广东省七校联合体2023-2024学年高三上学期第一次联考英语试题(解析版)

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1广东省七校联合体2023-2024学年高三上学期第一次联考英语试题第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AInvasiveSpeciesManagementPlacencia,BelizeMakeadifferencebyremovinglion-fish,aninvasivespeciesdestroyingreefecosystemsoftheCaribbean.Learntodivewhileremovinglion-fish.Eachweek/daywilldifferbutyouwillbeparticipatinginthefollowingareas;RemovingInvasiveLion-fish.WhaleSharkObservation(ifspotted).BiodiversityIdentificationDive.BeachClean-ups.MarineResearchExpeditionTyrrhenianSea,ItalyYouwilljoinaninternationalcrewaboardasailboattoworkfortheprotectionofourseas.Andyouwilllearntocollectdata,organizeandenjoytheseaatitsbest!Experiencethesailinglifeinoneoftheworld’sbestspotsforWatersports.GainexperienceinMarineResearchinthefield(Underwater).Getcloseuptodolphinsandwhalesinthewild.WildlifeSupporterPortElizabeth,SouthAfricaVolunteerataGameReservethathoststheBig5andsupportthelocalstaffinmonitoringtheanimals.WorkupclosewiththefamousBig5!Joinourreservefororphanedandinjurednondangerousanimals.Makeadifferenceintherescue,rehabilitation(康复)andreleaseofwildlifegivingthemasecondchanceatbeingfreeandwildagain.ClimateandEnvironmentalistSupporterHangaRoa,ChileBeavolunteerontheamazingEasterIslandinthemiddleofthePacificOceanandgetinvolvedinclimateandnatureprotection.Responsibilitiesinclude:Teamworkintheclimateprotectionprogram,Collectionofplantseeds,Controlofseedsettlementontheplantation,Conservationofnativeseedsandplants,Reforestationwork.1.Whatactivitywillvolunteersdodependingongoodluck?A.Cleandolphinsstuckonthebeach. B.Diveunderwatertoseelion-fish.C.Collectdataonamarineanimal. D.Monitorwhalesharkscarefully.2.WhatisTyrrhenianSeafamousfor?A.Itsmarinelifeindeepwater. B.Itsperfectplaceforsailing.C.Itswilddolphinsandwhales. D.Itsbestspotformarineresearches.3.Whichactivityissuitableforvolunteerswithmedicalexperiences?A.WildlifeSupporter. B.MarineResearchExpedition.C.InvasiveSpeciesManagement. D.ClimateandEnvironmentalistSupporter.【语篇解读】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个志愿者项目的情况以及要求。〖答案〗1.D2.B3.A1．〖解析〗细节理解题。根据第一部分中“WhaleSharkObservation(ifspotted).(观察鲸鲨（如发现的话）)”可知，如果运气好，志愿者可以仔细观察鲸鲨。故选D。2．〖解析〗细节理解题。根据第二部分中“Experiencethesailinglifeinoneoftheworld’sbestspotsforWatersports.(在世界上最好的水上运动地点之一体验帆船生活)”可知，第勒尼安海是帆船运动的好地方而闻名。故选B。3．〖解析〗细节理解题。根据WildlifeSupporter部分中“Makeadifferenceintherescue,rehabilitation(康复)andreleaseofwildlifegivingthemasecondchanceatbeingfreeandwildagain.(在野生动物的救援、康复和释放方面发挥作用，给它们第二次重获自由和野性的机会)”可知，WildlifeSupporter适合有医疗经验的义工参加。故选A。BHaveyoueverfanciedatennislessonfromoneoftheworld’sgreatesttennisplayersatyourlocalcourt?Thisdreamcametruefortwoyoungplayers,whogottotrainwith20-year-oldsuperstarEmmaRaducanuaftersheappearedasahologram—aphotographicrecordingoftheimage.WhileSamClague,14,andDiamondPaisley,12,werebothinLondon,theBritishnumberonewasinAbuDhabi.Duringtheworld’sfirstholographiclesson,MsRaducanu’savatarappearedtofeedballstotheplayersandgavelivefeedbackontheirshots,like“thatwasfastandtherewaslotsoftopspinonthat”.EvenSamsaidhethoughtshehadbeenprerecordedatfirstuntilshespokewithhimdirectly.Theirholographictrainingsessionoffersaglimpseintohowadvancingtechnologycouldrevolutionizetenniscoaching,accordingtoDrIanPearson.DrPearsonthinksthatmixedrealityheadsetswillsoonallowtennisplayerstofeeltheyareplayinginunusualvirtualenvironments,likeonaspacestationorthemiddleofalakeThrough5G,thefutureoftenniswillseeincreasedinteractionbetweenreallifetenniscourtsandtherichimaginationweseeincomputergames-playingwhenever,whereverandwhoeveryouwant.Fullsensoryvirtualrealitycouldevenplacetheviewerinsidethetennisplayer’sshoesinrealtime.DrPearsonsaid:“By2030,withactiveskintechnology,theplayingstylesandeventhesensationsoftop-levelplayerscouldbecaptured,sothatanyonecouldexperiencehowitactuallyfelttoplaythatgamethroughfullsensoryvirtualreality.”Finally,sportswearmadefromsmartmaterialscouldallowforadigitalcoachpoweredbyartificialintelligence(AI)toprovidefeedbackonaplayer’sform.DrPearsonsaid:“Al-controlledsuitsmadefromsmartmaterials,suchasfabricswithsensors,canhelpplayersfindtheperfectstrokewhenhittingorreturningaservebyquicklylearningthemusclememoryofaflawlessforehand.UsingdirectfeedbackfromfriendlyvirtualAIcoaches,newplayerscandevelopandlearnmuchmorequickly.”4.WhatdidMsRaducanudointhefirstholographiclesson?A.Giveplayersarealtimeguidance. B.Requireplayerstofollowhershots.C.Recordcoachingcontentsinadvance. D.Shareherexperiencesthroughthehologram.5.Whatcanfullsensoryvirtualrealitymakeviewersdo?A.Increasetheirimaginationofsports. B.Taketheplaceoftoplevelplayers.C.Experiencethefeelingofplayersonthespot. D.Haveasenseofplayinginanunusualplace.6.What’sDrPearson’sattitudetowardsvirtualAIcoaches?A.Critical. B.Skeptical. C.Cautious. D.Favorable.7.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Thefutureofcoaching. B.ThethreatfromAItocoaches.C.Thefirstlivecoachingonline. D.Theappearanceofdigitalcoaches.【语篇解读】本文是说明文。讲述了先进的技术如何给网球教练带来革命性的变化，使网球的新球员可以更快地发展和学习。〖答案〗4.A5.C6.D7.A4．〖解析〗细节理解题。根据第三段“Duringtheworld’sfirstholographiclesson,MsRaducanu’savatarappearedtofeedballstotheplayersandgavelivefeedbackontheirshots,like“thatwasfastandtherewaslotsoftopspinonthat”.EvenSamsaidhethoughtshehadbeenprerecordedatfirstuntilshespokewithhimdirectly.(在世界上第一堂全息课程中，拉杜卡努女士的化身出现在球员面前，给他们运球，并对他们的击球给出实时反馈，比如“这个球很快，有很多上旋球”。连山姆都说，一开始他以为她是被预先录好的，直到她直接和他说话)”可知，Raducanu女士在第一节全息课上给球员一个实时的指导。故选A。5．〖解析〗细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“By2030,withactiveskintechnology,theplayingstylesandeventhesensationsoftop-levelplayerscouldbecaptured,sothatanyonecouldexperiencehowitactuallyfelttoplaythatgamethroughfullsensoryvirtualreality.(到2030年，有了主动皮肤技术，顶级球员的游戏风格甚至感觉都可以被捕捉到，这样任何人都可以通过全感官虚拟现实体验到打球的真实感受)”可知，全感官虚拟现实能让观众现场体验球员的感受。故选C。6．〖解析〗推理判断题。根据最后一段“DrPearsonsaid:“Al-controlledsuitsmadefromsmartmaterials,suchasfabricswithsensors,canhelpplayersfindtheperfectstrokewhenhittingorreturningaservebyquicklylearningthemusclememoryofaflawlessforehand.UsingdirectfeedbackfromfriendlyvirtualAIcoaches,newplayerscandevelopandlearnmuchmorequickly.”(皮尔森博士说：“由智能材料制成的人工智能控制的比赛服，比如带有传感器的织物，可以帮助球员在击球或回发球时快速学习完美正手的肌肉记忆，从而找到完美的击球方式。使用友好的虚拟人工智能教练的直接反馈，新球员可以更快地发展和学习。”)”可知，皮尔森博士认为虚拟人工智能教练能使新球员可以更快地发展和学习，所以他的态度是赞成的。故选D。7．〖解析〗主旨大意题。根据第四段“Theirholographictrainingsessionoffersaglimpseintohowadvancingtechnologycouldrevolutionizetenniscoaching,accordingtoDrIanPearson.(伊恩·皮尔森博士说，他们的全息训练课程让人们得以一窥先进的技术如何给网球教练带来革命性的变化)”以及纵观全文主要讲述了科技的发展，为网球教练带来完全不一样的改变，即教练的未来。故选A。CPeopletrainedtodetectliesoftenrelyonmultiplesigns,suchaseyecontact,lengthofresponsesandthedetailsinwhatpeoplesay,butstudieshaveshownthatassessingawiderangeofbehaviouralinformationcanmakeithardertodecideifsomeoneislying.BrunoVerschuereattheUniversityofAmsterdamandhiscolleagueswonderedwhethersolelyfocusingonthedetailofstatementscouldprovidemoreconsistentresults.Totestthisidea,researchersasked44studentstogoforawalkorstealfromamock(模仿的)crime.Studentswereinstructedtolieiftheycommittedthefaketheft.Next,theresearchersrecruited171peopletowatchsixtruthfulandsixdeceptive(欺骗的)interviewsfromtheserecordings,rankinginterviewees’eyecontactanddetaillevel.Theresultsrevealedthatbothtruth-tellersandliarsaverted(转移)theirgazeasimilaramount,buttruthfulstatementsweresubstantiallymoredetailedthandeceptiveones,suggestingthelatterisamoreusefulwaytotellthatsomeoneislying.Theresearchersthenasked405peopletojudgethetruenatureofsixtruthfulandsixdeceptivestatementsrandomlychosenfromtheinterviews.Aroundhalfoftheparticipantsusedmultiplecuestoidentifyliars.Theremainingparticipantssolelyrankedthelevelofdetailinanswersonascaleof1to10,with1a6orabovecountingastruthful.Thoseusingmultiplecuesdistinguishedliesfromthetruth59%ofthetime,whilethoserelyingsolelyondetailachieved66%.“Ourtakeisthatusingjustonecuecanprovideasimplerwaytojudgeliesfromthetruth,”saysVerschuere.Nevertheless,intherealworld,youwouldprobablyneedtoconfirmtheaccuracyofstatementsthroughextrafurtherinvestigationsorfollow-upquestions,hesays.8.BrunoVerschuereandhiscolleaguesconductedtheresearchtoconfirmthat________.A.behavioralinformationplayedavitalroleinfindingoutthetruthB.peopleshouldbetrainedtodetectliesbyreferringtomultiplecuesC.truthtellersandliarssharedsomethingincommonwhenperformingthetaskD.it’srelativelyeasiertoidentifyliarsbyrelyingonlyonthedetailofstatements9.Whatcanwelearnfromparagraph3and4?A.Liarsturnedawaytheireyesmoreoftenthantruth-tellers.B.Truthfulstatementsincludedconsiderablymoredetailsthandeceptiveones.C.It’sdifficultforparticipantstodetectliarsbyusingmultiplecueslikeeyecontact.D.Participantswhoreliedononecuecandistinguishliesfromthetruthfaultlessly.10.WhatdidVerschuerethinkofthereal-lifeapplicationofhisresearch?A.Ithadsomelimitations. B.Itmadenosense.C.Itcouldbeperfectlyapplied. D.Ithadnopotentialmarket.11.What’sthepurposeofthepassage?A.Tointroducereaderstotheclassificationoflies.B.Toencouragereaderstoapplytheresultsinreallife.C.Towarnreadersofpsychologicalharmoftellingalie.D.Toinformreadersofscientificfindingsondetectingliars.【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了评估范围广泛的行为信息会让判断一个人是否在撒谎变得更加困难。阿姆斯特丹大学的BrunoVerschuere和他的同事们进行了一项研究以证实只依靠陈述的细节来识别说谎者是相对容易的，研究表明，仅仅使用一个线索就可以提供一种更简单的方法来根据事实判断谎言。〖答案〗8.D9.B10.A11.D8．〖解析〗细节理解题。根据第一段中“butstudieshaveshownthatassessingawiderangeofbehaviouralinformationcanmakeithardertodecideifsomeoneislying.BrunoVerschuereattheUniversityofAmsterdamandhiscolleagueswonderedwhethersolelyfocusingonthedetailofstatementscouldprovidemoreconsistentresults.(但研究表明，评估范围广泛的行为信息会让判断一个人是否在撒谎变得更加困难。阿姆斯特丹大学的BrunoVerschuere和他的同事们想知道，仅仅关注发言的细节是否能够提供更加一致的结果。)”可知，BrunoVerschuere和他的同事们进行这项研究是想证实只依靠陈述的细节来识别说谎者是相对容易的，故选D。9．〖解析〗细节理解题。根据第三段中“Theresultsrevealedthatbothtruth-tellersandliarsaverted(转移)theirgazeasimilaramount,buttruthfulstatementsweresubstantiallymoredetailedthandeceptiveones,suggestingthelatterisamoreusefulwaytotellthatsomeoneislying.(结果显示，说实话的人和说谎的人转移视线的次数相似，但是真实的陈述比欺骗性的陈述更加详细，这表明真实陈述是一种更有用的方式来判断一个人是否在说谎。)”可知，真实的陈述比欺骗性的陈述包含更多的细节。故选B。10．〖解析〗推理判断题。根据最后一段中““Ourtakeisthatusingjustonecuecanprovideasimplerwaytojudgeliesfromthetruth,”saysVerschuere.Nevertheless,intherealworld,youwouldprobablyneedtoconfirmtheaccuracyofstatementsthroughextrafurtherinvestigationsorfollow-upquestions,hesays.(然而，在现实世界中，你可能需要通过额外的进一步调查或后续问题来确认陈述的准确性，他说。)”可推知，Verschuere认为他的研究应用于现实生活中会有一些局限性。故选A。11．〖解析〗推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“Peopletrainedtodetectliesoftenrelyonmultiplesigns,suchaseyecontact,lengthofresponsesandthedetailsinwhatpeoplesay,butstudieshaveshownthatassessingawiderangeofbehaviouralinformationcanmakeithardertodecideifsomeoneislying.BrunoVerschuereattheUniversityofAmsterdamandhiscolleagueswonderedwhethersolelyfocusingonthedetailofstatementscouldprovidemoreconsistentresults.(受过识别谎言训练的人通常依赖于多种信号，比如眼神接触、反应时间长短以及人们说话的细节，但研究表明，评估范围广泛的行为信息会让判断一个人是否在撒谎变得更加困难。阿姆斯特丹大学的BrunoVerschuere和他的同事们想知道，仅仅关注发言的细节是否能够提供更加一致的结果。)”和最后一段中““Ourtakeisthatusingjustonecuecanprovideasimplerwaytojudgeliesfromthetruth,”saysVerschuere.(Verschuere说:“我们的看法是，仅仅使用一个线索就可以提供一种更简单的方法来根据事实判断谎言。”)”可知，文章主要介绍了评估范围广泛的行为信息会让判断一个人是否在撒谎变得更加困难。阿姆斯特丹大学的BrunoVerschuere和他的同事们进行了一项研究以证实只依靠陈述的细节来识别说谎者是相对容易的，研究表明，仅仅使用一个线索就可以提供一种更简单的方法来根据事实判断谎言。由此可推知，文章的主要目的是告知读者关于识别说谎者的科学发现。故选D。DIntheanimalkingdom,mimics(模仿)arenotrare.Stickinsectspretendtobetwigs.Hawkmothcaterpillarsresemblepoisonoussnakes.Theexamples,though,arevisual.Auditorymimicryisrarer.DaniloRussooftheUniversityofNaplesFedericoIIthinkshehasfoundanovelcaseofit,ashedescribesinCurrentBiology.Somebats,hebelieves,mimicangrybeesinordertoscareawayowlsthatmightotherwiseeatthem.Dr.Russofirstnoticedbatbuzzingafewyearsago.Thenoisestruckhimassimilartothesoundofsomebees.Hewonderedwhetherbatbuzzingwasaformofmimicrywhichhelpedtoscareoffwould-bepredators.Totestthisidea,heandhiscolleaguesfirstrecordedthebuzzingthatcapturedbatsmade.Then,withprotectiveclothing,theybeganthemoredangeroustaskofrecordingthebuzzingmadebydifferentbees.Computeranalysisrevealedthatbees’andbats’buzzingwere,indeed,similar.Thentheresearchersrecruitedseveralowls.Theyputtheowls,oneatatime,inanenclosurewithbranchesforthemtostayon,andtwoboxeswithholesinthem.Theyplacedaloudspeakeralongsideoneoftheboxesand,afterthebirdshadsettledin,broadcastthroughitfivesecondsofuninterruptedbatbuzzingandasimilaramountofinsectbuzzingthreetimesinarowforeachnoise.Asacontrol,theybroadcastinlikemannerseveralnon-buzzingsoundsmadebybats.Duringthebroadcastsandforfiveminutesthereafter,theyvideoedtheowls.Afteranalysis,theresultswereunequivocal.Whentheyheardboththebatbuzzingandthebeebuzzing,theowlsmovedasfarfromthespeakersastheycould.Incontrast,whenthenon-buzzingbatsoundswereplayed,theycreptcloser.Dr.Russobelievesthisisthefirstreportedcaseofamammalusingauditorymimicrytoscareawayapredator.Theystronglysuspect,however,thatitisnotunique.Anecdotessuggestseveralbirdsalsomakebuzzingnoiseswhentheirnestsaredisturbed.Andwiththeresultoftheexperiment,hethereforepredictsthatauditorymimicryisfarmorewidespreadthancurrentlyrealized.12.WhatwasDr.Russo’sassumptionofthestudy?A.Batsimitatethevoiceofangrybeestofrightenawayenemies.B.Thebuzzingofbatsissimilartothesoundofsomebees.C.Auditorymimicryisrathercommonintheanimalkingdom.D.Onlysomebatshavethecapacityofauditorymimicry.13.HowdidDr.Russotesthisidea?A.Byconsultingexpertsinthisfield. B.Byreferringtootherscholars’analysis.C.Bycollectingcomputerdata. D.Byconductingseriesofscientificexperiments.14.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“unequivocal”inparagraph5possiblymean?A.Disappointing. B.Controversial. C.Definite. D.Uncertain.15.Whatisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.ANewTricktoScareAwayOwls B.AnimalMimicry:BuzzoffC.ASelf-protectionBehavioramongAnimals D.Bats:NoMoreVictimtoOwls【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了DaniloRusso认为蝙蝠模仿愤怒的蜜蜂的声音来吓走敌人，为了验证这一想法，他进行了一系列实验。〖答案〗12.A13.D14.C15.B12．〖解析〗细节理解题。根据第一段“Somebats,hebelieves,mimicangrybeesinordertoscareawayowlsthatmightotherwiseeatthem.(他认为，有些蝙蝠模仿愤怒的蜜蜂是为了吓跑可能会吃掉它们的猫头鹰)”可知，Russo博士对这项研究的假设是蝙蝠模仿愤怒的蜜蜂的声音来吓走敌人。故选A。13．〖解析〗细节理解题。根据第三段“Totestthisidea,heandhiscolleaguesfirstrecordedthebuzzingthatcapturedbatsmade.Then,withprotectiveclothing,theybeganthemoredangeroustaskofrecordingthebuzzingmadebydifferentbees.Computeranalysisrevealedthatbees’andbats’buzzingwere,indeed,similar.(为了验证这个想法，他和他的同事们首先记录了捕捉到的蝙蝠发出的嗡嗡声。然后，穿上防护服，他们开始了更危险的任务——记录不同蜜蜂发出的嗡嗡声。计算机分析显示，蜜蜂和蝙蝠的嗡嗡声确实相似)”可知，罗素博士通过进行一系列的科学实验检验他的想法。故选D。14．〖解析〗词句猜测题。根据划线词后文“Whentheyheardboththebatbuzzingandthebeebuzzing,theowlsmovedasfarfromthespeakersastheycould.Incontrast,whenthenon-buzzingbatsoundswereplayed,theycreptcloser.”可知，经过分析，他们得出的结果是：当猫头鹰同时听到蝙蝠的嗡嗡声和蜜蜂的嗡嗡声时，它们就尽可能地远离扬声器。相比之下，当播放没有嗡嗡声的蝙蝠声音时，它们会爬得更近，说明结果十分明确清楚。故划线词意思是“明确的”。故选C。15．〖解析〗主旨大意题。根据第一段“DaniloRussooftheUniversityofNaplesFedericoIIthinkshehasfoundanovelcaseofit,ashedescribesinCurrentBiology.Somebats,hebelieves,mimicangrybeesinordertoscareawayowlsthatmightotherwiseeatthem.(那不勒斯费德里科二世大学的DaniloRusso认为他发现了一个新的例子，他在《当代生物学》中描述了这一点。他认为，有些蝙蝠模仿愤怒的蜜蜂是为了吓跑可能会吃掉它们的猫头鹰)”结合文章主要说明了DaniloRusso认为蝙蝠模仿愤怒的蜜蜂的声音来吓走敌人，为了验证这一想法，他进行了一系列实验。可知，B选项“动物模仿：让捕食者走开”最符合文章标题。故选B。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。HowtoSetGoalsWhetheryouhavesmalldreamsorhighexpectations,settinggoalsallowsyoutoplanhowyouwanttomovethroughlife.____16____Findoutyourlifegoals.Askyourselfsomeimportantquestionsaboutwhatyouwantforyourlife.Whatdoyouwanttoachievetoday,inayear,andinyourlifetime?Theanswerstothisquestioncanbeasgeneralas“Iwanttobehappy”or“Iwanttohelppeople”.____17____Setspecific(具体的)goals.Bespecificandrealisticaboutwhatitisthatyouwanttoachieve.Researchshowsthatsettingaspecificgoalmakesyoumorelikelytoachieveit.____18____Forexample,“Behealthier”istoobigandvaguetobeahelpfulgoal.“Iwanttoeatmorevegetables,andIwanttorunamarathon”isbetter.Writeoutyourgoals.Bedetailed,beclear,andincludeyoursteps.____19____Keepyourlistinaplacewhereyoucangetinformedfrequently.Thiswillhelpkeepyoumotivated.____20____Youmayfindyourselfsetinyourwaysconcerningbroadlifegoals,buttakethetimetoreevaluateyoursmallergoals.Areyouaccomplishingthemaccordingtoyourtimeline?Aretheystillnecessarytokeepyouontracktowardsyourlargerlifegoals?Allowyourselftheflexibility(灵活性)tomakesomesmallchangestoyourgoals.A.Adjustyourgoals.B.Trackandmeasureyourprogress.C.Havingaplanwillhelppushyouahead.D.Writingthemdowntendstomakethemalittlemorereal.E.Herearesomeimportantideasthatyoumayfindhelpful.F.Considerwhatyouhopetoachievein10,15,or20years.G.Rememberthatyoumayneedtobreaklargegoalsintosmallergoals.【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文，文章主要讲述如何设定目标。〖答案〗16.E17.F18.G19.D20.A16．〖解析〗上文“Whetheryouhavesmalldreamsorhighexpectations,settinggoalsallowsyoutoplanhowyouwanttomovethroughlife.(无论你有小梦想还是高期望，设定目标都能让你计划好如何度过一生)”提到设定目标的好处，下文具体介绍了设定目标的方法，故E项“这里有一些重要的想法，你可能会觉得有用”承上启下，符合语境，故选E。17．〖解析〗根据本段主题句“Findoutyourlifegoals.(找出你的人生目标)”和上文“Whatdoyouwanttoachievetoday,inayear,andinyourlifetime?(你想要实现什么：今天，一年后，还有在你的一生中？)”可知，空格处应讲到人生目标，F项“考虑一下你希望在10年、15年或20年内达到什么目标”符合本段主旨，故选F。18．〖解析〗根据上文“Researchshowsthatsettingaspecificgoalmakesyoumorelikelytoachieveit.(研究表明，设定一个具体的目标会让你更有可能实现它)”并结合下文的举例“Forexample,‘Behealthier’istoobigandvaguetobeahelpfulgoal.‘Iwanttoeatmorevegetables,andIwanttorunamarathon’isbetter.(例如，‘变得更健康’是一个太大太模糊的目标。‘我要多吃蔬菜，我要跑马拉松’更好)”可知，设定一个具体的目标会让你更有可能实现它，要把太大太模糊的目标分解成具体的目标，G项“记住，你可能需要把大目标分解成小目标”符合语境，故选G。19．〖解析〗根据本段主题句“Writeoutyourgoals.(写下你的目标)”及下文“Keepyourlistinaplacewhereyoucangetinformedfrequently.(把你的清单放在一个你可以经常得到消息的地方)”可知，本段是说把目标写出来，D项“把它们写下来会让它们更真实一些”符合语境，故选D。20．〖解析〗根据本段中“Youmayfindyourselfsetinyourwaysconcerningbroadlifegoals,buttakethetimetoreevaluateyoursmallergoals.(你可能会发现自己在大的人生目标上设定了自己的方式，但要花时间重新评估你的小目标)”和“Allowyourselftheflexibility(灵活性)tomakesomesmallchangestoyourgoals.(给自己一些灵活性，对你的目标做一些小的改变)”可知，本段是说要灵活调整目标，故A项“调整你的目标”符合语境。故选A。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。JenniferWebb-McRaealwaysknewwhatshewantedtobewhenshegrewup.Shereallyneverwantedtobeanythingelse___21___alawyerwhenshegrewupandthatwasbecauseherfamilykindofputthatideainherhead.Theyusedtosayshe___22___everypoint,sosheshouldgrowupandbealawyer.Webb-McRaewasraisedinNewJerseyandreceivedherlawdegreethere.___23___,Webb-McRaewasinterestedinfamilylaw,sosheclerkedforajudge___24___inthatfield.Later,shegotachancetoworkwiththejuvenile(未成年)justicesystem.Duringthattime,shefoundshehada___25___forcriminallawanddecidedtoworkforthat.Now,shefeelsfortunatetogetajobrepresentingjuveniledefendants.Herresponsibilitiesarecomplexandshesaysshehasaroleto___26___inthissystem.Sheworkstohelppeoplemakegoodchoices,___27___whentheyareyoung.Sherecognizesthepowerofpeerpressurethatchildrenface.She___28___thestrong“no-snitching”(禁止告密)cultureamongyoungpeoplethatcanblockneededintervention.To___29___thisdisturbingandworryingsituation,Webb-McRae____30____anAnnualBacktoSchoolInitiative.Afterjustsixyearsin____31____,theprogramnowinvolves40schools.Earlierthisyear,Webb-McRaealsostartedacommunityengagementseries.Shethinkseveryonehasarightto____32____thejusticesystemisfairandjust.“Ourjusticesystemcertainlyisnot____33____,butI’mpassionateaboutdoingmylittle____34____tomakeitbetter.Ibelieveinactionandmovingtheballforward.”Webb-McRachopesherexamplewill____35____girlsinNewJerseytopursuetheirdreams.21.A.against B.besides C.but D.from22.A.argued B.consulted C.made D.supported23.A.Beforelong B.Earlyon C.Atthesametime D.Onceinawhile24.A.caught B.blessed C.involved D.trapped25.A.motive B.passion C.demand D.tolerance26.A.bring B.direct C.take D.play27.A.truly B.obviously C.especially D.certainly28.A.acquires B.notes C.predicts D.follows29.A.track B.battle C.seek D.question30.A.instructed B.assumed C.programmed D.launched31.A.existence B.suggestion C.treatment D.expectation32.A.figureout B.pointout C.makesure D.makesense33.A.complete B.persuasive C.perfect D.reliable34.A.career B.part C.mission D.thing35.A.teach B.inspire C.help D.attract【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了JenniferWebb-McRae在新泽西州长大，并在那里获得了法律学位，毕业后她发现自己对刑法很感兴趣，并决定为此工作。〖答案〗21.C22.A23.B24.C25.B26.D27.C28.B29.B30.D31.A32.C33.C34.B35.B21．〖解析〗考查介词词义辨析。句意：她长大后，除了当律师，再也不想做别的事了，那是因为她的家人让她有了这个想法。A.against反对；B.besides除了……还有；C.but除了……不；D.from来自。根据上文“Webb-McRaewasraisedinNewJerseyandreceivedherlawdegreethere.(韦伯-麦克雷在新泽西州长大，并在那里获得了法律学位)”可知，指她只想当律师，表示“除了……没有”应用but。故选C。22．〖解析〗考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们过去常说她每一个观点都争论，所以她应该长大成为一名律师。A.argued争论；B.consulted咨询；C.made制作；D.supported支持。根据后文“sosheshouldgrowupandbealawyer”和常识可知，律师会对每一个观点辩论，因此认为她长大应该当律师是因为她会争论每一个观点，故选A。23．〖解析〗考查固定短语辨析。句意：早些时候，韦伯-麦克雷对家庭法很感兴趣，所以她为一位涉及该领域的法官做书记员。A.Beforelong不久；B.Earlyon在早期；C.Atthesametime同时；D.Onceinawhile偶尔。根据后文“Later,shegotachancetoworkwiththejuvenile(未成年)justicesystem.(后来，她有机会在少年司法系统工作)”可知，此处是她毕业后早期的职业生涯。故选B。24.〖解析〗考查动词词义辨析。句意：早些时候，韦伯-麦克雷对家庭法很感兴趣，所以她为一位涉及该领域的法官做书记员。A.caught抓住；B.blessed祝福；C.involved涉及；D.trapped被困。根据后文“inthatfield”指一位涉及该领域的法官，短语为involvedin表示“参与”。故选C。25．〖解析〗考查名词词义辨析。句意：在那段时间里，她发现自己对刑法很感兴趣，并决定为此工作。A.motive动机；B.passion激情；C.demand要求；D.tolerance忍受。根据后文“forcriminallawanddecidedtoworkforthat”可知，她决定从事刑法方面的工作，是因为发现自己对刑法很感兴趣。故选B。26．〖解析〗考查动词词义辨析。句意：她的职责很复杂，她说自己在这个体系中可以发挥作用。A.bring带来；B.direct指导；C.take带走；D.play发挥（作用）。根据后文“Sheworkstohelppeoplemakegoodchoices,especiallywhentheyareyoung.(她致力于帮助人们做出正确的选择，尤其是当他们年轻的时候)”可知，她说自己在这个体系中可以发挥作用。短语playarolein表示“发挥作用”。故选D。27．〖解析〗考查副词词义辨析。句意：她致力于帮助人们做出正确的选择，尤其是当他们年轻的时候。A.truly真地；B.obviously显然；C.especially特别；D.certainly当然。根据后文“whentheyareyoung”可知，她致力于帮助人们做出正确的选择，尤其是年轻人需要她帮助做出正确的选择，especially表示特别强调。故选C。28．〖解析〗考查动词词义辨析。句意：她指出，年轻人中强烈的“不告密”文化可能会阻碍必要的干预。A.acquires获得；B.notes指出；C.predicts预测；D.follows跟随。根据后文“thestrong“no-snitching”cultureamongyoungpeoplethatcanblockneededintervention”可知，后文提到的年轻人中强烈的“不告密”文化可能会阻碍必要的干预是她强调指出的内容。故选B。29．〖解析〗考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了阻止这种令人不安和担忧的情况，韦伯-麦克雷发起了一项年度返校倡议。A.track跟踪；B.battle战斗，阻止；C.seek寻找；D.question质疑。根据后文“thisdisturbingandworryingsituation”以及她发起倡议可知，发起倡议是为了应对这种令人不安和担忧的情况，battle表示“阻止”最符合语境，故选B。30．〖解析〗考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了阻止这种令人不安和担忧的情况，韦伯-麦克雷发起了一项年度返校倡议。A.instructed指示；B.assumed认为；C.programed编程；D.launched启动。根据前文“She

8thestrong“no-snitching”(禁止告密)cultureamongyoungpeoplethatcanblockneededintervention.”和后文“anAnnualBacktoSchoolInitiative”可知，年度返校倡议是她发起的，应用动词launch。故选D。31．〖解析〗考查名词词义辨析。句意：经过短短6年的发展，该项目现已涉及40所学校。A.existence存在；B.suggestion建议；C.treatment治疗；D.expectation期待。根据后文上文“Afterjustsixyearsin”以及后文“theprogramnowinvolves40schools”可知，这个倡议已涉及40所学校，说明已经存在了6年。故选A。32．〖解析〗考查动词短语辨析。句意：她认为每个人都有权利确保司法系统是公平公正的。A.figureout弄清楚；B.pointout指出；C.makesure确保；D.makesense有意义。根据上文“Earlierthisyear,Webb-McRaealsostartedacommunityengagementseries.(今年早些时候，韦伯-麦克雷还启动了一个社区参与系列活动)”以及后文“thejusticesystemisfairandjust”可知，Webb-McRae启动了一个社区参与系列活动，是因为她认为每个人有权利确保司法系统是公平公正的。故选C。33．〖解析〗考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们的司法系统当然不完美，但我热衷于尽我的绵薄之力让它变得更好。A.complete完全的；B.persuasive有说服力的；C.perfect完美的；D.reliable可靠的。根据后文“makeitbetter”可知，要让司法系统变得更好，说明目前司法系统并不完美，故选C。34．〖解析〗考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们的司法系统当然不完美，但我热衷于尽我的绵薄之力让它变得更好。A.career事业；B.part部分；C.mission任务；D.thing事情。根据上文“I’mpassionateaboutdoingmylittle”可知，Webb-McRae想要尽自己的一份力让司法系统变得更好，doone’spart表示“尽自己的责任”。故选B。35．〖解析〗考查动词词义辨析。句意：韦伯-麦克拉克希望她的榜样能激励新泽西的女孩们去追求自己的梦想。A.teach教；B.inspire鼓舞；C.help帮助；D.attract吸引。根据后文“girlsinNewJerseytopursuetheirdreams”以及韦伯实现了自己一直以来当律师的梦想，可知，韦伯-麦克拉克希望她的榜样能激励新泽西的女孩们去追求自己的梦想。故选B。第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。ThetotalfloorareaofChain’sgreenbuildingshasbeenover6.6billionsquaremeterswiththecountry’seffortstopromotehigh-qualitydevelopmentinurbanandruralareas.___36___(note)China’sachievementsofgreendevelopmentinurbanandruralareas,ZhangXiaohong,viceministerofhousingandurban-ruraldevelopment,___37___(stress)thedifficulttaskofsavingenergyandreducingcarbonemissionsinurbanandruralconstructionatapressconferenceonMonday.Theministrywillmakecontinuousefforts___38___(increase)theproportionofgreenbuildings,raisebuildingenergyefficiencystandardsandpopularizebuildingswithextra-lowenergy___39___(consume)inregionswithsuitableclimateconditions.Itwillalsopromotegreenrenovationofexistingbuildingstoimproveenergyefficiencyandmake___40___(low)carbonemissions.Ch