2024年高考英语试卷（浙江）（1月）（解析卷）

2024年1月普通高等学校招生全国统一考试

英语

注意事项:

1.答卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。

2.回答选择题时,选出每小题答案后,用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改

动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时,将答案写在答题卡上,写在本

试卷上无效。

3.考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分听力（共两节,满分30分）

做题时,先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后,你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到

答题卡上。

第一节（共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分）

听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选

项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读

下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。

1.Whatdoesthemando?

A.Acomputertechnician.B.Ahotelreceptionist.C.Ashopassistant.

2.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?

A.Atthegrocer's.B.Atthetailor's.C.Atthecleaner's.

3.HowdidthespeakerscometoSeattle?

A.Byplane.B.Bycar.C.Bytrain.

4.Whatwillthespeakershavefordinnertoday?

A.Friedrice.B.Noodles.C.Steak.

5.HowisSophiefeelingnow?

A.Confused.B.Worried.C.Tired.

第二节（共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分）

听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中

选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每

小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。

6.Whatdoesthemanwanttodobeforenoon?

A.Postaletter.B.Makeacard.C.Writeanemail.

7.Whosebirthdayisit?

A.Richard's.B.Sarah's.C.Vera’s.

听第7段材料,回答第8、9题。

8.WhatcoursedoesProfessorBrooksteach?

A.PublicSpeaking.B.EuropeanHistory.C.EnglishLiterature.

第1页/共26页

9.WhydoesVickycometotalkwithProfessorBrooks?

A.Tosignupforhiscourse.

B.Toaskforamake-uptest.

C.Todiscussherhomework.

听第8段材料,回答第10至13题。

10.WhatdoesLindadoforplaysandshows?

A.Shegivesactorsadvice.

B.Sheassignsrolestoactors.

C.Shedesignsactors'clothes.

11.WhatdoesLindaneedtoresearch?

A.Thesettingofthestory.

B.Thedecorationofthestage.

C.Thenamesofthecharacters.

12.WhodoesLindareportherworkto?

A.Thedirector.B.Theeditor.C.Thephotographer.

13.WhatdoesLindasayaboutherjob?

A.Itpaysverywell.

B.Itrequiresteameffort.

C.Itinvolvesfrequenttravel.

听第9段材料,回答第14至17题.

14.WhatdoesKevinthinkofabstractart?

A.Ithaslastingartisticvalue.

B.Itmakeslittlesensetohim.

C.Itappealsmainlytochildren.

15.Whatimpressiondidthefirstpaintinggivethewoman?

A.Hopefulness.B.Nervousness.C.Coldness.

16.Whatcolorwasusedforthebackgroundinthesecondpainting?

A.Green.B.Purple.C.Red.

17.WhatwillKevinprobablydothisSaturday?

A.Attendanartclass.

B.Visitanexhibition.

C.Buyanabstractpainting.

听第10段材料,回答第18至20题。

18.WhatcausedtheclosureofPittwaterRoad?

A.Afallentree.B.Afloodedriver.C.Acaraccident.

19.WhathappenedatTownHallStation?

A.Apoliceofficergothurt.

B.Apassengerwentmissing.

第2页/共26页

C.Thestationroofwasbroken.

20.Whatareroadusersadvisedtodo?

A.Driveatlowspeed.B.Postponetheirtrips.C.Followtrafficsigns.

参考答案：

1-5:ACACB6-10:ACBBC11-15:AABBC16-20:ABCCB

录音原文

Text1

M:ITDepartment.HowcanIassistyou?

W:Mycomputerisgivingmealotoftrouble.Couldyouhelpmewithit,please?

M:OK,Ijustneedtocheckonacoupleofthings.

Text2

W:Hi,I'dliketohavethisblousewashedandpressed.

M:OK,butI'mafraidyouwon'tbeabletocollectituntilnextFriday.We'vebeenverybusyrecently.

Text3

W:Whatajourney!Airtravelismoretiringthandriving,I'msure.

M:Idon'tthinkyousaythat,ifyou'vejustdriven400miles.Let'scometoSeattlebytrainnexttime.It'llbemore

relaxing.

Text4

M:CouldIhavefriedriceornoodlesfordinnerforachange?Idon'tfeellikesteaktoday.

W:I'minahurry.Ican'tcooktwodifferentmealstoday.Tomorrowyoucanhavewhatyouwant.

M:Alright.

Text5

M:Allwell,Sophie?

第3页/共26页

W:Hmm.Notgreat.I'mjustsodownwithwritingthisreport.

M:Areyoualmostdonewithit?

W:Farfromit.AndI'llgetitrepresentedinclasstomorrow.

Text6

W:Richard,whyareyoutakingeverythingoutofyourdrawer?

M:I'mlookingforastamp,Sarah.

W:Astamp?Whatdoyouwantastampfor?

M:I'vewrittenalettertoAuntVera.AndIwanttoputitinthepostbeforemidday.

W:Canyoujustemailher?

M:Yeah.Butit'sher70thbirthday.Verawillbehappytogetarealletterwitharealbirthdaycard.

Text7

W:ProfessorBrooks,I'mVickyComoreinyourEuropeanHistoryclass.CanIspeakwithyouforafewminutes?

M:Sure.WhatcanIhelpyouwith?

W:Well,Iwassickfortwoweeks.SoIdidn'ttakethemidtermexam.Couldyougivemeanothertest?

M:Alright.YoucantakeitnextThursdayafternoon.

W:Thankyousomuch,ProfessorBrooks.CouldIcometoyouat3:30aftermyEnglishLiteratureclass?

M:Noproblem.

Text8

M:Linda,youworkonplaysandshowsbutyouarenotonstage.Whatdoyoudo?

W:I'macostumedesigner.Ihavetheactorsbecometheircharacters.

M:Isitakindoflikeplayingdresser?

W:Alittlebit.ButIneedtostudytheplaytocreatethecharacters'clothes,notjustusemyimagination.

第4页/共26页

M:Howdoyoudothat?

W:Ireadtheplayanddoresearchaboutthetimeandplaceofthestory.Ifthestoryissetinthepast,Imightstudy

oldmagazinesorpaintings.Forplayssetinnow,Isometimescollectpicturesofpeopleonthestreet.

M:Thenwhatdoyoudo?

W:Itakemyideasandpicturestothedirectoroftheshow.WetalkaboutwhetherI'montherighttrack.Ifit’sgood,

wewillhireatailortomakethecostume.

M:Isitfinishedthen?

W:Almost.Westillneedtotryontheactortomakesureeverythingfitsandlooksgood.

M:Wow,ittakessomanystepstomakeacostume.

W:Yes,itdoes.Iworkwithlotsofdifferentpeopletoputitalltogether.

Text9

W:HiKevin.I'vejustgotbackfromtheArtGallery.There'sawonderfulshowofabstractart.Youshouldhavecome

withme.

M:Idon'tknow.Abstractartseemslikechildren'spaintingtome.

W:Well,ifyoudon'tunderstandwhattheartististryingtocommunicate,itcanseemalittlelikethat.

M:Whatdidyouseethen?

W:Thereweretwopaintingsthatimpressedmemost.ThefirstisahugeonewhichIsupposedthetreealthoughit

couldhavebeenanything.

M:Whatdidyoulikeaboutit?

W:Justthewaythetreelooked.Itwaslikethetreewasmadeofhardmetal,andthemixofwhiteandgraymade

everythinglooklikeitwaswinter,freezingwinter.

M:That'ssomething.Whatabouttheotherone?

W:Thesecondlookedlikeapieceofgrassland.Allthegrasswaspurpleandred,andtherewasgreenskyinthe

background.Ilookedatitandthoughtofsummer.

第5页/共26页

M:Hmm,yourdescriptionreallyteachesmesomethingaboutappreciatingabstractart.MaybeIshouldgoandgive

thisshowatrythisSaturday.

W:Youreallyshould.

Text10

M:Youarewatchingthemorningnews.ThisisStevenJohnson.SydneyandtheNewSouthWalescoasthavebeen

hitbyheavyrains.Majorroads,theairport,trainsandbuseswereallthrownbehindthescheduleasmorethana

month'sworthofrainfellinjustonehourduringthemorningrush.Alltrafficintocityremainsveryheavy.Pittwater

Roadisclosedduetoacarcrash.ConsiderusingWicksRoadinstead.Apoliceofficerhasbeenhurtassistingdrivers

inNorthRyde.Awomanisbelievedtohavebrokenherlegafteratreefellonhercar.TheroofofTownHallStation

hasfallenin,causingdelaysforpassengers.Therainisexpectedtobeatitsheaviestfrom9:00amuntil11:00am.

Todayatotalofupto200millimetersrainisbeingforecast,alongwithdamagingwindsofmorethan90kilometers

perhourtofall.Allroadusersareadvisedtoreconsidertheneedtobeonroadsinsuchwildweather,andreschedule

theirdayandcontinueontheirjourneyaftertherainstops.

第二部分阅读理解（共两节,满分50分）

第一节（共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分）

阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳答案。

A

TomSawyerPlayIsanAdventure

A35-minutehand-clapping,foot-stompingmusicalversionofaMarkTwainfavoritereturnswiththisTall

Stacksfestival.

“TomSawyer:ARiverAdventure”hasallthegoodstuff,includingthefencepainting,thegraveyard,theisland

andthecave.ItisadaptedbyJoeMcDonough,withmusicbyDavidKisor.That’sthelocalstagewritingteamthat

createsmanyoftheChildren’sTheatreofCincinnati’soriginalmusicals,alongwiththeholidayfamilymusicalsat

EnsembleTheatre.

ThisyearNathanTurnerofBurlingtonisTomSawyer,andRobbieMcMathofFortMitchellisHuckFinn.

Tumer,a10th-graderatSchoolforCreativeandPerformingArts,isafamiliarpresenceonCincinnati’sstages.

HeisastaractorofChildren’sTheatre,havingplayedleadingrolesin“TheLegendofSleepyHollow”and“The

WizardofOz,”andisfreshfromJerseyProduction“Ragtime”.

McMathisajunioratBeechwoodHighSchool.Hewasinthecastof“TomSawyer”whenitwasfirstperformed

andisaChildren’sTheatreregular,withfiveshowstohiscredit.ThissummerheattendedKentucky’sGovernor’s

SchoolfortheArtsinMusicalTheatre.

Notetoteachers:Children’sTheatrehasastudyguidedemonstratinghowmathandsciencecanbetaught

through“TomSawyer.”Fordownloadablelessons,visittheofficialwebsiteofChildren’sTheatre.

第6页/共26页

1.Whowrotethemusicfor“TomSawyer:ARiverAdventure”?

A.DavidKisor.B.JoeMcDonough.

C.NathanTurner.D.RobbieMcMath.

2.Whatcanwelearnaboutthetwoactors?

A.Theystudyinthesameschool.B.Theyworkedtogetherin”Ragtime“.

C.Theyareexperiencedonstage.D.Theybecamefriendstenyearsago.

3.WhatdoesChildren’sTheatreprovideforteachers?

A.Researchfunding.B.Trainingopportunities.

C.Technicalsupport.D.Educationalresources.

【答案】1.A2.C3.D

【解析】

【导语】本文是一篇应用文，文章主要介绍由马克·吐温的作品所改编的音乐剧《汤姆·索亚：河上历险

记》。

【1题详解】

细节理解题。根据第二段中的“ItisadaptedbyJoeMcDonough,withmusicbyDavidKisor.(本剧由乔·麦克

多诺改编，大卫·基索作曲。)”可知，本剧是由大卫·基索作曲的。故选A项。

【2题详解】

细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Tumer,a10th-graderatSchoolforCreativeandPerformingArts,isafamiliar

presenceonCincinnati’sstages.HeisastaractorofChildren’sTheatre,havingplayedleadingrolesin“The

LegendofSleepyHollow”and“TheWizardofOz,”andisfreshfromJerseyProduction“Ragtime”.(Tumer是一

名创意与表演艺术学校的10年级学生，是辛辛那提舞台上的常客。他是儿童剧院的明星演员，曾在《断

头谷的传说》和《绿野仙踪》中担任主角，也是新泽西制作公司‘Ragtime’的新成员。)”可知，Tumer

是辛辛那提舞台上的常客，儿童剧院的明星演员，曾在《断头谷的传说》和《绿野仙踪》中担任主角；根

据第五段中的“McMathisajunioratBeechwoodHighSchool.Hewasinthecastof“TomSewyer”whenitwas

firstperformedandisaChildren’sTheatreregular,withfiveshowstohiscredit.(McMath是比奇伍德高中的三年

级学生。他是《汤姆·休厄》首演时的演员，也是儿童剧院的常客，演出了五场。)”可知，McMath也是

儿童剧院的常客；综合以上信息可知，这两位演员在舞台上经验丰富。故选C项。

【3题详解】

细节理解题。根据尾段中的“Notetoteachers:Children’sTheatrehasastudyguidedemonstratinghowmath

andsciencecanbetaughtthrough“TomSawyer.”Fordownloadablelessons,visittheofficialwebsiteof

Children’sTheatre.(给老师们的提示：儿童剧院有一份学习指南，展示了如何通过《汤姆·索亚》教授数学

第7页/共26页

和科学。如欲下载课程，请访问儿童剧院官方网站。)”可知，儿童剧院为教师提供了一份学习指南，展示

如何通过《汤姆·索亚》教授数学和科学，可通过儿童剧院的网站下载课程；由此可知，儿童剧院为教师

提供了教育资源。故选D项。

B

Whenwasthelasttimeyouusedatelephonebox?Imeantomakeanactualphonecall—nottoshelterfrom

therain.Agesagoright?ThelasttimeIusedaphoneboxforitsintendedpurposewas…2006.Iwasconducting

,

auditions(试演)formyplayinmytinyoldsharedhouseinLondon.Hopingtoimpresssometalentedactorstocome

andworkformefornothing,Ispreadsomethrowsoverthesofasandlitcandlestomakeitseemabitmore”young

professional”.

AsIrushedoutdoorstoemptythewastepaperbaskets,thedoorswungshutbehindme.SuddenlyIwaslocked

outside.Mymobilephonewasinside,butluckilytherewasatelephoneboxacrossthestreet.So,IcalledDirectory

Assistance,gotputthroughtoourlandlady’smanagingagent,andhadasparekeysenttomewithjustenoughtime

togetbackinbeforetheactorsarrived.

AsithasbeenmanyyearssinceIlastusedone,Ishouldhardlybesurprisedthatthenarenolongeranypublic

telephonesnearmyhouse.Thelastonestandinghasjustbeenturnintoa“minicommunitylibrary”:anypasser-by

can“borrow”abookfromitsshelvesreturnitlater,orreplaceitwithanothertitlefromtheirowncollection.

Forafewmonthsafterthe“library”opened,Ididn’tbothertakingalook,asIhadassumedthatitwouldbe

stuffedfullofcheeselovestories.ThenInoticedforkconductingspringcleansdroppingboxesofvoluminousbooks

onvarioussubjectsthere.Andthesebookswerefree.Thisunbeatableprice-pointencouragedmetoexperimentwith

dozensoftitlesthatIwouldnevernormallyconsiderbuying.AndI’vediscoveredsomegreatbooks!

IfIevergettrappedoutsidemyhouseagain,mylocaltelephoneboxwill,sadlynolongerbeabletoconnectme

withmykeys.ButitcancertainlykeepmeentertainedwhileIwaitformywifetorescueme.

4.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”inthefirstparagraphreferto?

A.Theplay.B.Thesharedhouse.

C.Thesofa.D.Thetelephonebox.

5.Whydidtheauthorusethetelephoneboxin2006?

A.Toplaceanurgentcall.B.Toputupanotice.

C.Toshelterfromtherain.D.Toholdanaudition.

6.Whatdoweknowaboutthe“minicommunitylibrary”?

A.Itprovidesphoneserviceforfree.B.Anyonecancontributetoitscollection.

C.Itispopularamongyoungreaders.D.Booksmustbereturnedwithinamonth.

第8页/共26页

7.Whydidtheauthorstarttousethe“library”?

A.Hewantedtoborrowsomelovestories.

B.Hewasencouragedbyacloseneighbour.

C.Hefoundtherewereexcellentfreebooks.

D.Hethoughtitwasanidealplaceforreading.

【答案】4.B5.A6.B7.C

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇记叙文。随着手机的普及，电话亭渐渐地被人们遗忘，作者家附近的最后一个电话亭被

改造成了“迷你图书馆”，作者偶然发现那里有很多不错的免费书籍，这让作者觉得很棒。

【4题详解】

词句猜测题。根据第一段第五句“Iwasconductingauditions(试演)formyplayinmytinyoldsharedhousein

London.(我当时在伦敦我那狭小的合租房子里为我的剧本进行试演。)”可知，此处是指使“我”的合租房

看起来更“年轻专业”一点，所以it代指“合租房”。故选B。

【5题详解】

细节理解题。根据第二段第四句“So,IcalledDirectoryAssistance,gotputthroughtoourlandlady’smanaging

agent,andhadasparekeysenttomewithjustenoughtimetogetbackinbeforetheactorsarrived.(所以，我打电

话给电话查号台，接通了女房东的经纪人，他们给了我一把备用钥匙，刚好来得及在演员们到来之前回

去。)”可知，作者在2006年使用电话亭是为了拨打紧急电话。故选A。

【6题详解】

细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“Thelastonestandinghasjustbeenturnintoa“minicommunitylibrary”:any

passer-bycan“borrow”abookfromitsshelvesreturnitlater,orreplaceitwithanothertitlefromtheirown

collection.(最后一个被改造成了一个“迷你社区图书馆”：任何路过的人都可以从它的书架上“借”书，

以后还回来，或者用自己收藏的另一本书来替换。)”可知，任何人都可以为“迷你社区图书馆”的捐赠图

书。故选B。

【7题详解】

细节理解题。根据第四段最后四句“ThenInoticedforkconductingspringcleansdroppingboxesof

voluminousbooksonvarioussubjectsthere.Andthesebookswerefree.Thisunbeatableprice-pointencouraged

metoexperimentwithdozensoftitlesthatIwouldnevernormallyconsiderbuying.AndI’vediscoveredsome

greatbooks!(然后我注意到福克正在进行春季大扫除，把各种主题的大书一箱箱地扔到那里。而且这些书是

免费的。这个无与伦比的价格点鼓励我尝试许多我通常不会考虑购买的标题。我还发现了一些很棒的

书！)”可知，作者发现“迷你图书馆”里有很多免费的很棒的书，所以开始使用。故选C。

第9页/共26页

C

OnSeptember7,1991,thecostliesthailstorm(雹暴)inCanadianhistoryhitCalgary’ssouthernsuburbs.Asa

result,since1996agroupofinsurancecompanieshavespentabout$2millionperyearontheAlbertaHail

SuppressionProject.Airplanesseedthreateningstormcellswithachemicaltomakesmallicecrystalsfallasrain

beforetheycangrowintodangeroushailstones.Butfarmersineast-centralAlberta—downwindofthehailproject

flights—worrythatpreciousmoisture(水分)isbeingstolenfromtheirthirstylandbythecloudseeding.

NormanStienwand,whofarmsinthatarea,hasbeenaddressingpublicmeetingsonthisissueforyears

“Basically,theprovincialgovernmentislettingtheinsurancecompaniesprotecttheCalgary-Edmontonurbanarea

fromhail,”Mr.Stienwandsays,“butthey’reincreasingdroughtriskasfareastasSaskatchewan.”

TheAlbertahailprojectismanagedbyTerryKrauss,acloudphysicistwhoworksforWeatherModification

Inc.ofFargo,NorthDakota.“Weaffectonlyaverysmallpercentageofthetotalmoistureintheair,sowecannotbe

cousingdrought.”Dr.Krausssays.“Infact,wemaybehelpingincreasethemoisturedownwindbycreatingwetter

ground.”

OnedoubteraboutthesafetyofcloudseedingisChuckDoswell,aresearchscientistwhojustretiredfromthe

UniversityofOklahoma.“In1999,Ipersonallysawsignificanttornadoes(龙卷风)formfromaseededstormcellin

Kansas,”Dr.Doswellsays.“Doescloudseedingcreatekillerstormsorreducemoisturedownwind?Noonereally

knows,ofcourse,buttheseedinggoeson.”

Giventhedegreeofdoubt,Mr.Stienwandsuggests,“itwouldbewisetostopcloudseeding.”Inpractice,doubt

hashadtheoppositeeffect.Duetothelackofscientificproofconcerningtheirimpacts,noonehassucceededin

winningalawsuitagainstcloud-seedingcompanies.Hence,privateclimateengineeringcanproceedinrelativelegal

safety.

8.Whatdoestheprojectaimtodo?

A.Conservemoistureinthesoil.B.Preventtheformationofhailstones.

C.Forecastdisastroushailstorms.D.Investigatechemicaluseinfarming.

9.Whoareopposedtotheproject?

A.Farmersineast-centralAlberta.B.Managersofinsurancecompanies.

C.Provincialgovernmentofficials.D.ResidentsofCalgaryandEdmonton

10.WhydoesDr.Doswellmentionthetornadoeshesawin1999?

A.Tocomparedifferentkindsofseedingmethods.

B.Toillustratethedevelopmentofbighailstorms.

C.Toindicateapossibledangerofcloudseeding.

第10页/共26页

D.Toshowthelinkbetweenstormsandmoisture.

11.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?

A.ScientificstudieshaveprovedStienwandright.

B.PrivateclimateengineeringisillegalinCanada.

C.Thedoubtaboutcloudseedinghasdisappeared.

D.Cloud-seedingcompanieswillcontinuetoexist.

【答案】8.B9.A10.C11.D

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了1991年9月7日，加拿大历史上损失最大的冰雹袭击了卡尔加

里的南郊。因此，自1996年以来，一组保险公司每年在艾伯塔省冰雹抑制项目上花费约200万美元。飞机

在有威胁的风暴中心中播撒一种化学物质，使小冰晶在变成危险的冰雹之前像雨一样落下。但是，在艾伯

塔省中东部的农民们担心，“冰雹计划”飞行的下风处，宝贵的水分正被人工降雨从他们干渴的土地上偷

走。

【8题详解】

细节理解题。根据第一段中“Asaresult,since1996agroupofinsurancecompanieshavespentabout$2million

peryearontheAlbertaHailSuppressionProject.Airplanesseedthreateningstormcellswithachemicaltomake

smallicecrystalsfallasrainbeforetheycangrowintodangeroushailstones.(因此，自1996年以来，一组保险

公司每年在艾伯塔省冰雹抑制项目上花费约200万美元。飞机在有威胁的风暴中心中播撒一种化学物质，

使小冰晶在变成危险的冰雹之前像雨一样落下)”可知，这个项目的目标是防止冰雹的形成。故选B项。

【9题详解】

细节理解题。根据第一段中“Butfarmersineast-centralAlberta—downwindofthehailprojectflights—

worrythatpreciousmoisture(水分)isbeingstolenfromtheirthirstylandbythecloudseeding.(但是，在艾伯塔

省中东部的农民们担心，“冰雹计划”飞行的下风处，宝贵的水分正被人工降雨从他们干渴的土地上偷

走)”可知，艾伯塔省中东部的农民反对这个项目。故选A项。

【10题详解】

推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“OnedoubteraboutthesafetyofcloudseedingisChuckDoswell,aresearch

scientistwhojustretiredfromtheUniversityofOklahoma.“In1999,Ipersonallysawsignificanttornadoes(龙卷

风)formfromaseededstormcellinKansas,”Dr.Doswellsays.“Doescloudseedingcreatekillerstormsorreduce

moisturedownwind?Noonereallyknows,ofcourse,buttheseedinggoeson.”(查克·多斯韦尔是一位刚刚从俄

克拉何马大学退休的研究科学家，他对人工降雨的安全性持怀疑态度。“1999年，我在堪萨斯州亲眼目睹

了由种子风暴细胞形成的重大龙卷风，”多斯韦尔博士说。“人工降雨会制造致命风暴还是减少顺风处的

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水分？当然，没有人真正知道，但是播种还在继续。”)”可推知，多斯韦尔博士提到他在1999年看到的龙

卷风是为了提示人工降雨可能带来的危险。故选C项。

【11题详解】

推理判断题。根据最后一段“Giventhedegreeofdoubt,Mr.Stienwandsuggests,“itwouldbewisetostop

cloudseeding.”Inpractice,doubthashadtheoppositeeffect.Duetothelackofscientificproofconcerningtheir

impacts,noonehassucceededinwinningalawsuitagainstcloud-seedingcompanies.Hence,privateclimate

engineeringcanproceedinrelativelegalsafety.(考虑到质疑的程度，斯廷旺德建议，“停止人工降雨是明智

的。”在实践中，怀疑产生了相反的效果。由于缺乏有关其影响的科学证据，没有人成功地赢得了对人工

降雨公司的诉讼。因此，私人气候工程可以在相对合法的安全条件下进行)”可推知，从最后一段我们能推

断出人工降雨公司将继续存在。故选D项。

D

TheStanfordmarshmallow(棉花糖)testwasoriginallyconductedbypsychologistWalterMischelinthelate

1960s.Childrenagedfourtosixatanurseryschoolwereplacedinaroom.Asinglesugarytreat,selectedbythe

child,wasplacedonatable.Eachchildwastoldiftheywaitedfor15minutesbeforeeatingthetreat,theywouldbe

givenasecondtreat.Thentheywereleftaloneintheroom.Follow-upstudieswiththechildrenlaterinlifeshowed

aconnectionbetweenanabilitytowaitlongenoughtoobtainasecondtreatandvariousformsofsuccess.

Asadultswefaceaversionofthemarshmallowtesteveryday.We’renottempted(诱惑)bysugarytreats,but

byourcomputers,phones,andtablets—allthedevicesthatconnectustotheglobaldeliverysystemforvarious

typesofinformationthatdotouswhatmarshmallowsdotopreschoolers.

Wearetemptedbysugarytreatsbecauseourancestorslivedinacalorie-poorworld,andourbrainsdeveloped

aresponsemechanismtothesetreatsthatreflectedtheirvalue—afeelingofrewardandsatisfaction.Butaswe’ve

reshapedtheworldaroundus,dramaticallyreducingthecostandeffortinvolvedinobtainingcalories,westillhave

thesamebrainswehadthousandsofyearsago,andthismismatchisattheheartofwhysomanyofusstruggleto

resisttemptingfoodsthatweknowweshouldn’teat.

Asimilarprocessisatworkinourresponsetoinformation.Ourformativeenvironmentasaspecieswas

information-poor,soourbrainsdevelopedamechanismthatprizednewinformation.Butglobalconnectivityhas

greatlychangedourinformationenvironment.Wearenowceaselesslybombarded(轰炸)withnewinformation.

Therefore,justasweneedtobemorethoughtfulaboutourcaloricconsumption,wealsoneedtobemorethoughtful

aboutourinformationconsumption,resistingthetemptationofthemental“junkfood”inordertomanageourtime

mosteffectively.

12.WhatdidthechildrenneedtodotogetasecondtreatinMischel’stest?

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A.Takeanexaminationalone.B.Showrespectfortheresearchers.

C.Sharetheirtreatswithothers.D.Delayeatingforfifteenminutes.

13.Accordingtoparagraph3,thereisamismatchbetween___________.

A.thecalorie-poorworldandourgoodappetites

B.theshortageofsugarandournutritionalneeds

C.therichfoodsupplyandourunchangedbrains

D.thetemptingfoodsandoureffortstokeepfit

14.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestreadersdo?

A.Absorbnewinformationreadily.B.Beselectiveinformationconsumers.

C.Usediverseinformationsources.D.Protecttheinformationenvironment.

15.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?

A.EatLess,ReadMoreB.TheBitterTruthaboutEarlyHumans

C.TheLater,theBetterD.TheMarshmallowTestforGrownups

【答案】12.D13.C14.B15.D

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇说明文。在信息化时代我们作为成年人每天都在面对棉花糖测试，信息轰炸让我们摄入

了太多精神“垃圾食品”，文章对此进行了介绍。

【12题详解】

细节理解题。根据第一段第四句“Eachchildwastoldiftheywaitedfor15minutesbeforeeatingthetreat,they

wouldbegivenasecondtreat.(每个孩子都被告知，如果他们在吃之前等待15分钟，他们将得到第二次奖

励。)”可知，在米歇尔的测试中，孩子们需要在吃之前等待15分钟才能得到第二次奖励。故选D。

【13题详解】

细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“Butaswe’vereshapedtheworldaroundus,dramaticallyreducingthecost

andeffortinvolvedinobtainingcalories,westillhavethesamebrainswehadthousandsofyearsago,andthis

mismatchisattheheartofwhysomanyofusstruggletoresisttemptingfoodsthatweknowweshouldn’teat.(但

是，当我们重塑了我们周围的世界，大大减少了获取卡路里的成本和努力时，我们的大脑仍然和几千年前

一样，这种不匹配是我们这么多人努力抵抗我们知道不应该吃的诱人食物的核心原因。)”可知，根据第三

段可知，丰富的食物供应和我们不曾改变的大脑之间存在不匹配。故选C。

【14题详解】

细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句“Therefore,justasweneedtobemorethoughtfulaboutourcaloric

consumption,wealsoneedtobemorethoughtfulaboutourinformationconsumption,resistingthetemptationof

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themental“junkfood”inordertomanageourtimemosteffectively.(因此，就像我们需要更仔细地考虑我们的

热量消耗一样，我们也需要更仔细地考虑我们的信息消耗，抵制精神“垃圾食品”的诱惑，以便最有效地

管理我们的时间。)”可知，作者建议读者做有选择性的信息消费者。故选B。

【15题详解】

主旨大意题。根据第二段“Asadultswefaceaversionofthemarshmallowtesteveryday.We’renottempted

(诱惑)bysugarytreats,butbyourcomputers,phones,andtablets—allthedevicesthatconnectustotheglobal

deliverysystemforvarioustypesofinformationthatdotouswhatmarshmallowsdotopreschoolers.(作为成年

人，我们每天都要面对棉花糖测试。诱惑我们的不是甜食，而是我们的电脑、手机和平板电脑——所有这

些将我们与全球信息传递系统连接起来的设备，它们对我们的作用就像棉花糖对学龄前儿童的作用一

样。)”可知，文章主要是讲在信息化时代我们作为成年人每天都在面对棉花糖测试，信息轰炸让我们摄入

了太多精神“垃圾食品”。故选D。

第二节（共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分）

根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选

项。

Inthepastfewyears,onlinelearninghasbecomeasignificantpartoftheuniversityandcollegeexperience.

___16___Butareallonlinecoursescreatedequal?Howcanyoubesurethatdigitallearningisrightforyou?

___17___

Weinterviewedstudentsandprofessorstogetthei