重庆市2024-2025学年高二英语上学期10月阶段性检测试题含解析

(满分：150分;考试时间：120分钟)留意事项：1.答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、班级、考场/座位号、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2.答选择题时，必需运用2B铅笔填涂;答非选择题时，必需运用0.5毫米的黑色签字笔书写;必需在题号对应的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写无效保持答卷清洁、完整。3.考试结束后，将答题卡交回(试题卷学生保存，以备评讲)。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上，录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatwillthewomandotonight?A.Reschedulethemeeting. B.Joinasportsclub. C.Seeadoctor.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:I’msorryJames,Ican’tmakethesportsclubmeetingtonight.M:That’sokay.Iseverythingalright?W:Yeah,Ijusthaveanappointmentattheclinicrightinthemiddleofthemeetingtime.M:Noproblem.Wecan’trescheduleitbutIhopetoseeyounextweek!2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Howdoesthewomanfeelaboutherinterviewatfirst?A.Worried. B.Excited. C.Confident.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:I’msonervousaboutthisjobinterviewtomorrow.DoyouthinkI’llbeokay?M:You’lldogreat.YouarethesmartestandmostcapablepersonIknow!W:Thanks,Iappreciateyourkindwords.I’msureI’llbeexcitedinnotime!3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Inarestaurant. B.Athome. C.Inahotel.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:I’vebeentoldyoumighthaveaspareroom.W:Yes,I’vegotasparesingle.M:Whatareyourterms?W:£37forbedandbreakfast.4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whydoesthemanneedthecar?A.Togotowork. B.Todeliveritemsforaparty. C.Totakehisuncletothehospital.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:MumsaidIcouldborrowthecarforafewhours.Isthatokay?IneedtopickupsomesuppliesforAuntyJane’sparty.W:Sure,butIneeditforworklaterandtotakeUncleLeotothehospital.Doyouneeditforlong?5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatdoesthewomanwanttodo?A.Storesomewater. B.Buysomecontainers. C.Fixapipe.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:Tom,grabsomecontainers!Thewaterinourbuildingisgoingtobeshutoffinanhour!Formaybe3days!M:What?Whathappened?W:It’sforrepairs.Animportantpipebroke.Weneedtofillupeverycontainerwehavewithwater.其次节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】6.Whatdoweknowaboutthewoman?A.Shelikescomedy.B.Sheneedstoprepareapresent.C.Shewillhaveaprojecttoworkon.7.Whatticketdoesthewomandecidetobook?A.Amusicalplay. B.Acomedyshow. C.Arockconcert.【答案】6.B7.C【解析】【原文】M:Didyouseetheseholidaydeals,Wendy?W:NotreallyEric,I’vehadaprojectatwork.I’vebeenmeaningtohavealookformysister’sbirthday.Ithoughtaboutgettingherandherhusbandsometicketstoalocaltheatershow.I’mnotsurewhat’sontobehonest.Istheresomecomedyoramusical?M:I’mnotsureaboutcomedybutIheardthattherockconcertsareamazing!W:Iloverockmusic.Itgetscheaperthemoreyoubuy.M:Agroupticket,wecanallgo!听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】8.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Rentingacoach. B.Bookingahotel. C.Reschedulingaconference.9.Whyisthemanworried?A.Theymightgooverbudget.B.Thehotelroomsarenotbigenough.C.Theyhavetogetupearlyeveryday.【答案】8.B9.A【解析】【原文】M:Carol,Itriedtobooktheroomsforthewholeteamfortheconference,butallthehotelsintownarefull.W:Well,Iknowabiggerhotelabout20milesoutsidethecity.Letmecheckonlinefirst.I’msurethey’llhaveenoughroomsavailablefortheteam.M:Hmm.20miles?We’llhavetorentacoacheachdaysowemayendupgoingoverourtravelbudget.W:Actually,Ithinkwe’llbefine.Hotelslocatedoutsidethecitytendtobelessexpensive.Themoneywe’llbesavingonroomscanbeusedtorentacoach.Butwehavetogetupearliereveryday.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】10.WhatcanwelearnaboutJohn?A.Hehaschangedalot.B.Helookslikehisfather.C.Heislookingforaplacetolive.11.WhatdoesJohnworkfor?A.Anoverseasfirm.B.Hisfamilybusiness.C.Anexportingcompany.12.WhatisJohn’sopiniononhislifenow?A.Enjoyable. B.Difficult. C.Exciting.【答案】10.B11.B12.A【解析】【原文】M:Isthisyourson?Ihaven’tseenhimforalongtime.W:Yes,thatphotowastakenafewmonthsago.M:Johnhasn’tchangedabit.He’sthesameinappearanceashisfather,isn’the?W:Yes,heis.M:What’shedoingatthepresenttime?W:He’sdonethesameashisfatherdidandworksinthefamilyimportingbusiness.He’slivingoverseasatthemoment.M:Ohreally?Howdoeshelikeit?W:Itwasdifficultforhimatfirstbecausehehadtostartfromthebeginningwithouthelp,youknow,findingsomewheretoliveandmakingnewfriends.He’ssettleddownnowthoughandhelovesit.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】13.Whyistheeventorganized?A.Tomakemoney.B.Toencouragereading.C.Togiveawaybookstotheschool.14.Whoistheorganizeroftheevent?A.Theschool. B.Thewoman. C.Thelocalbookstores.15.Howwillthemanhelp?A.Bycollectingbooks.B.Byleadingabakesale.C.Bymakingalistofplaces.16.Wherewilltheeventbeheld?A.Atagym.B.Atalibrary.C.Atabookstore.【答案】13.C14.B15.A16.A【解析】【原文】W:Hey,I’morganizingabookdrive.I’mcollectingdonationsfromalloverthecity.M:What’sitfor?W:Theschoolhasalimitedbudgetforbooks,soIwanttohelpthemexpandtheirlibrary.IrememberhowlimitedourselectionwaswhenIwasthere.Iwanttogivethenewstudentsmoreopportunitieslearningandexploringnewsubjects.Thedrivewilldonateallthebookstotheschool.M:That’sgreat.CanIhelp?W:Thatwouldbegreat.Canyouhelpmecontactlocalbookstores,libraries,andindividualstoaskfordonations?M:Absolutely!W:Thanks.I’vemadealistofplaces.We’realsodoingabakesaleonthedaytoo.M:Icanhelpwiththat.Icansetupthetablesandprices.Wherearewedoingit?W:Theschool’sgym.It’sbigenoughtoholdthebooksandtables,andit’seasyforthecommunitytoaccess.Wecanputthebookdrop-offstationneartheentranceandhavethebakesaleareatowardsthebackofthegym.M:Great.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】17.Whatisthemuseumtryingtodo?A.Attractmorevisitors.B.Introducesomeartworks.C.Increasepeople’sappreciationofart.18.Whatprogramisavailableforchildren?A.Classesexploringart. B.Guestlectures. C.Workshops.19.Howcanvisitorslearnaboutartmovementsandtrends?A.Fromthestaff. B.Fromthelibrary. C.Fromtheclasses.20.Howmanydaysisthemuseumopeneachweek?A.Sixdays. B.Fivedays. C.Fourdays.【答案】17.C18.C19.B20.A【解析】【原文】W:WelcometotheMuseumofModernArt.Ourmuseumhousesoneofthemostimpressivecollectionsofmodernandcontemporaryartintheworld.Ourmissionistoinspirecreativityandpromoteunderstandingandenjoymentoftheartofourtimes.Ourcollectionincludespaintings,sculptures,photography,andvideoexhibitsfromaroundtheworld.WehaveclassicworksbyfamousartistssuchasPabloPicasso,FridaKahlo,andAndyWarhol,aswellasemergingartistswhoarepartofthelatestartmovements.Weofferavarietyofprogramsandevents.Ourfamilyprogramsaredesignedtoengagechildreninmeaningfulartexperiencesincludingtours,talks,andworkshops.Ouradultprogramsincludeclassesthatexploreartanditsimpactonsociety;additionally,guestlecturersanddiscussionswhenavailable.Theseprogramsareledbyourknowledgeablestaffandprovideinsightsintothecreativeprocessandtechniquesbehindtheworksofart.Wealsohavealibrarywithbooks,journals,andotherresourcesonmodernandcontemporaryart,availabletothepublicforresearchandstudy.Visitorscanusethelibrarytolearnabouttheartistsandtheirworksortodeepentheirunderstandingofartmovementsandtrends.OurmuseumisopeneverydayexceptTuesdays,andweofferfreeadmissiontoallvisitorsonWednesdaydaytimesandFridaysfrom5p.m.其次部分阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ANashvilleTNHistoricalToursGeneralJacksonShowboatLunch&DinnerCruisesAGeneralJacksonShowboatLunchorDinnerCruiseprovidesanamazingadventuretothosevisitingNashville,TN.ThisfamouspaddlewheelriverboattakesguestsviatheCumberlandRivertoviewtheNashvilleskylinetoenjoyarelaxingcruise(乘船巡游),livestageshow,anddeliciousdinner.TheGeneralJacksondinnercruiselastsapproximately2.5hours,whichisappropriateforallages.Thecruisepriceincludesamealandnon-alcoholicbeverage.Handicapcanbeaccessible.BothCamerasandVideoCamerasarepermitted.HatchShowPrintTourOnthisgreatguidedtour,you’lllearnaboutthehistoryofHatch.Thetourlastsabout45minutes.It’ssuitableforallages.Nobeveragewillbeoffered,soyouneedtotakeyourownhandicap.Hatchcreatedposterprintsforcircuses.Camerasarenotallowed.Itisatrulyimmersive(沉醉式的)experiencethatcombineshands-onfunwiththeinterestingandcolorfulHatchShow.CivilWarTour:TheBattleofFranklinBusTourFromvisitingthebattleofFranklintotheCarterHouseandCarntonPlantation,theCivilWarhistoricaltouroffersanin-depthlookintoboththeAmericanCivilWarandtheprevailingcultureoftheTennesseeareaduringthemid-19thcentury.Thetourlastsapproximately7hours.Thistourisalsoappropriateforallages.Handicapandcamerasarepermitted.TheRedneckComedyBusTourIfyouarelookingforatripthatshowsyouallofNashville’smostfamousandhistoricsiteswithoutbeingabore,theRedneckisforyou.Morningtoursare2hours.Afternoontoursare90minutes.TheChristmasadventureintheeveninglastsapproximately2hours.Allagesareappropriate.Handicapandcamerasarepermitted.21.Whichtourhasthelongesttraveltime?A.HatchShowPrintTour.B.TheRedneckComedyBusTour.C.CivilWarTour:TheBattleofFranklinBusTour.D.GeneralJacksonShowboatLunchDinnerCruises.22.Whatdothefourtourshaveincommon?A.Allofthemofferbeverage, B.Camerasandhandicaparepermitted.C.Appropriateforallages. D.Theyalloffernomeals.23.Wheredoesthispassagemostlikelycomefrom?A.Atravelbrochure, B.Atextbook.C.Areport. D.Amagazine.【答案】21.C22.C23.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。短文介绍了美国田纳西州纳什维尔的四个旅游景点。【21题详解】微小环节理解题。依据GeneralJacksonShowboatLunch&DinnerCruises中的“TheGeneralJacksondinnercruiselastsapproximately2.5hours”（杰克逊将军晚餐游船大约持续2.5小时）；依据HatchShowPrintTour中的“Thetourlastsabout45minutes.”（参观时间持续45分钟）；依据CivilWarTour:TheBattleofFranklinBusTour“Thetourlastsapproximately7hours.”（巡游时间持续约为7小时）依据TheRedneckComedyBusTour中的“Morningtoursare2hours.Afternoontoursare90minutes.TheChristmasadventureintheeveninglastsapproximately2hours.”（上午的巡游时间为2小时。下午的巡游时间为90分钟。晚上的圣诞冒险持续大约2个小时。）可知，CivilWarTour:TheBattleofFranklinBusTour.持续时间最长。故选C项。【22题详解】微小环节理解题。依据GeneralJacksonShowboatLunch&DinnerCruises中的“TheGeneralJacksondinnercruiselastsapproximately2.5hours,whichisappropriateforallages.”（杰克逊将军晚餐游船大约持续2.5小时，适合全部年龄段。）；依据HatchShowPrintTour中的“It’ssuitableforallages.”（它适合全部年龄的人）；依据CivilWarTour:TheBattleofFranklinBusTour中的“Thistourisalsoappropriateforallages.”（这个旅行也适合全部年龄的人）；依据TheRedneckComedyBusTour中的“Allagesareappropriate.”（适合全部年龄的人）可知，四个景点的共同点是适合全部年龄段的人。故选C项。23题详解】推理推断题。短文介绍了美国田纳西州纳什维尔的四个旅游景点。所以短文来自旅游手册。故选A项。BEdJackson’steamweretryingtoclimbtothetopofaHimalayanMountain.However,weeksaftertheysetoff,theywerestranded(滞留)thereovernightwithoutwater,foodortentsatatemperatureofabout-30℃.Theytookturnstokeepeachotherawakeincasetheyfellasleepanddidnotwakeupagain.Actually,thatnightonthemountaintopwasnotthefirsttimethatJacksonhadbeenclosetodeath.Fiveyearsago,whilestillaprofessionalrugbyplayer,Jacksonbrokehisneckinachallenge,whichnearlykilledhim.Jacksonwastoldbydoctorsthathewaslikelytofacelifeinawheelchair.Hewasforcedtoretirefromplayingrugby.Luckily,Jacksonmanagedtodiscardhiswheelchairsixmonthsaftertheaccident.Tomarkthefirstanniversaryofhisaccident,JacksonsethimselfthegoalofclimbingMountSnowdon,thehighestmountaininWales,eventhoughhewasstillusingtwocrutches(拐杖)then.Hetriedtoclimbmanyhighermountainsafterthat.Fouryearslater,hefoundhimselfintheHimalayas.ThechallengesthatJacksonfacedinthemountainshavehadagreatimpactonhisrecoverybothphysicallyandmentally.Jacksonrealizedthatothersmightbenefit,too.SohestartedthecharityMillimeterstoMountains(M2M)withhiswifeLoisandhisfriendOilyBarkley.Ittakesbeneficiaries(受益人)whohavesufferedphysicalorpsychologicalinjuriesinchallengesaroundtheworld,allowingthemtoaccessthehealingpowerofnature.Jacksonsays,“Ioncelosthopeinlifebecauseofmybadcondition,thinkingtherewasnothingIcoulddo.ButhopefullywhatI’mdoing,whatwe’redoingwiththecharityandwhatourbeneficiariesareprovingcangiveanyonethehopethattheycanturntheirlifearound,nomatterhowdiscouragingitmightseematthatmoment.”24.Whatdothefirsttwoparagraphsmainlytalkabout?A.Jacksonwastiredofballgames.B.Jacksonwasnostrangertosufferinginlife.C.Jacksonwaswellrespectedforhissurvivalskills.D.Jacksonwasadvisedtodoexercisebyhisdoctors.25.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“discard”probablymeaninthethirdparagraph?A.Giveup. B.Relyon. C.Tearapart. D.Carrythrough.26.WhydidJacksonstartM2M?A.Toeducatesportslovers. B.Toraisemoneyforthedisabled.C.Toencouragesafemountainclimbing. D.Tohelppeoplewithsimilarexperiences.27.WhatkindofpersonisJacksonprobably?A.Enthusiasticandindependent. B.Creativeandaggressive.C.Adventurousandinspiring. D.Responsibleandhumorous.【答案】24.B25.A26.D27.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了EdJackson，一个勇于冒险的人，他在冒险中面临的挑战对他的身体和精神复原都产生了巨大的影响，并且创办了慈善组织M2M，帮助有类似阅历的人。【24题详解】主旨大意题。依据第一段中“EdJackson’steamweretryingtoclimbtothetopofaHimalayanMountain.However,weeksaftertheysetoff,theywerestranded(滞留)thereovernightwithoutwater,foodortentsatatemperatureofabout-30℃.(EdJackson的团队正试图爬上喜马拉雅山的山顶。然而，在动身几周后，他们被困在那里过夜，没有水，没有食物，也没有帐篷，气温约为零下30℃。)”和其次段中“Actually,thatnightonthemountaintopwasnotthefirsttimethatJacksonhadbeenclosetodeath.(事实上，在山顶的那个晚上并不是Jackson第一次与死神擦肩而过。)”可知，前两段主要讲解并描述Jackson阅历的磨难，即Jackson对生活中的苦难并不生疏。故选B。【25题详解】词义揣测题。画线词前所在的下一句“Tomarkthefirstanniversaryofhisaccident,JacksonsethimselfthegoalofclimbingMountSnowdon,thehighestmountaininWales,eventhoughhewasstillusingtwocrutches(拐杖)then.(为了纪念他的事故一周年，Jackson给自己定下了攀登威尔士最高的山峰斯诺登山的目标，尽管当时他还拄着两根拐杖。)可知，Jackson不需再运用轮椅了，故划线词所在句意思是“幸运的是，Jackson在事故发生六个月后设法丢弃了他的轮椅。”所以划线词discard意为“抛弃”，与动词短语giveup同义，故选A。【26题详解】微小环节理解题。依据倒数其次段中“ThechallengesthatJacksonfacedinthemountainshavehadagreatimpactonhisrecoverybothphysicallyandmentally.Jacksonrealizedthatothersmightbenefit,too.SohestartedthecharityMillimeterstoMountains(M2M)withhiswifeLoisandhisfriendOilyBarkley.Ittakesbeneficiaries(受益人)whohavesufferedphysicalorpsychologicalinjuriesinchallengesaroundtheworld,allowingthemtoaccessthehealingpowerofnature.”(Jackson在山上面临的挑战对他的身体和精神的复原都产生了很大的影响。Jackson意识到其他人也可能从中受益。因此，他与妻子Lois和挚友OilyBarkley一起创办了慈善机构M2M。它让那些在世界各地的挑战中遭遇身体或心理损害的人成为受益者，让他们获得自然的治愈力气。)”可知，Jackson创办M2M是为了帮助有类似阅历的人。故选D。【27题详解】推理推断题。依据第一段中“EdJackson’steamweretryingtoclimbtothetopofaHimalayanMountain.(EdJackson的团队正试图爬上喜马拉雅山的山顶)”，第三段中的“Tomarkthefirstanniversaryofhisaccident,JacksonsethimselfthegoalofclimbingMountSnowdon,thehighestmountaininWales,eventhoughhewasstillusingtwocrutches(拐杖)then.(为了纪念他的事故一周年，Jackson给自己定下了攀登威尔士最高的山峰斯诺登山的目标，尽管当时他还拄着两根拐杖。)以及最终一段中“Jacksonsays,“Ioncelosthopeinlifebecauseofmybadcondition,thinkingtherewasnothingIcoulddo.ButhopefullywhatI’mdoing,whatwe’redoingwiththecharityandwhatourbeneficiariesareprovingcangiveanyonethehopethattheycanturntheirlifearound,nomatterhowdiscouragingitmightseematthatmoment.”(杰克逊说：“我曾经因为身体状况不好而对生活失去希望，觉得自己无能为力。但希望我所做的，我们与慈善机构所做的，以及我们的受益者所证明的，可以给任何人带来希望，让他们能够变更自己的生活，不管那一刻看起来多么令人懊丧。”)”可知，EdJackson是一个勇于冒险且鼓舞人心的人。故选C。CMostpeoplefindsugarhardtoresist.Ourbrainsneedlotsofenergyandsugaryfoodsprovideplentyofit.Butwhencaloriesaretooreadilyavailable,itiseasytooverdoit.Therehasbeennoshortageofresearchonsugarreplacementswithoutthecalories,butevidencefromanimalandhumanstudieshaslinkedsometoweightgain.OnepromisingalternativeisfoundinthefruitofSynsepalumdulcificum(奇迹果),aplantnativetoWestAfrica.Theseso-calledmiracleberriesdon’ttastesugarythemselves,butifyoutrysomethingsourafterwardsitwilltasteunusuallysweet.InBenin,thefruitiseatenfreshandismostlyusedasasweetenertohavewithsourfoodsanddrinks,saysDedeoufromauniversityinBenin.Theberrywithmiraculin(奇迹果蛋白)isveryappreciatedbylocalconsumers,especiallythekidsandpeoplewithdiabetes(糖尿病).Despitethemiracleberry’spromiseasasugarreplacement,itisonlyproducedonalimitedscaleandisn’tavailableworldwide.Theberriesdon’ttravelwellandtheplantisslowtogrow.Tocreateanalternativesourceofmiraculin,researchersattheUniversityofTsukubainJapanhavegeneticallyengineeredtomatoestoproducetheprotein,butthisisn’tnecessary,saysTchokponhouewhoseteamisworkingtohelpenlargetheproductionofmiracleberriesinWestAfrica.Earlierthisyear,ateamatHainanUniversityinChinapublishedthegenome(基因图谱)ofSynsepalumdulcificum,whichmayhelp.Spanishstart-upBaiaFoodhasplanstopromotesustainablegrowthoftheplantinGhanaandmarketthedriedberries.Youcanordertabletsoffreeze-driedmiracleberriesonlinebuttheyarepricey,costingaround£18forapackof10.Ifyoucanaffordit,theberry’staste-twistingpowerisfuntotryathome.Letthetabletmeltonyourtongue,thentrytastingacidicfoodssuchaslemons.Theeffectshouldlastbetween15and60minutes.28.WhatdoweknowaboutSynsepalumdulcificum?A.Itcontainshighcalories.B.Itisrelatedtoweightgain.C.Ittastesunusuallysweet.D.Itservesasasugarreplacement29.Whatisparagraph4mainlyabout?A.Effortsmadetoobtainmoremiraculin.B.GenomepublishedtohelpdotheresearchC.Creationadvocatedtoproducemiracleberries.D.Transformationsperformedtoengineertomatoes30.Whatcanwesayabouttabletsoffreeze-driedmiracleberries?A.Theyaresour. B.TheyareinexpensiveC.Theyareaccessible D.Theyareproductive.31.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetogettingthesugaralternative?A.Doubtful. B.Optimistic. C.Defensive. D.Conservative.【答案】28.D29.A30.C31.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。探讨表明，原产于西非的奇迹果有望成为糖的替代品。本文还介绍了一些国家为创建奇迹果蛋白的替代来源而做出的努力。【28题详解】微小环节理解题。依据第一段最终一句“Theseso-calledmiracleberriesdon’ttastesugarythemselves,butifyoutrysomethingsourafterwardsitwilltasteunusuallysweet.(这些所谓的奇迹浆果本身尝起来并不含糖，但假如你事后尝试一些酸的东西，它的味道会异样甜。)”以及第三段“Despitethemiracleberry’spromiseasasugarreplacement,itisonlyproducedonalimitedscaleandisn’tavailableworldwide.(尽管奇迹果有望成为糖的替代品，但它的生产规模有限，而且不在全球范围内销售。)”可知，奇迹果可以替代糖。故选D。【29题详解】主旨大意题。依据第四段“Tocreateanalternativesourceofmiraculin,researchersattheUniversityofTsukubainJapanhavegeneticallyengineeredtomatoestoproducetheprotein,butthisisn’tnecessary…Earlierthisyear,ateamatHainanUniversityinChinapublishedthegenome(基因图谱)ofSynsepalumdulcificum,whichmayhelp.(为了创建奇迹果蛋白的替代来源，日本Tsukuba高校的探讨人员对西红柿进行了基因工程改造，以生产这种蛋白质，但这不是必要的……今年早些时候，中国海南高校的一个团队发表了硬骨合瓣的基因组，这可能会有所帮助。)”可知，第4段的主要介绍了为获得更多奇迹蛋白所做的努力。故选A。【30题详解】微小环节理解题。依据最终一段“Youcanordertabletsoffreeze-driedmiracleberriesonlinebuttheyarepricey,costingaround£18forapackof10.(你可以在网上订购冷冻干燥的奇迹果片，但价格昂贵，每包10片售价约18英镑。)”可知，干的奇迹果片是可以买到的。故选C。【31题详解】推理推断题。依据倒数其次段“Earlierthisyear,ateamatHainanUniversityinChinapublishedthegenome(基因图谱)ofSynsepalumdulcificum,whichmayhelp.(今年早些时候，中国海南高校的一个团队发表了硬骨合瓣的基因组，这可能会有所帮助。)”以及最终一段“Spanishstart-upBaiaFoodhasplanstopromotesustainablegrowthoftheplantinGhanaandmarketthedriedberries.(西班牙初创企业BaiaFood支配在加纳促进该工厂的可持续发展，并销售干浆果。)”可知，作者对获得替代糖持乐观看法。故选B。DThefour-dayworkweek’smomenthasarrived.Withanewproposaloflegislation(立法)inAmericatoreducethestandardworkweekfrom40to32hoursawarenessofashorterworkweek—andenthusiasmforit—isgaining.Andsoisthedoubtaroundit.InitialdoubtisreasonablesinceAmericanworkculturehasbeenfoundedonconstantworkingandexpectationsforoverachievement.However,iftherewereeveratimefortransformingthinking,thisisit.Thechallengesoverthepastyearshavestrengthenedourmusclesofadaptation.Andthenewpracticeofworkingfromhomeprovedthatwecanadjustquicklytochangingconditions.Four-dayworkweekpilots(试点)areemergingacrosstheglobe,withsomecompaniesnowdecidingtoadoptthepolicypermanently.MicrosoftJapanandKickstarterrepresentjustthegrowingnumberoforganizationsexploringthefour-dayworkweek.Supporterscitemanybenefits,includingimprovedphysicalandmentalhealth,increasedgenderequityandpositiveenvironmentalimpacts.Itiseasytoimaginewhatwemightdowithanadditionalday-off-spendtimewithfamilyandfriends,pursueahobby,sleep.Pilotfindingsshowincreasedproductivityaswell.Manyinfavorofthefour-dayworkweekanticipateamorefulfilledcommunity.Someleaderswillseetheresearchandbelievethatapilotisworthwhile.Otherswillresisttheidea.Theyweretaughtthatfacetimewithemployeesistheonlywaytoensureaccountability(责任心)andproductivity.Lessfacetimecanfeellikealossofcontrol.Whileeachorganizationwillneedtofindwhatworksforthem,doingsocanbeaproductiveexercise.Leaderscanletemployeesworkoutthedetailsratherthan“solving”thechallengefromthetopdown.PerpetualGuardianaskedemployeestoproposetheirownproductivitymeasures,includinghowtoincreaseproductivityandarrangeshifts.Awin,atechfirm,saw80employeesvolunteerfortaskforcestoensurethattheirswitchtoafour-dayworkweekwentsmoothly.32.WhyareAmericansdoubtfulaboutthenewworkweekpractice?A.Therearelimitedlegislationproposalsforit.B.ItchallengesAmericanworkvalue.C.Itgoesbeyondtheirstandardworkweek.D.Therearefewpilotsforitacrosstheglobe.33.Whatisparagraph2mainlydiscussing?A.Americanworkculture.B.Challengesofthenewpractice.C.Detailsofthenewworkweekpilots.D.Thepossibilityofadoptingthenewpractice.34.Whatcanbeachievedbythenewpractice?A.Amorehealthyandefficientsociety.B.Diversityoforganizationmanagement.C.Increasedsenseofresponsibility.D.Morechoicesofcommunityservices.35.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestleadersdo?A.Handlethechallengesfromthetopdown.B.Allowtheemployeestotrythenewpractice.C.Workoutdetailedsolutionsfortheorganization.D.Developmorewaystomeasureproductivity.【答案】32.B33.D34.A35.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。介绍了新的四小时工作周新惯例在社会上引起的怀疑，支持和试点等状况。【32题详解】推理推断题。依据其次段第一句“InitialdoubtisreasonablesinceAmericanworkculturehasbeenfoundedonconstantworkingandexpectationsforoverachievement.(最初的怀疑是合理的，因为美国的工作文化建立在不断工作和对超额成就的期望之上。)”可知，美国的工作文化其价值观是“不断工作，超额成就”，而新的工作周惯例是四天制，这与其原有价值观相违反，因此美国人怀疑这一新的工作制度。故选B项。【33题详解】主旨大意题。依据其次段其次句“However,iftherewereeveratimefortransformingthinking,thisisit.(然而，假如曾经有过转变思维的时候，那就是现在了。)”可知，作者认为现在是时候转变原有思维，即原有的工作文化价值观。故可推想本段主要讲解并描述转变思维，适应新的惯例的可能性。故选D项。【34题详解】微小环节理解题。依据第四段第一句“Supporterscitemanybenefits,includingimprovedphysicalandmentalhealth,increasedgenderequityandpositiveenvironmentalimpacts.(支持者列举了很多好处，包括改善身心健康、增加性别同等和主动的环境影响。)”和第三句“Pilotfindingsshowincreasedproductivityaswell.(试验结果表明，生产率也有所提高。)”可知，新的工作时长惯例能够促进身心健康，也能够提高生产效率，因此整个社会将会更加高效。故选A项。【35题详解】推理推断题。依据最终一段二三句“Leaderscanletemployeesworkoutthedetailsratherthan“solving”thechallengefromthetopdown.PerpetualGuardianaskedemployeestoproposetheirownproductivitymeasures,includinghowtoincreaseproductivityandarrangeshifts.(领导者可以让员工解决微小环节问题，而不是自上而下地“解决”挑战。新西兰最大的慈善服务私人机构PerpetualGuardian要求员工提出自己的生产力措施，包括如何提高生产力和支配轮班。)”可知，领导者要让员工自己解决微小环节问题，且以PerpetualGuardian为例，进一步指出员工自己可以提出自己的生产力措施，即老板应当允许员工自己践行一些新实践。故选B项。其次节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。HowCanIFightLaziness?Lazypeoplewillnevergainanythinginlife.However,lazinesscanbedefeatedonceafewchangeshavebeenmadeinyourmind.___36___Manypeoplelacksleepconstantly,sincetheystayuptoolateandgetuptooearlytoprepareforwork.Thesepeoplehavelittlemotivationoncetheyarrivehome.Lazinessworkshandinhandwithalackofmotivationandatendencytoputoffthings.Byadjustingyoursleepscheduletoprovideafewmorehoursofmeaningfulrest,youcanfightlazinessthroughouttheday.Anotherwaytofightlazinessistochangeyourmindfrompassivetoactive.Somepeopletreattheirlivesasiftheywerepushedfromtasktotask.Otherstakeamorepositiveapproach,viewingeachtaskasachallengetheymustovercomealone.____37____Somepeoplefightlazinessremovingthetemptationsthatsurroundthem.Atelevisioninthelivingroommayprovideentertainment,butwatchingtoomuchTVoftencontributestolaziness.____38____Completeafewtasksandrewardyourselfwithwhatyouenjoy,suchasagooddinnerorafilm.Lazinesscanalsobealastingproblemathome.Couplesandchildrenmayallhavedifferentenergylevels,butlazinesscanbespreadifnotdealwithimmediately.____39____Bethefirsttocollectandwashdishesafterameal.Othersinthehomemayeventuallyfollowyourexampleandperformtheirowntask.Itisdifficulttopracticelazinesswhenyouaresurroundedbymotivatedpeople.____40____Enoughexerciseandabalanceddietcanhelpyoutodevelopahealthylifestyle,thusenablingyoutohavemoreenergyandhelpliftyourspirits.A.Tofightfamilylaziness,setanexample.B.Knowinghowtofightlazinessisimportant.C.Onewaytofightlazinessistogetenoughsleep.D.Finally,takingexerciseregularlycanhelpyoufightlaziness.E.Withstrongdetermination,youwillbeabletoachieveyourgoal.F.Createarewardsystemforyourself,justasparentsdoforachild.G.Lazinessappearswhenyounolongerfeelinchargeofyourownmind.【答案】36.C37.G38.F39.A40.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇