemalefootballersbeing15intomillionsofhomesandmaybe,justmaybe,alittlegirlbelievingthatshecanalsobeaLionessoneday.

1.A.talked B.trainedC.lived D.stood2.A.tough B.richC.interested D.concerned3.A.shoutedout B.broughtupC.cameout D.showedup4.A.sad B.surprisedC.scared D.satisfied5.A.eventually BpletelyC.immediately D.temporarily6.A.plays B.knowsC.likes D.watches7.A.students B.girlsC.teachers D.boys8.A.foreign B.femaleC.young D.top9.A.takeon B.putonC.pickup D.holdup10.A.turnedon B.turnedoutC.turnedover D.turneddown11.A.deal B.chargeC.share D.wage12.Aparison B.lineC.cooperation Dpetition13.A.change B.differenceC.choice D.disaster14.A.cheeringon B.agreeingonC.relyingon D.actingon15.A.delivered B.transportedC.broadcast D.permittedⅢ.读后续写阅读下面材料,依据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。Thefourmountainclimberswerestillbreathingheavilyastheylookedoutintothedistance.Theviewsfromthetopofthemountainwerebreathtaking.Inalldirections,valleys,forestsandothermountainswerelaidoutbeforethem.Theycouldevenseethesmallwoodenhousesofthevillagewheretheyhadspentthenightandtheroutetheyhadtakentoreachthetopofthissmallbutdangerousmountain.Laughingloudly,theyweresurprisedattheircourageinclimbingsuchasteepandrockymountainslope.Filledwithanenormoussenseofachievement,thefouryoungclimberspattedeachotherontheback.Astheotherthreecontinuedtoenjoytheviews,Jason,theleaderofthegroup,staredatthehorizonwithatroubledlookonhisface.“Whatisit,Jason?”Sofia,theyoungestofthegroup,asked.“Thosedarkcloudsinthedistancemeanaheavystormisfastontheway,”Jasonreplied.Herememberedthevillagershadwarnedhimoftheunpredictableweatherconditionsontopofthemountainandthataterriblestormcouldappearfromnowhere.“Butit’ssowarmandsunnyhere.Idon’tthinkthestormiscomingthisway,”Sofiasaid,moreinhopethanexpectation.However,Jasonfearedtheworstandknewonlytoowellwhatwouldhappenifthestormcaughtthemintheopen.Headdressedthegroupinacalmbutserioustone,“Ifthestormhitsus,thetemperaturewillfalldramatically.Therainandmistwillmakeitdifficultforustoseewherewearegoingandwecouldeasilygetlostorfalloffacliff.Thewindwilltakeourstrength,soweneedtogetmovingfast.”Thefourmountainclimberspackeduptheirfacilitiesandimmediatelystartedbackdownthemountain.Unfortunately,despitetheirbestefforts,thestormwasuponthemsoonerthanexpected.Thewindscreamedintheirears,thedrivingrainstung(刺痛)theireyesandthemistmadeitimpossibleforthemtoseeclearly.留意:1.续写词数应为150个左右;2.请按如下格式作答。Withitgettingdark,Jasondecidedthatitwasjusttoodangeroustocontinue.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Finally,thestormshowedsignsofstoppingandtheclimbersdecidedtocontinuetheirwaydownthemountain.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________答案：Ⅰ.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲解并描述了在大自然中快速行走有益于身心健康。1.B推理推断题。依据其次段的“Aquickwalkinnaturewithafriendcombinesthreeofthemosteffectivestress-reducingandresiliencebuildingtechniques:physicalexercise,spendingtimeinnatureandsocialconnection.”可知,此处是要回答上文的问题,可推断出,此处要阐释上文提出的观点。2.A微小环节理解题。依据第四段的“Aslittleas10minutesofsittingorwalkinginnaturecandecreaseaperson’sheartrate,bloodpressureandcortisollevels,aswellasself-reportedstresslevels.”可知,在大自然中能降低血压水平,故选A项。3.A推理推断题。依据倒数其次段的“StrollingalongtheHudsonRiverwithotherwomen,the26-year-oldMainenativesaysshefeltanimmediatesurgeofconfidenceandcalm.”可推断出,CassieMoreno感到信念十足,精神饱满。4.A推理推断题。依据文章第一段“Ifreducingstress...outsidewithafriend.”,其次段的“Aquickwalkinnature...andsocialconnection.”,第四段的“Aslittleas10minutes...aswellasself-reportedstresslevels.”以及倒数其次段的“StrollingalongtheHudsonRiverwithotherwomen,the26-year-oldMainenativesaysshefeltanimmediatesurgeofconfidenceandcalm.”可知,本文在开头提出概念,后续段落对这一概念进行说明,运用了说明概念的方式,故选A项。【语篇解读】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了PAL-VLiberty是一种革命性的交通工具,可以在陆地和空中行驶,这是世界上第一辆商用飞行汽车,目前已可预订。5.B微小环节理解题。依据最终一段中“TodrivethePAL-VLiberty,oneneedsbothadrivinglicenseandapilotlicense.Thevehiclealsorequiresarunwayorairstriptotakeoffandland,asitcannotdosoverticallylikeahelicopter.”可知,先锋版的PAL-VLiberty的限制是不能垂直着陆和起飞。6.C推理推断题。依据其次段中“Itcanswitchbetweendrivingmodeandflyingmodeinabout10minutes,withthehelpofasemi-automaticsystem.”可知,PAL-VLiberty可以在短时间内在驾驶和飞行模式之间切换。7.C推理推断题。依据其次段中“Itcanswitchbetweendrivingmodeandflyingmodeinabout10minutes,...canberefueledatanygasstation.”以及第三段中“However,thePAL-VLibertyisnotacheapvehicle,norisit...forflighttraining.”可知,作者只是客观地描述了PAL-VLiberty的有关数据,包括它的时速以及价格。8.D主旨大意题。依据第一段中“ThePAL-VLibertyisarevolutionaryvehiclethatcantravelon...whichstandsforPersonalAirandLandVehicle.”以及后文可知,本文主要介绍了PAL-VLiberty的性能和价格,所以D项“TheWorld’sFirstCommercialFlyingCar(世界上第一辆商用飞行汽车)”是本文最好的标题。Ⅱ.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。“我”从小酷爱足球,但是因为女性在足球竞赛中遭受的不公允待遇而感到气馁。如今英格兰母狮队将在世界杯上迎战苏格兰队,全世界的人们都将收看竞赛,这让“我”感到激扬,也坚决了想要从事足球运动的决心。1.B依据“withCreweAlexandraGirlsforayearortwoasaleftback”可知,此处是指在克鲁亚历山德拉女孩队作为左后卫训练了一两年。故选B项。2.C依据下文“bytellingmethatwomen’sfootballwas‘great’andthatIcouldplayifIwantedto”可知,此处是指“我”对姐姐做的事情感爱好。故选C项。3.C依据“ItmakesmethatIcan’tbeafootballer.”可知,此处是指“我”表态。故选C项。

4.A依据上文“Iwasindoingwhatmybigsisterdid”可知,此处是指不能成为一名足球运动员让“我”很难受。故选A项。

5.C依据“bytellingmethatwomen’sfootballwas‘great’andthatIcouldplayifIwantedto”可知,此处是指他立即回应。故选C项。6.D依据下文“I’dneverseenawomen’sfootballmatchonTV”可知,此处是指“我”觉得没人看女足。故选D项。7.D依据下文“I’dneverseenawomen’sfootballmatchonTV(我从来没有在电视上看过女子足球竞赛)”可知,此处是指橄榄球和足球等运动是男孩的事。8.B依据“I’dneverseenawomen’sfootballmatchonTV”可知,此处是指听说过的唯一的女运动员。9.A依据“ScotlandintheWorldCup”可知,此处是指英格兰母狮队将在世界杯上迎战苏格兰队。故选A项。10.B依据“women’sfootballhastobeoneofFIFA’sinvestments”可知,turnedout符合句意。故选B项。

11.D依据“andonly￡24millionprizemoneywasawarded