高考英语二轮阅读阅读理解讲解课件

一、解题步骤1.先题后文或者先文后题二、找定位三、按逻辑1.串联题干间逻辑，推测文章主题(题干中反复出现的词是中心词)高考阅读理解技巧

突破六大阅读题型高考阅读理解技巧

突破六大阅读题型四、六大阅读题型(一)细节题1.题干标志:

what/how/why/because/in

that等+具体信息

2.选项与原文逐词比对正确选项:同义改写干扰选项:

90%的部分与原文相符，但一定有

10%的部分是错误的=错误选项3.干扰选项特征(1)正反混淆

(2)

概念偷换

(3)答非所问:题干中往往有陷阱(4)不同内容嫁接

(5)非最佳答案

(6)绝对化用词:

only/must/exclusively/never/all/最高级(通常不选，除非原文明确使用)

高考阅读理解技巧

突破六大阅读题型(二)例证题1.题干标志:

example/case实例/illustrate说明/demonstrate证明/to

show2.例子本身不重要，重要的是例子所支持的观点;观点一般在例子前，有时也在例子后。干扰选项设计思路:主被动偷换高考阅读理解技巧

突破六大阅读题型(三)中心思想题1.题干标志:

mainly/about/discuss/the

best

title/the

purpose2.做题方法(1)

串线:将各段首末句串联成一个整体，注意转折处每个句子的交集，也即共同的词，对应的选项即是答案(可能不止一个词;可能同义改写)(2)中心词:文章中反复高频出现的词(3)中心句:①文章开头的提问，对它的回答就是文章中心

②独句段(通常是长难句)3.干扰选项特征:(1)范围太小片面(2)范围太大高考阅读理解技巧

突破六大阅读题型(四)作者态度题1.题干标志:

attitude/deem认为/consider/tone语气2.正确选项(1)正面:

positive积极的/optimistic积极的/approval支持的/supportive支持的(2)负面:

negative消极的/pessimistic消极的/disapproval不支持的/critical批判的doubtful怀疑的/suspicious怀疑的/skeptical怀疑的/questionable怀疑的(3)中立:

neutral中立的/objective客观的/impartial公正的/disinterested公正的3.其他选项(1)漠不关心类:

uninterested/unconcerned/indifferent冷漠的

(2)困惑迷惑类:

confused/puzzled困惑的(3)偏见歧视类:

biased/prejudiced/discriminated

有偏见的(4)鄙视类、主观类:

contemptuous蔑视的/subjective主观的4.当作者态度没有明确提出时:(1)

文章的框架(串联中心)(2)

adj./adv.(3)

转折处(4)情态动词之后(尤其后接not时)*少数派理论，即作者的观点常与大众相反，few≈中心(五)词汇题1.题干标志:“_”

(Line1.

paragraph2)

most

probably

means2.做题方法:通过定位好的句子,结合上下文或者本句内的逻辑关系，找同义词或者反义词3.干扰选项特征:字面意思理解高考阅读理解技巧

突破六大阅读题型(六)推理判断题1.题干标志:

infer/learn

from/imply/suggest/conclude2.做题方法(1)

同义改写一细节/主旨(段落主旨)

/逻辑

(2)逻辑取反-推理多在转折处*阅读理解不要理解(不要过度加戏)高考阅读理解技巧

突破六大阅读题型高考阅读理解技巧

突破六大阅读题型CInhis1936workHowtoWinFriendsandInfluencePeople,DaleCarnegiewrote:“Ihavecometotheconclusionthatthereisonlyonewaytogetthebestofanargument-andthatistoavoidit.”Thisdistasteforargumentsiscommon,butitdependsonamistakenviewofargumentsthatcausesproblemsforourpersonalandsociallives–andinmanywaysmissesthepointofarguinginthefirstplace.Carnegiewouldberightifargumentswerefights,whichishowweoftenthinkofthem.Likephysicalfights,verbal（言语的）fightscanleavebothsidesbloodied.Evenwhenyouwin,youendupnobetteroff.Youwouldbefeelingalmostasbadifargumentswereevenjustcompetitions-like,say,tennistournaments.Pairsofopponentshittheballbackandforthuntilonewinnercomesoutfromallwhoentered.Everybodyelseloses.Thiskindofthinkingexplainswhysomanypeopletrytoavoidarguments.However,therearewaystowinanargumenteverytime.Whenyoustateyourposition,formulate（阐述）anargumentforwhatyouclaimandhonestlyaskyourselfwhetheryourargumentisanygood.Whenyoutalkwithsomeonewhotakesastand,askthemtogiveyouareasonfortheirviewandspellouttheirargumentfullyAssessitsstrengthandweaknessRaiseobjections（异议）andlistencarefullytotheirreplies.Thismethodwillrequireeffort,butpracticewillmakeyoubetteratit.高考阅读理解技巧

突破六大阅读题型Thesetoolscanhelpyouwineveryargument—notintheunhelpfulsenseofbeatingyouropponentsbutinthebettersenseoflearningaboutwhatdividespeople,learningwhytheydisagreewithusandlearningtotalkandworktogetherwiththem.Ifwereadjustourviewofarguments—fromaverbalfightortennisgametoareasonedexchangethroughwhichweallgainrespectandunderstandingfromeachother-thenwechangetheverynatureofwhatitmeansto“win”anargument.28.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardCarnegie'sunderstandingofargumentA.Critical.B.Supportive.C.Tolerant.D.Uncertain.29.WhydomanypeopletrytoavoidargumentsA.Theylackdebatingskills.B.Theymayfeelbadeveniftheywin.C.Theyfearbeingignored.D.Theyarenotconfidentinthemselves.30.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“spellout”inparagraph3probablymeanA.Defend.B.Explain.C.Conclude.D.Repeat.31.Whatisthekeyto“winning”anargumentaccordingtotheauthorA.Senseoflogic.B.Solidsupportingevidence.C.Propermanners.D.Understandingfrombothsides.观点态度题

定位1but转折处

推断题

同义词替换bad=nobetteroff词义理解题

上下文意思

找同义词或反义词细节理解题

定位最后一段ABBD【28题详解】A观点态度题。第一段Thisdistasteforargumentsiscommon,butitdependsonamistakenviewofargumentsthatcausesproblemsforourpersonalandsociallives–andinmanywaysmissesthepointofarguinginthefirstplace.(这种对争论的厌恶是常见的，但它依赖于对依赖的错误看法，这种观点会给我们的个人和社会生活带来问题-而且在很多方面我们忽略了争论的意义。)”做观点态度题时，转折处和形容词会告诉我们，由mistaken,problem可知，作者对于卡耐基这句话是负面的态度，故选critical批判的，故选A。【29题详解】B推断题。第二段Likephysicalfights,verbal（言语的）fightscanleavebothsidesbloodied.Evenwhenyouwin,youendupnobetteroff.(和身体的打斗一样，言语上的打斗也会让双方都流血不止。即使你赢了，结果也不会更好。)”可推断，争论会让双方流血即使赢了感觉也很糟糕，同义改写，nobetteroff对应bad故选B。【30题详解】B词义推断题。根据第三段Whenyoutalkwithsomeonewhotakesastand,askthemtogiveyouareasonfortheirviewandspellouttheirargumentfully(当你和持立场的人交谈时，要求他们给你一个理由来解释他们的观点并且充分_______他们的观点。)词汇题做题方法：通过定位好的句子,结合上下文或者本句内的逻辑关系，找同义词或者反义词。根据and，我们找giveareasonfor(给一个理由解释）的同义词，故选B31题详解】D细节理解题。根据最后一段的Thesetoolscanhelpyouwineveryargument—notintheunhelpfulsenseofbeatingyouropponentsbutinthebettersenseoflearningaboutwhatdividespeople,learningwhytheydisagreewithusandlearningtotalkandworktogetherwiththem.(这些工具可以帮助你赢得每一场争论-不是在毫无帮助的意义上打败你的对手，而是在更好的意义上了解人们的分歧，了解他们为什么不同意我们，学习与他们交谈和工作。)”可推断，but后对双方的了解是赢的关键。故选DDForlotsofkids,toddlerhood（幼儿期）isanimportanttimeforfriendship.Studiesshowthattheearlierkidslearntoformpositiverelationships,thebettertheyareatrelatingtoothersasteenagersandadults.Playingtogetheralsohelpsthesekidspracticesocialbehaviors,suchaskindness,sharing,andcooperation.Evenso,howquicklyyourchilddevelopsintoasocialcreaturemayalsodependonhistemperament（性格）.Sometoddlersareverysocial,butothersareshy.Inaddition,thewaythattoddlersdemonstratethattheylikeotherchildrenismarkedlydifferentfromwhatadultsthinkofasexpressionsoffriendship.ResearchatOhioStateUniversityinColumbusfoundthatatoddler'swayofsaying“Ilikeyou”duringplayislikelytocomeintheformofcopyingafriend'sbehavior.高考阅读理解技巧

突破六大阅读题型Thisseeminglyunusualwayofdemonstratingfondnesscanresultinunpleasantbehavior.Regardlessofhowmuchtheylikeaplaymate,theymaystillgrabhistoys,refusetoshare,andgetbossy.Butexpertssaythatthisisanormalandnecessarypartoffriendshipforkidsthisage.Throughplayexperiences,toddlerslearnsocialrules.That'swhyit'ssoimportanttotakeanactiveroleinyourtoddler'ssocialencountersbysettinglimitsandofferingfrequentremindersofwhattheyare.Whenyouestablishtheseguidelines,explainthereasonsbehindthem.Beginbyhelpingyourchildlearnsympathy（“Beniscrying.What'smakinghimsosad”）,thensuggesthowhecouldresolvetheproblem（“Maybehewouldfeelbetterifyoulethimplaytheball.”）.Whenyourchildsharesorshowsempathy（同理心）towardafriend,praisehim（“Benstoppedcrying!Youmadehimfeelbetter.”）.Anotherwaytoencouragehealthysocialinteractionisbyencouragingkidstousewords-notfists-toexpresshowtheyfeel.It'salsoimportanttobemindfulofhowyourchild'spersonalityaffectsplaytime.Kidsareeasytogetangrywhenthey'resleepyorhungry,soscheduleplaytimewhenthey'rerefreshed.高考阅读理解技巧

突破六大阅读题型32.Whatdoesitindicatewhentoddlerscopytheirplaymates'behaviorA.Theyareinterestedinacting.B.Theyareshywiththestrangers.C.Theyarefondoftheirplaymates.D.Theyaretiredofplayinggames.33.WhatdoestheauthorsuggestparentsdofortheirkidsA.Designgamesforthem.B.Findthemsuitableplaymates.C.Playtogetherwiththem.D.Helpthemunderstandsocialrules.34.Whatisthefunctionofthequotedstatementsinparagraph4A.Givingexamples.B.Explainingconcepts.C.Providingevidence.D.Makingcomparisons.35.WhichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetextA.HowChildrenAdapttoChangesB.HowtoBeaRoleModelforChildrenC.HowYourBabyLearnstoLoveD.HowtoCommunicatewithYourKid高考阅读理解技巧

突破六大阅读题型细节题

定位2同义词替换like=befondof细节题limit=rules推理判断题

举例子主旨大意题

CDAC【32题详解】C细节题。根据第二段ResearchatOhioStateUniversityinColumbusfoundthatatoddler'swayofsaying“Ilikeyou”duringplayislikelytocomeintheformofcopyingafriend'sbehavior.可知，蹒跚学步的孩子在玩耍时说我喜欢你的方式很有可能是以模仿朋友行为的形式出现的。同义词改写like=befondof故选C项。【