超详解析：山西省太原市2024年高三年级模拟考试英语试题（一）

超详解析：山西省太原市2024年高三年级模拟考试（一）英语试卷山西：冯瑞前言：敬爱的老师，亲爱的同学们：大家好！2024年太原高三英语模拟考试一符合深化考试内容改革、落实立德树人根本任务。顺应德智体美劳全面考查的内容体系；注重考查学生的必备知识、关键能力和学科素养；引导培养探索性、创新性思维品质；增强了试题的应用性、探究性、开放性。在此我将从【语篇类型】、【主题语境】、【命题意图】、【全文翻译】、【答案与解析】等方面对这份题进行详细的分析，希望大家喜欢、希望对大家有所帮助。Preface:Hello,belovedteachersanddearfellowstudents!TaiyuanSeniorThreeEnglishModeOnein2024isinlinewiththereformofdeepeningtheexamcontentandimplementingthefundamentaltaskofmoraleducation.Itadaptstothecontentsystemofcomprehensiveexaminationofmorality,intelligence,sports,aestheticsandlabor;focusesonexaminingstudents'necessaryknowledge,keyabilitiesandsubjectliteracy;guidesandcultivatesstudents'exploratoryandinnovativethinkingqualities;enhancestheapplicability,inquiryandopennessofthequestions.HereIwillmakeadetailedanalysisofthisexamfromtheaspectsof[texttype],[themecontext],[propositionintention],[fulltexttranslation],[answersandanalysis],hopingthatyouwilllikeitanditwillbehelpfultoyou.山西太原市2024年高三年级模拟考试（一）英语试卷（考试时间：下午3:00—5:00）本试卷采用闭卷、笔试形式。试卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟。注意事项∶1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力(共两节,满分30分)做题时,先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后,你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.5B.￡9.18C.￡9.15答案是CWhoisthemanmostprobablyspeakingto?A.Apostalclerk B.Abusconductor. C.Ashopassistant.2.Howdothespeakersfindthemovie?A.Unforgettable. B.Complicated. C.Appealing.3.Whatwillthemanprobablydonext?A.Gotosleep. B.Drinksomecoffee. C.Prepareforhispresentation4.Wheredoestheconversationmostprobablytakeplace?A.Atahotel. B.Attheairport C.Inabookingoffice.5.WhatisSallylikenow?A.Sheisoverweight. B.Sheisingoodshape. C.Sheisinpoorhealth.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)

听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中做给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whydoesthewomanrefusetogooutwiththemantonight?A.Shecan’tunderstandSpanish.B.Shedoesn’treallylikedancing.C.Sheworriesaboutbeinglateforthefestival.7.Wherewillthespeakersgotomorrow?A.Totheman'shome. B.TotheCityTheatre. C.Tothedowntowncenter.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.WhydidBobmakethecall?A.Toaskforleave. B.Toextendanapology. C.Tomakeanappointment9.WhatisthereasonforBobnotcontactingPenny?A.HeforgottocallPenny.B.Hefailedtogetthrough.C.Hewasbusywithextrawork.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。Whywillsandwichesandsnacksbeserved?A.Theguestscanhavemorechoices.B.Theyaretypicalfoodfortheoccasion.C.Theygiveguestschancestocommunicatefreely.11.Whatdoesthewomansayaboutthenewsupermarket?A.Itoffersbigdiscounts.B.Itsellsallkindsofdrinks.C.Itisquiteclosetoherhouse.12.WhatwillPauldofortheparty?A.Makeacall. B.Bringhisspeakers. C.Sendoutinvitations.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.Whydoesthemanchoosetotakeaneveningcourse?A.Itlastsmuchlonger.B.Hepreferssmallerclasses.C.Hehastoworkduringtheday.14.Whatisthescheduleoftheeveningcourse?A.Itwillendat10pm. B.Itwilllastforaweek. C.ItwillendafterChristmas.15.Whatdoesthemanhavetodobeforetakingthecourse?A.Learnanewlanguage. B.Learndataprocessing. C.Buysomecomputersoftware.16.Whatinformationdoesthemangetattheendoftheconversation?A.Howmuchtopay. B.Wheretoregister. C.Whattobring.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。WhatbusinessdoesMiltontakeupinAmerica?A.Financing B.Housekeeping. C.Cooking.18.Whydidheadvertisehisbusinessontheradio?A.Itwascheaper. B.Ithadagreaterinfluence. C.Itattractedmorecustomers.19.WhatcontributestothesuccessofMr.Angelino’sbusiness? A.Thegoodlocation. B.Thecompetitiveprice. C.Thepleasantatmosphere.20.Whatisthepurposeofthisspeech?A.Togiveadvice. B.Toadvertisearestaurant. C.Tocomplainaboutthehardlife.【参考答案】1~5ABAAB6~10CCBCC11~15ABCAB16~20BCACA【听力录音】英语听力材料(Text1)W:Goodmorning,Sir.WhatcanIdoforyou?M:Well,I’mgoingtosendthispackagetoLondon.What’sthepostageforit?W:Letmeweighit.It’sonepoundandfifty.(Text2)W:HaveyouseenthemovieTheDeparted？TheplotissodifficultthatIreallygotlost.M:Yeah，Ifeelthesame.Icouldn’tputonthepiecestogetheruntilIsawitasecondtime.(Text3)W:Howaboutjoiningmeforacupofcoffee?M:I’dloveto,butI’mexhausted.Iwasuptill3thismorning,preparingformypresentationthisFriday.W:Oh,Isee.Whatasoundsleep!M:Nothingcouldbebetter.(Text4)W:Thesystemshowsthatthereisnoreservationforyou,Sir.M:Butmysecretarysaidthatshehadreservedaroomformehere.Shesawmeattheairportthismorning.W:Don’tworry,Sir.Ourmanagerovertherewillhandlethis.Oneminute.(Text5)W:IranintoSallytheotherday.Icouldhardlyrecognizeher.Doyourememberher?M:Yeah,shewasalittleoutofshapebackthen.Well,hasshelostalotofweight?W:Definately.Totallybeyondmyimagination.(Text6)M:Hi,Lisa,doyoufeellikegoingouttonight?W:Yeah,whynot!What’son?M:ThereisaSpanishdancefestivalat7:30pmintheCityTheatrer.W:Oh,Ilovedancing,butitisabitaboverushandwemaynotmakeit.M:Whataboutwatchingacomedyateighto’clockinthedowntowncentertomorrowevening?W:Excellent.M:I’llpickyouupatyourhome.Seeyoutomorrow.(Text7)W:Hello,Bob!Receiveyouvoicefinally.M:Hi,Penny!I’msorryforbreakingourpromiseyesterday.Iwasaksedtoworkextrahours.W:Well,Isee.Butanyway,youshouldhavegivenmyacall.M:Imeantto,butIwasabouttocallwhenthemanageraskedmetofinishareport.Iwastotallytiedup.W:I’mreallysorry,Penny.(Text8)W:Ha!I’vegotinvitationshere.Solet’sdiscussthepreparationsforthepartyonSaturday.Whattimedoesitstart?M:Howabout6:00pm?Thenwe’llhavethewholeafternoontopreparefoodanddrinks.W:Ithinkso.Whatfoodshallweprovide?M:Well.Wecanpreparesomesandwichesandsnackssothatpeoplecanjusthelpthemselves.W:It’sbettertoletpeoplewalkandtalkaroundastheyplease.M:Goodidea.I’llgotothesupermarkettogetsomedrinks.:W:OK.Ihearthatthenewsupermarketontheothersideofthetownofferssomebigdiscounts.M:Really,thatsoundsgreatandremindPaultobringhisspeakerssothatwecanplaysomemusic.W:OK.I’llcallhimrightnow.(Text9)W:Hello,AdmissionOffice,mayIhelpyou?M:Yes.I’mlookingforinformationoncoursesincomputerprogamminthissemester.W:Doyouwantadayoreveningcourse?Thesizeoftheeveningclassissmaller.M:AneveningcoursepleasesinceIworkduringtheday.W:Ahha,ItwillbearrangedeveryMondayeveningsatseveno’clock.lasting3hoursandwillbefinishedbeforeChristmasM:Isee.IsthereanyrequirementbeforeItakethecourse?DoIneedtolearnacomputerlanguageorbuysomecomputersoftware?W:Notnecessarily,butyouhavetotakedataprocessingfirst.M:OK,whatelsedoIneedtoknow?W:Don’tforgettheregistration.It’sonSept.2ndinFrostHall.M:Thanksverymuch.Goodbye! .(Text10)MHello,everyone!I’mMeltonAngelenoandI’mreallyexcitedtosharemyexperienceofstudyingabusinessinAmerica.IcametotheUnitesStates6yearsagoafterquitingmyjobasabankclerk.AndIstartedoffwithasmallrestaurant.Ididallthecookingmyselfandmywifehandledthechores.Mycookingisgreat.Andwordgotaroundtownaboutmycookingskills.Itwasreallytoomuchworkfortwopeople.Whenthatrestaurantbecameverybusy,Idecidedtoexpandmybusiness.Idon’thaveanyTVcommercialsbecausetheyaretooexpensive.ButIadvertisealotontheradioandIalwaysputcustomersinmindandmakethediningatmosphereascomfortableandpleasantasIcansothattheywillwanttocomeback.Hopefullymyadvicewillbehefpfultoyou.Thankyou!（听力原文是我听录音记下来的，如有不对的地方请纠正）第二部分阅读理解(共两节,满分60分)第一节(共15小题;每小题3分,满分45分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A,B.C和D四n个选项中,选出最佳选项。答案写在答题卡上。ATHISSTREETISOPENFORPLAYConcernedaboutoutdoorplayincrowdedcities?Startaplaystreet-acommunityeventwhereneighborsclosetheirroadtotraffic,creatingasafespaceforchildrentoplay.Thisinitiativeallowskidsandadultstoexplore,createandsocialize,which,undoubtedly,willbringthebondsbetweenneighborstoanewheight.Comparedtostructuredplayswithstrictrulesandfixedprocedures,aplaystreetallowschildrentolead,establishrulesandgetinvolvedinanopen-endedactivitywithoutspecificinstructions,methodsorgoals.GettingStarted:1.Hostameetingtodiscussbenefitsandencourageinvolvement.Chooseaneventdateandassigntaskstotheneighbors.2.Reachouttocitycouncilsfornecessarypermitstoclosetheroad.Ignoringthiswillleadtothecancellationofthewholeplan.3.Useposters,flyers,andsocialmediatospreadtheword.Usethesepromotionmeanstoinformresidentsofthedate,timeandactivitiesplannedfortheplaystreet.4.Setupbarriersforsafety,provideequipmentandencourageneighbors'’participation.WhattoExpect:●GameAreas:Avarietyofplayequipmenttailoredforkids,suchasjumpropes,balls,chalkfordrawing,hulahoopsandotheroutdoorgames.●SwappingCorner:Aplacewheremomscanbringunwanteditemssuchaskitchenware,gardeningtoolsorotherhouseholdgoodstoexchangewitheachother.●ArtsandCraftsSeating:Artsandcraftsseatingwithmaterialslikepaper,markers,crayons,paintsandbrushes.Childrenareencouragedtogetcreativeandexpressthemselvesthroughart.●SnackandRefreshmentStation:Lightrefreshmentslikewater,juice,fruitandhealthysnackstokeepmixed-ageparticipantsenergized.Apotlucktosharehomemadetreatsandrecipes.21.Whatisthepurposeof“aplaystreet”?A.Topreventtrafficjams.B.Tostrengthencommunitybonds.C.Toexplorekids'artisticpotential.D.Toinvolvechildreninstructuredplays.22.Whatisamusttoholdtheevent?A.RaisingfundsB.Announcinginstructions.C.Postingthesafetyregulations.D.Askingforauthorities'approval.23.Whichactivityisintendedforbothkidsandadults?A.GameAreas. B.ArtsandCraftsSeating.C.SwappingComer. D.SnackandRefreshmentStation.btlnru阅读理解A语篇类型：应用文主题语境：人与自我---社区活动---相关事宜。【文章大意】介绍了LondonPlay组织开展社区游戏街活动的相关事项。【答案与解析】21-23：BDD21.B【命题意图】考查细节理解题。根据题干：Whatisthepurposeof“aplaystreet”?锁定到：Startaplaystreet-acommunityevent以及：which,undoubtedly,willbringthebondsbetweenneighborstoanewheight.方法是：看community和bonds这两个相关的地方。故B为正确选项。22.D【命题意图】考查细节理解题。Reachouttocitycouncilsfornecessarypermits.(向市议会申请必要的许可)其中的citycouncils与选项D中的authorities’sapproval（当局的批准）相吻合，故选D。23.D【命题意图】.考查细节理解题。Whichactivityisintendedforbothkidsandadults?定位到：●SnackandRefreshmentStation:中的：fruitandhealthysnackstokeepmixed-ageparticipantsenergized.故D为正确选项。【重点词汇】initiativen.主动性；主动精神；倡议；主动权proceduren.程序，手续；工序，过程，步骤；诉讼程序，（议会的）议事程序；〈罕〉进行flyern.飞鸟；飞行物；飞行员；传单Promotionn.促进，增进；提升，升级；（商品等的）推广；发扬tailoredfor定制的swapn.交换；交换物，被掉换者vi.交换（工作）vt.用…替换，把…换成，掉换（过来）kitchenwaren.厨房用具；饮具；炊具markern.标识，标记；记号笔，阅卷人；防守队员；特征crayonn.彩色蜡笔或粉笔energizevt.加强，给与…以活力；使活跃；[物]给与…能量，给与…电压potluckn.家常便饭；运气approval.n.赞成；认可；通过；赞许；试用【难句翻译】Thisinitiativeallowskidsandadultstoexplore,createandsocialize,which,undoubtedly,willbringthebondsbetweenneighborstoanewheight.(这一倡议让孩子和成年人能够探索、创造和社交，毫无疑问，这将把邻居之间的纽带带到一个新的高度。)【A篇参考译文】这条街是开放的担心在拥挤的城市户外玩耍吗?创建一个游戏街——一个社区活动，让邻居们关闭他们的道路，为孩子们创造一个安全的玩耍空间。这一举措允许孩子和成年人探索，创造和社交，这无疑将把邻居之间的联系带到一个新的高度。与有严格规则和固定程序的结构化游戏相比，游戏街允许孩子们领导，建立规则并参与开放式活动，没有特定的指示，方法或目标。开始:1.主持一个会议，讨论利益并鼓励参与。选择一个事件日期并将任务分配给邻居。2.向市议会申请必要的封路许可。忽视这一点将导致整个计划的取消。3.使用海报、传单和社交媒体来传播信息。利用这些宣传手段，让居民了解游戏街的日期、时间和活动计划。4.设置安全屏障，提供设备，鼓励邻居参与。期待什么:●游戏区:为孩子们量身定制的各种游乐设备，如跳绳、球、粉笔、呼啦圈等户外游戏。●交换角:妈妈们可以把不需要的东西，比如厨房用具、园艺工具或其他家庭用品带到这里来互相交换。●工艺美术座椅:用纸、马克笔、蜡笔、颜料和刷子等材料制作的工艺美术座椅。孩子们被鼓励发挥创造力，通过艺术来表达自己。●小吃和茶点站:提供水、果汁、水果和健康小吃等小吃，让混合年龄的参与者保持精力充沛。分享自制美食和食谱的聚餐。21.“游戏街”的目的是什么?A.防止交通堵塞。 B.加强社区联系。C.发掘孩子的艺术潜能。 D.让孩子参与有组织的游戏。22.举办赛事必须具备哪些条件?A.筹集资金 B.宣布指令。 C.张贴安全规定。 D.请求当局的批准。23.哪项活动既适合孩子也适合成年人？A.游戏区域。B.手工座位区。 C.交换角。 D.小吃和茶点站。【阅读B原文】BItwasnotuntilphotographerRitaNanninileftNewYorkthatshegrewfascinatedbythecity'ssubways.WhilelivinginManhattanforsome15yearsinthe1980sandearly1990s,Nanninionlycommuted(通勤)ontheonetrain----giventhesubwaysystem'sbadreputation.ButafterrelocatingtoNewJerseyforseveralyearswheresubwayisnotanoption,Nanninifoundthatabsencedidmaketheheartgrowfonder-maybeevenforpizzarats.DuringhervisitbacktoNewYork,Nannininodded,noticingimprovementsinthesubway'sfacilities.WhileNanniniwaswaitingforatrain,abenchontheplatformoppositecaughtherattentionduetotheeverchangingfacesandcharacters.Theywerepeopleofdifferentaccents,colorsandbeliefs.Theywerefromallwalksoflife,adiversemixofNewYorkersalltherefortheirowndifferentreasons.Havinglearnedtheteenagers’popular“EndoftheLine”challenge-boardingtrainsatrandomandridingthemuntiltheirfinaldestination;NanninidecidedtovisiteveryfirstandlaststopacrosstheNYsubway'slineswithherbelovedcamera.Nannini’s“EndoftheLine”experiencesawhertravelingsome665milesacross26routesinNewYorkcity.Shetookover8,000photosofthefinalstations,aswellasthecommunitiestheyserved.Inmanycases,sherodetheroutestwoorthreetimesovertoensureshegot"theshot”."Theprojectreallyshowsmehowimportantthesubwayis,andhowsustainableitmakesourlives,"shesaid"It’softensaidthatmyphotosshowtheendofthelines-thelaststops,”shesaid."Buttheendofthelineisindeedthestartforsomanypeople.Thatmademethinkaboutwhothepeopleandthecommunitiesthatliveatthetwoendsareandwhatitisthatthesubwaymeanstothem."Nanniniwasproudofhersetofimagesdirectlychallengingthetraditionsofstorytelling,whichechoedboththeboredomandexcitementoftravelontracks.Nanninienjoyedtakinghertime,startingherchallengein2013andonlyshootingthefinalphotoslastyear.HerfirstmonographontheterminalstopsoftheNYsubwaywasreleasedinApril2023."Whenyoudriveinthesuburbs,youdon’thavethoseencounters,"shecontinued.“Peopleenteryourlifeonthesubway.That'swhatstrikesmemostonmyjouneyontracks.'24.HowdidNanninifindtheNewYorksubwayduringherrevisit?A.IttumedoutfineB.ItwasdepressingC.Itstillheldthesamebadreputation.D.Itwouldbeheronlycommutingoption.25.Whatisparagraph2mainlyabout?A.ThediversityofNewYorkers’dailylife.B.TheinspirationforNannini'ssubwayshotsC.Thepopularityof“EndoftheLine”challenge.D.ThechallengesofNannini’sjobasaphotographer26.WhatcanweinferfromNannini’s“EndoftheLine”experience?A.Herwayoftellingstoriesistraditional.B.Sheexpressedsympathyforthesubwayriders.C.Herphotographyishighlyexpectedbytheencounters.D.Shefoundlifeontrackswasmoreinterestingthanlifeonwheels.27.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A.“EndoftheLine”Challenge:ANewTrendinNYSubwaysB.TheRoadHome:RitaNannini'sRecordofherSubwayRideC.LastStoptoNewStart:APhotographer'sRediscoveryofNYSubwaysD.NewYorkers'Routine:ASurprisingMixtureofBoredomandExcitement阅读理解：B语篇类型：记叙文主题语境：人与社会---重回故地---行为及认识【文章大意】讲述了摄影师丽塔·南尼尼重返纽约后对地铁始发站和终点站拍照的经历及其感慨--这是一个离不开人的社会。【答案与解析】24-27：ABDC24.A【命题意图】考查推理判断题。根据第一段中的：Nanninionlycommuted(通勤)ontheonetrain----giventhesubwaysystem'sbadreputation.（考虑到地铁系统的坏名声，她只坐过1号地铁（通勤）。）纽约地铁1号线标志为“1”并以红圆为底，全年无休24小时营业。1号线于1904年10月27日开始自145街驶至市政府，行经百老汇、42街、公园大道及拉法叶街等地。以及：But...DuringhervisitbacktoNewYork,Nannininodded,noticingimprovementsinthesubway'sfacilities.可知地铁的情况前后有了明显的变化。故选A.25.B【命题意图】考查主旨大意题。根据第二段的：WhileNanniniwaswaitingforatrain,abenchontheplatformoppositecaughtherattentionduetotheeverchangingfacesandcharacters....以及：Havinglearnedtheteenagers’popular“EndoftheLine”challenge-boardingtrainsatrandomandridingthemuntiltheirfinaldestination;NanninidecidedtovisiteveryfirstandlaststopacrosstheNYsubway'slineswithherbelovedcamera.激发了南尼尼拍照的灵感。故选B26.D【命题意图】考查推理判断题。WhatcanweinferfromNannini’s“EndoftheLine”experience?定位到文章最后一段："Whenyoudriveinthesuburbs,youdon’thavethoseencounters,"shecontinued.“Peopleenteryourlifeonthesubway.That'swhatstrikesmemostonmyjouneyontracks.'说出了南尼尼的感慨。27.C【命题意图】考查标题选择题。纵观全文：从第一段的：DuringhervisitbacktoNewYork,Nannininodded,noticingimprovementsinthesubway'sfacilities.以及第二段描述了南尼尼的拍摄灵感、第三段地铁上的拍摄细节以及第四段："It’softensaidthatmyphotosshowtheendofthelines-thelaststops,”shesaid."Buttheendofthelineisindeedthestartforsomanypeople.Thatmademethinkaboutwhothepeopleandthecommunitiesthatliveatthetwoendsareandwhatitisthatthesubwaymeanstothem."可知选C项最为标题有说服力。【重点词汇】fascinatedadj.着迷的；被深深吸引的giventhesubwaysystem'sbadreputation-鉴于地铁系统的坏名声fonderadj.喜欢的(fond的比较级)；多情的；溺爱的；盲目轻信的俚语|Absencemakestheheartgrowfonder不在了，反而更喜欢了.“距离产生美”“久别情更浓”！allwalksoflife各行各业；各界accentn.口音,腔调；重音；重音符号v.强调；重读diverseadj.形形色色的；不同的atrandom任意地，随便地；信；横七竖八；胡乱belovedadj.深爱的；钟爱的n.爱人ensurev.确保；担保sustainableadj.可持续的；可以忍受的；可支撑的monographn.专著，专论releasev.释放；松开；发泄；解雇；（使）放松；公布n.释放；发行；排放；解脱【难句翻译】HerfirstmonographontheterminalstopsoftheNYsubwaywasreleasedinApril2023.她的第一本关于纽约地铁终点站的专著于2023年4月出版。【B篇参考译文】直到摄影师丽塔·南尼尼离开纽约，她才对这个城市的地铁越来越着迷。20世纪80年代和90年代初，南尼尼在曼哈顿住了大约15年，考虑到地铁系统的坏名声，她只坐过1号地铁（通勤）。但在搬到新泽西几年后，那里没有地铁，南尼尼发现，久别情更浓——甚至会想念披萨鼠。在返回纽约期间，南尼尼点了点头，注意到地铁设施有所改善。当南尼尼在等火车时，对面站台上的一张长凳引起了她的注意，因为那里的面孔和人物在不断变化。他们有着不同的口音、肤色和信仰。他们来自各行各业，是各种各样的纽约人的混合体，他们都有自己不同的原因。了解青少年流行的“终点线”挑战——随机上车并乘坐火车直到最终目的地;南尼尼决定带着她心爱的相机，走遍纽约地铁的每一站和最后一站。在南尼尼的“终点线”经历中，她在纽约市的26条路线上行驶了大约665英里.她拍摄了8000多张最终车站的照片，以及它们所服务的社区。在许多情况下，她会在路线上乘坐两三次，以确保她能“拍摄”。她说:“这个项目向我展示了地铁的重要性，以及它让我们的生活如何可持续发展，”“人们常说，我的照片显示的是最后一站，”她说。但对这么多人来说，终点确实是一个开始。这让我想到了住在地铁两端的人民和社区是谁，以及地铁对他们意味着什么。”南尼尼对她的一组照片感到自豪，这些照片直接挑战了讲故事的传统，呼应了铁路旅行的无聊和兴奋。南尼尼喜欢慢慢来，从2013年开始挑战，直到去年才拍完最后的照片。她的第一本关于纽约地铁终点站的专著于2023年4月出版。“当你在郊区开车时，你不会遇到这些情况，”她继续说。“人们通过地铁进入你的生活。这是我在地铁旅程中最深刻的感受。”24.南尼尼在她的重新访问中是如何发现纽约地铁的?A.结果很好 B.令人沮丧C.它仍然有同样的坏名声。 D.这将是她唯一的通勤选择。25.第二段的主要内容是什么?A.纽约人日常生活的多样性。 B.南尼尼地铁照片的灵感来源C.“终点线”挑战的受欢迎程度。 D.南尼尼作为摄影师工作的挑战26.我们能从南尼尼的“终点线”经验中推断出什么?A.她讲故事的方式很传统。 B.她对地铁乘客表示同情。C.她的摄影作品受到人们的高度期待。D.她发现轨道上的生活比车轮上的生活更有趣。27.下面哪个是这篇文章最好的标题?A.“终点线”挑战:纽约地铁的新趋势b.回家的路:丽塔·南尼尼乘坐地铁的记录C.从最后一站到新的开始:一位摄影师对纽约地铁的重新发现D.纽约人的常规生活：无聊和兴奋的一种令人惊讶的混合物【阅读C原文】CPickupanypackagedprocessedfood,andthere'sadecentchancethatoneofitslistedingredientswillbe"naturalflavor".Theingredientsoundsgood,particularlyincontrastto“artificialflavor”.Butwhatexactlydoesnaturalflavormean?Itreferstoextracts(提取物)gotfromnaturalsourceslikeplants,meatorseafood.Whenconsumerssee“naturalflavor”onalabel,theyareunlikelytoassumethatsomeoneissqueezingthejuicefromorangesintotheirbottle.Theyknoweventhoughnaturalflavormustcomefromnaturalsources,itneedn'tallcomefromtheplantormeat.Forexample,orangeflavormightcontainnotonlyorangeextract,butalsoextractsfrombarkandgrass.Noristhecommonbelieftruethatingredientsextractedfromnaturearenecessarilysaferthansomethingartificiallymade.Soifflavorslikeorangeareneeded,whynotjustuseoranges?Theanswercomesdownto"availability,costandsustainability"',accordingtoflavorchemistGaryReinecciusoftheUniversityofMinnesota."Ifyou'regoingtouseallyourgrapesongrapesoda,”Reinecciussays,"youdon'thaveanygrapesforwinemaking;theproductsaregoingtobeexorbitant;besides,whatdoyoudowiththeby-productsyoucreateafteryou'vesqueezedallthejuiceoutofthegrape?"Actually,whilechemistsmakenaturalflavorsbyextractingchemicalsfromnaturalingredients,artificialflavorsaremadebycreatingthesamechemicalsartificially.Thereasonwhycompaniesbothertousenaturalflavorsratherthanartificialflavorsissimple:marketing."Manyoftheseproductshavehealthtitles,”saysPlatkin,professorfromHunterCollege.“"Consumersmaybetalkedtobelieveproductswithnaturalflavorsarehealthier,thoughthey'renutritionallynodifferentfromthosewithartificialflavors.Naturalflavorsmayinvolvemoreforestclear-cuttingandcarbonemissionsfromtransportthanflavorscreatedinthelab."Platkinsuggestsgettingmoretransparentlabelingonpackagingthatdescribesexactlywhatthenaturalorartificialflavorsare,soconsumersarenotmisledintobuyingoneproductoveranotherbecauseof“naturalflavors”.Reinecciusalsoofferssomesimpleguidance:“Don’tbuyanythingbecauseitsays‘naturalflavors’.Buyitbecauseyoulikeit."28.Whichisamisunderstandingaboutthe“naturalflavor”juiceaccordingtoparagraph1?A.Itcomesfrom100%originalfruit./B.Itisnothingbutadvertisingtricks.C.Itcertainlycontainsextractsmadeinthelab.D.Itisabsolutelysaferthanjuicewithartificialflavors29.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“exorbitant”inparagraph2probablymean?A.Popular. B.Expensive C.Durable D.Innovative.30.Whydocompaniesusenaturalflavorsintheirproducts?A.Tocutthecosts. B.Topromotethesales.C.Toadvocateahealthydiet. D.Toavoidfoodsafetyissues.31.Whatcanweconcludefromthetext?A.GaryandPlatkinholdoppositeperspectives.B.Naturalflavorsaremoreenvironmentally-friendly.C.Customersaremisledforignoringlabelsonpackaging.D.Naturalandartificialflavorsaremorealikethanyouthink.阅读理解：C.语篇类型：议论文主题语境：人与自我---健康生活--食物味道【文章大意】天然味道与人造味道的实际情况出乎人们的意料。【答案与解析】28-31：DBBD28.D【命题意图】根据题干中的关键词：amisunderstanding可以定位到Noristhecommonbelieftruethatingredientsextractedfromnaturearenecessarilysaferthansomethingartificiallymade.与选项D完全吻合。故选D项.29.B【命题意图】考查词义猜测题。根据第二段第一句：Soifflavorslikeorangeareneeded,whynotjustuseoranges?Theanswercomesdownto"availability,costandsustainability"',以及："Ifyou'regoingtouseallyourgrapesongrapesoda,”Reinecciussays,"youdon'thaveanygrapesforwinemaking;theproductsaregoingtobeexorbitant;besides,whatdoyoudowiththeby-productsyoucreateafteryou'vesqueezedallthejuiceoutofthegrape?"可以看得出exorbitant是：费用极高的意思故选B项。30.B【命题意图】考查Whydocompaniesusenaturalflavorsintheirproducts?可以直接定位到的第三段的：Thereasonwhycompaniesbothertousenaturalflavorsratherthanartificialflavorsissimple:marketing.就是为了营销，故选B项。31.D【命题意图】考查推理判断题。根据第三段中的："Consumersmaybetalkedtobelieveproductswithnaturalflavorsarehealthier,thoughthey'renutritionallynodifferentfromthosewithartificialflavors."可知D项Naturalandartificialflavorsaremorealikethanyouthink.（天然香料和人工香料比你想象的更相似。）几乎同出一辙，故选D项。【重点词汇】decentadj.像样的；得体的；正派的squeezev.挤压；(从某物中)榨出，挤出，拧出；严格限制，削减，紧缩（资金）extractv.提取，提炼；设法得到；选取，摘录；获得barkn.吠声；树皮；短促响亮的人声；擦破的......皮v.（犬）吠；吼叫availabilityn.可用性；有效性；可得到的东西exorbitantadj.过度的，极高的marketn.集市；市场；交易；行销地；购买的人数；市场经营者；市场总额v.营销emissionn.发出（气体、热量、光线等的）；排放（物）transparentadj.透明的；易懂的；易识破的nothingbut仅仅，只有perspectiven.透镜，望远镜；观点，看法；远景，景色；洞察力adj.（按照）透视画法的；透视的【难句翻译】Noristhecommonbelieftruethatingredientsextractedfromnaturearenecessarilysaferthansomethingartificiallymade.(人们普遍认为，从自然界中提取的成分一定比人工制造的东西更安全，这种观点也不正确。)【C篇参考译文】挑选任何包装的加工食品，其列出的成分之一很有可能是“天然味道”。这种成分听起来不错，尤其是与“人工味道”相比。但天然的味道到底意味着什么呢？它指的是从植物、肉类或海鲜等天然来源中获得的提取物（提取物）。当消费者在标签上看到“天然味道”时，他们不太可能认为有人把橘子汁挤进了他们的瓶子里。他们知道，即使天然风味必须来自天然来源，但它不一定都来自植物或肉类。例如，橙味可能不仅含有橙汁提取物，还包括树皮和草的提取物。人们普遍认为，从自然界中提取的成分一定比人工制造的东西更安全，这种观点也不正确。所以，如果需要像橘子这样的口味，为什么不直接用橘子呢？根据明尼苏达大学的风味化学家加里·莱内修斯的说法，答案可以归结为“可用性、成本和可持续性”。如果你打算把所有的葡萄都用在葡萄苏打水上，”莱内修斯说，“你没有葡萄来酿酒；产品费用会过高；此外，当你把葡萄榨汁之后，你怎么处理你创造的副产品？”实际上，化学家通过从天然成分中提取化学物质来制造天然香料，而人工香料是通过人工制造相同的化学物质来制造的。公司选择使用天然香料而不是人工香料的原因很简单：市场营销。”这些产品中有许多都有健康方面的头衔，”亨特学院的教授普拉特金说。“消费者可能会相信天然口味的产品更健康，尽管它们在营养上与人工香料的产品没有什么不同。与实验室中创造的香料相比，天然香料可能涉及更多的森林砍伐和运输过程中的碳排放。”普拉金建议在包装上贴上更透明的标签，准确描述天然或人工口味，这样消费者就不会因为“天然口味”而被误导购买一种产品。莱内修斯还提供了一些简单的指导：“不要买任何东西，因为它说的是‘天然味道’。买它是因为你喜欢它。”28.根据第一段，关于“天然味道”果汁，哪一个是误解?A.:它100%来自原产水果。 B.这只不过是广告伎俩。C.它肯定含有实验室提取的精华。 D.它绝对比添加人工香料的果汁安全29.第2段中划线的“exorbitant”可能是什么意思?A.受欢迎。 B.昂贵的 C.耐久性 D.创新。30.为什么公司在他们的产品中使用天然香料?A.:为了削减成本。 B.促进销售。 C.提倡健康饮食。d.避免食品安全问题。31.从文章中我们可以得出什么结论?A.加里和普拉特金持有相反的观点。B..天然香料更环保。C.消费者忽视包装上的标签而被误导。D.天然香料和人工香料的相似之处比你想象的要多。【阅读D原文】DInfluencedbyfactorslikeschoolfunding,sportsfacilities,teacherresourcesandsafetyconcems,traditionalphysicaleducationwaslimitedtostatic(静态的)scenesandclosedgymsandplaygrounds,whichlackedinteractionandfeedbackfunctions.PEcuriculumwasalsorestrictedtobasicsportslikeballgames,trackandfieldandgymnastics.However,theemergenceandapplicationofnewtechnologieslikevirtualreality(VR),3Dtechnology,greatlyexpandandinnovatesportsscenes,providingpossibilitiesfortheconstructionofaflexible“on-site,on-campus,online”integratednewsportsworld.ITcanbuildonlinevirtuallearningenvironmentsforstudents,creatingteachingsceneshardtoachieveinphysicalworld.Manyschoolshavealreadypartneredwithtechnologycompaniestocreatedifferentteachingscenesusingdigitalsportsproducts.TheUniversityofSouthFloridahascooperatedwiththeVRsportstrainingcompanySenseArena,allowingstudentstopracticetennisonitsgloballypioneeringVRtennistrainingplatform.StudentsusetheMetaQuest2headsetandVRtouchingracket(球拍)whichimitatestheweightandfeelofarealtennisracket.Theplatformfeatures35trainingmodesimitatingvariousscenesinreal-lifetennismatches,includingcrowdnoise,dazzlingsunlight,shadowsandwind.Athletescanengageinvariousformsoftraining,suchasskillpractice,technicalanalysisandmatchimitation.SuchvirtualsportsteachingspacefurtherenhancestheexperienceofPEleaming.Technology-basedphysicaleducationnotonlyservesordinarystudents'physicalh